Simplified JavaScript Jargon

Simplified JavaScript Jargon (short SJSJ) is a community-driven attempt at explaining the loads of buzzwords making the current JavaScript ecosystem in a few simple words. The idea is not to replace individual documentations, but to act as some kind of glossary that can be easily referrenced.

If you are willing to contribute, open a pull request to complete, update or fill in a section. Thank you for doing so!

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• AJAX: a technology for asynchronous HTTP requests.
• AMD: a standard defining how to load JavaScript libraries or modules asynchronously.
• AngularJS: a structural framework for dynamic web apps.

• Babel: Un outils de transformation du Javascript qui a commencé en tant que traducteur de code ECMAScript 2015 / ES6 .
• Backbone: a structural framework for dynamic web apps.
• Bluebird: a fully featured Promise library with focus on innovative features and performance.
• Bower: a package manager for front-end dependencies.
• Broccoli: a fast and reliable asset pipeline.
• Browserify: a tool making possible to use the require function from Node.js within the browser.
• Brunch: Un outil axé sur la production de fichiers prêts à être déployés à partir de fichiers de développement.

• Canvas: an HTML element for graphic applications in 2D or 3D.
• Chai: Une librairie d'assertions qu'on utilise avec un framework de test Javascript.
• Closure: to be completed.
• CoffeeScript: a language that compiles into JavaScript.
• CORS: a way for a server to make things accessible to pages hosted on other domains.
• CouchDB: base de données NoSQL avec JavaScript comme langage de requête HTTP et comme API.
• Currying: to be completed.

• D3.js: a library for manipulating documents based on data.
• DOM: a platform- and language-neutral interface that allow programs and scripts to dynamically access and update the content, structure and style of documents.

• ECMAScript: the standardized specification of the scripting language used by JavaScript.
• Ember: an application framework based on the model-view-controller pattern.
• ESLint: a JavaScript code linter.
• Express: a fast, un-opinionated, minimalist web framework for Node.js.

• Falcor: to be completed.
• Flux: an application structure focusing on improved data flow.

• Grunt:outil d’exécution destinée à automatiser les tâches fastidieuses et éventuellement complexes.
• Gulp: a task runner aiming at automating tedious and possibly complex tasks.

• Hapi: Un framework Node JS pour écrire des services et plus.
• Hoisting: an action performed by the JavaScript interpreter that moves function and variable declarations to the top of their containing scope.

• IIFE (Immediately Invoked Function Expression): a function that gets called immediately after declaration.
• Isomorphic: an application is said to be isomorphic (universal) when its code can run both in the client and the server.

• Jasmine: un framework de test pour BDD.
• jQuery: a fast, small, and feature-rich client-side library.
• JSCS: a JavaScript code linter.
• JSHint: a JavaScript code linter.
• JSLint: un code "linter" JavaScript.
• JSON (JavaScript Object Notation): a lightweight data-interchange format.
• JSON-LD: JSON for Linked Data.
• JSX: an XML-like syntax extension to JavaScript.

• Knockout: a library that helps developers creating user interfaces with a clean underlying data model.

• LocalForage: to be completed.
• Lodash: to be completed.

• Meteor: to be completed.
• Mocha: an extensible testing framework for TDD or BDD.
• Moment.js: Bibliothèque pour analyser, valider, manipuler et afficher des dates.
• Mootools: to be completed.
• Metalsmith: Un plug générateur de site extrêmement simple, statique.
• MEAN: the technology stack MongoDB, ExpressJS, AngularJS, and Node.js (MEAN).

• Nightmare: Bibliothèque d'automatisation de navigateur de haut niveau.
• Node.js: a cross-platform runtime environment for developing server-side applications built on V8 engine.
• npm: a utility to help publishing packages to, and installing from, an npm repository.
• nvm: a utility to help run multiple versions of Node.js on the same machine.

• PhantomJS: to be completed.
• PhoneGap: to be completed.
• Polymer: to be completed.
• Promise: a proxy for a value not necessarily known immediatly but that will eventually be resolved.
• Prototype: to be completed.

• QUnit: to be completed.

• React: une bibliothèqe développée et utilisée sur Facebook pour la construction d'interfaces utilisateur.
• Redux: a predictable state container for apps.
• RxJS: une bibliothèque pour la programmation asynchrone en utilisant des flux observables.
• Require.js: to be completed.

• Sails: Un framework MVC en temps réel pour Node.js.

• Three.js: a lightweight 3D library to create and display animated 3D computer graphics on a Web browser.
• TypeScript: a super-set of the JavaScript language that introduces types.

• Underscore: a swiss army knife, focusing on helper methods for most built-in objects.
• Universal: an application is said to be universal (isomorphic) when its code can run both in the client and the server.

• V8: Google’s open source javaScript engine. It’s what Chrome is running, but it’s also used for other projects like Node.js and MongoDB.
• Vanilla: to be completed.
• Virtual DOM: to be completed.

• WebGL (Web Graphics Library): a JavaScript API for rendering interactive 3D and 2D graphics within any compatible web browser without the use of plug-ins.
• webpack: a dependency manager with a friendly and fast development environment, simplifying a lot of common tasks.

• XHR: XMLHttpRequest is an API that provides client functionality for transferring data between a client and a server.

• Yeoman: a generator builder to speed up the setup and installation process of a project or part of a project.