diff --git a/.devcontainer.json b/.devcontainer.json
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..55d59b674
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.devcontainer.json
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+{
+  "image": "ghcr.io/ai/devcontainer:latest"
+}
diff --git a/.editorconfig b/.editorconfig
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..c6c8b3621
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.editorconfig
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+root = true
+
+[*]
+indent_style = space
+indent_size = 2
+end_of_line = lf
+charset = utf-8
+trim_trailing_whitespace = true
+insert_final_newline = true
diff --git a/.github/CONTRIBUTING.md b/.github/CONTRIBUTING.md
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..0aaa2efe2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.github/CONTRIBUTING.md
@@ -0,0 +1,65 @@
+# Contributing Guide to PostCSS
+
+If you want to contribute to PostCSS, there are a few things that you should
+be familiar with.
+
+## Adding Your Plugin to the List
+
+If you created or found a plugin and want to add it to the PostCSS plugins list
+follow these simple steps:
+
+PR should not change plugins defined in README — it only contains favorite plugins
+moderated by the PostCSS author.
+
+Plugins submitted by the community are located in [`docs/plugins`].
+
+- **Keep plugins ordered**
+
+  Be sure that a plugin is not already present and find a suitable position
+  for it in alphabetical order.
+  However plugins with `postcss-` prefix should come first.
+
+- **Check spelling**
+
+  Before submitting a PR make sure the spelling check is passing.
+  To run the check use `npm test`.
+  If it fails with an unknown word error, add it as a word
+  to `.yaspellerrc` dictionary.
+
+- **Check PostCSS plugin guidelines**
+
+  The suggested plugin should match plugin [guidelines].
+
+* **Provide link to suggested plugin**
+
+  Make sure your pull request description contains a link to the plugin
+  you want to add.
+
+[`docs/plugins`]: https://github.com/postcss/postcss/blob/main/docs/plugins.md
+[guidelines]: https://github.com/postcss/postcss/blob/main/docs/guidelines/plugin.md
+
+## TypeScript Declaration Improvements
+
+If you found a bug or want to add certain improvements to types declaration file:
+
+- **Check current TypeScript styling**
+
+  Be sure that your changes match TypeScript styling rules defined in typings file.
+  - We use classes for existing JS classes like `Stringifier`.
+  - Namespaces used for separating functions related to the same subject.
+  - Interfaces used for defining custom types.
+
+  Make sure you read through declaration file writing [best practices]
+  by the TypeScript team.
+
+[best practices]: https://www.typescriptlang.org/docs/handbook/declaration-files/do-s-and-don-ts.html
+
+## Core Development
+
+If you want to add new features or fix existing issues
+
+- **Become familiar with PostCSS architecture**
+
+  For a gentle intro to PostCSS architecture look through our [guide].
+
+[guide]: https://github.com/postcss/postcss/blob/main/docs/architecture.md
diff --git a/.github/FUNDING.yml b/.github/FUNDING.yml
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..91de44399
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.github/FUNDING.yml
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+open_collective: postcss
+tidelift: npm/postcss
+github: ai
diff --git a/.github/workflows/release.yml b/.github/workflows/release.yml
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..7787390f0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.github/workflows/release.yml
@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+name: Release
+on:
+  push:
+    tags:
+      - '*'
+jobs:
+  publish:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    permissions:
+      contents: read
+      id-token: write
+    steps:
+      - name: Checkout the repository
+        uses: actions/checkout@3d3c42e5aac5ba805825da76410c181273ba90b1 # v7.0.1
+        with:
+          persist-credentials: false
+      - name: Clean npm package
+        uses: ai/clean-npm-project@3f664d1a83e04a2be737b7ad4e0b5a4e1b7dbc08 # v0.3.1
+        with:
+          clean-docs: true
+      - name: Install Node.js
+        uses: actions/setup-node@820762786026740c76f36085b0efc47a31fe5020 # v7.0.0
+        with:
+          node-version: 26
+          package-manager-cache: false
+      - name: Publish npm package
+        run: npm stage publish
+        working-directory: cleaned-project/
+  release:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    permissions:
+      contents: write
+    steps:
+      - name: Checkout the repository
+        uses: actions/checkout@3d3c42e5aac5ba805825da76410c181273ba90b1 # v7.0.1
+        with:
+          persist-credentials: false
+      - name: Copy CHANGELOG.md to Releases
+        uses: ai/copy-changelog-to-release@a6dc825c34575add2da2060796794f7b84894628 # v0.2.0
+        env:
+          GITHUB_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
diff --git a/.github/workflows/test.yml b/.github/workflows/test.yml
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..743c0db40
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.github/workflows/test.yml
@@ -0,0 +1,104 @@
+name: Test
+on:
+  push:
+    branches:
+      - main
+  pull_request:
+permissions:
+  contents: read
+jobs:
+  full:
+    name: Node.js Latest Full
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    steps:
+      - name: Checkout the repository
+        uses: actions/checkout@3d3c42e5aac5ba805825da76410c181273ba90b1 # v7.0.1
+        with:
+          persist-credentials: false
+      - name: Install Node.js & pnpm
+        uses: pnpm/setup@84cb39b217b10273981911c288cd62326dc7c6d2 # v2.0.2
+        with:
+          version: 11
+          runtime: node@26
+      - name: Install dependencies
+        run: pnpm ci
+      - name: Run tests
+        run: pnpm test
+  short:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    strategy:
+      matrix:
+        node:
+          - 24
+          - 22
+    name: Node.js ${{ matrix.node }} Quick
+    steps:
+      - name: Checkout the repository
+        uses: actions/checkout@3d3c42e5aac5ba805825da76410c181273ba90b1 # v7.0.1
+        with:
+          persist-credentials: false
+      - name: Install Node.js & pnpm
+        uses: pnpm/setup@84cb39b217b10273981911c288cd62326dc7c6d2 # v2.0.2
+        with:
+          version: 11
+          runtime: node@${{ matrix.node }}
+      - name: Install dependencies
+        run: pnpm ci
+      - name: Install dependencies
+        run: pnpm ci --ignore-scripts
+      - name: Run unit tests
+        run: pnpm run unit
+  old:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    strategy:
+      matrix:
+        node:
+          - 20
+          - 18
+          - 16
+          - 14
+          - 12
+          - 10
+    name: Node.js ${{ matrix.node }} Quick
+    steps:
+      - name: Checkout the repository
+        uses: actions/checkout@3d3c42e5aac5ba805825da76410c181273ba90b1 # v7.0.1
+        with:
+          persist-credentials: false
+      - name: Install pnpm
+        uses: pnpm/action-setup@fc06bc1257f339d1d5d8b3a19a8cae5388b55320 # v5.0.0
+        with:
+          version: 3
+        env:
+          ACTIONS_ALLOW_UNSECURE_COMMANDS: true
+      - name: Install Node.js ${{ matrix.node }}
+        uses: actions/setup-node@820762786026740c76f36085b0efc47a31fe5020 # v7.0.0
+        with:
+          node-version: ${{ matrix.node }}
+      - name: Install dependencies
+        run: pnpm install --ignore-scripts
+      - name: Downgrade TypeScript
+        run: pnpm install typescript@4 --ignore-scripts
+      - name: Run unit tests
+        run: pnpm run old
+  windows:
+    runs-on: windows-latest
+    name: Windows Quick
+    steps:
+      - name: Checkout the repository
+        uses: actions/checkout@3d3c42e5aac5ba805825da76410c181273ba90b1 # v7.0.1
+        with:
+          persist-credentials: false
+      - name: Install pnpm
+        uses: pnpm/action-setup@0977fd99725f1db4007ccb2928dbb4e90d06cc86 # v6.0.10
+        with:
+          version: 11
+      - name: Install Node.js LTS
+        uses: actions/setup-node@820762786026740c76f36085b0efc47a31fe5020 # v7.0.0
+        with:
+          node-version: 26
+          cache: pnpm
+      - name: Install dependencies
+        run: pnpm install --ignore-scripts
+      - name: Run unit tests
+        run: pnpm run unit
diff --git a/.gitignore b/.gitignore
index d2dc35e82..3030054ee 100644
--- a/.gitignore
+++ b/.gitignore
@@ -1,14 +1,6 @@
-.DS_Store
-*~
-
 node_modules/
-.bundle/
-
-benchmark/results/
-benchmark/cache/
-build/
 
-origin.css
-fail.css
+coverage/
 
-postcss.js
+docs/api/index.html
+docs/api/assets/
diff --git a/.npmignore b/.npmignore
index 21e306af4..9439f8b9d 100644
--- a/.npmignore
+++ b/.npmignore
@@ -1,16 +1,7 @@
-.gitignore
-
-node_modules/
-
-benchmark/
-build/
-tasks/
-
+coverage/
 test/
-.travis.yml
-origin.css
-fail.css
-postcss.js
 
-gulpfile.js
-logo.svg
+docs/
+tsconfig.json
+eslint.config.mjs
+pnpm-workspace.yaml
diff --git a/.travis.yml b/.travis.yml
deleted file mode 100644
index ffb8b3996..000000000
--- a/.travis.yml
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,6 +0,0 @@
-sudo: false
-language: node_js
-node_js:
-  - iojs
-  - "0.12"
-  - "0.10"
diff --git a/API.md b/API.md
deleted file mode 100644
index 57a9644d2..000000000
--- a/API.md
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,1296 +0,0 @@
-# PostCSS API
-
-* [postcss function](#postcss-function)
-* [PostCSS class](#postcss-class)
-* [Result class](#result-class)
-* [Vendor module](#vendor-module)
-* [List module](#list-module)
-* [Input class](#input-class)
-* [Nodes common methods](#nodes-common-methods)
-* [Containers common methods](#containers-common-methods)
-* [Root node](#root-node)
-* [AtRule node](#atrule-node)
-* [Rule node](#rule-node)
-* [Declaration node](#declaration-node)
-* [Comment node](#comment-node)
-
-## `postcss` function
-
-The `postcss` function is the main entry point for PostCSS.
-
-```js
-var postcss = require('postcss');
-```
-
-### `postcss(plugins)`
-
-Returns a new `PostCSS` instance that will apply `plugins`
-as CSS processors.
-
-```js
-postcss([autoprefixer, cssnext, cssgrace]).process(css).css;
-```
-
-You can also set plugins with the [`PostCSS#use`] method.
-
-See [`PostCSS#use`] below for details about plugin formats.
-
-### `postcss.parse(css, opts)`
-
-Parses source `css` and returns a new `Root` node, which contains
-the source CSS nodes.
-
-```js
-// Simple CSS concatenation with source map support
-var root1 = postcss.parse(css1, { from: file1 });
-var root2 = postcss.parse(css2, { from: file2 });
-root1.append(root2).toResult().css;
-```
-
-Options:
-
-* `from`: the path to the source CSS file. You should always set `from`,
-  because it is used in map generation and in syntax error messages.
-* `safe`: enable [Safe Mode], in which PostCSS will try
-  to fix CSS syntax errors.
-* `map`: an object of [source map options].
-  Only `map.prev` is used in `parse`.
-
-### `postcss.root(props)`
-
-Creates a new [`Root` node].
-
-```js
-postcss.root({ after: '\n' }).toString() //=> "\n"
-```
-
-### `postcss.atRule(props)`
-
-Creates a new [`AtRule` node].
-
-```js
-postcss.atRule({ name: 'charset' }).toString() //=> "@charset"
-```
-
-### `postcss.rule(props)`
-
-Creates a new [`Rule` node].
-
-```js
-postcss.rule({ selector: 'a' }).toString() //=> "a {\n}"
-```
-
-### `postcss.decl(props)`
-
-Creates a new [`Declaration` node].
-
-```js
-postcss.decl({ prop: 'color', value: 'black' }).toString() //=> "color: black"
-```
-
-### `postcss.comment(props)`
-
-Creates a new [`Comment` node].
-
-```js
-postcss.comment({ text: 'test' }).toString() //=> "/* test */"
-```
-
-## `PostCSS` class
-
-A `PostCSS` instance contains plugins to process CSS. You can create
-one `PostCSS` instance, initialize its plugins, and then use that instance
-on many CSS files.
-
-```js
-var processor = postcss([autoprefixer, cssnext, cssgrace]);
-processor.process(css1).css;
-processor.process(css2).css;
-```
-
-### `p.use(plugin)`
-
-Adds a plugin to be used as a CSS processor.
-
-```js
-var processor = postcss();
-processor.use(autoprefixer).use(cssnext).use(cssgrace);
-```
-
-Plugins can also be added by passing them as arguments when creating
-a `postcss` instance (cf. [`postcss(plugins)`]).
-
-Plugins can come in three formats:
-
-1. A function. PostCSS will pass the function a [`Root` node]
-   as the first argument.
-2. An object with a `postcss` method. PostCSS will use that method
-   as described in #1.
-3. Another `PostCSS` instance. PostCSS will copy plugins
-   from that instance to this one.
-
-Plugin functions should mutate the passed `Root` node and return nothing,
-or return a new `Root` node.
-
-```js
-processor.use(function (css) {
-    css.prepend({ name: 'charset', params: '"UTF-8"' });
-});
-processor.use(function (css) {
-    return postcss.root();
-});
-```
-
-### `p.process(css, opts)`
-
-This is the main method of PostCSS. It will parse the source CSS
-and create a [`Root` node]; send this `Root` to each plugin successively,
-for transformations; and then return a `Result` instance created
-from the transformed `Root`.
-
-```js
-var result = processor.process(css, { from: 'a.css', to: 'a.out.css' });
-```
-
-Input CSS formats are:
-
-* A string of CSS.
-* A `Result` instance from another PostCSS processor. PostCSS will accept
-  the already parsed `Root` from it.
-* Any object with a `toString()` method — for example, a file stream.
-
-Options:
-
-* `from`: the path of the CSS source file. You should always set `from`,
-  because it is used in source map generation and syntax error messages.
-* `to`: the path where you’ll put the output CSS file. You should always set
-  `to` to generate correct source maps.
-* `safe`: enable [Safe Mode], in which PostCSS will try
-  to fix CSS syntax errors.
-* `map`: an object of [source map options].
-
-## `Result` class
-
-Provides result of PostCSS transformations.
-
-A `Result` instance is returned
-by [`PostCSS#process(css, opts)`] and [`Root#toResult(opts)`].
-
-```js
-var result1 = postcss().process(css);
-var result2 = postcss.parse(css).toResult();
-```
-
-### `result.root`
-
-The source `Root` instance.
-
-```js
-root.toResult().root == root;
-```
-
-### `result.opts`
-
-Options from the [`PostCSS#process(css, opts)`] or
-[`Root#toResult(opts)`] call that produced
-this `Result` instance.
-
-```js
-postcss().process(css, opts).opts == opts;
-```
-
-### `result.css`
-
-A CSS string representing this `Result`’s '`Root` instance.
-
-```js
-postcss().process('a{}').css //=> "a{}"
-```
-
-This property is generated *lazily*: `Root` is not stringified until
-the first request for the `css` property (or the [`result.map`] property).
-That initial request for `css` will also generate a source map.
-Source map will inlined into CSS or assigned to the [`result.map`] property,
-if user ask to save map to separated file.
-
-### `result.map`
-
-An instance of the `SourceMapGenerator` class from the [`source-map`] library,
-representing changes to the `Result`’s `Root` instance.
-
-```js
-result.map.toJSON() //=> { version: 3, file: 'a.css', sources: ['a.css'], … }
-```
-
-This property is generated *lazily*: the source map for `Root` is not generated
-until the first request for the `map` property (or the [`result.css`] property).
-That initial request will also stringify `Root` and assign the generated
-CSS string to the [`result.css`] property.
-
-Additionally, *this property will receive a value only if the user does not wan
-an inline source map*. By default, PostCSS generates inline source maps,
-written directly into the processed CSS; so by default the `map` property
-will be empty.
-
-An external source map will be generated — and assigned to `map` — only if the
-user has set the `map.inline` option to `false`, or if PostCSS was passed
-an external input source map.
-
-```js
-if ( result.map ) {
-    fs.writeFileSync(to + '.map', result.map.toString());
-}
-```
-
-## Vendor module
-
-Contains helpers for working with vendor prefixes.
-
-### `vendor.prefix(string)`
-
-Returns the vendor prefix extracted from an input string.
-
-```js
-vendor.prefix('-moz-tab-size') //=> '-moz-'
-```
-
-### `vendor.unprefixed(string)`
-
-Returns the input string stripped of its vendor prefix.
-
-```js
-vendor.unprefixed('-moz-tab-size') //=> 'tab-size'
-```
-
-## List module
-
-Contains helpers for safely splitting lists of CSS values, preserving parentheses
-and quotes.
-
-```js
-var list = require('postcss/lib/list');
-```
-
-### `list.space(string)`
-
-Safely splits space-separated values (such as those for `background`,
-`border-radius`, and other shorthand properties).
-
-```js
-list.space('1px calc(10% + 1px)')
-//=> ['1px', 'calc(10% + 1px)']
-```
-
-### `list.comma(string)`
-
-Safely splits comma-separated values (such as those
-for `transition-*` and `background` properties).
-
-```js
-list.comma('black, linear-gradient(white, black)')
-//=> ['black', 'linear-gradient(white, black)']
-```
-
-## `Input` class
-
-Represents the source CSS.
-
-```js
-var root  = postcss.parse(css, { from: file });
-var input = root.source.input;
-```
-
-### `input.file`
-
-The absolute path to the CSS source file defined with
-the [`from` option](#pprocesscss-opts).
-
-```js
-var root  = postcss.parse(css, { from: 'a.css' });
-root.source.input.file //=> '/home/ai/a.css'
-```
-
-### `input.id`
-
-The unique ID of the CSS source. This is used if the user did not enter a `from`
-options so PostCSS does not know about a file path.
-
-```js
-var root  = postcss.parse(css);
-root.source.input.file //=> undefined
-root.source.input.id   //=> <input css 1>
-```
-
-### `input.from`
-
-The CSS source identifier. Contains [`input.file`](#inputfile) if the user set the
-[`from` option](#pprocesscss-opts), or [`input.id`](#inputid) if she did not.
-
-```js
-var root  = postcss.parse(css, { from: 'a.css' });
-root.source.input.from //=> '/home/ai/a.css'
-
-var root  = postcss.parse(css);
-root.source.input.from //=> <input css 1>
-```
-
-### `input.map`
-
-Represents the input source map passed from a compilation step before PostCSS
-(for example, from the Sass compiler).
-
-`map.consumer()` returns an instance of the `SourceMapConsumer` class
-from the [`source-map`] library.
-
-```js
-root.source.input.map.consumer().sources //=> ['a.sass']
-```
-
-### `input.origin(line, column)`
-
-Reads the input source map and returns a symbol position in the input source
-(for example, in a Sass file that was compiled to CSS before being passed
-to PostCSS):
-
-```js
-root.source.input.origin(1, 1) //=> { source: 'a.css', line: 3, column: 1 }
-```
-
-## Nodes: common methods
-
-All node classes have many common methods.
-
-### `node.type`
-
-Returns a string representing the node’s type.
-
-Possible values are `root`, `atrule`, `rule`, `decl`, or `comment`.
-
-```js
-postcss.decl({ prop: 'color', value: 'black' }).type //=> 'decl'
-```
-
-### `node.parent`
-
-Returns the node’s parent node.
-
-```js
-root.nodes[0].parent == root;
-```
-
-### `node.source`
-
-Returns the input source of the node, with the following properties:
-
-- `node.source.input`: An [`Input`] instance.
-- `node.source.start`: The starting position of the node’s source —
-  line and column.
-- `node.source.end`: The ending position of the node’s source — line and column.
-
-```js
-decl.source.input.from //=> '/home/ai/a.sass'
-decl.source.start      //=> { line: 10, column: 2 }
-decl.source.end        //=> { line: 10, column: 12 }
-```
-
-The property is used in source map generation.
-
-If you create a node manually (for example, with `postcss.decl()`),
-that node will not have a `source` property and will be absent
-from the source map. For this reason, plugin developer should consider
-cloning nodes to create new ones (in which case the new node’s source
-will reference the original, cloned node) or setting the `source` property
-manually.
-
-```js
-// Bad
-var prefixed = postcss.decl({ prop: '-moz-' + decl.prop, value: decl.value });
-
-// Good
-var prefixed = decl.clone({ prop: '-moz-' + decl.prop });
-```
-
-```js
-if ( atrule.name == 'add-link' ) {
-    var rule = postcss.rule({ selector: 'a' }); // Rule has no source
-    atrule.parent.insertBefore(atrule, rule);   // We add it because of atrule
-    rule.source = atrule.source;                // So we copy source from atrule
-}
-```
-
-### `node.toString()`
-
-Returns a CSS string representing the node.
-
-```js
-postcss.rule({ selector: 'a' }).toString() //=> 'a {}''
-```
-
-### `node.error(message)`
-
-Returns a `CssSyntaxError` instance that presents the original position
-of the node in the source, showing line and column numbers and also
-a small excerpt to facilitate debugging.
-
-It will use an input source map, if present, to get the original position
-of the source, even from a previous compilation step
-(for example, from Sass compilation).
-
-This method produces very useful error messages.
-
-```js
-if ( !variables[name] ) {
-    throw decl.error('Unknown variable ' + name);
-    // CssSyntaxError: a.sass:4:3: Unknown variable $black
-    // a
-    //   color: $black
-    //   ^
-    //   background: white
-}
-
-if ( oldSyntax.check(decl) ) {
-    console.warn( decl.error('Old syntax for variables').message );
-    // a.sass:4:3: Old syntax for variables
-}
-```
-
-### `node.next()` and `node.prev()`
-
-Returns the next/previous child of the node’s parent; or returns `undefined`
-if the current node is the last/first child.
-
-```js
-var annotation = decl.prev();
-if ( annotation.type == 'comment' ) {
-    readAnnotation( annotation.text );
-}
-```
-
-### `node.root()`
-
-Returns the `Root` instance of the node’s tree.
-
-```js
-root.nodes[0].nodes[0].root() == root
-```
-
-### `node.removeSelf()`
-
-Removes the node from its parent, and cleans the `parent` property in the node
-and its children.
-
-```js
-if ( decl.prop.match(/^-webkit-/) ) {
-    decl.removeSelf();
-}
-```
-
-### `node.replaceWith(otherNode)`
-
-Inserts another node before the current node, and removes the current node.
-
-```js
-if ( atrule.name == 'mixin' ) {
-    atrule.replaceWith(mixinRules[atrule.params]);
-}
-```
-
-### `node.clone(props)`
-
-Returns a clones of the node.
-
-The resultant clone node and its (clone) children will have clean `parent`
-and code style properties. You can override properties in the clone node
-by passing a `props` argument.
-
-```js
-var clonded = decl.clone({ prop: '-moz-' + decl.prop });
-cloned.before     //=> undefined
-cloned.parent     //=> undefined
-cloned.toString() //=> -moz-transform: scale(0)
-```
-
-### `node.cloneBefore(props)` and `node.cloneAfter(props)`
-
-Shortcuts to clone the node and insert the resultant clone node before/after
-the current node.
-
-```js
-decl.cloneBefore({ prop: '-moz-' + decl.prop });
-```
-
-### `node.moveTo(newParent)`
-
-Removes the node from its current parent and inserts it
-at the end of `newParent`.
-
-This will clean the `before` and `after` code style properties from the node,
-and replace them with the indentation style of `newParent`. It will also clean
-the `between` property if `newParent` is in another `Root`.
-
-```js
-atrule.moveTo(atrule.parent.parent);
-```
-
-### `node.moveBefore(otherNode)` and `node.moveAfter(otherNode)`
-
-Removes the node from its current parent and inserts it into a new parent
-before/after `otherNode`.
-
-This will also clean the node’s code style properties just
-as `node.moveTo(newParent)` does.
-
-### `node.style(prop, defaultType)`
-
-Returns a code style property value. If the node is missing the code style
-property (because the node was manually built or cloned), PostCSS will try
-to autodetect the code style property by looking at other nodes in the tree.
-
-```js
-var root = postcss.parse('a { background: white }');
-root.nodes[0].append({ prop: 'color', value: 'black' });
-root.nodes[0].nodes[1].style('before') //=> ' '
-```
-
-## Containers: common methods
-
-The `Root`, `AtRule`, and `Rule` container nodes have some common methods
-to help work with their children.
-
-Note that all containers can store *any* content. If you write a rule inside
-a rule, PostCSS will parse it.
-
-### `container.nodes`
-
-An array containing the container’s children.
-
-```js
-var root = postcss.parse('a { color: black }');
-root.nodes.length           //=> 1
-root.nodes[0].selector      //=> 'a'
-root.nodes[0].nodes[0].prop //=> 'color'
-```
-
-### `container.first`
-
-The container’s first child.
-
-```js
-rule.first == rules.nodes[0];
-```
-
-### `container.last`
-
-The container’s last child.
-
-```js
-rule.last == rule.nodes[rule.nodes.length - 1];
-```
-
-### `container.index(child)`
-
-Returns `child`’s index within the container’s `nodes` array.
-
-```js
-rule.index( rule.nodes[2] ) //=> 2
-```
-
-### `container.every(callback)`
-
-Returns `true` if `callback` returns a truthy value for all
-of the container’s children.
-
-```js
-var noPrefixes = rule.every(function (decl) {
-    return decl.prop[0] != '-';
-});
-```
-
-### `container.some(callback)`
-
-Return `true` if `callback` returns a truthy value
-for (at least) one of the container’s children.
-
-```js
-var hasPrefix = rule.some(function (decl) {
-    return decl.prop[0] == '-';
-});
-```
-
-### `container.each(callback)`
-
-Iterates through the container’s immediate children, calling `callback`
-for each child.
-
-`callback` receives 2 arguments: the node itself and an index.
-
-Returning `false` within `callback` will break iteration.
-
-```js
-var color;
-rule.each(function (decl) {
-    if ( decl.prop == 'color' ) {
-        color = decl.value;
-        return false;
-    }
-});
-```
-
-Unlike the `for {}`-cycle or `Array#forEach()` this iterator is safe
-if you are mutating the array of child nodes during iteration.
-PostCSS will adjust the current index to match the mutations.
-
-```js
-var root = postcss.parse('a { color: black; z-index: 1 }');
-var rule = root.first;
-
-for ( var i = 0; i < rule.nodes.length; i++ ) {
-    var decl = rule.nodes[i];
-    decl.cloneBefore({ prop: '-webkit-' + decl.prop });
-    // Cycle will be infinite, because cloneBefore move current node
-    // to next index
-}
-
-rule.each(function (decl) {
-    decl.cloneBefore({ prop: '-webkit-' + decl.prop });
-    // Will be executed only for color and z-index
-});
-```
-
-`container.each()` only iterates through the container’s immediate children.
-If you need to recursively iterate through all the container’s descendents,
-use `container.eachInside()`.
-
-### `container.eachInside(callback)`
-
-Recursively iterates through the container’s children,
-those children’s children, etc., calling `callback` for each.
-
-`callback` receives 2 arguments: the node itself and an index.
-
-```js
-root.eachInside(function (node) {
-    // Will be iterate through all nodes
-});
-```
-
-Like `container.each()`, this method is safe to use
-if you are mutating arrays during iteration.
-
-If you only need to iterate through the container’s immediate children,
-use `container.each()`.
-
-### `container.eachDecl([propFilter,] callback)`
-
-Recursively iterates through all declaration nodes within the container,
-calling `callback` for each.
-
-`callback` receives 2 arguments: the node itself and an index.
-
-```js
-root.eachDecl(function (decl) {
-    if ( decl.prop.match(/^-webkit-/) ) {
-        decl.removeSelf();
-    }
-});
-```
-
-If you pass a string or regular expression as `filter`, only those declarations whose
-property matches`filter` will be iterated over.
-
-```js
-// Make flat design
-root.eachDecl('border-radius', function (decl) {
-    decl.removeSelf();
-});
-root.eachDecl(/^background/, function (decl) {
-    decl.value = takeFirstColorFromGradient(decl.value);
-});
-```
-
-Like `container.each()`, this method is safe to use if you are mutating
-arrays during iteration.
-
-### `container.eachAtRule([nameFilter,] callback)`
-
-Recursively iterates through all at-rule nodes within the container,
-calling `callback` for each.
-
-`callback` receives 2 arguments: the node itself and an index.
-
-
-```js
-root.eachAtRule(function (rule) {
-    if ( rule.name.match(/^-webkit-/) ) rule.removeSelf();
-});
-```
-
-If you pass a string or regular expression as `filter`, only those at-rules whose name
-matches `filter` will be iterated over.
-
-```js
-var first = false;
-root.eachAtRule('charset', function (rule) {
-    if ( !first ) {
-        first = true;
-    } else {
-        rule.removeSelf();
-    }
-});
-```
-
-Like `container.each()`, this method is safe to use if you are mutating arrays
-during iteration.
-
-### `container.eachRule(callback)`
-
-Recursively iterates through all rule nodes within the container, calling
-`callback` for each.
-
-`callback` receives 2 arguments: the node itself and an index.
-
-```js
-var selectors = [];
-root.eachRule(function (rule) {
-    selectors.push(rule.selector);
-});
-console.log('You CSS uses ' + selectors.length + ' selectors');
-```
-
-Like `container.each()`, this method is safe to use if you are mutating arrays
-during iteration.
-
-### `container.eachComment(callback)`
-
-Recursively iterates through all comment nodes within the container, calling
-`callback` for each.
-
-```js
-root.eachComment(function (comment) {
-    comment.removeSelf();
-})
-```
-
-Like `container.each()`, this method is safe to use if you are mutating arrays
-during iteration.
-
-### `container.replaceValues(regexp, opts, callback)`
-
-Passes all declaration values within the container that match `regexp` through
-`callback`, replacing those values with the returned result of `callback`.
-
-`callback` will receive the same arguments as those passed to a function
-parameter of [`String#replace`].
-
-You can speed up the search by passing `opts`:
-
-- `props`: An array of property names. The method will only search for values
-  that match `regexp` within declarations of listed properties.
-- `fast`: A string that will be used to narrow down values and speed up
-  the regexp search. Searching every single value with a regexp can be slow;
-  so if you pass a `fast` string, PostCSS will first check whether the value
-  contains the `fast` string; and only if it does will PostCSS check that value
-  against `regexp`. For example, instead of just checking for `/\d+rem/` on
-  all values, you can set `fast: 'rem'` to first check whether a value has
-  the `rem` unit, and only if it does perform the regexp check.
-
-This method is useful if you are using a custom unit or function,
-so need to iterate through all values.
-
-```js
-root.replaceValues(/\d+rem/, { fast: 'rem' }, function (string) {
-    return 15 * parseInt(string) + 'px';
-});
-```
-
-[`String#replace`]: (https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/String/replace#Specifying_a_function_as_a_parameter)
-
-### `container.prepend(node)` and `container.append(node)`
-
-Insert a new node to the start/end of the container.
-
-```js
-var decl = postcss.decl({ prop: 'color', value: 'black' });
-rule.append(decl);
-```
-
-Because each node class is identifiable by unique properties, you can use
-the following shortcuts to create nodes to prepend/append:
-
-```js
-root.append({ name: '@charset', params: '"UTF-8"' }); // at-rule
-root.append({ selector: 'a' });                       // rule
-rule.append({ prop: 'color', value: 'black' });       // declaration
-rule.append({ text: 'Comment' })                      // comment
-```
-
-### `container.insertBefore(oldNode, newNew)`  and `container.insertAftr(oldNode, newNew)`
-
-Insert `newNode` before/after `oldNode` within the container.
-
-`oldNode` can be a node or a node’s index.
-
-```js
-rule.insertBefore(decl, decl.clone({ prop: '-webkit-' + decl.prop }));
-```
-
-You can also use the same shorcuts available to `container.append()`.
-
-```js
-rule.insertBefore(decl, { prop: 'color', value: 'black' });
-```
-
-### `container.remove(node)`
-
-Removes `node` from the container, and the `parent` properties of `node`
-and its children.
-
-`node` can be a node or a node’s index.
-
-```js
-rule.nodes.length  //=> 5
-rule.remove(decl);
-rule.nodes.length  //=> 4
-decl.parent        //=> undefined
-```
-
-### `container.removeAll()`
-
-Removes all children from the container, and cleans their `parent` properties.
-
-```js
-rule.removeAll();
-rule.nodes.length //=> 0
-```
-
-## `Root` node
-
-Represents a CSS file and contains all its parsed nodes.
-
-```js
-var root = postcss.parse('a{color:black} b{z-index:2}');
-root.type         //=> 'root'
-root.nodes.length //=> 2
-```
-
-### `root.toResult(opts)`
-
-Returns a [`Result`] instance representing the root's CSS.
-
-```js
-var root1 = postcss.parse(css1, { from: 'a.css' });
-var root2 = postcss.parse(css2, { from: 'b.css' });
-
-root1.append(root2);
-var result = root1.toResult({ to: 'all.css', map: true });
-```
-
-Options:
-
-* `to`: the path where you’ll put the output CSS file. You should always set
-  `to` to generate correct source maps.
-* `map`: an object of [source map options].
-
-### `root.after`
-
-The space symbols after the last child of `root`,
-such as `\n` at the end of a file.
-
-```js
-var root = parse('a {}\nb { color: black }\n');
-root.after //=> '\n'
-```
-
-This is a code style property.
-
-## `AtRule` node
-
-Represents an at-rule.
-
-This node will have a `nodes` property, representing its children,
-if it is followed in the CSS by a `{}` block.
-
-
-```js
-var root = postcss.parse('@charset "UTF-8"; @media print {}');
-
-var charset = root.first;
-charset.type  //=> 'atrule'
-charset.nodes //=> undefined
-
-var media = root.last;
-media.nodes   //=> []
-```
-
-### `atrule.name`
-
-The at-rule’s name. This is the identifier that immediately follows the `@`.
-
-```js
-var root  = postcss.parse('@media print {}');
-var media = root.first;
-media.name //=> 'media'
-```
-
-### `atrule.params`
-
-The at-rule’s parameters. These are the values that follow the at-rule’s name
-but precede any `{}` block. The spec refers to this area
-as the at-rule’s “prelude”.
-
-```js
-var root  = postcss.parse('@media print, screen {}');
-var media = root.first;
-media.params //=> '[print, screen]'
-```
-
-This value will be cleaned of comments. If the source at-rule’s prelude
-contained comments, those comments will be available
-in the `_params.raw` property.
-
-If you have not changed the parameters, calling `atrule.toString()`
-will stringify the original raw value (comments and all).
-
-```js
-var root  = postcss.parse('@media print, /**/ screen {}');
-var media = root.first;
-media.params      //=> '[print,  screen]'
-media._params.raw //=> 'print, /**/ screen'
-media.toString()  //=> '@media print, /**/ screen {}'
-```
-
-### `atrule.before`
-
-The space symbols before the at-rule.
-
-The default value is `\n`, except for the first rule in a `Root`,
-whose `before` property is empty.
-
-```js
-var root  = postcss.parse('@charset "UTF-8";\n@media print {}\n');
-var media = root.last;
-media.before //=> '\n'
-```
-
-This is a code style property.
-
-### `atrule.afterName`
-
-The space symbols between the at-rule’s name and its parameters.
-
-The default value is ` `.
-
-```js
-var root  = postcss.parse('@media\n  print,\n  screen {}\n');
-var media = root.first;
-media.afterName //=> '\n  '
-```
-
-This is a code style property.
-
-### `atrule.between`
-
-The space symbols between the at-rule’s parameters
-and `{`, the block-opening curly brace.
-
-The default value is ` `.
-
-```js
-var root  = postcss.parse('@media print, screen\n{}\n');
-var media = root.first;
-media.before //=> '\n'
-```
-
-This is a code style property.
-
-### `atrule.after`
-
-The space symbols between the at-rule’s last child and `}`,
-the block-closing curly brace.
-
-The default value is `\n` if the at-rule has children,
-and an empty string (`''`) if it does not.
-
-```js
-var root  = postcss.parse('@media print {\n  a {}\n  }\n');
-var media = root.first;
-media.after //=> '\n  '
-```
-
-This is a code style property.
-
-### `atrule.semicolon`
-
-`true` if at-rule’s last child declaration
-is followed by an (optional) semicolon.
-
-`undefined` if the semicolon is omitted.
-
-```js
-postcss.parse('@page{color:black}').first.semicolon  //=> undefined
-postcss.parse('@page{color:black;}').first.semicolon //=> true
-```
-
-This is a code style property.
-
-## `Rule` node
-
-Represents a CSS rule: a selector followed by a declaration block.
-
-```js
-var root = postcss.parse('a{}');
-var rule = root.first;
-rule.type       //=> 'rule'
-rule.toString() //=> 'a{}'
-```
-
-### `rule.selector`
-
-The rule’s full selector represented as a string. If there are multiple
-comma-separated selectors, the entire group will be included.
-
-```js
-var root = postcss.parse('a, b { }');
-var rule = root.first;
-rule.selector //=> 'a, b'
-```
-
-This value will be cleaned of comments. If the source selector contained
-comments, those comments will be available in the `_selector.raw` property.
-
-If you have not changed the selector, the result of `rule.toString()`
-will include the original raw selector value (comments and all).
-
-```js
-var root = postcss.parse('a /**/ b {}');
-var rule = root.first;
-rule.selector      //=> 'a  b'
-rule._selector.raw //=> 'a /**/ b'
-rule.toString()    //=> 'a /**/ b {}'
-```
-
-### `rule.selectors`
-
-An array containing the rule’s individual selectors.
-Groups of selectors are split at commas.
-
-```js
-var root = postcss.parse('a, b { }');
-var rule = root.first;
-
-rule.selector  //=> 'a, b'
-rule.selectors //=> ['a', 'b']
-
-rule.selectors = ['a', 'strong'];
-rule.selector //=> 'a, strong'
-```
-
-### `rule.before`
-
-The space symbols before the rule.
-
-The default value is `\n`, except for first rule in root,
-whose `before` property is empty.
-
-```js
-var root = postcss.parse('a {}\nb {}\n');
-var rule = root.last;
-rule.before //=> '\n'
-```
-
-This is a code style property.
-
-### `rule.after`
-
-The space symbols between the rule’s last child and `}`,
-the block-closing curly brace.
-
-The default value is `\n` if rule has children and an empty string (`''`)
-if it does not.
-
-```js
-var root = postcss.parse('@a {\n  color: black\n  }\n');
-var rule = root.first;
-root.after //=> '\n  '
-```
-
-This is a code style property.
-
-### `rule.semicolon`
-
-`true` if rule’s last child declaration is followed by an (optional) semicolon.
-
-`undefined` if the semicolon is omitted.
-
-```js
-postcss.parse('a{color:black}').first.semicolon  //=> undefined
-postcss.parse('a{color:black;}').first.semicolon //=> true
-```
-
-This is a code style property.
-
-## `Declaration` node
-
-Represents a CSS declaration.
-
-```js
-var root = postcss.parse('a { color: black }');
-var decl = root.first.first;
-decl.type       //=> 'decl'
-decl.toString() //=> ' color: black'
-```
-
-### `declaration.prop`
-
-The declaration’s property name.
-
-```js
-var root = postcss.parse('a { color: black }');
-var decl = root.first.first;
-decl.prop //=> 'color'
-```
-
-### `declaration.value`
-
-The declaration’s value.
-
-```js
-var root = postcss.parse('a { color: black }');
-var decl = root.first.first;
-decl.value //=> 'black'
-```
-
-This value will be cleaned of comments. If the source value contained comments,
-those comments will be available in the `_value.raw` property.
-
-If you have not changed the value, the result of `decl.toString()` will include
-the original raw value (comments and all).
-
-```js
-var root = postcss.parse('a { border-radius: 3px /**/ 0 }');
-var decl = root.first.first;
-decl.value      //=> '3px  0'
-decl._value.raw //=> '3px /**/ 0'
-decl.toString() //=> ' border-radius: 3px /**/ 0'
-```
-
-### `declaration.before`
-
-The space symbols before the declaration.
-
-Default value is `\n    `.
-
-```js
-var root = postcss.parse('a {\n  color: black\n}\n');
-var decl = root.first.first;
-decl.before //=> '\n  '
-```
-
-This is a code style property.
-
-### `declaration.between`
-
-The symbols between the declaration’s property and its value.
-
-Default value is `: `.
-
-```js
-var root = postcss.parse('a { color/**/: black }');
-var decl = root.first.first;
-decl.between //=> '/**/: '
-```
-
-This is a code style property.
-
-### `declaration.important`
-
-`true` if the declaration has an `!important` annotation.
-
-```js
-var root = postcss.parse('a { color: black !important; color: white }');
-root.first.first.important //=> true
-root.first.last.important  //=> undefined
-```
-
-If there are comments between the declaration’s value and its
-`!important` annotation, they will be available in the `_important` property.
-
-```js
-var root = postcss.parse('a { color: black /**/ !important }');
-root.first.first._important //=> ' /**/ !important'
-```
-
-## `Comment` node
-
-Represents a comment between declarations or statements (rule and at-rules).
-Comments inside selectors, at-rules parameters, or declaration values
-will be stored in the raw properties explained above.
-
-```js
-var root    = postcss.parse('a { color: /* inner */ black; /* outer */ }');
-var decl    = root.first.first;
-var comment = root.first.last;
-
-comment.type //=> 'comment'
-decl.between //=> ': /* inner */'
-```
-
-### `comment.text`
-
-The comment’s text.
-
-```js
-var root    = postcss.parse('/* Empty file */');
-var comment = root.first;
-var comment.text //=> 'Empty file'
-```
-
-### `comment.left` and `comment.right`
-
-The space symbols before/after the comment’s text.
-
-Default value is ` `.
-
-```js
-var root  = postcss.parse('/* long */ /*short*/');
-var long  = root.first;
-var short = root.last;
-
-long.left  //=> ' '
-short.left //=> ''
-```
-
-This is a code style property.
-
-### `comment.before`
-
-The space symbols before the comment.
-
-Default value is `\n`.
-
-```js
-var root    = postcss.parse('a {\n  /**/}\n');
-var comment = root.first.first;
-comment.before //=> '\n  '
-```
-
-This is a code style property.
-
-[`source-map`]: https://github.com/mozilla/source-map
-
-[source map options]: https://github.com/postcss/postcss#source-map
-[Safe Mode]:          https://github.com/postcss/postcss#safe-mode
-
-[`PostCSS#process(css, opts)`]: #pprocesscss-opts
-[`Root#toResult(opts)`]:        #roottoresult-opts
-[`postcss(plugins)`]:           #postcssplugins
-[`Declaration` node]:           #declaration-node
-[`Comment` node]:               #comment-node
-[`PostCSS#use`]:                #puseplugin
-[`AtRule` node]:                #atrule-node
-[`result.map`]:                 #resultmap
-[`result.css`]:                 #resultcss
-[`Root` node]:                  #root-node
-[`Rule` node]:                  #rule-node
-[`Input`]:                      #inputclass
-[`Result`]:                     #result-class
diff --git a/CHANGELOG.md b/CHANGELOG.md
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..45510c7e5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/CHANGELOG.md
@@ -0,0 +1,1441 @@
+# Change Log
+
+This project adheres to [Semantic Versioning](https://semver.org/).
+
+## 8.5.26
+
+- Fixed `list.split()` regression (by @lazerg).
+- Track symlinks in path protection in source map loading (by @drengir1).
+
+## 8.5.25
+
+- Fixed 8.5.17 visitor regression.
+- Fixed `list.split()` for non-string values (by @amir-rezaei).
+
+## 8.5.24
+
+- Preserve the BOM after the processing (by @hdimer).
+
+## 8.5.23
+
+- Do not load source map without `opts.from` for security reasons.
+
+## 8.5.22
+
+- Fixed custom property losing semicolon before a comment (by @sarathfrancis90).
+
+## 8.5.21
+
+- Fixed childless at-rule losing semicolon before comment (by @sarathfrancis90).
+- Fixed docs (by @isker).
+
+## 8.5.20
+
+- Fixed missing space if `AtRule#params` is set after (by @sarathfrancis90).
+- Fixed mixing AST error on warnings (by @MahinAnowar).
+
+## 8.5.19
+
+- Fixed cleaning `before` for new nodes inserted to `Root` (by @MahinAnowar).
+
+## 8.5.18
+
+- Restricted loading previous source maps file to the `opts.from` folder for security reasons (use `unsafeMap: true` to disable the check).
+
+## 8.5.17
+
+- Fixed `Maximum call stack size exceeded` error.
+- Fixed Prototype hijacking for `postcss.fromJSON()`.
+- Fixed `Input#origin()` for unmapped end position (by @chatman-media).
+
+## 8.5.16
+
+- Fixed `Input#origin()` position (by @mizdra).
+- Fixed `raws` after rehydrating a JSON AST (by @sarathfrancis90).
+- Fixed putting parent-less node in `nodes` of new node (by @MahinAnowar).
+- Fixed computing `offset` in `positionBy()` (by @greymoth-jp).
+- Fixed `rangeBy()` on `index: 0` (by @sarathfrancis90).
+
+## 8.5.15
+
+- Fixed declaration parsing performance (by @homanp).
+
+## 8.5.14
+
+- Fixed custom syntax regression (by @43081j).
+
+## 8.5.13
+
+- Fixed `postcss-scss` commend regression.
+
+## 8.5.12
+
+- Fixed reading any file via user-generated CSS.
+- Added `opts.unsafeMap` to disable checks.
+
+## 8.5.11
+
+- Fixed nested brackets parsing performance (by @offset).
+
+## 8.5.10
+
+- Fixed XSS via unescaped `</style>` in non-bundler cases (by @TharVid).
+
+## 8.5.9
+
+- Speed up source map encoding paring in case of the error.
+
+## 8.5.8
+
+- Fixed `Processor#version`.
+
+## 8.5.7
+
+- Improved source map annotation cleaning performance (by CodeAnt AI).
+
+## 8.5.6
+
+- Fixed `ContainerWithChildren` type discriminating (by @Goodwine).
+
+## 8.5.5
+
+- Fixed `package.json`→`exports` compatibility with some tools (by @JounQin).
+
+## 8.5.4
+
+- Fixed Parcel compatibility issue (by @git-sumitchaudhary).
+
+## 8.5.3
+
+- Added more details to `Unknown word` error (by @hiepxanh).
+- Fixed types (by @romainmenke).
+- Fixed docs (by @catnipan).
+
+## 8.5.2
+
+- Fixed end position of rules with semicolon (by @romainmenke).
+
+## 8.5.1
+
+- Fixed backwards compatibility for complex cases (by @romainmenke).
+
+## 8.5 “Duke Alloces”
+
+- Added `Input#document` for sources like CSS-in-JS or HTML (by @romainmenke).
+
+## 8.4.49
+
+- Fixed custom syntax without `source.offset` (by @romainmenke).
+
+## 8.4.48
+
+- Fixed position calculation in error/warnings methods (by @romainmenke).
+
+## 8.4.47
+
+- Removed debug code.
+
+## 8.4.46
+
+- Fixed `Cannot read properties of undefined (reading 'before')`.
+
+## 8.4.45
+
+- Removed unnecessary fix which could lead to infinite loop.
+
+## 8.4.44
+
+- Another way to fix `markClean is not a function` error.
+
+## 8.4.43
+
+- Fixed `markClean is not a function` error.
+
+## 8.4.42
+
+- Fixed CSS syntax error on long minified files (by @varpstar).
+
+## 8.4.41
+
+- Fixed types (by @nex3 and @querkmachine).
+- Cleaned up RegExps (by @bluwy).
+
+## 8.4.40
+
+- Moved to getter/setter in nodes types to help Sass team (by @nex3).
+
+## 8.4.39
+
+- Fixed `CssSyntaxError` types (by @romainmenke).
+
+## 8.4.38
+
+- Fixed `endIndex: 0` in errors and warnings (by @romainmenke).
+
+## 8.4.37
+
+- Fixed `original.column are not numbers` error in another case.
+
+## 8.4.36
+
+- Fixed `original.column are not numbers` error on broken previous source map.
+
+## 8.4.35
+
+- Avoid `!` in `node.parent.nodes` type.
+- Allow to pass `undefined` to node adding method to simplify types.
+
+## 8.4.34
+
+- Fixed `AtRule#nodes` type (by Tim Weißenfels).
+- Cleaned up code (by Dmitry Kirillov).
+
+## 8.4.33
+
+- Fixed `NoWorkResult` behavior difference with normal mode (by Romain Menke).
+- Fixed `NoWorkResult` usage conditions (by @ahmdammarr).
+
+## 8.4.32
+
+- Fixed `postcss().process()` types (by Andrew Ferreira).
+
+## 8.4.31
+
+- Fixed `\r` parsing to fix CVE-2023-44270.
+
+## 8.4.30
+
+- Improved source map performance (by Romain Menke).
+
+## 8.4.29
+
+- Fixed `Node#source.offset` (by Ido Rosenthal).
+- Fixed docs (by Christian Oliff).
+
+## 8.4.28
+
+- Fixed `Root.source.end` for better source map (by Romain Menke).
+- Fixed `Result.root` types when `process()` has no parser.
+
+## 8.4.27
+
+- Fixed `Container` clone methods types.
+
+## 8.4.26
+
+- Fixed clone methods types.
+
+## 8.4.25
+
+- Improve stringify performance (by Romain Menke).
+- Fixed docs (by @vikaskaliramna07).
+
+## 8.4.24
+
+- Fixed `Plugin` types.
+
+## 8.4.23
+
+- Fixed warnings in TypeDoc.
+
+## 8.4.22
+
+- Fixed TypeScript support with `node16` (by Remco Haszing).
+
+## 8.4.21
+
+- Fixed `Input#error` types (by Aleks Hudochenkov).
+
+## 8.4.20
+
+- Fixed source map generation for childless at-rules like `@layer`.
+
+## 8.4.19
+
+- Fixed whitespace preserving after AST transformations (by Romain Menke).
+
+## 8.4.18
+
+- Fixed an error on `absolute: true` with empty `sourceContent` (by Rene Haas).
+
+## 8.4.17
+
+- Fixed `Node.before()` unexpected behavior (by Romain Menke).
+- Added TOC to docs (by Mikhail Dedov).
+
+## 8.4.16
+
+- Fixed `Root` AST migration.
+
+## 8.4.15
+
+- Fixed AST normalization after using custom parser with old PostCSS AST.
+
+## 8.4.14
+
+- Print “old plugin API” warning only if plugin was used (by @zardoy).
+
+## 8.4.13
+
+- Fixed `append()` error after using `.parent` (by Jordan Pittman).
+
+## 8.4.12
+
+- Fixed `package.funding` to have same value between all PostCSS packages.
+
+## 8.4.11
+
+- Fixed `Declaration#raws.value` type.
+
+## 8.4.10
+
+- Fixed `package.funding` URL format.
+
+## 8.4.9
+
+- Fixed `package.funding` (by Álvaro Mondéjar).
+
+## 8.4.8
+
+- Fixed end position in empty Custom Properties.
+
+## 8.4.7
+
+- Fixed `Node#warn()` type (by Masafumi Koba).
+- Fixed comment removal in values after `,`.
+
+## 8.4.6
+
+- Prevented comment removing when it change meaning of CSS.
+- Fixed parsing space in last semicolon-less CSS Custom Properties.
+- Fixed comment cleaning in CSS Custom Properties with space.
+- Fixed throwing an error on `.root` access for plugin-less case.
+
+## 8.4.5
+
+- Fixed `raws` types to make object extendable (by James Garbutt).
+- Moved from Yarn 1 to pnpm.
+
+## 8.4.4
+
+- Fixed absolute path in source map on zero plugins mode.
+
+## 8.4.3
+
+- Fixed `this.css.replace is not a function` error.
+
+## 8.4.2
+
+- Fixed previous source map support in zero plugins mode.
+
+## 8.4.1
+
+- Fixed `Stringifier` types (by James Garbutt).
+
+## 8.4 “President Camio”
+
+- Added ranges for errors and warnings (by Adaline Valentina Simonian).
+- Added `Stringifier` types (by James Garbutt).
+- Added `Processor` types.
+- Removed `PostCSS does nothing` warning by lazy parser (Bogdan Dolin).
+- Fixed `Node#walkRules()` types (by Aleks Hudochenkov).
+- Fixed types `Root` and `Document` in result values (by James Garbutt).
+- Reduced npm install size by 0.5 MB.
+- Moved tests from Jest to `uvu` (by Andrey Kim).
+- Fixed docs (by Paul Shryock).
+
+## 8.3.11
+
+- Remove debugging code.
+
+## 8.3.10
+
+- Fixed `Maximum call stack` issue of some source maps (by Yeting Li).
+
+## 8.3.9
+
+- Replaced `nanocolors` to `picocolors`.
+- Reduced package size.
+
+## 8.3.8
+
+- Update `nanocolors`.
+
+## 8.3.7
+
+- Replaced `colorette` to `nanocolors`.
+- Added bug field to `package.json` (by Christian Oliff).
+- Improved docs (by Andrew Bruce and Paul Shryock).
+
+## 8.3.6
+
+- Fixed column in `missed semicolon` error (by @Gusted).
+
+## 8.3.5
+
+- Fixed broken AST detection.
+
+## 8.3.4
+
+- Fixed broken AST detection.
+
+## 8.3.3
+
+- Fixed broken AST on `postcss` dependency duplication in custom parsers.
+
+## 8.3.2
+
+- Update changelog.
+
+## 8.3.1
+
+- Fixed false positives `PostCSS does nothing` warning on `syntax` option.
+
+## 8.3 “Duke Murmur”
+
+- Added `Node#assign()` shortcut (by Jonathan Neal).
+- Added experimental `Document` node to AST (by Aleks Hudochenkov).
+- Moved to faster fork of `source-map` (by Valentin Semirulnik).
+
+## 8.2.15
+
+- Fixed `list` type definitions (by @n19htz).
+
+## 8.2.14
+
+- Removed `source-map` from client-side bundle (by Barak Igal).
+
+## 8.2.13
+
+- Fixed ReDoS vulnerabilities in source map parsing (by Yeting Li).
+
+## 8.2.12
+
+- Fixed `package.json` exports.
+
+## 8.2.11
+
+- Fixed `DEP0148` warning in Node.js 16.
+- Fixed docs (by @semiromid).
+
+## 8.2.10
+
+- Fixed ReDoS vulnerabilities in source map parsing.
+- Fixed webpack 5 support (by Barak Igal).
+- Fixed docs (by Roeland Moors).
+
+## 8.2.9
+
+- Exported `NodeErrorOptions` type (by Rouven Weßling).
+
+## 8.2.8
+
+- Fixed browser builds in webpack 4 (by Matt Jones).
+
+## 8.2.7
+
+- Fixed browser builds in webpack 5 (by Matt Jones).
+
+## 8.2.6
+
+- Fixed `Maximum call stack size exceeded` in `Node#toJSON`.
+- Fixed docs (by inokawa).
+
+## 8.2.5
+
+- Fixed escaped characters handling in `list.split` (by Natalie Weizenbaum).
+
+## 8.2.4
+
+- Added plugin name to `postcss.plugin()` warning (by Tom Williams).
+- Fixed docs (by Bill Columbia).
+
+## 8.2.3
+
+- Fixed `JSON.stringify(Node[])` support (by Niklas Mischkulnig).
+
+## 8.2.2
+
+- Fixed CSS-in-JS support (by James Garbutt).
+- Fixed plugin types (by Ludovico Fischer).
+- Fixed `Result#warn()` types.
+
+## 8.2.1
+
+- Fixed `Node#toJSON()` and `postcss.fromJSON()` (by Niklas Mischkulnig).
+
+## 8.2 “Prince Orobas”
+
+- Added `Node#toJSON()` and `postcss.fromJSON()` (by Niklas Mischkulnig).
+
+## 8.1.14
+
+- Fixed parser performance regression.
+
+## 8.1.13
+
+- Fixed broken AST after moving nodes in visitor API.
+
+## 8.1.12
+
+- Fixed Autoprefixer regression.
+
+## 8.1.11
+
+- Added PostCSS update suggestion on unknown event in plugin.
+
+## 8.1.10
+
+- Fixed `LazyResult` type export (by Evan You).
+- Fixed `LazyResult` type compatibility with `Promise` (by Anton Kastritskiy).
+
+## 8.1.9
+
+- Reduced dependencies number (by Bogdan Chadkin).
+
+## 8.1.8
+
+- Fixed `LazyResult` type compatibility with `Promise` (by Ludovico Fischer).
+- Fixed HTTPS links in documentation.
+
+## 8.1.7
+
+- Fixed `import` support in TypeScript (by Remco Haszing).
+
+## 8.1.6
+
+- Reverted `package.exports` Node.js 15 fix.
+
+## 8.1.5
+
+- Fixed Node.js 15 warning (by 沈鸿飞).
+
+## 8.1.4
+
+- Fixed TypeScript definition (by Arthur Petrie).
+
+## 8.1.3
+
+- Added `package.types`.
+
+## 8.1.2
+
+- Fixed API docs (by Arthur Petrie).
+- Improved plugin guide (by Yunus Gaziev).
+- Prepared code base for Deno support (by Oscar Otero).
+
+## 8.1.1
+
+- Updated funding link.
+
+## 8.1 “Duke Gemory”
+
+- Added `Once` and `OnceExit` events.
+- Fixed `Root` and `RootExit` events re-visiting.
+- Fixed node re-visiting on deep children changes.
+- Added docs for visitor API events.
+
+## 8.0.9
+
+- Replace prototype in PostCSS 7 nodes instead of recreating them.
+- Added missed `Transformer` to exported types (by Pierre-Marie Dartus).
+
+## 8.0.8
+
+- Fix `8.0.7` regression on PostCSS 7 nodes converting (by Adam Wathan).
+
+## 8.0.7
+
+- Fixed compatibility issue with mixin AST with PostCSS 7 and 8 nodes.
+- Added migration guide translation to Chinese to the warning.
+
+## 8.0.6
+
+- Fixed child adding methods in `Container`.
+
+## 8.0.5
+
+- Update changelog.
+
+## 8.0.4
+
+- Fixed `Cannot read property 'line' of null` error.
+- Fixed source map support for declarations.
+
+## 8.0.3
+
+- Fixed client-side bundling support.
+
+## 8.0.2
+
+- Fixed plugin packs support.
+
+## 8.0.1
+
+- Updated `Processor#version`.
+
+## 8.0 “President Ose”
+
+- Removed support for Node.js 6.x, 8.x, 11.x, and 13.x versions.
+- Removed `postcss.vendor` helpers.
+- Deprecated `postcss.plugin()` API.
+- Treats `sourceMap.sources` as URL instead of file path.
+- Plugins and runners must have `postcss` in `peerDependencies`.
+- Prohibited to extend PostCSS AST classes.
+- Moved from JSDoc to TypeDoc.
+- Moved unknown source from counter to random IDs.
+- Added visitor API for plugins (by Alexey Bondarenko).
+- Added ES modules support.
+- Added named exports for public classes `const { Rule } = require('postcss)`.
+- Added `position.url` to `Node#origin()` result.
+- Added `opts.maps.absolute = true` option.
+- Added `opts.maps.annotation = (file, root) => url` option support.
+- Added `Node#source.offset` (by Ayaz Zaynutdinov).
+- Added `Declaration#variable`.
+- Added JSON source map support.
+- Added index source map support.
+- Added `Declaration#value` auto-converting to string.
+- Fixed parsing `{}` in at-rule parameters.
+- Fixed parsing empty Custom Properties. `--foo: ;` will have ` ` value.
+- Fixed building PostCSS with Rollup (by MapGrid).
+- Fixed TypeScript types.
+- Fixed source map relative paths.
+- Fixed calling `replaceWith` with input replaced node (by Joseph Kaptur).
+- Improved “Writing a PostCSS Plugin” docs (by Alexey Bondarenko).
+- Removed Babel from the project’s release process.
+- Removed docs from npm package.
+- Replaced `chalk` to `colorette`.
+
+## 7.0.38
+
+- Update `Processor#version`.
+
+## 7.0.37
+
+- Backport `chalk` to `nanocolors` migration.
+
+## 7.0.36
+
+- Backport ReDoS vulnerabilities from PostCSS 8.
+
+## 7.0.35
+
+- Add migration guide link to PostCSS 8 error text.
+
+## 7.0.34
+
+- Fix compatibility with `postcss-scss` 2.
+
+## 7.0.33
+
+- Add error message for PostCSS 8 plugins.
+
+## 7.0.32
+
+- Fix error message (by @admosity).
+
+## 7.0.31
+
+- Use only the latest source map annotation (by Emmanouil Zoumpoulakis).
+
+## 7.0.30
+
+- Fix TypeScript definition (by Natalie Weizenbaum).
+
+## 7.0.29
+
+- Update `Processor#version`.
+
+## 7.0.28
+
+- Fix TypeScript definition (by Natalie Weizenbaum).
+
+## 7.0.27
+
+- Fix TypeScript definition (by Natalie Weizenbaum).
+
+## 7.0.26
+
+- Fix TypeScript definition (by Natalie Weizenbaum).
+
+## 7.0.25
+
+- Fix absolute path support for Windows (by Tom Raviv).
+
+## 7.0.24
+
+- Fix TypeScript definition (by Keith Cirkel).
+
+## 7.0.23
+
+- Update `Processor#version`.
+
+## 7.0.22
+
+- Add funding link for `npm fund`.
+
+## 7.0.21
+
+- Revert passing `nodes` property to node constructor.
+
+## 7.0.20
+
+- Allow to pass PostCSS’s nodes in `nodes` property to node constructor.
+
+## 7.0.19
+
+- Fix passing `nodes` property to node constructor.
+
+## 7.0.18
+
+- Fix TypeScript type definitions (by Jan Buschtöns).
+
+## 7.0.17
+
+- Fix TypeScript type definitions (by Bob Matcuk and Jan Buschtöns).
+
+## 7.0.16
+
+- Revert Custom Properties fix until PostCSS 8.0.
+
+## 7.0.15
+
+- Fix Custom Properties support (by Ivan Solovev).
+
+## 7.0.14
+
+- Fix tokenizer for `postcss-less` (by Matt Lyons).
+
+## 7.0.13
+
+- Fix parsing regression in 7.0.12 for comments between property and value.
+
+## 7.0.12
+
+- Fix parsing broken CSS with two words in declaration property.
+
+## 7.0.11
+
+- Fix source maps on declaration semicolon (by Niklas Mischkulnig).
+
+## 7.0.10
+
+- Fix source maps (by Niklas Mischkulnig).
+
+## 7.0.9
+
+- Increase stringifing performance for non-raws AST.
+
+## 7.0.8
+
+- Fix TypeScript definitions (by Ankur Oberoi).
+- Use `support-colors` 6.0.
+
+## 7.0.7
+
+- Extend `Error` in `CssSyntaxError`.
+
+## 7.0.6
+
+- Fix parsing files with BOM (by Veniamin Krol).
+
+## 7.0.5
+
+- Reduce npm package size (by Gilad Peleg).
+
+## 7.0.4
+
+- Fix safe parser regression.
+
+## 7.0.3
+
+- Fix tokenizer extendability (by Andrew Powell).
+- Reduce npm package size.
+
+## 7.0.2
+
+- Fix warning text (by Rui Pedro M Lima).
+
+## 7.0.1
+
+- Fix JSDoc (by Steven Lambert).
+
+## 7.0 “President Amy”
+
+- Remove Node.js 9 and Node.js 4 support.
+- Remove IE and “dead” browsers support for client-side Babel transpiling.
+- Add CSS position on error happened inside `walk()` (by Nikhil Gaba).
+- Add `LazyResult#finally` (by Igor Kamyshev).
+- Add warning on calling PostCSS without plugins and syntax options.
+- Reduce client-side size.
+
+## 6.0.23
+
+- Fix parsing nested at-rules without semicolon, params, and spaces.
+- Fix docs (by Kevin Schiffer and Pat Cavit).
+
+## 6.0.22
+
+- Fix `Node#prev` and `Node#next` on missed parent.
+
+## 6.0.21
+
+- Rename Chinese docs to fix `yarnpkg.com` issue.
+
+## 6.0.20
+
+- Better error message on `null` as input CSS.
+
+## 6.0.19
+
+- Fix TypeScript definitions for source maps (by Oleh Kuchuk).
+- Fix `source` field in TypeScript definitions (by Sylvain Pollet-Villard).
+
+## 6.0.18
+
+- Use primitive object in TypeScript definitions (by Sylvain Pollet-Villard).
+
+## 6.0.17
+
+- Fix parsing comment in selector between word tokens (by Oleh Kuchuk).
+
+## 6.0.16
+
+- Fix warning text (by Michael Keller).
+
+## 6.0.15
+
+- Add warning about missed `from` option on `process().then()` call.
+- Add IE 10 support.
+
+## 6.0.14
+
+- Fix TypeScript definitions (by Jed Mao).
+
+## 6.0.13
+
+- Fix TypeScript definitions for case of multiple PostCSS versions
+  in `node_modules` (by Chris Eppstein).
+- Use `source-map` 0.6.
+
+## 6.0.12
+
+- Don’t copy `*` hack to declaration indent.
+
+## 6.0.11
+
+- Add upper case `!IMPORTANT` support.
+
+## 6.0.10
+
+- Reduce PostCSS size in webpack bundle.
+
+## 6.0.9
+
+- Improve error message for plugin with old PostCSS (by Igor Adamenko).
+
+## 6.0.8
+
+- Fix Node.js 4.2.2 support.
+
+## 6.0.7
+
+- Fix base64 decoding for old Node.js and browser.
+
+## 6.0.6
+
+- Fix `end` position in at-rule without semicolon (by Oleh Kuchuk).
+
+## 6.0.5
+
+- Move Babel config from `package.json` for `node_modules` compiling cases.
+
+## 6.0.4
+
+- Fix parsing `;;` after rules.
+- Use Chalk 2.0.
+
+## 6.0.3
+
+- Fix escape sequences parsing (by Oleh Kuchuk).
+- Added ability to force disable colors with an environment variable.
+- Improved color detection of some terminal apps.
+
+## 6.0.2
+
+- Keep `raws.before` on moving `Root` children to new `Root`.
+
+## 6.0.1
+
+- Fix parser extensibility to use it in Safe Parser.
+
+## 6.0 “Marquis Orias”
+
+- Remove node.js 0.12 support.
+- Remove deprecated method from PostCSS 4.
+- Insert methods remove child from previous parent, instead of closing.
+- Insert methods and cloning doesn’t clean `raws` anymore.
+- Methods `moveTo`, `moveAfter`, `moveBefore` were deprecated.
+- Options was changed in `Plugin#process(css, processOptions, pluginOptions)`.
+- Add stream parser to reduce memory usage (by Oleh Kuchuk).
+- Add `before()`/`after()` shortcuts for `node.parent.insertBefore(node, x)`.
+- Add `Rule#raws.ownSemicolon` for semicolon after templates for `@apply`.
+- Use `babel-preset-env` to compile npm package.
+- Remove `js-base64` from dependencies (by Roman Dvornov).
+- Fix error message on single `:` in CSS.
+- Move tests to Jest.
+- Clean up test (by Gabriel Kalani).
+
+## 5.2.18
+
+- Fix TypeScript definitions for case of multiple PostCSS versions
+  in `node_modules` (by Chris Eppstein).
+
+## 5.2.17
+
+- Add `postcss-sass` suggestion to syntax error on `.sass` input.
+
+## 5.2.16
+
+- Better error on wrong argument in node constructor.
+
+## 5.2.15
+
+- Fix TypeScript definitions (by bumbleblym).
+
+## 5.2.14
+
+- Fix browser bundle building in webpack (by janschoenherr).
+
+## 5.2.13
+
+- Do not add comment to important raws.
+- Fix JSDoc (by Dmitry Semigradsky).
+
+## 5.2.12
+
+- Fix typo in deprecation message (by Garet McKinley).
+
+## 5.2.11
+
+- Fix TypeScript definitions (by Jed Mao).
+
+## 5.2.10
+
+- Fix TypeScript definitions (by Jed Mao).
+
+## 5.2.9
+
+- Update TypeScript definitions (by Jed Mao).
+
+## 5.2.8
+
+- Fix error message (by Ben Briggs).
+
+## 5.2.7
+
+- Better error message on syntax object in plugins list.
+
+## 5.2.6
+
+- Fix `postcss.vendor` for values with spaces (by 刘祺).
+
+## 5.2.5
+
+- Better error message on unclosed string (by Ben Briggs).
+
+## 5.2.4
+
+- Improve terminal CSS syntax highlight (by Simon Lydell).
+
+## 5.2.3
+
+- Better color highlight in syntax error code frame.
+- Fix color highlight support in old systems.
+
+## 5.2.2
+
+- Update `Processor#version`.
+
+## 5.2.1
+
+- Fix source map path for CSS without `from` option (by Michele Locati).
+
+## 5.2 “Duke Vapula”
+
+- Add syntax highlight to code frame in syntax error (by Andrey Popp).
+- Use Babel code frame style and size in syntax error.
+- Add `[` and `]` tokens to parse `[attr=;] {}` correctly.
+- Add `ignoreErrors` options to tokenizer (by Andrey Popp).
+- Fix error position on tab indent (by Simon Lydell).
+
+## 5.1.2
+
+- Suggests SCSS/Less parsers on parse errors depends on file extension.
+
+## 5.1.1
+
+- Fix TypeScript definitions (by Efremov Alexey).
+
+## 5.1 “King and President Zagan”
+
+- Add URI in source map support (by Mark Finger).
+- Add `map.from` option (by Mark Finger).
+- Add `<no source>` mappings for nodes without source (by Bogdan Chadkin).
+- Add function value support to `map.prev` option (by Chris Montoro).
+- Add declaration value type check in shortcut creating (by 刘祺).
+- `Result#warn` now returns new created warning.
+- Don’t call plugin creator in `postcss.plugin` call.
+- Add source maps to PostCSS ES5 build.
+- Add JSDoc to PostCSS classes.
+- Clean npm package from unnecessary docs.
+
+## 5.0.21
+
+- Fix support with input source mao with `utf8` encoding name.
+
+## 5.0.20
+
+- Fix between raw value parsing (by David Clark).
+- Update TypeScript definitions (by Jed Mao).
+- Clean fake node.source after `append(string)`.
+
+## 5.0.19
+
+- Fix indent-based syntaxes support.
+
+## 5.0.18
+
+- Parse new lines according W3C CSS syntax specification.
+
+## 5.0.17
+
+- Fix options argument in `Node#warn` (by Ben Briggs).
+- Fix TypeScript definitions (by Jed Mao).
+
+## 5.0.16
+
+- Fix CSS syntax error position on unclosed quotes.
+
+## 5.0.15
+
+- Fix `Node#clone()` on `null` value somewhere in node.
+
+## 5.0.14
+
+- Allow to use PostCSS in webpack bundle without JSON loader.
+
+## 5.0.13
+
+- Fix `index` and `word` options in `Warning#toString` (by Bogdan Chadkin).
+- Fix input source content loading in errors.
+- Fix map options on using `LazyResult` as input CSS.
+- 100% test coverage.
+- Use Babel 6.
+
+## 5.0.12
+
+- Allow passing a previous map with no mappings (by Andreas Lind).
+
+## 5.0.11
+
+- Increase plugins performance by 1.5 times.
+
+## 5.0.10
+
+- Fix warning from nodes without source.
+
+## 5.0.9
+
+- Fix source map type detection (by @asan).
+
+## 5.0.8
+
+- Fixed a missed step in `5.0.7` that caused the module to be published as
+  ES6 code.
+
+## 5.0.7
+
+- PostCSS now requires that node 0.12 is installed via the engines property
+  in package.json (by Howard Zuo).
+
+## 5.0.6
+
+- Fix parsing nested at-rule without semicolon (by Matt Drake).
+- Trim `Declaration#value` (by Bogdan Chadkin).
+
+## 5.0.5
+
+- Fix multi-tokens property parsing (by Matt Drake).
+
+## 5.0.4
+
+- Fix start position in `Root#source`.
+- Fix source map annotation, when CSS uses `\r\n` (by Mohammad Younes).
+
+## 5.0.3
+
+- Fix `url()` parsing.
+- Fix using `selectors` in `Rule` constructor.
+- Add start source to `Root` node.
+
+## 5.0.2
+
+- Fix `remove(index)` to be compatible with 4.x plugin.
+
+## 5.0.1
+
+- Fix PostCSS 4.x plugins compatibility.
+- Fix type definition loading (by Jed Mao).
+
+## 5.0 “President Valac”
+
+- Remove `safe` option. Move Safe Parser to separate project.
+- `Node#toString` does not include `before` for root nodes.
+- Remove plugin returning `Root` API.
+- Remove Promise polyfill for node.js 0.10.
+- Deprecate `eachInside`, `eachDecl`, `eachRule`, `eachAtRule` and `eachComment`
+  in favor of `walk`, `walkDecls`, `walkRules`, `walkAtRules` and `walkComments`
+  (by Jed Mao).
+- Deprecate `Container#remove` and `Node#removeSelf`
+  in favor of `Container#removeChild` and `Node#remove` (by Ben Briggs).
+- Deprecate `Node#replace` in favor of `replaceWith` (by Ben Briggs).
+- Deprecate raw properties in favor of `Node#raws` object.
+- Deprecate `Node#style` in favor of `raw`.
+- Deprecate `CssSyntaxError#generated` in favor of `input`.
+- Deprecate `Node#cleanStyles` in favor of `cleanRaws`.
+- Deprecate `Root#prevMap` in favor of `Root.source.input.map`.
+- Add `syntax`, `parser` and `stringifier` options for Custom Syntaxes.
+- Add stringifier option to `Node#toString`.
+- Add `Result#content` alias for non-CSS syntaxes.
+- Add `plugin.process(css)` shortcut to every plugin function (by Ben Briggs).
+- Add multiple nodes support to insert methods (by Jonathan Neal).
+- Add `Node#warn` shortcut (by Ben Briggs).
+- Add `word` and `index` options to errors and warnings (by David Clark).
+- Add `line`, `column` properties to `Warning`.
+- Use `supports-color` library to detect color support in error output.
+- Add type definitions for TypeScript plugin developers (by Jed Mao).
+- `Rule#selectors` setter detects separators.
+- Add `postcss.stringify` method.
+- Throw descriptive errors for incorrectly formatted plugins.
+- Add docs to npm release.
+- Fix `url()` parsing.
+- Fix Windows support (by Jed Mao).
+
+## 4.1.16
+
+- Fix errors without stack trace.
+
+## 4.1.15
+
+- Allow asynchronous plugins to change processor plugins list (by Ben Briggs).
+
+## 4.1.14
+
+- Fix for plugins packs defined by `postcss.plugin`.
+
+## 4.1.13
+
+- Fix input inlined source maps with UTF-8 encoding.
+
+## 4.1.12
+
+- Update Promise polyfill.
+
+## 4.1.11
+
+- Fix error message on wrong plugin format.
+
+## 4.1.10
+
+- Fix Promise behavior on sync plugin errors.
+- Automatically fill `plugin` field in `CssSyntaxError`.
+- Fix warning message (by Ben Briggs).
+
+## 4.1.9
+
+- Speed up `node.clone()`.
+
+## 4.1.8
+
+- Accepts `Processor` instance in `postcss()` constructor too.
+
+## 4.1.7
+
+- Speed up `postcss.list` (by Bogdan Chadkin).
+
+## 4.1.6
+
+- Fix Promise behavior on parsing error.
+
+## 4.1.5
+
+- Parse at-words in declaration values.
+
+## 4.1.4
+
+- Fix Promise polyfill dependency (by Anton Yakushev and Matija Marohnić).
+
+## 4.1.3
+
+- Add Promise polyfill for node.js 0.10 and IE.
+
+## 4.1.2
+
+- List helpers can be accessed independently `var space = postcss.list.space`.
+
+## 4.1.1
+
+- Show deprecated message only once.
+
+## 4.1 “Marquis Andras”
+
+- Asynchronous plugin support.
+- Add warnings from plugins and `Result#messages`.
+- Add `postcss.plugin()` to create plugins with a standard API.
+- Insert nodes by CSS string.
+- Show version warning message on error from an outdated plugin.
+- Send `Result` instance to plugins as the second argument.
+- Add `CssSyntaxError#plugin`.
+- Add `CssSyntaxError#showSourceCode()`.
+- Add `postcss.list` and `postcss.vendor` aliases.
+- Add `Processor#version`.
+- Parse wrong closing bracket.
+- Parse `!important` statement with spaces and comments inside (by Ben Briggs).
+- Throw an error on declaration without `prop` or `value` (by Philip Peterson).
+- Fix source map mappings position.
+- Add indexed source map support.
+- Always set `error.generated`.
+- Clean all source map annotation comments.
+
+## 4.0.6
+
+- Remove `babel` from released package dependencies (by Andres Suarez).
+
+## 4.0.5
+
+- Fix error message on double colon in declaration.
+
+## 4.0.4
+
+- Fix indent detection in some rare cases.
+
+## 4.0.3
+
+- Faster API with 6to5 Loose mode.
+- Fix indexed source maps support.
+
+## 4.0.2
+
+- Do not copy IE hacks to code style.
+
+## 4.0.1
+
+- Add `source.input` to `Root` too.
+
+## 4.0 “Duke Flauros”
+
+- Rename `Container#childs` to `nodes`.
+- Rename `PostCSS#processors` to `plugins`.
+- Add `Node#replaceValues()` method.
+- Add `Node#moveTo()`, `moveBefore()` and `moveAfter()` methods.
+- Add `Node#cloneBefore()` and `cloneAfter()` shortcuts.
+- Add `Node#next()`, `prev()` and `root()` shortcuts.
+- Add `Node#replaceWith()` method.
+- Add `Node#error()` method.
+- Add `Container#removeAll()` method.
+- Add filter argument to `eachDecl()` and `eachAtRule()`.
+- Add `Node#source.input` and move `source.file` or `source.id` to `input`.
+- Change code indent, when node was moved.
+- Better fix code style on `Rule`, `AtRule` and `Comment` nodes changes.
+- Allow to create rules and at-rules by hash shortcut in append methods.
+- Add class name to CSS syntax error output.
+
+## 3.0.7
+
+- Fix IE filter parsing with multiple commands.
+- Safer way to consume PostCSS object as plugin (by Maxime Thirouin).
+
+## 3.0.6
+
+- Fix missing semicolon when comment comes after last declaration.
+- Fix Safe Mode declaration parsing on unclosed blocks.
+
+## 3.0.5
+
+- Fix parser to support difficult cases with backslash escape and brackets.
+- Add `CssSyntaxError#stack` (by Maxime Thirouin).
+
+## 3.0.4
+
+- Fix Safe Mode on unknown word before declaration.
+
+## 3.0.3
+
+- Increase tokenizer speed (by Roman Dvornov).
+
+## 3.0.2
+
+- Fix empty comment parsing.
+- Fix `Root#normalize` in some inserts.
+
+## 3.0.1
+
+- Fix Rhino JS runtime support.
+- Typo in deprecated warning (by Maxime Thirouin).
+
+## 3.0 “Marquis Andrealphus”
+
+- New parser, which become the fastest ever CSS parser written in JavaScript.
+- Parser can now parse declarations and rules in one parent (like in `@page`)
+  and nested declarations for plugins like `postcss-nested`.
+- Child nodes array is now in `childs` property, instead of `decls` and `rules`.
+- `map.inline` and `map.sourcesContent` options are now `true` by default.
+- Fix iterators (`each`, `insertAfter`) on children array changes.
+- Use previous source map to show origin source of CSS syntax error.
+- Use 6to5 ES6 compiler, instead of ES6 Transpiler.
+- Use code style for manually added rules from existing rules.
+- Use `from` option from previous source map `file` field.
+- Set `to` value to `from` if `to` option is missing.
+- Use better node source name when missing `from` option.
+- Show a syntax error when `;` is missed between declarations.
+- Allow to pass `PostCSS` instance or list of plugins to `use()` method.
+- Allow to pass `Result` instance to `process()` method.
+- Trim Unicode BOM on source maps parsing.
+- Parse at-rules without spaces like `@import"file"`.
+- Better previous `sourceMappingURL` annotation comment cleaning.
+- Do not remove previous `sourceMappingURL` comment on `map.annotation: false`.
+- Parse nameless at-rules in Safe Mode.
+- Fix source map generation for nodes without source.
+- Fix next child `before` if `Root` first child got removed.
+
+## 2.2.6
+
+- Fix map generation for nodes without source (by Josiah Savary).
+
+## 2.2.5
+
+- Fix source map with BOM marker support (by Mohammad Younes).
+- Fix source map paths (by Mohammad Younes).
+
+## 2.2.4
+
+- Fix `prepend()` on empty `Root`.
+
+## 2.2.3
+
+- Allow to use object shortcut in `use()` with functions like `autoprefixer`.
+
+## 2.2.2
+
+- Add shortcut to set processors in `use()` via object with `.postcss` property.
+
+## 2.2.1
+
+- Send `opts` from `Processor#process(css, opts)` to processors.
+
+## 2.2 “Marquis Cimeies”
+
+- Use GNU style syntax error messages.
+- Add `Node#replace` method.
+- Add `CssSyntaxError#reason` property.
+
+## 2.1.2
+
+- Fix UTF-8 support in inline source map.
+- Fix source map `sourcesContent` if there is no `from` and `to` options.
+
+## 2.1.1
+
+- Allow to miss `to` and `from` options for inline source maps.
+- Add `Node#source.id` if file name is unknown.
+- Better detect splitter between rules in CSS concatenation tools.
+- Automatically clone node in insert methods.
+
+## 2.1 “King Amdusias”
+
+- Change Traceur ES6 compiler to ES6 Transpiler.
+- Show broken CSS line in syntax error.
+
+## 2.0 “King Belial”
+
+- Project was rewritten from CoffeeScript to ES6.
+- Add Safe Mode to works with live input or with hacks from legacy code.
+- More safer parser to pass all hacks from Browserhacks.com.
+- Use real properties instead of magic getter/setter for raw properties.
+
+## 1.0 “Marquis Decarabia”
+
+- Save previous source map for each node to support CSS concatenation
+  with multiple previous maps.
+- Add `map.sourcesContent` option to add origin content to `sourcesContent`
+  inside map.
+- Allow to set different place of output map in annotation comment.
+- Allow to use arrays and `Root` in `Container#append` and same methods.
+- Add `Root#prevMap` with information about previous map.
+- Allow to use latest PostCSS from GitHub by npm.
+- `Result` now is lazy and it will generate output CSS only if you use `css`
+  or `map` property.
+- Use separated `map.prev` option to set previous map.
+- Rename `inlineMap` option to `map.inline`.
+- Rename `mapAnnotation` option to `map.annotation`.
+- `Result#map` now return `SourceMapGenerator` object, instead of string.
+- Run previous map autodetect only if input CSS contains annotation comment.
+- Add `map: 'inline'` shortcut for `map: { inline: true }` option.
+- `Node#source.file` now will contains absolute path.
+- Clean `Declaration#between` style on node clone.
+
+## 0.3.5
+
+- Allow to use `Root` or `Result` as first argument in `process()`.
+- Save parsed AST to `Result#root`.
+
+## 0.3.4
+
+- Better space symbol detect to read UTF-8 BOM correctly.
+
+## 0.3.3
+
+- Remove source map hacks by using new Mozilla’s `source-map` (by Simon Lydell).
+
+## 0.3.2
+
+- Add URI encoding support for inline source maps.
+
+## 0.3.1
+
+- Fix relative paths from previous source map.
+- Safer space split in `Rule#selectors` (by Simon Lydell).
+
+## 0.3 “Prince Seere”
+
+- Add `Comment` node for comments between declarations or rules.
+- Add source map annotation comment to output CSS.
+- Allow to inline source map to annotation comment by data:uri.
+- Fix source maps on Windows.
+- Fix source maps for subdirectory (by Dmitry Nikitenko and Simon Lydell).
+- Autodetect previous source map.
+- Add `first` and `last` shortcuts to container nodes.
+- Parse `!important` to separated property in `Declaration`.
+- Allow to break iteration by returning `false`.
+- Copy code style to new nodes.
+- Add `eachInside` method to recursively iterate all nodes.
+- Add `selectors` shortcut to get selectors array.
+- Add `toResult` method to `Rule` to simplify work with several input files.
+- Clean declaration’s `value`, rule’s `selector` and at-rule’s `params`
+  by storing spaces in `between` property.
+
+## 0.2 “Duke Dantalion”
+
+- Add source map support.
+- Add shortcuts to create nodes.
+- Method `process()` now returns object with `css` and `map` keys.
+- Origin CSS file option was renamed from `file` to `from`.
+- Rename `Node#remove()` method to `removeSelf()` to fix name conflict.
+- Node source was moved to `source` property with origin file
+  and node end position.
+- You can set own CSS generate function.
+
+## 0.1 “Count Andromalius”
+
+- Initial release.
diff --git a/ChangeLog.md b/ChangeLog.md
deleted file mode 100644
index 1e89eab0f..000000000
--- a/ChangeLog.md
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,190 +0,0 @@
-## 4.0.4
-* Fix indent detection in some rare cases.
-
-## 4.0.3
-* Faster API with 6to5 Loose mode.
-* Fix indexed source maps support.
-
-## 4.0.2
-* Do not copy IE hacks to code style.
-
-## 4.0.1
-* Add `source.input` to `Root` too.
-
-## 4.0 “Duke Flauros”
-* Rename `Container#childs` to `nodes`.
-* Rename `PostCSS#processors` to `plugins`.
-* Add `Node#replaceValues()` method.
-* Add `Node#moveTo()`, `moveBefore()` and `moveAfter()` methods.
-* Add `Node#cloneBefore()` and `cloneAfter()` shortcuts.
-* Add `Node#next()`, `prev()` and `root()` shorcuts.
-* Add `Node#replaceWith()` method.
-* Add `Node#error()` method.
-* Add `Container#removeAll()` method.
-* Add filter argument to `eachDecl()` and `eachAtRule()`.
-* Add `Node#source.input` and move `source.file` or `source.id` to `input`.
-* Change code indent, when node was moved.
-* Better fix code style on `Rule`, `AtRule` and `Comment` nodes changes.
-* Allow to create rules and at-rules by hash shortcut in append methods.
-* Add class name to CSS syntax error output.
-
-## 3.0.7
-* Fix IE filter parsing with multiple commands.
-* Safer way to consume PostCSS object as plugin (by Maxime Thirouin).
-
-## 3.0.6
-* Fix missing semicolon when comment comes after last declaration.
-* Fix Safe Mode declaration parsing on unclosed blocks.
-
-## 3.0.5
-* Fix parser to support difficult cases with backslash escape and brackets.
-* Add `CssSyntaxError#stack` (by Maxime Thirouin).
-
-## 3.0.4
-* Fix Safe Mode on unknown word before declaration.
-
-## 3.0.3
-* Increase tokenizer speed (by Roman Dvornov).
-
-## 3.0.2
-* Fix empty comment parsing.
-* Fix `Root#normalize` in some inserts.
-
-## 3.0.1
-* Fix Rhino JS runtime support.
-* Typo in deprecated warning (by Maxime Thirouin).
-
-## 3.0 “Marquis Andrealphus”
-* New parser, which become the fastest ever CSS parser written in JavaScript.
-* Parser can now parse declarations and rules in one parent (like in `@page`)
-  and nested declarations for plugins like `postcss-nested`.
-* Child nodes array is now in `childs` property, instead of `decls` and `rules`.
-* `map.inline` and `map.sourcesContent` options are now `true` by default.
-* Fix iterators (`each`, `insertAfter`) on children array changes.
-* Use previous source map to show origin source of CSS syntax error.
-* Use 6to5 ES6 compiler, instead of ES6 Transpiler.
-* Use code style for manually added rules from existing rules.
-* Use `from` option from previous source map `file` field.
-* Set `to` value to `from` if `to` option is missing.
-* Use better node source name when missing `from` option.
-* Show a syntax error when `;` is missed between declarations.
-* Allow to pass `PostCSS` instance or list of plugins to `use()` method.
-* Allow to pass `Result` instance to `process()` method.
-* Trim Unicode BOM on source maps parsing.
-* Parse at-rules without spaces like `@import"file"`.
-* Better previous `sourceMappingURL` annotation comment cleaning.
-* Do not remove previous `sourceMappingURL` comment on `map.annotation: false`.
-* Parse nameless at-rules in Safe Mode.
-* Fix source map generation for nodes without source.
-* Fix next child `before` if `Root` first child got removed.
-
-## 2.2.6
-* Fix map generation for nodes without source (by Josiah Savary).
-
-## 2.2.5
-* Fix source map with BOM marker support (by Mohammad Younes).
-* Fix source map paths (by Mohammad Younes).
-
-## 2.2.4
-* Fix `prepend()` on empty `Root`.
-
-## 2.2.3
-* Allow to use object shortcut in `use()` with functions like `autoprefixer`.
-
-## 2.2.2
-* Add shortcut to set processors in `use()` via object with `.postcss` property.
-
-## 2.2.1
-* Send `opts` from `Processor#process(css, opts)` to processors.
-
-## 2.2 “Marquis Cimeies”
-* Use GNU style syntax error messages.
-* Add `Node#replace` method.
-* Add `CssSyntaxError#reason` property.
-
-## 2.1.2
-* Fix UTF-8 support in inline source map.
-* Fix source map `sourcesContent` if there is no `from` and `to` options.
-
-## 2.1.1
-* Allow to miss `to` and `from` options for inline source maps.
-* Add `Node#source.id` if file name is unknown.
-* Better detect splitter between rules in CSS concatenation tools.
-* Automatically clone node in insert methods.
-
-## 2.1 “King Amdusias”
-* Change Traceur ES6 compiler to ES6 Transpiler.
-* Show broken CSS line in syntax error.
-
-## 2.0 “King Belial”
-* Project was rewritten from CoffeeScript to ES6.
-* Add Safe Mode to works with live input or with hacks from legacy code.
-* More safer parser to pass all hacks from Browserhacks.com.
-* Use real properties instead of magic getter/setter for raw propeties.
-
-## 1.0 “Marquis Decarabia”
-* Save previous source map for each node to support CSS concatenation
-  with multiple previous maps.
-* Add `map.sourcesContent` option to add origin content to `sourcesContent`
-  inside map.
-* Allow to set different place of output map in annotation comment.
-* Allow to use arrays and `Root` in `Container#append` and same methods.
-* Add `Root#prevMap` with information about previous map.
-* Allow to use latest PostCSS from GitHub by npm.
-* `Result` now is lazy and it will stringify output CSS only if you use `css` or
-  `map` property.
-* Use separated `map.prev` option to set previous map.
-* Rename `inlineMap` option to `map.inline`.
-* Rename `mapAnnotation` option to `map.annotation`.
-* `Result#map` now return `SourceMapGenerator` object, instead of string.
-* Run previous map autodetect only if input CSS contains annotation comment.
-* Add `map: 'inline'` shortcut for `map: { inline: true }` option.
-* `Node#source.file` now will contains absolute path.
-* Clean `Declaration#between` style on node clone.
-
-## 0.3.5
-* Allow to use `Root` or `Result` as first argument in `process()`.
-* Save parsed AST to `Result#root`.
-
-## 0.3.4
-* Better space symbol detect to read UTF-8 BOM correctly.
-
-## 0.3.3
-* Remove source map hacks by using new Mozilla’s `source-map` (by Simon Lydell).
-
-## 0.3.2
-* Add URI encoding support for inline source maps.
-
-## 0.3.1
-* Fix relative paths from previous source map.
-* Safer space split in `Rule#selectors` (by Simon Lydell).
-
-## 0.3 “Prince Seere”
-* Add `Comment` node for comments between declarations or rules.
-* Add source map annotation comment to output CSS.
-* Allow to inline source map to annotation comment by data:uri.
-* Fix source maps on Windows.
-* Fix source maps for styles in subdirectory (by @nDmitry and @lydell).
-* Autodetect previous source map.
-* Add `first` and `last` shortcuts to container nodes.
-* Parse `!important` to separated property in `Declaration`.
-* Allow to break iteration by returning `false`.
-* Copy code style to new nodes.
-* Add `eachInside` method to recursivelly iterate all nodes.
-* Add `selectors` shortcut to get selectors array.
-* Add `toResult` method to `Rule` to simplify work with several input files.
-* Clean declaration’s `value`, rule’s `selector` and at-rule’s `params`
-  by storing spaces in `between` property.
-
-## 0.2 “Duke Dantalion”
-* Add source map support.
-* Add shortcuts to create nodes.
-* Method `process()` now returns object with `css` and `map` keys.
-* Origin CSS file option was renamed from `file` to `from`.
-* Rename `Node#remove()` method to `removeSelf()` to fix name conflict.
-* Node source was moved to `source` property with origin file
-  and node end position.
-* You can set own stringify function.
-
-## 0.1 “Count Andromalius”
-* Initial release.
diff --git a/LICENSE b/LICENSE
index da057b456..c2314d53d 100644
--- a/LICENSE
+++ b/LICENSE
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 The MIT License (MIT)
 
-Copyright 2013 Andrey Sitnik <andrey@sitnik.ru>
+Copyright 2013 Andrey Sitnik <andrey@sitnik.es>
 
 Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy of
 this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal in
diff --git a/README.md b/README.md
index 7b1cd8100..01f715fea 100644
--- a/README.md
+++ b/README.md
@@ -1,440 +1,476 @@
-# PostCSS [![Build Status](https://travis-ci.org/postcss/postcss.svg)](https://travis-ci.org/postcss/postcss) [![Gitter](https://badges.gitter.im/Join Chat.svg)](https://gitter.im/postcss/postcss?utm_source=badge&utm_medium=badge&utm_campaign=pr-badge&utm_content=badge)
+# PostCSS
 
-<img align="right" width="95" height="95" src="http://postcss.github.io/postcss/logo.svg" title="Philosopher’s stone, logo of PostCSS">
+<img align="right" width="95" height="95"
+     alt="Philosopher’s stone, logo of PostCSS"
+     src="https://postcss.org/logo.svg">
 
-PostCSS is a tool for transforming CSS with JS plugins. The growing ecosystem
-of PostCSS plugins can add vendor prefixes, support variables and mixins,
-transpile future CSS syntax, inline images, and more.
+PostCSS is a tool for transforming styles with JS plugins.
+These plugins can lint your CSS, support variables and mixins,
+transpile future CSS syntax, inline images, and more.
 
-PostCSS is used by Google, Twitter, Alibaba, and Shopify.
-Its most popular plugin, [Autoprefixer], is one of the most universally
-praised CSS processors available.
+PostCSS is used by industry leaders including Wikipedia, Twitter, Alibaba,
+and JetBrains. The [Autoprefixer] and [Stylelint] PostCSS plugins are some of the most popular CSS tools.
 
-PostCSS can do the same work as preprocessors like Sass, Less, and Stylus.
-But PostCSS is modular, 4-40x faster, and much more powerful.
+---
 
-PostCSS itself is very small. It includes only a CSS parser,
-a CSS node tree API, a source map generator, and a node tree stringifier.
-All CSS transformations are encapsulated in modular plugins. And these plugins
-are themselves small plain JS functions, which receive a CSS node tree,
-apply transformations to it, and return a modified tree.
+<img src="https://cdn.evilmartians.com/badges/logo-no-label.svg" alt="" width="22" height="16" />  PostCSS is built by <b><a href="https://evilmartians.com/">Evil Martians</a></b>, an American design and engineering consultancy for <b>developer tools, AI, and cybersecurity startups</b>.
 
-You can use the [cssnext] plugin pack and write future CSS code right now:
+---
 
-```css
-:root {
-    --row: 1rem;
-    --mainColor: #ffbbaaff;
-}
+[Abstract Syntax Tree]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abstract_syntax_tree
+[Evil Martians]: https://evilmartians.com/?utm_source=postcss
+[Autoprefixer]: https://github.com/postcss/autoprefixer
+[Stylelint]: https://stylelint.io/
+[plugins]: https://github.com/postcss/postcss#plugins
+
+## Sponsorship
+
+PostCSS needs your support. We are accepting donations
+[at Open Collective](https://opencollective.com/postcss/).
+
+<br>
+<div align="center">
+<a href="https://www.atlascloud.ai/?utm_source=github&utm_medium=link&utm_campaign=postcss">
+  <picture>
+    <source media="(prefers-color-scheme: dark)" srcset="https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/fa6789d3-12be-41b9-9d63-9c257bd1a9d7">
+    <img src="https://www.atlascloud.ai/logo.svg"
+       alt="Sponsored by Atlas Cloud" width="300" height="48">
+  </picture>
+</a>
+</div>
+
+<i><a href="https://www.atlascloud.ai/?utm_source=github&utm_medium=link&utm_campaign=postcss">Atlas Cloud</a> is a full-modal AI inference platform that gives developers a single AI API to access video generation, image generation, and LLM APIs. Instead of managing multiple vendor integrations, you connect once and get unified access to 300+ curated models across all modalities.
+
+Check out Atlas Cloud's <a href="https://www.atlascloud.ai/console/coding-plan?utm_source=github&utm_medium=link&utm_campaign=postcss">new coding plan promotion</a> for more budget-friendly API access.</i>
+
+## Plugins
+
+PostCSS takes a CSS file and provides an API to analyze and modify its rules
+(by transforming them into an [Abstract Syntax Tree]).
+This API can then be used by [plugins] to do a lot of useful things,
+e.g., to find errors automatically, or to insert vendor prefixes.
+
+Currently, PostCSS has more than 200 plugins. You can find all of the plugins
+in the [plugins list]. Below is a list of our favorite plugins —
+the best demonstrations of what can be built on top of PostCSS.
+
+If you have any new ideas, [PostCSS plugin development] is really easy.
+
+[plugins list]: https://github.com/postcss/postcss/blob/main/docs/plugins.md
+
+### Solve Global CSS Problem
+
+- [`postcss-use`] allows you to explicitly set PostCSS plugins within CSS
+  and execute them only for the current file.
+- [`postcss-modules`] and [`react-css-modules`] automatically isolate
+  selectors within components.
+- [`postcss-autoreset`] is an alternative to using a global reset
+  that is better for isolatable components.
+- [`postcss-initial`] adds `all: initial` support, which resets
+  all inherited styles.
+- [`cq-prolyfill`] adds container query support, allowing styles that respond
+  to the width of the parent.
+
+### Use Future CSS, Today
+
+- [`autoprefixer`] adds vendor prefixes, using data from Can I Use.
+- [`postcss-preset-env`] allows you to use future CSS features today.
+
+### Better CSS Readability
+
+- [`postcss-nested`] unwraps nested rules the way Sass does.
+- [`postcss-sorting`] sorts the content of rules and at-rules.
+- [`postcss-utilities`] includes the most commonly used shortcuts and helpers.
+- [`short`] adds and extends numerous shorthand properties.
+
+### Images and Fonts
+
+- [`postcss-url`] postcss plugin to rebase url(), inline or copy asset.
+- [`postcss-sprites`] generates image sprites.
+- [`font-magician`] generates all the `@font-face` rules needed in CSS.
+- [`postcss-inline-svg`] allows you to inline SVG and customize its styles.
+- [`postcss-write-svg`] allows you to write simple SVG directly in your CSS.
+- [`webp-in-css`] to use WebP image format in CSS background.
+- [`avif-in-css`] to use AVIF image format in CSS background.
+
+### Linters
+
+- [`stylelint`] is a modular stylesheet linter.
+- [`stylefmt`] is a tool that automatically formats CSS
+  according `stylelint` rules.
+- [`doiuse`] lints CSS for browser support, using data from Can I Use.
+- [`colorguard`] helps you maintain a consistent color palette.
+
+### Other
+
+- [`cssnano`] is a modular CSS minifier.
+- [`lost`] is a feature-rich `calc()` grid system.
+- [`rtlcss`] mirrors styles for right-to-left locales.
+
+[PostCSS plugin development]: https://github.com/postcss/postcss/blob/main/docs/writing-a-plugin.md
+[`postcss-inline-svg`]: https://github.com/TrySound/postcss-inline-svg
+[`postcss-preset-env`]: https://github.com/csstools/postcss-plugins/tree/main/plugin-packs/postcss-preset-env
+[`react-css-modules`]: https://github.com/gajus/react-css-modules
+[`postcss-autoreset`]: https://github.com/maximkoretskiy/postcss-autoreset
+[`postcss-write-svg`]: https://github.com/csstools/postcss-write-svg
+[`postcss-utilities`]: https://github.com/ismamz/postcss-utilities
+[`postcss-initial`]: https://github.com/maximkoretskiy/postcss-initial
+[`postcss-sprites`]: https://github.com/2createStudio/postcss-sprites
+[`postcss-modules`]: https://github.com/outpunk/postcss-modules
+[`postcss-sorting`]: https://github.com/hudochenkov/postcss-sorting
+[`font-magician`]: https://github.com/csstools/postcss-font-magician
+[`autoprefixer`]: https://github.com/postcss/autoprefixer
+[`cq-prolyfill`]: https://github.com/ausi/cq-prolyfill
+[`postcss-url`]: https://github.com/postcss/postcss-url
+[`postcss-use`]: https://github.com/postcss/postcss-use
+[`css-modules`]: https://github.com/css-modules/css-modules
+[`webp-in-css`]: https://github.com/ai/webp-in-css
+[`avif-in-css`]: https://github.com/nucliweb/avif-in-css
+[`colorguard`]: https://github.com/SlexAxton/css-colorguard
+[`stylelint`]: https://github.com/stylelint/stylelint
+[`stylefmt`]: https://github.com/morishitter/stylefmt
+[`cssnano`]: https://cssnano.github.io/cssnano/
+[`postcss-nested`]: https://github.com/postcss/postcss-nested
+[`doiuse`]: https://github.com/anandthakker/doiuse
+[`rtlcss`]: https://github.com/MohammadYounes/rtlcss
+[`short`]: https://github.com/csstools/postcss-short
+[`lost`]: https://github.com/peterramsing/lost
+
+## Syntaxes
+
+PostCSS can transform styles in any syntax, not just CSS.
+If there is not yet support for your favorite syntax,
+you can write a parser and/or stringifier to extend PostCSS.
+
+- [`sugarss`] is a indent-based syntax like Sass or Stylus.
+- [`postcss-syntax`] switch syntax automatically by file extensions.
+- [`postcss-html`] parsing styles in `<style>` tags of HTML-like files.
+- [`postcss-markdown`] parsing styles in code blocks of Markdown files.
+- [`postcss-styled-syntax`] parses styles in template literals CSS-in-JS
+  like styled-components.
+- [`postcss-jsx`] parsing CSS in template / object literals of source files.
+- [`postcss-styled`] parsing CSS in template literals of source files.
+- [`postcss-scss`] allows you to work with SCSS
+  _(but does not compile SCSS to CSS)_.
+- [`postcss-sass`] allows you to work with Sass
+  _(but does not compile Sass to CSS)_.
+- [`postcss-less`] allows you to work with Less
+  _(but does not compile LESS to CSS)_.
+- [`postcss-less-engine`] allows you to work with Less
+  _(and DOES compile LESS to CSS using true Less.js evaluation)_.
+- [`postcss-js`] allows you to write styles in JS or transform
+  React Inline Styles, Radium or JSS.
+- [`postcss-safe-parser`] finds and fixes CSS syntax errors.
+- [`midas`] converts a CSS string to highlighted HTML.
+
+[`postcss-styled-syntax`]: https://github.com/hudochenkov/postcss-styled-syntax
+[`postcss-less-engine`]: https://github.com/Crunch/postcss-less
+[`postcss-safe-parser`]: https://github.com/postcss/postcss-safe-parser
+[`postcss-syntax`]: https://github.com/gucong3000/postcss-syntax
+[`postcss-html`]: https://github.com/ota-meshi/postcss-html
+[`postcss-markdown`]: https://github.com/ota-meshi/postcss-markdown
+[`postcss-jsx`]: https://github.com/gucong3000/postcss-jsx
+[`postcss-styled`]: https://github.com/gucong3000/postcss-styled
+[`postcss-scss`]: https://github.com/postcss/postcss-scss
+[`postcss-sass`]: https://github.com/AleshaOleg/postcss-sass
+[`postcss-less`]: https://github.com/webschik/postcss-less
+[`postcss-js`]: https://github.com/postcss/postcss-js
+[`sugarss`]: https://github.com/postcss/sugarss
+[`midas`]: https://github.com/ben-eb/midas
+
+## Articles
+
+- [Some things you may think about PostCSS… and you might be wrong](https://www.julian.io/articles/postcss.html)
+- [What PostCSS Really Is; What It Really Does](https://davidtheclark.com/its-time-for-everyone-to-learn-about-postcss/)
+- [PostCSS Guides](https://webdesign.tutsplus.com/series/postcss-deep-dive--cms-889)
+
+More articles and videos you can find on [awesome-postcss](https://github.com/jjaderg/awesome-postcss) list.
+
+## Books
+
+- [Mastering PostCSS for Web Design](https://www.packtpub.com/web-development/mastering-postcss-web-design) by Alex Libby, Packt. (June 2016)
+
+## Usage
+
+You can start using PostCSS in just two steps:
 
-@custom-media --mobile (width <= 640px);
+1. Find and add PostCSS extensions for your build tool.
+2. [Select plugins] and add them to your PostCSS process.
 
-@custom-selector --heading h1, h2, h3, h4, h5, h6;
+[Select plugins]: https://postcss.org/docs/postcss-plugins
 
-.post-article --heading {
-    margin-top: calc(10 * var(--row));
-    color: color(var(--mainColor) blackness(+20%));
-    font-variant-caps: small-caps;
+### CSS-in-JS
+
+The best way to use PostCSS with CSS-in-JS is [`astroturf`].
+Add its loader to your `webpack.config.js`:
+
+```js
+module.exports = {
+  module: {
+    rules: [
+      {
+        test: /\.css$/,
+        use: ['style-loader', 'postcss-loader']
+      },
+      {
+        test: /\.jsx?$/,
+        use: ['babel-loader', 'astroturf/loader']
+      }
+    ]
+  }
 }
-@media (--mobile) {
-    .post-article --heading {
-        margin-top: 0;
-    }
+```
+
+Then create `postcss.config.js`:
+
+```js
+/** @type {import('postcss-load-config').Config} */
+const config = {
+  plugins: [require('autoprefixer'), require('postcss-nested')]
 }
+
+module.exports = config
 ```
 
-Or if you like the power provided by preprocessors like Sass,
-you could combine [postcss-nested], [postcss-mixins], [postcss-easings]
-and [postcss-media-minmax]:
+[`astroturf`]: https://github.com/4Catalyzer/astroturf
 
-```css
-$mobile: width <= 640px;
+### Parcel
 
-@define-mixin social-icon $color {
-    background: $color;
-    &:hover {
-        background: color($color whiteness(+10%));
-    }
-}
+[Parcel] has built-in PostCSS support. It already uses Autoprefixer
+and cssnano. If you want to change plugins, create `postcss.config.js`
+in project’s root:
 
-.social-icon {
-    transition: background 200ms ease-in-sine;
-    &.is-twitter {
-        @mixin social-icon #55acee;
-    }
-    &.is-facebook {
-        @mixin social-icon #3b5998;
-    }
+```js
+/** @type {import('postcss-load-config').Config} */
+const config = {
+  plugins: [require('autoprefixer'), require('postcss-nested')]
 }
 
-.post-article {
-    padding: 10px 5px;
-    @media ($mobile) {
-        padding: 0;
-    }
-}
+module.exports = config
 ```
 
-Twitter account for articles, releases, and new plugins: [@postcss].
-Weibo account: [postcss].
-
-<a href="https://evilmartians.com/?utm_source=postcss">
-<img src="https://evilmartians.com/badges/sponsored-by-evil-martians.svg" alt="Sponsored by Evil Martians" width="236" height="54">
-</a>
+Parcel will even automatically install these plugins for you.
 
-[@postcss]:     https://twitter.com/postcss
-[postcss]:      http://weibo.com/postcss
-
-## How PostCSS differs from Preprocessors
-
-Sass, Less and Stylus provide specialized languages that you can use to write
-CSS templates. These languages and their compilers are defined together
-in large codebases. Tools and libraries for preprocessors must work within
-each preprocessor’s limitations: usually they can only offer sets
-of pre-defined mixins, functions, and variables.
-
-In contrast, PostCSS provides a simple API that modular plugins can use
-to understand, transform, and create CSS. PostCSS plugins, therefore,
-can be created, maintained, and implemented independently. And they can perform
-many different tasks, not just compile special syntaxes to CSS.
-Each plugin does one thing well.
+> Please, be aware of [the several issues in Version 1](https://github.com/parcel-bundler/parcel/labels/CSS%20Preprocessing). Notice, [Version 2](https://github.com/parcel-bundler/parcel/projects/5) may resolve the issues via [issue #2157](https://github.com/parcel-bundler/parcel/issues/2157).
 
-## Features
-
-### Modularity
+[Parcel]: https://parceljs.org
 
-Without any plugins, PostCSS will parse your CSS and stringify it back
-to you without changing a single byte. All of the processing that enables
-special features and syntax in your stylesheets is made possible
-by PostCSS plugins, which are nothing more than JS functions.
+### Webpack
 
-Because each PostCSS plugin is an independent module, different plugins can take
-different approaches. This flexibility allows plugin authors to create whatever
-features they can imagine, while empowering PostCSS users to add only
-those features that they want to their workflow.
+Use [`postcss-loader`] in `webpack.config.js`:
 
-Some plugins, like [postcss-custom-properties], [postcss-media-minmax],
-and [postcss-calc], implement syntax from present and future W3C specs,
-transpiling it to cross-browser-compatible output. Other plugins,
-like [postcss-mixins] and [postcss-simple-extend], add new powers
-to your stylesheets that are not yet part of any spec. With PostCSS,
-you can decide for yourself which plugins match your own needs and preferences.
+```js
+module.exports = {
+  module: {
+    rules: [
+      {
+        test: /\.css$/,
+        exclude: /node_modules/,
+        use: [
+          {
+            loader: 'style-loader'
+          },
+          {
+            loader: 'css-loader',
+            options: {
+              importLoaders: 1
+            }
+          },
+          {
+            loader: 'postcss-loader'
+          }
+        ]
+      }
+    ]
+  }
+}
+```
 
-Another advantage of PostCSS’s modularity is that anybody can contribute easily
-to the PostCSS ecosystem. Plugins are simple npm packages;
-so there are no barriers to writing your own plugins, or contributing ideas
-and bug fixes to the plugins that you use.
+Then create `postcss.config.js`:
 
-### Perfomance
+```js
+/** @type {import('postcss-load-config').Config} */
+const config = {
+  plugins: [require('autoprefixer'), require('postcss-nested')]
+}
 
-PostCSS is one of the fastest CSS parsers written in JS. (Only [CSSOM] is
-faster, and only because it is less accurate.) So PostCSS will read your CSS
-and apply transformations faster than any other stylesheet processor out there.
+module.exports = config
+```
 
-If you use Ruby Sass now, PostCSS could significantly improve your development
-process: PostCSS processing is *40 times faster* than Ruby Sass compilation.
-And even if you throw in the entire [cssnext] plugin pack, PostCSS,
-written in JS, is still *4 times faster* than [libsass], written on C++.
+[`postcss-loader`]: https://github.com/postcss/postcss-loader
 
-[libsass]: https://github.com/sass/libsass
-[CSSOM]:   https://github.com/NV/CSSOM
+### Gulp
 
-### Powerful Tools
+Use [`gulp-postcss`] and [`gulp-sourcemaps`].
 
-PostCSS plugins can read and rebuild an entire CSS node tree. With this power,
-plugin authors are able to create tools that would be impossible
-to build into preprocessors (like [Autoprefixer]).
+```js
+gulp.task('css', () => {
+  const postcss = require('gulp-postcss')
+  const sourcemaps = require('gulp-sourcemaps')
+
+  return gulp
+    .src('src/**/*.css')
+    .pipe(sourcemaps.init())
+    .pipe(postcss([require('autoprefixer'), require('postcss-nested')]))
+    .pipe(sourcemaps.write('.'))
+    .pipe(gulp.dest('build/'))
+})
+```
 
-PostCSS-powered tools can do much more than transform special syntax into
-browser-friendly CSS. PostCSS plugin authors have built linters
-(like [doiuse] and [postcss-bem-linter]), code review tools
-(like [list-selectors]), and minifiers (like [csswring]).
-With [postcss-data-packer], you can create a cacheable “sprite”
-by moving all `data:uri` values to separate file.
+[`gulp-sourcemaps`]: https://github.com/floridoo/gulp-sourcemaps
+[`gulp-postcss`]: https://github.com/postcss/gulp-postcss
 
-One unique example of PostCSS’s power is [RTLCSS]. As you know,
-in Arabic and Hebrew, writing moves from right-to-left (RTL), instead
-of the more widespread left-to-right convention. Because a language’s
-directionality affects its readers’ perspective, an international site’s layout
-needs to change for RTL users, not just its text. (Check out [Arabic Wikipedia]
-as an example.) The [RTLCSS] plugin effectively “mirrors” your stylesheet
-by swapping `left` and `right`, changing the value order in `margin` shorthands,
-and more.
+### npm Scripts
 
-[Arabic Wikipedia]: https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%D8%BA%D8%A9_%D8%B9%D8%B1%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%A9
+To use PostCSS from your command-line interface or with npm scripts
+there is [`postcss-cli`].
 
-### Use the CSS of the Future
+```sh
+postcss --use autoprefixer -o main.css css/*.css
+```
 
-CSS3 added valuable features, but some of them are not yet available in all
-of the browsers that developers need to support. And exciting future CSS modules
-are being drafted now — some even implemented in cutting-edge browsers —
-that will not be widely available for quite a while. But PostCSS plugins
-can allow us to write this CSS of the future, then transpile it to code usable
-in all the browsers we must support.
+[`postcss-cli`]: https://github.com/postcss/postcss-cli
 
-[Autoprefixer] exemplifies this power: you write spec-compliant, future-friendly
-CSS, pretending that vendor prefixes don’t exist, and it does the dirty work
-of inserting the prefixes you’ll need. All of the plugins bundled into [cssnext]
-do similar work, allowing authors to use syntax and functions
-from the latest W3C specs without worrying about the fallbacks they’ll need.
+### Browser
 
-As more CSS specs are drafted, more PostCSS plugins will be written. Users will
-be able to write stylesheets using standard, interoperable syntax, instead of
-a specialized language for a specialized tool (as with preprocessors).
+If you want to compile CSS string in browser (for instance, in live edit
+tools like CodePen), just use [Browserify] or [webpack]. They will pack
+PostCSS and plugins files into a single file.
 
-## Quick Start
+To apply PostCSS plugins to React Inline Styles, JSS, Radium
+and other [CSS-in-JS], you can use [`postcss-js`] and transforms style objects.
 
-1. Implement PostCSS with your build tool of choice. See the PostCSS [Grunt],
-   [Gulp], and [webpack] plugins more detailed instructions.
-2. Select plugins from the list below and add them to your PostCSS process.
-3. Make awesome products.
-
-[webpack]: https://github.com/postcss/postcss-loader
-[Grunt]:   https://github.com/nDmitry/grunt-postcss
-[Gulp]:    https://github.com/w0rm/gulp-postcss
+```js
+const postcss = require('postcss-js')
+const prefixer = postcss.sync([require('autoprefixer')])
 
-## Plugins Packs
-
-* [cssnext] contains plugins that allow you to use future CSS features today.
-* [ACSS] contains plugins that transform your CSS according
-  to special annotation comments.
+prefixer({ display: 'flex' }) //=> { display: ['-webkit-box', '-webkit-flex', '-ms-flexbox', 'flex'] }
+```
 
-[cssnext]:  https://github.com/putaindecode/cssnext
-[ACSS]:     https://github.com/morishitter/acss
+[`postcss-js`]: https://github.com/postcss/postcss-js
+[Browserify]: https://browserify.org/
+[CSS-in-JS]: https://github.com/MicheleBertoli/css-in-js
+[webpack]: https://webpack.github.io/
 
-## Plugins
+### Runners
 
-### Future CSS Syntax
-
-* [postcss-color-function] supports functions to transform colors.
-* [postcss-color-gray] supports the `gray()` function.
-* [postcss-color-hex] transforms `rgb()` and `rgba()` to hex.
-* [postcss-color-hex-alpha] supports `#rrggbbaa` and `#rgba` notation.
-* [postcss-color-hwb] transforms `hwb()` to widely compatible `rgb()`.
-* [postcss-color-rebeccapurple] supports the `rebeccapurple` color.
-* [postcss-custom-media] supports custom aliases for media queries.
-* [postcss-custom-properties] supports variables, using syntax from
-  the W3C Custom Properties.
-* [postcss-custom-selectors] adds custom aliases for selectors.
-* [postcss-font-variant] transpiles human-readable `font-variant` to more widely
-  supported CSS.
-* [postcss-host] makes the Shadow DOM’s `:host` selector work properly
-  with pseudo-classes.
-* [postcss-media-minmax] adds `<=` and `=>` statements to media queries.
-* [mq4-hover-shim] supports the `@media (hover)` feature.
-
-### Fallbacks
-
-* [postcss-epub] adds the `-epub-` prefix to relevant properties.
-* [postcss-opacity] adds opacity filter for IE8.
-* [postcss-vmin] generates `vm` fallback for `vmin` unit in IE9.
-* [postcss-will-change] inserts 3D hack before `will-change` property.
-* [Autoprefixer] adds vendor prefixes for you, using data from Can I Use.
-* [cssgrace] provides various helpers and transpiles CSS3 for IE
-  and other old browsers.
-* [pixrem] generates pixel fallbacks for `rem` units.
-* [pleeease-filters] converts WebKit filters to SVG filters,
-  for cross-browser compatibility.
-
-### Language Extensions
-
-* [postcss-mixins] enables mixins more powerful than Sass’s,
-  defined within stylesheets or in JS.
-* [postcss-nested] unwraps nested rules, as Sass does.
-* [postcss-simple-extend] supports extending of silent classes,
-  like Sass’s `@extend`.
-* [postcss-simple-vars] supports for Sass-style variables.
-* [csstyle] adds components workflow to your styles.
-
-### Optimizations
-
-* [postcss-assets] allows you to simplify URLs, insert image dimensions,
-  and inline files.
-* [postcss-calc] reduces `calc()` to values
-  (when expressions involve the same units).
-* [postcss-data-packer] moves embedded Base64 data out of the stylesheet
-  and into a separate file.
-* [postcss-import] inlines the stylesheets referred to by `@import` rules.
-* [postcss-url] rebases or inlines `url()`s.
-* [csswring] is a CSS minifier.
-* [css-byebye] removes the CSS rules that you don’t want.
-* [css-mqpacker] joins matching CSS media queries into a single statement.
-* [webpcss] adds URLs for WebP images, so they can be used by browsers
-  that support WebP.
-
-### Shortcuts
-
-* [postcss-easings] replaces easing names from easings.net
-  with `cubic-bezier()` functions.
-* [postcss-size] adds a `size` shortcut that sets width and height
-  with one declaration.
-
-### Others
-
-* [postcss-brand-colors] inserts company brand colors
-  in the `brand-colors` module.
-* [postcss-color-palette] transforms CSS2 color keywords to a custom palette.
-* [postcss-single-charset] ensures that there is one
-  and only one `@charset` rule at the top of file.
-* [rtlcss] mirrors styles for right-to-left locales.
-
-### Analysis
-
-* [postcss-bem-linter] lints CSS for conformance to SUIT CSS methodology.
-* [css2modernizr] creates a Modernizr config file
-  that requires only the tests that your CSS uses.
-* [doiuse] lints CSS for browser support, using data from Can I Use.
-* [list-selectors] lists and categorizes the selectors used in your CSS,
-  for code review and analysis.
-
-[postcss-color-rebeccapurple]: https://github.com/postcss/postcss-color-rebeccapurple
-[postcss-custom-properties]:   https://github.com/postcss/postcss-custom-properties
-[postcss-custom-selectors]:    https://github.com/postcss/postcss-custom-selectors
-[postcss-color-hex-alpha]:     https://github.com/postcss/postcss-color-hex-alpha
-[postcss-color-function]:      https://github.com/postcss/postcss-color-function
-[postcss-single-charset]:      https://github.com/hail2u/postcss-single-charset
-[postcss-color-palette]:       https://github.com/zaim/postcss-color-palette
-[postcss-simple-extend]:       https://github.com/davidtheclark/postcss-simple-extend
-[postcss-media-minmax]:        https://github.com/postcss/postcss-media-minmax
-[postcss-custom-media]:        https://github.com/postcss/postcss-custom-media
-[postcss-brand-colors]:        https://github.com/postcss/postcss-brand-colors
-[postcss-font-variant]:        https://github.com/postcss/postcss-font-variant
-[postcss-will-change]:         https://github.com/postcss/postcss-will-change
-[postcss-simple-vars]:         https://github.com/postcss/postcss-simple-vars
-[postcss-data-packer]:         https://github.com/Ser-Gen/postcss-data-packer
-[postcss-bem-linter]:          https://github.com/necolas/postcss-bem-linter
-[postcss-color-gray]:          https://github.com/postcss/postcss-color-gray
-[postcss-color-hex]:           https://github.com/TrySound/postcss-color-hex
-[postcss-color-hwb]:           https://github.com/postcss/postcss-color-hwb
-[pleeease-filters]:            https://github.com/iamvdo/pleeease-filters
-[postcss-easings]:             https://github.com/postcss/postcss-easings
-[postcss-opacity]:             https://github.com/iamvdo/postcss-opacity
-[postcss-assets]:              https://github.com/borodean/postcss-assets
-[postcss-import]:              https://github.com/postcss/postcss-import
-[postcss-nested]:              https://github.com/postcss/postcss-nested
-[postcss-mixins]:              https://github.com/postcss/postcss-mixins
-[mq4-hover-shim]:              https://github.com/twbs/mq4-hover-shim
-[list-selectors]:              https://github.com/davidtheclark/list-selectors
-[css2modernizr]:               https://github.com/vovanbo/css2modernizr
-[Autoprefixer]:                https://github.com/postcss/autoprefixer
-[css-mqpacker]:                https://github.com/hail2u/node-css-mqpacker
-[postcss-epub]:                https://github.com/Rycochet/postcss-epub
-[postcss-calc]:                https://github.com/postcss/postcss-calc
-[postcss-size]:                https://github.com/postcss/postcss-size
-[postcss-host]:                https://github.com/vitkarpov/postcss-host
-[postcss-vmin]:                https://github.com/iamvdo/postcss-vmin
-[postcss-url]:                 https://github.com/postcss/postcss-url
-[css-byebye]:                  https://github.com/AoDev/css-byebye
-[cssgrace]:                    https://github.com/cssdream/cssgrace
-[csswring]:                    https://github.com/hail2u/node-csswring
-[csstyle]:                     https://github.com/geddski/csstyle
-[webpcss]:                     https://github.com/lexich/webpcss
-[rtlcss]:                      https://github.com/MohammadYounes/rtlcss
-[RTLCSS]:                      https://github.com/MohammadYounes/rtlcss
-[pixrem]:                      https://github.com/robwierzbowski/node-pixrem
-[doiuse]:                      https://github.com/anandthakker/doiuse
+- **Grunt**: [`@lodder/grunt-postcss`](https://github.com/C-Lodder/grunt-postcss)
+- **HTML**: [`posthtml-postcss`](https://github.com/posthtml/posthtml-postcss)
+- **Stylus**: [`poststylus`](https://github.com/seaneking/poststylus)
+- **Rollup**: [`rollup-plugin-postcss`](https://github.com/egoist/rollup-plugin-postcss)
+- **Brunch**: [`postcss-brunch`](https://github.com/brunch/postcss-brunch)
+- **Broccoli**: [`broccoli-postcss`](https://github.com/jeffjewiss/broccoli-postcss)
+- **Meteor**: [`postcss`](https://atmospherejs.com/juliancwirko/postcss)
+- **ENB**: [`enb-postcss`](https://github.com/awinogradov/enb-postcss)
+- **Taskr**: [`taskr-postcss`](https://github.com/lukeed/taskr/tree/master/packages/postcss)
+- **Start**: [`start-postcss`](https://github.com/start-runner/postcss)
+- **Connect/Express**: [`postcss-middleware`](https://github.com/jedmao/postcss-middleware)
+- **Svelte Preprocessor**: [`svelte-preprocess`](https://github.com/sveltejs/svelte-preprocess/blob/main/docs/preprocessing.md#postcss-sugarss)
 
-## Usage
+### JS API
 
-### JavaScript API
+For other environments, you can use the JS API:
 
 ```js
-var postcss   = require('postcss');
-var processor = postcss([require('cssnext'), require('cssgrace')]);
-
-var result = processor.process(css, { from: 'app.css', to: 'app.out.css' });
-console.log(result.css);
+const autoprefixer = require('autoprefixer')
+const postcss = require('postcss')
+const postcssNested = require('postcss-nested')
+const fs = require('fs')
+
+fs.readFile('src/app.css', (err, css) => {
+  postcss([autoprefixer, postcssNested])
+    .process(css, { from: 'src/app.css', to: 'dest/app.css' })
+    .then(result => {
+      fs.writeFile('dest/app.css', result.css, () => true)
+      if (result.map) {
+        fs.writeFile('dest/app.css.map', result.map.toString(), () => true)
+      }
+    })
+})
 ```
 
-Read the [postcss function], [processor], and [Result] API docs for more details.
+Read the [PostCSS API documentation] for more details about the JS API.
 
-[postcss function]: https://github.com/postcss/postcss/blob/master/API.md#postcss-function
-[processor]:        https://github.com/postcss/postcss/blob/master/API.md#postcss-class
-[Result]:           https://github.com/postcss/postcss/blob/master/API.md#result-class
+All PostCSS runners should pass [PostCSS Runner Guidelines].
 
-### Source Maps
+[PostCSS Runner Guidelines]: https://github.com/postcss/postcss/blob/main/docs/guidelines/runner.md
+[PostCSS API documentation]: https://postcss.org/api/
 
-PostCSS has great [source maps] support. It can read and interpret maps
-from previous transformation steps, autodetect the format that you expect,
-and output both external and inline maps.
+### Options
 
-To ensure that you generate an accurate source map, you must indicate the input
-and output CSS files paths — using the options `from` and `to`, respectively.
+Most PostCSS runners accept two parameters:
 
-To generate a new source map with the default options, simply set `map: true`.
-This will generate an inline source map that contains the source content.
-If you don’t want the map inlined, you can use set `map.inline: false`.
+- An array of plugins.
+- An object of options.
 
-```js
-var result = processor.process(css, {
-    from: 'main.css',
-    to:   'main.out.css',
-    map: { inline: false },
-});
+Common options:
 
-result.map //=> '{"version":3,"file":"main.out.css","sources":["main.css"],"names":[],"mappings":"AAAA,KAAI"}'
-```
+- `syntax`: an object providing a syntax parser and a stringifier.
+- `parser`: a special syntax parser (for example, [SCSS]).
+- `stringifier`: a special syntax output generator (for example, [Midas]).
+- `map`: [source map options].
+- `from`: the input file name (most runners set it automatically).
+- `to`: the output file name (most runners set it automatically).
 
-If PostCSS finds source maps from a previous transformation,
-it will automatically update that source map with the same options.
+[source map options]: https://postcss.org/api/#sourcemapoptions
+[Midas]: https://github.com/ben-eb/midas
+[SCSS]: https://github.com/postcss/postcss-scss
+
+### Treat Warnings as Errors
+
+In some situations it might be helpful to fail the build on any warning
+from PostCSS or one of its plugins. This guarantees that no warnings
+go unnoticed, and helps to avoid bugs. While there is no option to enable
+treating warnings as errors, it can easily be done
+by adding `postcss-fail-on-warn` plugin in the end of PostCSS plugins:
 
 ```js
-// main.sass.css has an annotation comment with a link to main.sass.css.map
-var result = minifier.process(css, { from: 'main.sass.css', to: 'main.min.css' });
-result.map //=> Source map from main.sass to main.min.css
+module.exports = {
+  plugins: [require('autoprefixer'), require('postcss-fail-on-warn')]
+}
 ```
 
-If you want more control over source map generation, you can define the `map`
-option as an object with the following parameters:
+## Editors & IDE Integration
 
-* `inline` boolean: indicates that the source map should be embedded
-  in the output CSS as a Base64-encoded comment. By default it is `true`.
-  But if all previous maps are external, not inline, PostCSS will not embed
-  the map even if you do not set this option.
+### VS Code
 
-  If you have an inline source map, the `result.map` property will be empty,
-  as the source map will be contained within the text of `result.css`.
+- [`csstools.postcss`] adds PostCSS support.
+- [`smallcase.postcssense`] adds Intellisense for global classes
 
-* `prev` string, object or boolean: source map content from
-  a previous processing step (for example, Sass compilation).
-  PostCSS will try to read the previous source map automatically
-  (based on comments within the source CSS), but you can use this option
-  to identify it manually. If desired, you can omit the previous map
-  with `prev: false`.
+[`csstools.postcss`]: https://marketplace.visualstudio.com/items?itemName=csstools.postcss
+[`smallcase.postcssense`]: https://marketplace.visualstudio.com/items?itemName=smallcase.postcssense
 
-* `sourcesContent` boolean: indicates that PostCSS should set the origin
-  content (for example, Sass source) of the source map. By default it is `true`.
-  But if all previous maps do not contain sources content, PostCSS will also
-  leave it out even if you do not set this option.
+### Sublime Text
 
-* `annotation` boolean or string: indicates that PostCSS should add annotation
-  comments to the CSS. By default, PostCSS will always add a comment with a path
-  to the source map. But if the input CSS does not have any annotation
-  comment, PostCSS will omit it, too, even if you do not set this option.
+- [`Syntax-highlighting-for-PostCSS`] adds PostCSS highlight.
 
-  By default, PostCSS presumes that you want to save the source map as
-  `opts.to + '.map'` and will use this path in the annotation comment.
-  But you can set another path by providing a string value for `annotation`.
+[`Syntax-highlighting-for-PostCSS`]: https://github.com/hudochenkov/Syntax-highlighting-for-PostCSS
 
-  If you have set `inline: true`, annotation cannot be disabled.
+### Vim
 
-[source maps]: http://www.html5rocks.com/en/tutorials/developertools/sourcemaps/
+- [`postcss.vim`] adds PostCSS highlight.
 
-### Safe Mode
+[`postcss.vim`]: https://github.com/stephenway/postcss.vim
 
-If you provide a `safe: true` option to the `process` or `parse` methods,
-PostCSS will try to correct any syntax errors that it finds in the CSS.
+### WebStorm
 
-```js
-postcss.parse('a {');                 // will throw "Unclosed block"
-postcss.parse('a {', { safe: true }); // will return CSS root for a {}
-```
+To get support for PostCSS in WebStorm and other JetBrains IDEs you need to install [this plugin][jb-plugin].
+
+[jb-plugin]: https://plugins.jetbrains.com/plugin/8578-postcss
+
+## Security Contact
+
+To report a security vulnerability, please use the [Tidelift security contact].
+Tidelift will coordinate the fix and disclosure.
+
+[Tidelift security contact]: https://tidelift.com/security
 
-This is useful for legacy code filled with hacks. Another use-case
-is interactive tools with live input — for example,
-the [Autoprefixer demo](http://jsfiddle.net/simevidas/udyTs/show/light/).
+## For Enterprise
 
-## How to Develop PostCSS Plugin
+Available as part of the Tidelift Subscription.
 
-* [PostCSS API](https://github.com/postcss/postcss/blob/master/API.md)
-* [Plugin Boilerplate](https://github.com/postcss/postcss-plugin-boilerplate)
+The maintainers of `postcss` and thousands of other packages are working
+with Tidelift to deliver commercial support and maintenance for the open source
+dependencies you use to build your applications. Save time, reduce risk,
+and improve code health, while paying the maintainers of the exact dependencies
+you use. [Learn more.](https://tidelift.com/subscription/pkg/npm-postcss?utm_source=npm-postcss&utm_medium=referral&utm_campaign=enterprise&utm_term=repo)
diff --git a/benchmark/Gemfile b/benchmark/Gemfile
deleted file mode 100644
index 33311605c..000000000
--- a/benchmark/Gemfile
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,3 +0,0 @@
-source "https://rubygems.org"
-
-gem 'sass'
diff --git a/benchmark/Gemfile.lock b/benchmark/Gemfile.lock
deleted file mode 100644
index 485a5e3e7..000000000
--- a/benchmark/Gemfile.lock
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,10 +0,0 @@
-GEM
-  remote: https://rubygems.org/
-  specs:
-    sass (3.4.11)
-
-PLATFORMS
-  ruby
-
-DEPENDENCIES
-  sass
diff --git a/benchmark/parser.js b/benchmark/parser.js
deleted file mode 100644
index 11d86b6b0..000000000
--- a/benchmark/parser.js
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,19 +0,0 @@
-var fs = require('fs');
-
-var tokenizer = require('../build/lib/tokenize');
-var Parser    = require('../build/lib/parser');
-var Input     = require('../build/lib/input');
-
-var css    = fs.readFileSync(__dirname + '/test.css');
-var input  = new Input(css);
-var tokens = tokenizer(input);
-
-module.exports = {
-    fn: function () {
-        var parser = new Parser(input);
-        parser.tokens = tokens.slice();
-        parser.loop();
-    },
-    maxTime: 15,
-    name: 'Parser'
-};
diff --git a/benchmark/parsers.js b/benchmark/parsers.js
deleted file mode 100644
index 2cdfc2687..000000000
--- a/benchmark/parsers.js
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,60 +0,0 @@
-var fs  = require('fs');
-var css = fs.readFileSync(__dirname + '/cache/bootstrap.css').toString();
-
-var CSSOM      = require('cssom');
-var rework     = require('rework');
-var mensch     = require('mensch');
-var postcss    = require('../build');
-var stylecow   = require('stylecow');
-var gonzales   = require('gonzales');
-var gonzalesPe = require('gonzales-pe');
-
-module.exports = {
-    name:   'Bootstrap',
-    maxTime: 15,
-    tests: [
-        {
-            name: 'Rework',
-            fn: function () {
-                rework(css).toString();
-            }
-        },
-        {
-            name: 'PostCSS',
-            fn: function () {
-                postcss.parse(css).toResult().css;
-            }
-        },
-        {
-            name: 'CSSOM',
-            fn: function () {
-                CSSOM.parse(css).toString();
-            }
-        },
-        {
-            name: "Mensch",
-            fn: function () {
-                mensch.stringify( mensch.parse(css) );
-            }
-        },
-        {
-            name: 'Gonzales',
-            fn: function () {
-                gonzales.csspToSrc( gonzales.srcToCSSP(css) );
-            }
-        },
-        {
-            name: 'Gonzales PE',
-            fn: function (done) {
-                gonzalesPe.parse(css).toString();
-            }
-        },
-        {
-            name: 'Stylecow',
-            fn: function () {
-                var file = new stylecow.Reader(css, 'cache/bootstrap.css');
-                stylecow.Root.create(file).toString();
-            }
-        }
-    ]
-};
diff --git a/benchmark/processors.js b/benchmark/processors.js
deleted file mode 100644
index 26e4363c2..000000000
--- a/benchmark/processors.js
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,67 +0,0 @@
-var fs   = require('fs');
-var exec = require('child_process').exec;
-
-var path = __dirname + '/cache/bootstrap.css';
-var css  = fs.readFileSync(path).toString();
-
-css = css.replace(/\s+filter:[^;\}]+;?/g, '');
-css = css.replace('/*# sourceMappingURL=bootstrap.css.map */', '');
-var scss = __dirname + '/cache/bootstrap.scss';
-fs.writeFileSync(scss, css);
-
-var postcss = require('../build');
-var cssnext = require('cssnext');
-var stylus  = require('stylus');
-var sass    = require('node-sass');
-var less    = require('less');
-
-module.exports = {
-    name:   'Bootstrap',
-    maxTime: 15,
-    tests: [
-        {
-            name: 'PostCSS',
-            fn: function (done) {
-                postcss(cssnext).process(css, { map: false }).css;
-            }
-        },
-        {
-            name: 'Stylus',
-            defer: true,
-            fn: function (done) {
-                stylus.render(css, { filename: path }, function (err, css) {
-                    if ( err ) throw err;
-                    done.resolve();
-                });
-            }
-        },
-        {
-            name: 'Less',
-            defer: true,
-            fn: function (done) {
-                less.render(css, function (err, css) {
-                    if ( err ) throw err;
-                    done.resolve();
-                });
-            }
-        },
-        {
-            name: 'libsass',
-            fn: function () {
-                sass.renderSync({ data: css });
-            }
-        },
-        {
-            name: 'Ruby Sass',
-            defer: true,
-            fn: function (done) {
-                var command = 'sass -C --sourcemap=none ' + scss;
-                exec('cd ' + __dirname + '; bundle exec ' + command,
-                     function (error, stdout, stderr) {
-                        if ( error ) throw stderr;
-                        done.resolve();
-                     });
-            }
-        }
-    ]
-};
diff --git a/benchmark/test.css b/benchmark/test.css
deleted file mode 100644
index 7a43b5279..000000000
--- a/benchmark/test.css
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,82 +0,0 @@
-@charset "UTF-8";
-
-/**
- * Timeline component
- */
-.timeline {
-    width: 100%;
-    height: 178px;
-    position: absolute;
-    left: 0;
-    bottom: 0;
-    z-index: 1000;
-    font-size: 12px;
-}
-.timeline::after {
-    content: "";
-    clear: both;
-}
-.timeline_icon {
-    color: white;
-}
-.timeline_icon::after {
-    content: "A";
-    font-family: Icons;
-}
-.timeline_wrapper {
-    position: relative;
-    transition-property: bottom;
-    transition-duration: 0.5s;
-}
-.timeline_toggler {
-    text-align: center;
-}
-.timeline_container {
-    width: 100%;
-    height: 110px;
-}
-.timeline_status-bar {
-    background: rgba(17, 17, 17, 0.4);
-}
-.timeline_date .active-day,
-.timeline_date .active-month,
-.timeline_date .active-year {
-    height: 30px;
-    position: absolute;
-    height: 18px;
-    border: thin solid #fff;
-    background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.1);
-    border-radius: 4px;
-    transition-property: left;
-    transition-duration: .25s;
-}
-.timeline_date .active-day {
-    width: 3.22%;
-}
-.timeline_date .active-month, .timeline_date .active-year {
-    width: 8.3%;
-}
-.timeline_date ul {
-    padding: 0;
-}
-.timeline_date ul li {
-    text-align: center;
-    display: inline-block;
-}
-
-/**
- * Fading animation
- */
-@supports (opacity: 0) {
-    .timeline.is-hidden {
-        animation: fading;
-    }
-    @keyframes fading {
-        from {
-            opacity: 1;
-        }
-        to {
-            opacity: 0;
-        }
-    }
-}
diff --git a/benchmark/tokenizer.js b/benchmark/tokenizer.js
deleted file mode 100644
index eea74e486..000000000
--- a/benchmark/tokenizer.js
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,15 +0,0 @@
-var fs = require('fs');
-
-var tokenizer = require('../build/lib/tokenize');
-var Input     = require('../build/lib/input');
-
-var css   = fs.readFileSync(__dirname + '/test.css');
-var input = new Input(css);
-
-module.exports = {
-    fn: function () {
-        tokenizer(input);
-    },
-    maxTime: 15,
-    name: 'Tokenizer'
-};
diff --git a/docs/CODE_OF_CONDUCT.md b/docs/CODE_OF_CONDUCT.md
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..cd0334fb2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/docs/CODE_OF_CONDUCT.md
@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+# Code of Conduct
+
+## Our Standards
+
+- **When we disagree, try to understand why.** Our goal should not be to “win” every disagreement or argument. A more productive goal is to be open to ideas that make our own ideas better.
+- **Be careful in the words that you choose.** Harassment and other exclusionary behavior aren’t acceptable:
+  - Violent threats or language directed against another person.
+  - Discriminatory jokes and language.
+  - Posting (or threatening to post) other people’s personally identifying information (“doxing”).
+  - Personal insults, especially those using racist or sexist terms.
+  - Unwelcome sexual attention.
+  - Repeated harassment of others. In general, if someone asks you to stop, then stop.
+- **Appreciate and accommodate our differences.** Be respectful of people with different cultural practices, personal habits to clothing, attitudes, and beliefs. Respect the way how people ask you to communicate with them.
+- **Judge ideas, not people.** Every idea counts for its merit, not who brings it up.
+- **Do not blame for mistakes.** If we have a problem, we should discuss how to prevent it in the future.
+
+## Where Does It of Conduct Take Effect?
+
+This Code of Conduct applies both within project spaces and in public spaces when an individual is representing the project or its community.
+
+- All communications in GitHub.
+- Conversations in our Discord.
+- Git commits and code comments.
+- Project’s social accounts.
+
+## How Can You Report Violations?
+
+Unacceptable behavior may be reported to the community leaders responsible for enforcement at [andrey@sitnik.es](mailto:andrey@sitnik.es).
+
+All community leaders are obligated to respect the privacy and security of the reporter of any incident.
diff --git a/docs/INCIDENT_RESPONSE.md b/docs/INCIDENT_RESPONSE.md
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..bd24aefaa
--- /dev/null
+++ b/docs/INCIDENT_RESPONSE.md
@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+# How PostCSS Handles Incidents
+
+## 1. Detection & Triage
+
+We monitor security reports sent via [security outreach](./SECURITY.md), GitHub advisories, issues, and npm notifications.
+
+## 2. Assessment
+
+Check the severity:
+
+- **Critical:** npm package or repo compromised, malicious code, supply chain attack.
+- **High:** Vulnerabilities that allow code execution, or leak secrets.
+- **Low:** Denial of service or memory leaks when PostCSS is used as a server-side REPL that receives CSS from third parties.
+
+## 3. Response
+
+1. Acknowledge the report (privately if sensitive, publicly if not).
+2. For critical/high issues:
+   1. Deprecate or yank affected npm versions if needed.
+   2. Rotate any exposed secrets/tokens.
+   3. Patch the bug or vulnerability.
+3. For low issues: patch and document the fix.
+
+## 4. Communication
+
+We will publish update in our Twitter `@postcss` and PostCSS’s wiki.
+
+We will release CVE for Critical/High issues. We prefer to not release CVE for Low issues since we have small number of such users (but could change our minds depends on the issue).
diff --git a/docs/README-cn.md b/docs/README-cn.md
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..3754ebd67
--- /dev/null
+++ b/docs/README-cn.md
@@ -0,0 +1,383 @@
+# PostCSS
+
+<img align="right" width="95" height="95"
+     alt="哲学家的石头 - PostCSS 的 logo"
+     src="https://postcss.org/logo.svg">
+
+PostCSS 是一个允许使用 JS 插件转换样式的工具。
+这些插件可以检查（lint）你的 CSS，支持 CSS Variables 和 Mixins，
+编译尚未被浏览器广泛支持的先进的 CSS 语法，内联图片，以及其它很多优秀的功能。
+
+PostCSS 在工业界被广泛地应用，其中不乏很多有名的行业领导者，如：维基百科，Twitter，阿里巴巴，
+JetBrains。PostCSS 的 [Autoprefixer] 插件是最流行的 CSS 处理工具之一。
+
+PostCSS 接收一个 CSS 文件并提供了一个 API 来分析、修改它的规则（通过把 CSS 规则转换成一个[抽象语法树]的方式）。在这之后，这个 API 便可被许多[插件]利用来做有用的事情，比如寻错或自动添加 CSS vendor 前缀。
+
+**Twitter 账号:** [@postcss](https://twitter.com/postcss)
+
+如果需要 PostCSS 商业支持（如咨询，提升公司的前端文化，
+PostCSS 插件），请联系 [Evil Martians](https://evilmartians.com/?utm_source=postcss)
+邮箱 <surrender@evilmartians.com>。
+
+[抽象语法树]: https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%8A%BD%E8%B1%A1%E8%AA%9E%E6%B3%95%E6%A8%B9
+[Autoprefixer]: https://github.com/postcss/autoprefixer
+[插件]: https://github.com/postcss/postcss/blob/main/README-cn.md#%E6%8F%92%E4%BB%B6
+
+<a href="https://evilmartians.com/?utm_source=postcss">
+  <img src="https://evilmartians.com/badges/sponsored-by-evil-martians.svg"
+       alt="由 Evil Martians 赞助" width="236" height="54">
+</a>
+
+## 插件
+
+截止到目前，PostCSS 有 200 多个插件。你可以在 [插件列表] 找到它们。
+下方的列表是我们最喜欢的插件 - 它们很好地演示了我们可以用 PostCSS 做些什么。
+
+如果你有任何新的想法，[开发 PostCSS 插件] 非常简单易上手。
+
+[插件列表]: https://github.com/postcss/postcss/blob/main/docs/plugins.md
+
+### 解决全局 CSS 的问题
+
+- [`postcss-use`] 允许你在 CSS 里明确地设置 PostCSS 插件，并且只在当前文件执行它们。
+- [`postcss-modules`] 和 [`react-css-modules`] 可以自动以组件为单位隔绝 CSS 选择器。
+- [`postcss-autoreset`] 是全局样式重置的又一个选择，它更适用于分离的组件。
+- [`postcss-initial`] 添加了 `all: initial` 的支持，重置了所有继承的样式。
+- [`cq-prolyfill`] 添加了容器查询的支持，允许添加响应于父元素宽度的样式.
+
+### 提前使用先进的 CSS 特性
+
+- [`autoprefixer`] 添加了 vendor 浏览器前缀，它使用 Can I Use 上面的数据。
+- [`postcss-preset-env`] 允许你使用未来的 CSS 特性。
+
+### 更佳的 CSS 可读性
+
+- [`postcss-sorting`] 给规则的内容以及@规则排序。
+- [`postcss-utilities`] 囊括了最常用的简写方式和书写帮助。
+- [`short`] 添加并拓展了大量的缩写属性。
+
+### 图片和字体
+
+- [`postcss-assets`] 可以插入图片尺寸和内联文件。
+- [`postcss-sprites`] 能生成雪碧图。
+- [`font-magician`] 生成所有在 CSS 里需要的 `@font-face` 规则。
+- [`postcss-inline-svg`] 允许你内联 SVG 并定制它的样式。
+- [`postcss-write-svg`] 允许你在 CSS 里写简单的 SVG。
+
+### 提示器（Linters）
+
+- [`stylelint`] 是一个模块化的样式提示器。
+- [`stylefmt`] 是一个能根据 `stylelint` 规则自动优化 CSS 格式的工具。
+- [`doiuse`] 提示 CSS 的浏览器支持性，使用的数据来自于 Can I Use。
+- [`colorguard`] 帮助你保持一个始终如一的调色板。
+
+### 其它
+
+- [`postcss-rtl`] 在单个 CSS 文件里组合了两个方向（左到右，右到左）的样式。
+- [`cssnano`] 是一个模块化的 CSS 压缩器。
+- [`lost`] 是一个功能强大的 `calc()` 栅格系统。
+- [`rtlcss`] 镜像翻转 CSS 样式，适用于 right-to-left 的应用场景。
+
+[`postcss-inline-svg`]: https://github.com/TrySound/postcss-inline-svg
+[`postcss-preset-env`]: https://github.com/jonathantneal/postcss-preset-env
+[`react-css-modules`]: https://github.com/gajus/react-css-modules
+[`postcss-autoreset`]: https://github.com/maximkoretskiy/postcss-autoreset
+[`postcss-write-svg`]: https://github.com/jonathantneal/postcss-write-svg
+[`postcss-utilities`]: https://github.com/ismamz/postcss-utilities
+[`postcss-initial`]: https://github.com/maximkoretskiy/postcss-initial
+[`postcss-sprites`]: https://github.com/2createStudio/postcss-sprites
+[`postcss-modules`]: https://github.com/outpunk/postcss-modules
+[`postcss-sorting`]: https://github.com/hudochenkov/postcss-sorting
+[`postcss-assets`]: https://github.com/assetsjs/postcss-assets
+[开发 PostCSS 插件]: https://github.com/postcss/postcss/blob/main/docs/writing-a-plugin.md
+[`font-magician`]: https://github.com/jonathantneal/postcss-font-magician
+[`autoprefixer`]: https://github.com/postcss/autoprefixer
+[`cq-prolyfill`]: https://github.com/ausi/cq-prolyfill
+[`postcss-rtl`]: https://github.com/vkalinichev/postcss-rtl
+[`postcss-use`]: https://github.com/postcss/postcss-use
+[`css-modules`]: https://github.com/css-modules/css-modules
+[`colorguard`]: https://github.com/SlexAxton/css-colorguard
+[`stylelint`]: https://github.com/stylelint/stylelint
+[`stylefmt`]: https://github.com/morishitter/stylefmt
+[`cssnano`]: https://cssnano.github.io/cssnano/
+[`doiuse`]: https://github.com/anandthakker/doiuse
+[`rtlcss`]: https://github.com/MohammadYounes/rtlcss
+[`short`]: https://github.com/jonathantneal/postcss-short
+[`lost`]: https://github.com/peterramsing/lost
+
+## 语法
+
+PostCSS 可以转化样式到任意语法，不仅仅是 CSS。
+如果还没有支持你最喜欢的语法，你可以编写一个解释器以及（或者）一个 stringifier 来拓展 PostCSS。
+
+- [`sugarss`] 是一个以缩进为基础的语法，类似于 Sass 和 Stylus。
+- [`postcss-syntax`] 通过文件扩展名自动切换语法。
+- [`postcss-html`] 解析类 HTML 文件里`<style>`标签中的样式。
+- [`postcss-markdown`] 解析 Markdown 文件里代码块中的样式。
+- [`postcss-jsx`] 解析源文件里模板或对象字面量中的CSS。
+- [`postcss-styled`] 解析源文件里模板字面量中的CSS。
+- [`postcss-scss`] 允许你使用 SCSS _(但并没有将 SCSS 编译到 CSS)_。
+- [`postcss-sass`] 允许你使用 Sass _(但并没有将 Sass 编译到 CSS)_。
+- [`postcss-less`] 允许你使用 Less _(但并没有将 LESS 编译到 CSS)_。
+- [`postcss-less-engine`] 允许你使用 Less _(并且使用真正的 Less.js 把 LESS 编译到 CSS)_。
+- [`postcss-js`] 允许你在 JS 里编写样式，或者转换成 React 的内联样式／Radium／JSS。
+- [`postcss-safe-parser`] 查找并修复 CSS 语法错误。
+- [`midas`] 将 CSS 字符串转化成高亮的 HTML。
+
+[`postcss-less-engine`]: https://github.com/Crunch/postcss-less
+[`postcss-safe-parser`]: https://github.com/postcss/postcss-safe-parser
+[`postcss-syntax`]: https://github.com/gucong3000/postcss-syntax
+[`postcss-html`]: https://github.com/gucong3000/postcss-html
+[`postcss-markdown`]: https://github.com/gucong3000/postcss-markdown
+[`postcss-jsx`]: https://github.com/gucong3000/postcss-jsx
+[`postcss-styled`]: https://github.com/gucong3000/postcss-styled
+[`postcss-scss`]: https://github.com/postcss/postcss-scss
+[`postcss-sass`]: https://github.com/AleshaOleg/postcss-sass
+[`postcss-less`]: https://github.com/webschik/postcss-less
+[`postcss-js`]: https://github.com/postcss/postcss-js
+[`sugarss`]: https://github.com/postcss/sugarss
+[`midas`]: https://github.com/ben-eb/midas
+
+## 文章
+
+- [一些你对 PostCSS 可能产生的误解](http://julian.io/some-things-you-may-think-about-postcss-and-you-might-be-wrong)
+- [PostCSS 究竟是什么，是做什么的](http://davidtheclark.com/its-time-for-everyone-to-learn-about-postcss)
+- [PostCSS 指南](http://webdesign.tutsplus.com/series/postcss-deep-dive--cms-889)
+
+你可以在 [awesome-postcss](https://github.com/jjaderg/awesome-postcss) 列表里找到更多优秀的文章和视频。
+
+## 书籍
+
+- Alex Libby, Packt 的 [网页设计之精通 PostCSS](https://www.packtpub.com/web-development/mastering-postcss-web-design) (2016年6月)
+
+## 使用方法
+
+你可以通过简单的两步便开始使用 PostCSS：
+
+1. 在你的构建工具中查找并添加 PostCSS 拓展。
+2. [选择插件]并将它们添加到你的 PostCSS 处理队列中。
+
+[选择插件]: https://postcss.org/docs/postcss-plugins
+
+### CSS-in-JS
+
+同时使用 PostCSS 与 CSS-in-JS 的最好方式是 [`astroturf`](https://github.com/4Catalyzer/astroturf)，将它的 loader 添加到 `webpack.config.js` 中：
+
+```js
+module.exports = {
+  module: {
+    rules: [
+      {
+        test: /\.css$/,
+        use: ['style-loader', 'postcss-loader']
+      },
+      {
+        test: /\.jsx?$/,
+        use: ['babel-loader', 'astroturf/loader']
+      }
+    ]
+  }
+}
+```
+
+然后创建 `postcss.config.js`：
+
+```js
+module.exports = {
+  plugins: [require('autoprefixer'), require('postcss-nested')]
+}
+```
+
+### Parcel
+
+[Parcel](https://parceljs.org/) 有内建的 PostCSS 支持，并已经使用 Autoprefixer 和 cssnano。如果你想更换插件，请在项目根目录中创建 `postcss.config.js`：
+
+```js
+module.exports = {
+  plugins: [require('autoprefixer'), require('postcss-nested')]
+}
+```
+
+Parcel 甚至会自动地帮你安装这些插件。
+
+> 请注意[第 1 版中存在的几个问题](https://github.com/parcel-bundler/parcel/labels/CSS%20Preprocessing)，第 2 版通过 [issue #2157](https://github.com/parcel-bundler/parcel/projects/5) 解决了这些问题。
+
+### Webpack
+
+在 `webpack.config.js` 里使用 [`postcss-loader`] :
+
+```js
+module.exports = {
+  module: {
+    rules: [
+      {
+        test: /\.css$/,
+        exclude: /node_modules/,
+        use: [
+          {
+            loader: 'style-loader'
+          },
+          {
+            loader: 'css-loader',
+            options: {
+              importLoaders: 1
+            }
+          },
+          {
+            loader: 'postcss-loader'
+          }
+        ]
+      }
+    ]
+  }
+}
+```
+
+然后创建 `postcss.config.js`:
+
+```js
+module.exports = {
+  plugins: [require('autoprefixer'), require('postcss-nested')]
+}
+```
+
+[`postcss-loader`]: https://github.com/postcss/postcss-loader
+
+### Gulp
+
+使用 [`gulp-postcss`] 和 [`gulp-sourcemaps`].
+
+```js
+gulp.task('css', () => {
+  const postcss = require('gulp-postcss')
+  const sourcemaps = require('gulp-sourcemaps')
+
+  return gulp
+    .src('src/**/*.css')
+    .pipe(sourcemaps.init())
+    .pipe(postcss([require('postcss-nested'), require('autoprefixer')]))
+    .pipe(sourcemaps.write('.'))
+    .pipe(gulp.dest('build/'))
+})
+```
+
+[`gulp-sourcemaps`]: https://github.com/floridoo/gulp-sourcemaps
+[`gulp-postcss`]: https://github.com/postcss/gulp-postcss
+
+### npm run / CLI
+
+如果需要在你的命令行界面或 npm 脚本里使用 PostCSS，你可以使用 [`postcss-cli`]。
+
+```sh
+postcss --use autoprefixer -c options.json -o main.css css/*.css
+```
+
+[`postcss-cli`]: https://github.com/postcss/postcss-cli
+
+### 浏览器
+
+如果你想编译浏览器里的 CSS 字符串（例如像 CodePen 一样的在线编辑器），
+只需使用 [Browserify] 或 [webpack]。它们会把 PostCSS 和插件文件打包进一个独立文件。
+
+如果想要在 React 内联样式／JSS／Radium／其它 [CSS-in-JS] 里使用 PostCSS，
+你可以用 [`postcss-js`] 然后转换样式对象。
+
+```js
+var postcss = require('postcss-js')
+var prefixer = postcss.sync([require('autoprefixer')])
+
+prefixer({ display: 'flex' }) //=> { display: ['-webkit-box', '-webkit-flex', '-ms-flexbox', 'flex'] }
+```
+
+[`postcss-js`]: https://github.com/postcss/postcss-js
+[Browserify]: http://browserify.org/
+[CSS-in-JS]: https://github.com/MicheleBertoli/css-in-js
+[webpack]: https://webpack.github.io/
+
+### 运行器
+
+- **Grunt**: [`grunt-postcss`](https://github.com/nDmitry/grunt-postcss)
+- **HTML**: [`posthtml-postcss`](https://github.com/posthtml/posthtml-postcss)
+- **Stylus**: [`poststylus`](https://github.com/seaneking/poststylus)
+- **Rollup**: [`rollup-plugin-postcss`](https://github.com/egoist/rollup-plugin-postcss)
+- **Brunch**: [`postcss-brunch`](https://github.com/brunch/postcss-brunch)
+- **Broccoli**: [`broccoli-postcss`](https://github.com/jeffjewiss/broccoli-postcss)
+- **Meteor**: [`postcss`](https://atmospherejs.com/juliancwirko/postcss)
+- **ENB**: [`enb-postcss`](https://github.com/awinogradov/enb-postcss)
+- **Taskr**: [`taskr-postcss`](https://github.com/lukeed/taskr/tree/master/packages/postcss)
+- **Start**: [`start-postcss`](https://github.com/start-runner/postcss)
+- **Connect/Express**: [`postcss-middleware`](https://github.com/jedmao/postcss-middleware)
+
+### JS API
+
+对于其它的应用环境，你可以使用 JS API：
+
+```js
+const postcssNested = require('postcss-nested')
+const autoprefixer = require('autoprefixer')
+const postcss = require('postcss')
+const fs = require('fs')
+
+fs.readFile('src/app.css', (err, css) => {
+  postcss([postcssNested, autoprefixer])
+    .process(css, { from: 'src/app.css', to: 'dest/app.css' })
+    .then(result => {
+      fs.writeFile('dest/app.css', result.css)
+      if (result.map) fs.writeFile('dest/app.css.map', result.map)
+    })
+})
+```
+
+阅读 [PostCSS API 文档] 获取更多有关 JS API 的信息.
+
+所有的 PostCSS 运行器应当通过 [PostCSS 运行器指南]。
+
+[PostCSS 运行器指南]: https://github.com/postcss/postcss/blob/main/docs/guidelines/runner.md
+[PostCSS API 文档]: https://postcss.org/api/
+
+### 配置选项
+
+绝大多数 PostCSS 运行器接受两个参数：
+
+- 一个包含所需插件的数组
+- 一个配置选项的对象
+
+常见的选项：
+
+- `syntax`: 一个提供了语法解释器和 stringifier 的对象。
+- `parser`: 一个特殊的语法解释器（例如 [SCSS]）。
+- `stringifier`: 一个特殊的语法 output 生成器（例如 [Midas]）。
+- `map`: [source map 选项].
+- `from`: input 文件名称（大多数运行器自动设置了这个）。
+- `to`: output 文件名称（大多数运行器自动设置了这个）。
+
+[source map 选项]: https://postcss.org/api/#sourcemapoptions
+[Midas]: https://github.com/ben-eb/midas
+[SCSS]: https://github.com/postcss/postcss-scss
+
+### Atom
+
+- [`language-postcss`] 添加了 PostCSS 和 [SugarSS] 代码高亮。
+- [`source-preview-postcss`] 在一个独立窗口里实时预览生成的 CSS。
+
+[SugarSS]: https://github.com/postcss/sugarss
+
+### Sublime Text
+
+- [`Syntax-highlighting-for-PostCSS`] 添加了 PostCSS 代码高亮。
+
+[`Syntax-highlighting-for-PostCSS`]: https://github.com/hudochenkov/Syntax-highlighting-for-PostCSS
+[`source-preview-postcss`]: https://atom.io/packages/source-preview-postcss
+[`language-postcss`]: https://atom.io/packages/language-postcss
+
+### Vim
+
+- [`postcss.vim`] 添加了 PostCSS 代码高亮。
+
+[`postcss.vim`]: https://github.com/stephenway/postcss.vim
+
+### WebStorm
+
+自 WebStorm 2016.3 开始，[提供了] 内建的 PostCSS 支持。
+
+[提供了]: https://blog.jetbrains.com/webstorm/2016/08/webstorm-2016-3-early-access-preview/
diff --git a/docs/README.md b/docs/README.md
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..2e046b408
--- /dev/null
+++ b/docs/README.md
@@ -0,0 +1,89 @@
+# Documentation
+
+- [PostCSS Architecture](https://github.com/postcss/postcss/blob/main/docs/architecture.md#postcss-architecture)
+  - [Overview](https://github.com/postcss/postcss/blob/main/docs/architecture.md#overview)
+  - [Workflow](https://github.com/postcss/postcss/blob/main/docs/architecture.md#workflow)
+  - [Core Structures](https://github.com/postcss/postcss/blob/main/docs/architecture.md#core-structures)
+  - [API Reference](https://github.com/postcss/postcss/blob/main/docs/architecture.md#api-reference)
+- [PostCSS Plugins](https://github.com/postcss/postcss/blob/main/docs/plugins.md#postcss-plugins)
+  - [Control](https://github.com/postcss/postcss/blob/main/docs/plugins.md#control)
+  - [Packs](https://github.com/postcss/postcss/blob/main/docs/plugins.md#packs)
+  - [Future CSS Syntax](https://github.com/postcss/postcss/blob/main/docs/plugins.md#future-css-syntax)
+  - [Fallbacks](https://github.com/postcss/postcss/blob/main/docs/plugins.md#fallbacks)
+  - [Language Extensions](https://github.com/postcss/postcss/blob/main/docs/plugins.md#language-extensions)
+  - [Colors](https://github.com/postcss/postcss/blob/main/docs/plugins.md#colors)
+  - [Images and Fonts](https://github.com/postcss/postcss/blob/main/docs/plugins.md#images-and-fonts)
+  - [Grids](https://github.com/postcss/postcss/blob/main/docs/plugins.md#grids)
+  - [Optimizations](https://github.com/postcss/postcss/blob/main/docs/plugins.md#optimizations)
+  - [Shortcuts](https://github.com/postcss/postcss/blob/main/docs/plugins.md#shortcuts)
+  - [Others](https://github.com/postcss/postcss/blob/main/docs/plugins.md#others)
+  - [Analysis](https://github.com/postcss/postcss/blob/main/docs/plugins.md#analysis)
+  - [Reporters](https://github.com/postcss/postcss/blob/main/docs/plugins.md#reporters)
+  - [Fun](https://github.com/postcss/postcss/blob/main/docs/plugins.md#fun)
+- [PostCSS and Source Maps](https://github.com/postcss/postcss/blob/main/docs/source-maps.md#postcss-and-source-maps)
+
+- [How to Write Custom Syntax](https://github.com/postcss/postcss/blob/main/docs/syntax.md#how-to-write-custom-syntax)
+  - [Syntax](https://github.com/postcss/postcss/blob/main/docs/syntax.md#syntax)
+  - [Parser](https://github.com/postcss/postcss/blob/main/docs/syntax.md#parser)
+    - [Main Theory](https://github.com/postcss/postcss/blob/main/docs/syntax.md#main-theory)
+    - [Performance](https://github.com/postcss/postcss/blob/main/docs/syntax.md#performance)
+    - [Node Source](https://github.com/postcss/postcss/blob/main/docs/syntax.md#node-source)
+    - [Raw Values](https://github.com/postcss/postcss/blob/main/docs/syntax.md#raw-values)
+    - [Tests](https://github.com/postcss/postcss/blob/main/docs/syntax.md#tests)
+  - [Stringifier](https://github.com/postcss/postcss/blob/main/docs/syntax.md#stringifier)
+    - [Main Theory](https://github.com/postcss/postcss/blob/main/docs/syntax.md#main-theory-1)
+    - [Builder Function](https://github.com/postcss/postcss/blob/main/docs/syntax.md#builder-function)
+    - [Raw Values](https://github.com/postcss/postcss/blob/main/docs/syntax.md#raw-values-1)
+    - [Tests](https://github.com/postcss/postcss/blob/main/docs/syntax.md#tests-1)
+- [Writing a PostCSS Plugin](https://github.com/postcss/postcss/blob/main/docs/writing-a-plugin.md#writing-a-postcss-plugin)
+  - [Links](https://github.com/postcss/postcss/blob/main/docs/writing-a-plugin.md#links)
+  - [Step 1: Create an idea](https://github.com/postcss/postcss/blob/main/docs/writing-a-plugin.md#step-1-create-an-idea)
+  - [Step 2: Create a project](https://github.com/postcss/postcss/blob/main/docs/writing-a-plugin.md#step-2-create-a-project)
+  - [Step 3: Find nodes](https://github.com/postcss/postcss/blob/main/docs/writing-a-plugin.md#step-3-find-nodes)
+  - [Step 4: Change nodes](https://github.com/postcss/postcss/blob/main/docs/writing-a-plugin.md#step-4-change-nodes)
+  - [Step 5: Fight with frustration](https://github.com/postcss/postcss/blob/main/docs/writing-a-plugin.md#step-5-fight-with-frustration)
+  - [Step 6: Make it public](https://github.com/postcss/postcss/blob/main/docs/writing-a-plugin.md#step-6-make-it-public)
+
+**Guidlines**
+
+- [PostCSS Plugin Guidelines](https://github.com/postcss/postcss/blob/main/docs/guidelines/plugin.md#postcss-plugin-guidelines)
+  - [API](https://github.com/postcss/postcss/blob/main/docs/guidelines/plugin.md#1-api)
+    - [1.1 Clear name with `postcss-` prefix](https://github.com/postcss/postcss/blob/main/docs/guidelines/plugin.md#11-clear-name-with-postcss--prefix)
+    - [1.2. Do one thing, and do it well](https://github.com/postcss/postcss/blob/main/docs/guidelines/plugin.md#12-do-one-thing-and-do-it-well)
+    - [1.3. Do not use mixins](https://github.com/postcss/postcss/blob/main/docs/guidelines/plugin.md#13-do-not-use-mixins)
+    - [1.4. Keep `postcss` to `peerDependencies`](https://github.com/postcss/postcss/blob/main/docs/guidelines/plugin.md#14-keep-postcss-to-peerdependencies)
+    - [1.5. Set `plugin.postcssPlugin` with plugin name](https://github.com/postcss/postcss/blob/main/docs/guidelines/plugin.md#15-set-pluginpostcssplugin-with-plugin-name)
+  - [Processing](https://github.com/postcss/postcss/blob/main/docs/guidelines/plugin.md#2-processing)
+    - [2.1. Plugin must be tested](https://github.com/postcss/postcss/blob/main/docs/guidelines/plugin.md#21-plugin-must-be-tested)
+    - [2.2. Use asynchronous methods whenever possible](https://github.com/postcss/postcss/blob/main/docs/guidelines/plugin.md#22-use-asynchronous-methods-whenever-possible)
+    - [2.3. Use fast node’s scanning](https://github.com/postcss/postcss/blob/main/docs/guidelines/plugin.md#23-use-fast-nodes-scanning)
+    - [2.4. Set `node.source` for new nodes](https://github.com/postcss/postcss/blob/main/docs/guidelines/plugin.md#24-set-nodesource-for-new-nodes)
+    - [2.5. Use only the public PostCSS API](https://github.com/postcss/postcss/blob/main/docs/guidelines/plugin.md#25-use-only-the-public-postcss-api)
+  - [Dependencies](https://github.com/postcss/postcss/blob/main/docs/guidelines/plugin.md#3-dependencies)
+    - [3.1. Use messages to specify dependencies](https://github.com/postcss/postcss/blob/main/docs/guidelines/plugin.md#31-use-messages-to-specify-dependencies)
+  - [Errors](https://github.com/postcss/postcss/blob/main/docs/guidelines/plugin.md#4-errors)
+    - [4.1. Use `node.error` on CSS relevant errors](https://github.com/postcss/postcss/blob/main/docs/guidelines/plugin.md#41-use-nodeerror-on-css-relevant-errors)
+    - [4.2. Use `result.warn` for warnings](https://github.com/postcss/postcss/blob/main/docs/guidelines/plugin.md#42-use-resultwarn-for-warnings)
+  - [Documentation](https://github.com/postcss/postcss/blob/main/docs/guidelines/plugin.md#5-documentation)
+    - [5.1. Document your plugin in English](https://github.com/postcss/postcss/blob/main/docs/guidelines/plugin.md#51-document-your-plugin-in-english)
+    - [5.2. Include input and output examples](https://github.com/postcss/postcss/blob/main/docs/guidelines/plugin.md#52-include-input-and-output-examples)
+    - [5.3. Maintain a changelog](https://github.com/postcss/postcss/blob/main/docs/guidelines/plugin.md#53-maintain-a-changelog)
+    - [5.4. Include `postcss-plugin` keyword in `package.json`](https://github.com/postcss/postcss/blob/main/docs/guidelines/plugin.md#54-include-postcss-plugin-keyword-in-packagejson)
+
+- [PostCSS Runner Guidelines](https://github.com/postcss/postcss/blob/main/docs/guidelines/runner.md#postcss-runner-guidelines)
+  - [API](https://github.com/postcss/postcss/blob/main/docs/guidelines/runner.md#1-api)
+    - [1.1. Accept functions in plugin parameters](https://github.com/postcss/postcss/blob/main/docs/guidelines/runner.md#11-accept-functions-in-plugin-parameters)
+  - [Processing](https://github.com/postcss/postcss/blob/main/docs/guidelines/runner.md#21-set-from-and-to-processing-options)
+    - [2.1. Set `from` and `to` processing options](https://github.com/postcss/postcss/blob/main/docs/guidelines/runner.md#21-set-from-and-to-processing-options)
+    - [2.2. Use only the asynchronous API](https://github.com/postcss/postcss/blob/main/docs/guidelines/runner.md#22-use-only-the-asynchronous-api)
+    - [2.3. Use only the public PostCSS API](https://github.com/postcss/postcss/blob/main/docs/guidelines/runner.md#23-use-only-the-public-postcss-api)
+    - [3.1. Rebuild when dependencies change](https://github.com/postcss/postcss/blob/main/docs/guidelines/runner.md#31-rebuild-when-dependencies-change)
+  - [Output](https://github.com/postcss/postcss/blob/main/docs/guidelines/runner.md#4-output)
+    - [4.1. Don’t show JS stack for `CssSyntaxError`](https://github.com/postcss/postcss/blob/main/docs/guidelines/runner.md#41-dont-show-js-stack-for-csssyntaxerror)
+    - [4.2. Display `result.warnings()`](https://github.com/postcss/postcss/blob/main/docs/guidelines/runner.md#42-display-resultwarnings)
+    - [4.3. Allow the user to write source maps to different files](https://github.com/postcss/postcss/blob/main/docs/guidelines/runner.md#43-allow-the-user-to-write-source-maps-to-different-files)
+  - [Documentation](https://github.com/postcss/postcss/blob/main/docs/guidelines/runner.md#5-documentation)
+    - [5.1. Document your runner in English](https://github.com/postcss/postcss/blob/main/docs/guidelines/runner.md#51-document-your-runner-in-english)
+    - [5.2. Maintain a changelog](https://github.com/postcss/postcss/blob/main/docs/guidelines/runner.md#52-maintain-a-changelog)
+    - [5.3. `postcss-runner` keyword in `package.json`](https://github.com/postcss/postcss/blob/main/docs/guidelines/runner.md#53-postcss-runner-keyword-in-packagejson)
+    - [5.4. Keep postcss to peerDependencies](https://github.com/postcss/postcss/blob/main/docs/guidelines/runner.md#54-keep-postcss-to-peerdependencies)
diff --git a/docs/SECURITY.md b/docs/SECURITY.md
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..abaea53c2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/docs/SECURITY.md
@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+# Security Policy
+
+## Supported Versions
+
+Only the latest release is supported.
+
+| Version | Supported          |
+| ------- | ------------------ |
+| 8.5.x   | :white_check_mark: |
+| < 8.5.x | :x:                |
+
+After releasing new major version, we support old major for a year.
+
+## Reporting a Vulnerability
+
+To report a security vulnerability, please use the [Tidelift security contact].
+Tidelift will coordinate the fix and disclosure.
+
+[Tidelift security contact]: https://tidelift.com/security
diff --git a/docs/THREAT_MODEL.md b/docs/THREAT_MODEL.md
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..293b4e99f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/docs/THREAT_MODEL.md
@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+# Threat Model
+
+What threats we think of when we design our tool and process.
+
+## Stealing maintainer credentials
+
+> Attacker put malware to PostCSS `devDependencies` so maintainer will be injected and their credentials will be stolen to put malware now in this package.
+
+Solutions:
+
+1. We are working only in Dev Container. Attacker will have very limited access to host.
+2. `npm` 2FA is on hardware token, so even maintainer machine compromising will not lead to leaking full-time credentials.
+
+## Malware in nested dependencies
+
+> The tool’s dependencies will be hijacked and malware will be installed to all tool’s users.
+
+Solutions:
+
+1. We use only dependencies without own dependencies.
+2. We try to reduce dependencies as much as possible.
+
+## Malware from development dependencies
+
+> Malware in tool’s dependencies can write some script into the tool’s source code. A maintainer releases it unnoticed.
+
+Solutions:
+
+1. For development we use `pnpm` without a `postinstall` script.
+2. We use `pnpm` with [`minimumReleaseAge`](https://pnpm.io/supply-chain-security#delay-dependency-updates) with 1 day cool down.
+3. We are using lockfile for pnpm and also for GitHub Actions.
diff --git a/docs/architecture.md b/docs/architecture.md
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..2537a11b8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/docs/architecture.md
@@ -0,0 +1,148 @@
+# PostCSS Architecture
+
+General overview of the PostCSS architecture.
+It can be useful for everyone who wishes to contribute to the core or develop a better understanding of the tool.
+
+**Table of Contents**
+
+- [Overview](#overview)
+- [Workflow](#workflow)
+- [Core Structures](#core-structures)
+- [API Reference](#api-reference)
+
+### Overview
+
+> This section describes ideas lying behind PostCSS
+
+Before diving deeper into the development of PostCSS let's briefly describe what is PostCSS and what is not.
+
+**PostCSS**
+
+- _is **NOT** a style preprocessor like `Sass` or `Less`._
+
+  It does not define a custom syntax and semantics, it's not actually a language.
+  PostCSS works with CSS and can be easily integrated with the tools described above. That being said any valid CSS can be processed by PostCSS.
+
+- _is a tool for CSS syntax transformations_
+
+  It allows you to define custom CSS like syntax that could be understandable and transformed by plugins. That being said PostCSS is not strictly about CSS spec but about syntax definition manner of CSS. In such a way you can define custom syntax constructs like at-rule, that could be very helpful for tools build around PostCSS. PostCSS plays the role of a framework for building outstanding tools for CSS manipulations.
+
+- _is a big player in CSS ecosystem_
+
+  A Large amount of lovely tools like `Autoprefixer`, `Stylelint`, `CSSnano` were built on PostCSS ecosystem. There is a big chance that you already use it implicitly, just check your `node_modules` :smiley:
+
+### Workflow
+
+This is a [high-level overview](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:PostCSS_scheme.svg) of the whole PostCSS workflow.
+
+You can see a part called _Parser_, this construct will be described in details later on, just for now think about it as a structure that can understand your CSS like syntax and create an object representation of it.
+
+That being said, there are few ways to write a parser.
+
+- _Write a single file with string to AST transformation_
+
+  This method is quite popular, for example, the [Rework analyzer](https://github.com/reworkcss/css/blob/master/lib/parse/index.js) was written in this style. But with a large code base, the code becomes hard to read and pretty slow.
+
+- _Split it into lexical analysis/parsing steps (source string → tokens → AST)_
+
+  This is the way of how we do it in PostCSS and also the most popular one.
+  A lot of parsers like [`@babel/parser` (parser behind Babel)](https://github.com/babel/babel/tree/master/packages/babel-parser), [`CSSTree`](https://github.com/csstree/csstree) were written in such way.
+  The main reasons to separate tokenization from parsing steps are performance and abstracting complexity.
+
+Let's think about why the second way is better for our needs.
+
+First of all, because string to tokens step takes more time than parsing step. We operate on large source string and process it char by char, this is why it is very inefficient operation in terms of performance and we should perform it only once.
+
+But from other side tokens to AST transformation is logically more complex so with such separation we could write very fast tokenizer (but from this comes sometimes hard to read code) and easy to read (but slow) parser.
+
+Summing it up splitting into two steps improve performance and code readability.
+
+So now let's look more closely on structures that play the main role in PostCSS workflow.
+
+### Core Structures
+
+- #### Tokenizer [`lib/tokenize.js`](https://github.com/postcss/postcss/blob/main/lib/tokenize.js)
+
+  Tokenizer (aka Lexer) plays important role in syntax analysis.
+
+  It accepts CSS string and returns a list of tokens.
+
+  Token is a simple structure that describes some part of syntax like `at-rule`, `comment` or `word`. It can also contain positional information for more descriptive errors.
+
+  For example, if we consider following CSS
+
+  ```css
+  .className {
+    color: #fff;
+  }
+  ```
+
+  corresponding tokens from PostCSS will be
+
+  ```js
+  ;[
+    ['word', '.className', 1, 1, 1, 10][('space', ' ')][('{', '{', 1, 12)][
+      ('space', ' ')
+    ][('word', 'color', 1, 14, 1, 18)][(':', ':', 1, 19)][('space', ' ')][
+      ('word', '#FFF', 1, 21, 1, 23)
+    ][(';', ';', 1, 24)][('space', ' ')][('}', '}', 1, 26)]
+  ]
+  ```
+
+  As you can see from the example above a single token represented as a list and also `space` token doesn't have positional information.
+
+  Let's look more closely on single token like `word`. As it was said each token represented as a list and follow such pattern.
+
+  ```js
+  const token = [
+    // represents token type
+    'word',
+
+    // represents matched word
+    '.className',
+
+    // This two numbers represent start position of token.
+    // It is optional value as we saw in the example above,
+    // tokens like `space` don't have such information.
+
+    // Here the first number is line number and the second one is corresponding column.
+    1,
+    1,
+
+    // Next two numbers also optional and represent end position for multichar tokens like this one. Numbers follow same rule as was described above
+    1,
+    10
+  ]
+  ```
+
+  There are many patterns how tokenization could be done, PostCSS motto is performance and simplicity. Tokenization is a complex computing operation and takes a large amount of syntax analysis time ( ~90% ), that why PostCSS' Tokenizer looks dirty but it was optimized for speed. Any high-level constructs like classes could dramatically slow down tokenizer.
+
+  PostCSS' Tokenizer uses some sort of streaming/chaining API where you expose [`nextToken()`](https://github.com/postcss/postcss/blob/main/lib/tokenize.js#L48-L308) method to Parser. In this manner, we provide a clean interface for Parser and reduce memory usage by storing only a few tokens and not the whole list of tokens.
+
+- #### Parser [`lib/parse.js`](https://github.com/postcss/postcss/blob/main/lib/parse.js), [`lib/parser.js`](https://github.com/postcss/postcss/blob/main/lib/parser.js)
+
+  Parser is the main structure responsible for [syntax analysis](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parsing) of incoming CSS. Parser produces a structure called [Abstract Syntax Tree (AST)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abstract_syntax_tree) that could then be transformed by plugins later on.
+
+  Parser works in common with Tokenizer and operates over tokens, not source string, as it would be a very inefficient operation.
+
+  It uses mostly `nextToken` and `back` methods provided by Tokenizer for obtaining single or multiple tokens and then construct part of AST called `Node`.
+
+  There are multiple Node types that PostCSS could produce but all of them inherit from base Node [class](https://github.com/postcss/postcss/blob/main/lib/node.js#L34).
+
+- #### Processor [`lib/processor.js`](https://github.com/postcss/postcss/blob/main/lib/processor.js)
+
+  Processor is a very plain structure that initializes plugins and runs syntax transformations
+
+  It exposes only a few public API methods. Description of them could be found on [API](https://postcss.org/api/#processor)
+
+- #### Stringifier [`lib/stringify.js`](https://github.com/postcss/postcss/blob/main/lib/stringify.js), [`lib/stringifier.js`](https://github.com/postcss/postcss/blob/main/lib/stringifier.js)
+
+  Stringifier is a base class that translates modified AST to pure CSS string. Stringifier traverses AST starting from provided Node and generates a raw string representation of it calling corresponding methods.
+
+  The most essential method is [`Stringifier.stringify`](https://github.com/postcss/postcss/blob/main/lib/stringifier.js#L25-L27)
+  that accepts initial Node and semicolon indicator.
+  You can learn more by checking [stringifier.js](https://github.com/postcss/postcss/blob/main/lib/stringifier.js)
+
+### API Reference
+
+More descriptive API documentation could be found [here](https://postcss.org/api/)
diff --git a/docs/guidelines/plugin.md b/docs/guidelines/plugin.md
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..c5679674c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/docs/guidelines/plugin.md
@@ -0,0 +1,326 @@
+# PostCSS Plugin Guidelines
+
+A PostCSS plugin is a function that receives and, usually,
+transforms a CSS AST from the PostCSS parser.
+
+The rules below are _mandatory_ for all PostCSS plugins.
+
+See also [ClojureWerkz’s recommendations] for open source projects.
+
+[ClojureWerkz’s recommendations]: http://blog.clojurewerkz.org/blog/2013/04/20/how-to-make-your-open-source-project-really-awesome/
+
+**Table of Contents**
+
+- [API](#1-api)
+  - [1.1 Clear name with `postcss-` prefix](#11-clear-name-with-postcss--prefix)
+  - [1.2. Do one thing, and do it well](#12-do-one-thing-and-do-it-well)
+  - [1.3. Do not use mixins](#13-do-not-use-mixins)
+  - [1.4. Keep `postcss` to `peerDependencies`](#14-keep-postcss-to-peerdependencies)
+  - [1.5. Set `plugin.postcssPlugin` with plugin name](#15-set-pluginpostcssplugin-with-plugin-name)
+- [Processing](#2-processing)
+  - [2.1. Plugin must be tested](#21-plugin-must-be-tested)
+  - [2.2. Use asynchronous methods whenever possible](#22-use-asynchronous-methods-whenever-possible)
+  - [2.3. Use fast node’s scanning](#23-use-fast-nodes-scanning)
+  - [2.4. Set `node.source` for new nodes](#24-set-nodesource-for-new-nodes)
+  - [2.5. Use only the public PostCSS API](#25-use-only-the-public-postcss-api)
+- [Dependencies](#3-dependencies)
+  - [3.1. Use messages to specify dependencies](#31-use-messages-to-specify-dependencies)
+- [Errors](#4-errors)
+  - [4.1. Use `node.error` on CSS relevant errors](#41-use-nodeerror-on-css-relevant-errors)
+  - [4.2. Use `result.warn` for warnings](#42-use-resultwarn-for-warnings)
+- [Documentation](#5-documentation)
+- [5.1. Document your plugin in English](#51-document-your-plugin-in-english)
+- [5.2. Include input and output examples](#52-include-input-and-output-examples)
+- [5.3. Maintain a changelog](#53-maintain-a-changelog)
+- [5.4. Include `postcss-plugin` keyword in `package.json`](#54-include-postcss-plugin-keyword-in-packagejson)
+
+## 1. API
+
+### 1.1 Clear name with `postcss-` prefix
+
+The plugin’s purpose should be clear just by reading its name.
+If you wrote a transpiler for CSS 4 Custom Media, `postcss-custom-media`
+would be a good name. If you wrote a plugin to support mixins,
+`postcss-mixins` would be a good name.
+
+The prefix `postcss-` shows that the plugin is part of the PostCSS ecosystem.
+
+This rule is not mandatory for plugins that can run as independent tools,
+without the user necessarily knowing that it is powered by
+PostCSS — for example, [RTLCSS] and [Autoprefixer].
+
+[Autoprefixer]: https://github.com/postcss/autoprefixer
+[RTLCSS]: https://rtlcss.com/
+
+### 1.2. Do one thing, and do it well
+
+Do not create multitool plugins. Several small, one-purpose plugins bundled into
+a plugin pack is usually a better solution.
+
+For example, [`postcss-preset-env`] contains many small plugins,
+one for each W3C specification. And [`cssnano`] contains a separate plugin
+for each of its optimization.
+
+[`postcss-preset-env`]: https://preset-env.cssdb.org/
+[`cssnano`]: https://github.com/cssnano/cssnano
+
+### 1.3. Do not use mixins
+
+Preprocessors libraries like Compass provide an API with mixins.
+
+PostCSS plugins are different.
+A plugin cannot be just a set of mixins for [`postcss-mixins`].
+
+To achieve your goal, consider transforming valid CSS
+or using custom at-rules and custom properties.
+
+[`postcss-mixins`]: https://github.com/postcss/postcss-mixins
+
+### 1.4. Keep `postcss` to `peerDependencies`
+
+AST can be broken because of different `postcss` version in different plugins.
+Different plugins could use a different node creators (like `postcss.decl()`).
+
+```json
+{
+  "peerDependencies": {
+    "postcss": "^8.0.0"
+  }
+}
+```
+
+It is better even not to import `postcss`.
+
+```diff
+- const { list, decl } = require('postcss')
+  module.exports = opts => {
+    postcssPlugin: 'postcss-name',
+-   Once (root) {
++   Once (root, { list, decl }) {
+      // Plugin code
+    }
+  }
+  module.exports.postcss = true
+```
+
+### 1.5. Set `plugin.postcssPlugin` with plugin name
+
+Plugin name will be used in error messages and warnings.
+
+```js
+const plugin = opts => {
+  return {
+    postcssPlugin: 'postcss-name',
+    Once(root) {
+      // Plugin code
+    }
+  }
+}
+plugin.postcss = true
+
+export default plugin
+```
+
+## 2. Processing
+
+### 2.1. Plugin must be tested
+
+A CI service like [Travis] is also recommended for testing code in
+different environments. You should test in (at least) Node.js [active LTS](https://github.com/nodejs/LTS) and current stable version.
+
+[Travis]: https://travis-ci.org/
+
+### 2.2. Use asynchronous methods whenever possible
+
+For example, use `fs.writeFile` instead of `fs.writeFileSync`:
+
+```js
+let { readFile } = require('fs').promises
+
+module.exports = opts => {
+  return {
+    postcssPlugin: 'plugin-inline',
+    async Decl(decl) {
+      const imagePath = findImage(decl)
+      if (imagePath) {
+        let imageFile = await readFile(imagePath)
+        decl.value = replaceUrl(decl.value, imageFile)
+      }
+    }
+  }
+}
+module.exports.postcss = true
+```
+
+### 2.3. Use fast node’s scanning
+
+Subscribing for specific node type is much faster, than calling `walk*` method:
+
+```diff
+  module.exports = {
+    postcssPlugin: 'postcss-example',
+-   Once (root) {
+-     root.walkDecls(decl => {
+-       // Slow
+-     })
+-   }
++   Declaration (decl) {
++     // Faster
++   }
+  }
+  module.exports.postcss = true
+```
+
+But you can make scanning even faster, if you know, what declaration’s property
+or at-rule’s name do you need:
+
+```diff
+  module.exports = {
+    postcssPlugin: 'postcss-example',
+-   Declaration (decl) {
+-     if (decl.prop === 'color') {
+-       // Faster
+-     }
+-   }
++   Declaration: {
++     color: decl => {
++       // The fastest
++     }
++   }
+  }
+  module.exports.postcss = true
+```
+
+### 2.4. Set `node.source` for new nodes
+
+Every node must have a relevant `source` so PostCSS can generate
+an accurate source map.
+
+So if you add a new declaration based on some existing declaration, you should
+clone the existing declaration in order to save that original `source`.
+
+```js
+if (needPrefix(decl.prop)) {
+  decl.cloneBefore({ prop: '-webkit-' + decl.prop })
+}
+```
+
+You can also set `source` directly, copying from some existing node:
+
+```js
+if (decl.prop === 'animation') {
+  const keyframe = createAnimationByName(decl.value)
+  keyframes.source = decl.source
+  decl.root().append(keyframes)
+}
+```
+
+### 2.5. Use only the public PostCSS API
+
+PostCSS plugins must not rely on undocumented properties or methods,
+which may be subject to change in any minor release. The public API
+is described in [API docs].
+
+[API docs]: https://postcss.org/api/
+
+## 3. Dependencies
+
+### 3.1. Use messages to specify dependencies
+
+If a plugin depends on another file, it should be specified by attaching
+a `dependency` message to the `result`:
+
+```js
+result.messages.push({
+  type: 'dependency',
+  plugin: 'postcss-import',
+  file: '/imported/file.css',
+  parent: result.opts.from
+})
+```
+
+Directory dependencies should be specified using the `dir-dependency` message
+type. By default all files within the directory (recursively) are considered
+dependencies. An optional `glob` property can be used to indicate that only
+files matching a specific glob pattern should be considered.
+
+```js
+result.messages.push({
+  type: 'dir-dependency',
+  plugin: 'postcss-import',
+  dir: '/imported',
+  glob: '**/*.css', // optional
+  parent: result.opts.from
+})
+```
+
+## 4. Errors
+
+### 4.1. Use `node.error` on CSS relevant errors
+
+If you have an error because of input CSS (like an unknown name
+in a mixin plugin) you should use `node.error` to create an error
+that includes source position:
+
+```js
+if (typeof mixins[name] === 'undefined') {
+  throw node.error('Unknown mixin ' + name)
+}
+```
+
+### 4.2. Use `result.warn` for warnings
+
+Do not print warnings with `console.log` or `console.warn`,
+because some PostCSS runner may not allow console output.
+
+```js
+Declaration (decl, { result }) {
+  if (outdated(decl.prop)) {
+    result.warn(decl.prop + ' is outdated', { node: decl })
+  }
+}
+```
+
+If CSS input is a source of the warning, the plugin must set the `node` option.
+
+## 5. Documentation
+
+### 5.1. Document your plugin in English
+
+PostCSS plugins must have their `README.md` wrote in English. Do not be afraid
+of your English skills, as the open source community will fix your errors.
+
+Of course, you are welcome to write documentation in other languages;
+just name them appropriately (e.g. `README.ja.md`).
+
+### 5.2. Include input and output examples
+
+The plugin's `README.md` must contain example input and output CSS.
+A clear example is the best way to describe how your plugin works.
+
+The first section of the `README.md` is a good place to put examples.
+See [postcss-opacity](https://github.com/iamvdo/postcss-opacity) for an example.
+
+Of course, this guideline does not apply if your plugin does not
+transform the CSS.
+
+### 5.3. Maintain a changelog
+
+PostCSS plugins must describe the changes of all their releases
+in a separate file, such as `CHANGELOG.md`, `History.md`, or [GitHub Releases].
+Visit [Keep A Changelog] for more information about how to write one of these.
+
+Of course, you should be using [SemVer].
+
+[Keep A Changelog]: https://keepachangelog.com/
+[GitHub Releases]: https://help.github.com/articles/creating-releases/
+[SemVer]: https://semver.org/
+
+### 5.4. Include `postcss-plugin` keyword in `package.json`
+
+PostCSS plugins written for npm must have the `postcss-plugin` keyword
+in their `package.json`. This special keyword will be useful for feedback about
+the PostCSS ecosystem.
+
+For packages not published to npm, this is not mandatory, but is recommended
+if the package format can contain keywords.
diff --git a/docs/guidelines/runner.md b/docs/guidelines/runner.md
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..25c1722ea
--- /dev/null
+++ b/docs/guidelines/runner.md
@@ -0,0 +1,201 @@
+# PostCSS Runner Guidelines
+
+A PostCSS runner is a tool that processes CSS through a user-defined list
+of plugins; for example, [`postcss-cli`] or [`gulp‑postcss`].
+These rules are mandatory for any such runners.
+
+For single-plugin tools, like [`gulp-autoprefixer`],
+these rules are not mandatory but are highly recommended.
+
+See also [ClojureWerkz’s recommendations] for open source projects.
+
+[ClojureWerkz’s recommendations]: http://blog.clojurewerkz.org/blog/2013/04/20/how-to-make-your-open-source-project-really-awesome/
+[`gulp-autoprefixer`]: https://github.com/sindresorhus/gulp-autoprefixer
+[`gulp‑postcss`]: https://github.com/w0rm/gulp-postcss
+[`postcss-cli`]: https://github.com/postcss/postcss-cli
+
+**Table of Contents**
+
+- [API](#1-api)
+  - [1.1. Accept functions in plugin parameters](#11-accept-functions-in-plugin-parameters)
+- [Processing](#21-set-from-and-to-processing-options)
+  - [2.1. Set `from` and `to` processing options](#21-set-from-and-to-processing-options)
+  - [2.2. Use only the asynchronous API](#22-use-only-the-asynchronous-api)
+  - [2.3. Use only the public PostCSS API](#23-use-only-the-public-postcss-api)
+  - [3.1. Rebuild when dependencies change](#31-rebuild-when-dependencies-change)
+- [Output](#4-output)
+  - [4.1. Don’t show JS stack for `CssSyntaxError`](#41-dont-show-js-stack-for-csssyntaxerror)
+  - [4.2. Display `result.warnings()`](#42-display-resultwarnings)
+  - [4.3. Allow the user to write source maps to different files](#43-allow-the-user-to-write-source-maps-to-different-files)
+- [Documentation](#5-output)
+  - [5.1. Document your runner in English](#51-document-your-runner-in-english)
+  - [5.2. Maintain a changelog](#52-maintain-a-changelog)
+  - [5.3. `postcss-runner` keyword in `package.json`](#53-postcss-runner-keyword-in-packagejson)
+  - [5.4. Keep postcss to peerDependencies](#54-keep-postcss-to-peerdependencies)
+
+## 1. API
+
+### 1.1. Accept functions in plugin parameters
+
+If your runner uses a config file, it must be written in JavaScript, so that
+it can support plugins which accept a function, such as [`postcss-assets`]:
+
+```js
+module.exports = [
+  require('postcss-assets')({
+    cachebuster: function (file) {
+      return fs.statSync(file).mtime.getTime().toString(16)
+    }
+  })
+]
+```
+
+[`postcss-assets`]: https://github.com/borodean/postcss-assets
+
+## 2. Processing
+
+### 2.1. Set `from` and `to` processing options
+
+To ensure that PostCSS generates source maps and displays better syntax errors,
+runners must specify the `from` and `to` options. If your runner does not handle
+writing to disk (for example, a gulp transform), you should set both options
+to point to the same file:
+
+```js
+processor.process({ from: file.path, to: file.path })
+```
+
+### 2.2. Use only the asynchronous API
+
+PostCSS runners must use only the asynchronous API.
+The synchronous API is provided only for debugging, is slower,
+and can’t work with asynchronous plugins.
+
+```js
+processor.process(opts).then(result => {
+  // processing is finished
+})
+```
+
+### 2.3. Use only the public PostCSS API
+
+PostCSS runners must not rely on undocumented properties or methods,
+which may be subject to change in any minor release. The public API
+is described in [API docs].
+
+[API docs]: https://postcss.org/api/
+
+## 3. Dependencies
+
+### 3.1. Rebuild when dependencies change
+
+PostCSS plugins may declare file or directory dependencies by attaching
+messages to the `result`. Runners should watch these and ensure that the
+CSS is rebuilt when they change.
+
+```js
+for (let message of result.messages) {
+  if (message.type === 'dependency') {
+    watcher.addFile(message.file)
+  } else if (message.type === 'dir-dependency' && message.glob) {
+    watcher.addPattern(file.join(message.dir, message.glob))
+  } else if (message.type === 'dir-dependency') {
+    watcher.addPattern(file.join(message.dir, '**', '*'))
+  }
+}
+```
+
+Directories should be watched recursively by default, but `dir-dependency`
+messages may contain an optional `glob` property indicating which files
+within the directory are depended on (e.g. `**/*.css`). If `glob` is
+specified then runners should only watch files matching the glob pattern,
+where possible.
+
+## 4. Output
+
+### 4.1. Don’t show JS stack for `CssSyntaxError`
+
+PostCSS runners must not show a stack trace for CSS syntax errors,
+as the runner can be used by developers who are not familiar with JavaScript.
+Instead, handle such errors gracefully:
+
+```js
+processor.process(opts).catch(error => {
+  if (error.name === 'CssSyntaxError') {
+    process.stderr.write(error.message + error.showSourceCode())
+  } else {
+    throw error
+  }
+})
+```
+
+### 4.2. Display `result.warnings()`
+
+PostCSS runners must output warnings from `result.warnings()`:
+
+```js
+result.warnings().forEach(warn => {
+  process.stderr.write(warn.toString())
+})
+```
+
+See also [postcss-log-warnings] and [postcss-messages] plugins.
+
+[postcss-log-warnings]: https://github.com/davidtheclark/postcss-log-warnings
+[postcss-messages]: https://github.com/postcss/postcss-messages
+
+### 4.3. Allow the user to write source maps to different files
+
+PostCSS by default will inline source maps in the generated file; however,
+PostCSS runners must provide an option to save the source map in a different
+file:
+
+```js
+if (result.map) {
+  fs.writeFile(opts.to + '.map', result.map.toString())
+}
+```
+
+## 5. Documentation
+
+### 5.1. Document your runner in English
+
+PostCSS runners must have their `README.md` written in English. Do not be afraid
+of your English skills, as the open source community will fix your errors.
+
+Of course, you are welcome to write documentation in other languages;
+just name them appropriately (e.g. `README.ja.md`).
+
+### 5.2. Maintain a changelog
+
+PostCSS runners must describe changes of all releases in a separate file,
+such as `ChangeLog.md`, `History.md`, or with [GitHub Releases].
+Visit [Keep A Changelog] for more information on how to write one of these.
+
+Of course, you should use [SemVer].
+
+[Keep A Changelog]: https://keepachangelog.com/
+[GitHub Releases]: https://help.github.com/articles/creating-releases/
+[SemVer]: https://semver.org/
+
+### 5.3. `postcss-runner` keyword in `package.json`
+
+PostCSS runners written for npm must have the `postcss-runner` keyword
+in their `package.json`. This special keyword will be useful for feedback about
+the PostCSS ecosystem.
+
+For packages not published to npm, this is not mandatory, but recommended
+if the package format is allowed to contain keywords.
+
+### 5.4. Keep `postcss` to `peerDependencies`
+
+AST can be broken because of different `postcss` version in different plugins.
+Different plugins could use a different node creators (like `postcss.decl()`).
+
+```json
+{
+  "peerDependencies": {
+    "postcss": "^8.0.0"
+  }
+}
+```
diff --git a/docs/plugins.md b/docs/plugins.md
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..32eeae1f2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/docs/plugins.md
@@ -0,0 +1,959 @@
+# PostCSS Plugins
+
+**Table of Contents**
+
+- [Control](#control)
+- [Packs](#packs)
+- [Future CSS Syntax](#future-css-syntax)
+- [Fallbacks](#fallbacks)
+- [Language Extensions](#language-extensions)
+- [Images and Fonts](#images-and-fonts)
+- [Grids](#grids)
+- [Optimizations](#optimizations)
+- [Shortcuts](#shortcuts)
+- [Others](#others)
+- [Analysis](#analysis)
+- [Reporters](#reporters)
+- [Fun](#fun)
+
+## Control
+
+There are two ways to make PostCSS magic more explicit.
+
+Limit a plugin's local stylesheet context using [`postcss-plugin-context`]:
+
+```pcss
+.css-example.is-test-for-css4-browsers {
+  color: gray(255, 50%);
+}
+@context postcss-preset-env {
+  .css-example.is-fallback-for-all-browsers {
+    color: gray(255, 50%);
+  }
+}
+```
+
+Or enable plugins directly in CSS using [`postcss-use`]:
+
+```pcss
+@use autoprefixer(browsers: [ 'last 2 versions']);
+
+:fullscreen a {
+  display: flex;
+}
+```
+
+[`postcss-plugin-context`]: https://github.com/postcss/postcss-plugin-context
+[`postcss-use`]: https://github.com/postcss/postcss-use
+
+## Packs
+
+- [`postcss-utilities`] includes the most commonly used mixins, shortcuts
+  and helpers to use as `@util` rules.
+- [`atcss`] contains plugins that transform your CSS according
+  to special annotation comments.
+- [`cssnano`] contains plugins that optimize CSS size for use in production.
+- [`oldie`] contains plugins that transform your CSS
+  for older Internet Explorer compatibility.
+- [`rucksack`] contains plugins to speed up CSS development
+  with new features and shortcuts.
+- [`level4`] contains only plugins that let you write CSS4 without
+  the IE9 fallbacks.
+- [`short`] adds and extends numerous shorthand properties.
+- [`stylelint`] contains plugins that lint your stylesheets.
+- [`postcss-hamster`] for vertical rhythm, typography, modular scale functions.
+- [`postcss-preset-env`] lets you convert modern CSS into something most
+  browsers can understand, determining the polyfills you need based
+  on your targeted browsers or runtime environments.
+- [`postcss-ui-theme`] gives you syntax sugar and allows you to change theme.
+
+[`postcss-preset-env`]: https://github.com/csstools/postcss-plugins/tree/main/plugin-packs/postcss-preset-env
+[`postcss-utilities`]: https://github.com/ismamz/postcss-utilities
+[`postcss-hamster`]: https://github.com/h0tc0d3/postcss-hamster
+[`stylelint`]: https://github.com/stylelint/stylelint
+[`rucksack`]: https://github.com/seaneking/rucksack
+[`cssnano`]: https://cssnano.github.io/cssnano/
+[`level4`]: https://github.com/stephenway/level4
+[`oldie`]: https://github.com/csstools/oldie
+[`atcss`]: https://github.com/morishitter/atcss
+[`postcss-ui-theme`]: https://github.com/cleverboy32/postcss-ui-theme
+
+## Future CSS Syntax
+
+- [`postcss-apply`] supports custom properties sets references.
+- [`postcss-attribute-case-insensitive`] supports case insensitive attributes.
+- [`postcss-bidirection`] generate left-to-right and right-to-left styles
+  with single syntax.
+- [`postcss-color-function`] supports functions to transform colors.
+- [`postcss-color-gray`] supports the `gray()` function.
+- [`postcss-color-hex-alpha`] supports `#rrggbbaa` and `#rgba` notation.
+- [`postcss-color-hsl`]: transforms CSS Colors 4 `hsl()` to more compatible
+  `hsl()` or `hsla()`.
+- [`postcss-color-hwb`] transforms `hwb()` to widely compatible `rgb()`.
+- [`postcss-color-image`] supports `image(<color>)` syntax
+  allowing to use a solid color as an image.
+- [`postcss-color-rebeccapurple`] supports the `rebeccapurple` color.
+- [`postcss-color-rgb`]: transforms CSS Colors 4 `rgb()` to more compatible
+  `rgb()` or `rgba()`.
+- [`postcss-conic-gradient`] supports the `conic-gradient` background.
+- [`postcss-custom-media`] supports custom aliases for media queries.
+- [`postcss-custom-properties`] supports variables, using syntax from
+  the W3C Custom Properties.
+- [`postcss-custom-selectors`] adds custom aliases for selectors.
+- [`postcss-extend`] supports spec-approximate `@extend` for rules
+  and placeholders, recursively.
+- [`postcss-font-format-keywords`] transforms keywords in `@font-face` rule’s
+  `format()` function to widely supported strings.
+- [`postcss-font-normalize`] to normalize font, especially `font-family`.
+- [`postcss-font-variant`] transpiles human-readable `font-variant`
+  to more widely supported CSS.
+- [`postcss-font-family-system-ui`] transforms W3C CSS `font-family: system-ui`
+  to a practical font list.
+- [`postcss-font-display`] add `font-display` css rule.
+- [`postcss-if-function`] transforms `if()` function for `media()` and
+  `supports()` to `@media` and `@supports` queries.
+- [`postcss-host`] makes the Shadow DOM’s `:host` selector work properly
+  with pseudo-classes.
+- [`postcss-initial`] supports `initial` keyword and `all: initial`
+  to clean inherit styles.
+- [`postcss-logical-properties`] transforms `start` and `end` properties
+  to `left` and `right` depending on the writing direction of the document.
+- [`postcss-media-minmax`] adds `<=` and `=>` statements to media queries.
+- [`postcss-multi-value-display`] transforms `inline flex` and `block flow`
+  to `inline-flex` and `block`
+- [`postcss-pseudo-class-any-link`] adds `:any-link` pseudo-class.
+- [`postcss-pseudo-is`] transforms `:is()` to more compatible CSS.
+- [`postcss-selector-not`] transforms CSS4 `:not()` to CSS3 `:not()`.
+- [`postcss-selector-matches`] transforms CSS4 `:matches()`
+  to more compatible CSS.
+- [`postcss-start-to-end`] lets you control your layout (LTR or RTL)
+  through logical rather than direction / physical rules.
+- [`postcss-subgrid`] provides a basic shim for the CSS `display: subgrid` spec.
+- [`mq4-hover-shim`] supports the `@media (hover)` feature.
+
+See also [`postcss-preset-env`] plugins pack to add future CSS syntax
+by one line of code.
+
+## Fallbacks
+
+- [`postcss-auto-var-fallback`] adds var fallbacks by provided files of variables.
+- [`postcss-color-rgba-fallback`] transforms `rgba()` to hexadecimal.
+- [`postcss-disabled`] adds a `[disabled]` attribute and/or a `.disabled` class
+  when the `:disabled` pseudo class is present.
+- [`postcss-epub`] adds the `-epub-` prefix to relevant properties.
+- [`postcss-esplit`] splits your CSS exceeding 4095 selectors for IE.
+- [`postcss-fallback`] adds `fallback` function to avoid duplicate declarations.
+- [`postcss-filter-gradient`] adds gradient filter for the old IE.
+- [`postcss-flexibility`] adds `-js-` prefix for [`Flexibility polyfill`].
+- [`postcss-gradient-transparency-fix`] transforms `transparent` values
+  in gradients to support Safari's different color interpolation.
+- [`postcss-hash-classname`] append hash string to your css class name.
+- [`postcss-mqwidth-to-class`] converts min/max-width media queries to classes.
+- [`postcss-opacity`] adds opacity filter for IE8.
+- [`postcss-opacity-percentage`] transforms CSS4 percentage-based `opacity`
+  values to float values.
+- [`postcss-page-break`] adds `page-break-` fallback to `break-` properties.
+- [`postcss-pseudoelements`] Convert `::` selectors into `:` selectors
+  for IE 8 compatibility.
+- [`postcss-redundant-color-vars`] adds custom property for certain border and
+  box-shadow declarations to fix a known Safari bug
+- [`postcss-replace-overflow-wrap`] replace `overflow-wrap` with `word-wrap`.
+- [`postcss-round-subpixels`] plugin that rounds sub-pixel values
+  to the nearest
+  full pixel.
+- [`postcss-unmq`] removes media queries while preserving desktop rules
+  for IE≤8.
+- [`postcss-vmin`] generates `vm` fallback for `vmin` unit in IE9.
+- [`postcss-will-change`] inserts 3D hack before `will-change` property.
+- [`autoprefixer`] adds vendor prefixes for you, using data from Can I Use.
+- [`postcss-pie`] makes IE several of the most useful CSS3 decoration features.
+- [`cssgrace`] provides various helpers and transpiles CSS 3 for IE
+  and other old browsers.
+- [`pixrem`] generates pixel fallbacks for `rem` units.
+- [`postcss-fixie`] adds easy and painless IE hacks
+- [`postcss-safe-area`] adds browser fallbacks for `safe-area-inset` `env`
+  variables.
+- [`webp-in-css`] to use WebP background images in CSS.
+- [`postcss-clamp`] transform `clamp()` to combination of `min/max`
+- [`postcss-spring-easing`] replaces `spring()` with a resulting `linear()`
+  function and add a `--spring-duration` css variable.
+
+See also [`oldie`] plugins pack.
+
+[`Flexibility polyfill`]: https://github.com/10up/flexibility
+
+## Language Extensions
+
+- [`postcss-aspect-ratio`] fix an element's dimensions to an aspect ratio.
+- [`postcss-atroot`] place rules directly at the root node.
+- [`postcss-bem-fix`] adds at-rules for BEM and SUIT style classes.
+- [`postcss-click`] allows to use the `:click` pseudo class and implement
+  it in JavaScript.
+- [`postcss-compact-mq`] provides compact syntax for media queries based
+  on viewport width.
+- [`postcss-conditionals`] adds `@if` statements.
+- [`postcss-css-variables`] supports variables for selectors, and at-rules
+  using W3C similar syntax.
+- [`postcss-current-selector`] to get current selector in declaration.
+- [`postcss-define-property`] to define properties shortcut.
+- [`postcss-define-function`] to implement Sass `@function` directive.
+- [`postcss-each`] adds `@each` statement.
+- [`postcss-for`] adds `@for` loops.
+- [`postcss-at-rules-variables`] adds support for custom properties in
+  `@for`, `@each`, `@if`, etc.
+- [`postcss-functions`] enables exposure of JavaScript functions.
+- [`postcss-if-media`] inline or nest media queries within
+  CSS rules & properties.
+- [`postcss-inline-extract`] extract inline styles from HTML and convert them to CSS rules.
+- [`postcss-inline-media`] inline multiple media queries into CSS property
+  values.
+- [`postcss-local-constants`] adds support for localized constants.
+- [`postcss-map`] enables configuration maps.
+- [`postcss-match`] adds `@match` for [Rust-style pattern matching].
+- [`postcss-mixins`] enables mixins more powerful than Sass’,
+  defined within stylesheets or in JS.
+- [`postcss-media-variables`] adds support for `var()` and `calc()`
+  in `@media` rules
+- [`postcss-modular-scale`] adds a modular scale `ms()` function.
+- [`postcss-namespace`] prefix a namespace to a selector.
+- [`postcss-nested`] unwraps nested rules.
+- [`postcss-nested-props`] unwraps nested properties.
+- [`postcss-nested-vars`] supports nested Sass-style variables.
+- [`postcss-nth-nested`] adds a `:nth-nested()` pseudo-class for selecting
+  elements by nesting depth.
+- [`postcss-pseudo-class-any-button`] adds `:any-button` pseudo-class
+  for targeting all button elements.
+- [`postcss-pseudo-class-enter`] transforms `:enter` into `:hover` and `:focus`.
+- [`postcss-quantity-queries`] enables quantity queries.
+- [`postcss-ref`] refers properties from another rule.
+- [`postcss-reverse-media`] reverse/Invert media query parameters.
+- [`postcss-sassy-mixins`] enables mixins with Sass keywords.
+- [`postcss-map-get`] adds the ability to use Sass like map function `map-get`.
+- [`postcss-simple-extend`] lightweight extending of silent classes,
+  like Sass’ `@extend`.
+- [`postcss-simple-vars`] supports for Sass-style variables.
+- [`postcss-strip-units`] strips units off of property values.
+- [`postcss-vertical-rhythm`] adds a vertical rhythm unit
+  based on `font-size` and `line-height`.
+- [`postcss-vertical-rhythm-function`] adds a vertical rhythm `vr()` function
+  that is unit agnostic and works in situations where the font-size cannot
+  be calculated during build time.
+- [`postcss-responsive-properties`] allows you to write responsive
+  property values.
+- [`postcss-text-remove-gap`] remove space before and after text strings, added
+  by line-height and extra space in glyph itself.
+- [`postcss-closest`] plugin to modify closest matching part of current
+  selector.
+- [`csstyle`] adds components workflow to your styles.
+- [`postcss-percentage`] support Sass-like `percentage()` function.
+- [`postcss-custom-css-units`] Define custom css units and convert them
+  to CSS variables.
+- [`postcss-easy-z`] lets you organize z-indices by declaring relations
+  between them.
+- [`@csstools/postcss-design-tokens`] lets you import and use design tokens
+  from CSS.
+- [`postcss-smooth-shadow`] generates more realistic smooth shadow.
+
+[Rust-style pattern matching]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/book/match.html
+
+## Colors
+
+- [`postcss-ase-colors`] replaces color names with values read
+  from an ASE palette file.
+- [`postcss-brand-colors`] inserts company brand colors
+  in the `brand-colors` module.
+- [`postcss-color-alpha`] transforms `#hex.a`, `black(alpha)` and `white(alpha)`
+  to `rgba()`.
+- [`postcss-color-hcl`] transforms `hcl(H, C, L)` and `hcl(H, C, L, alpha)`
+  to `#rgb` and `rgba()`.
+- [`postcss-color-hexa`] transforms `hexa(hex, alpha)` into `rgba` format.
+- [`postcss-color-mix`] mixes two colors together.
+- [`postcss-color-palette`] transforms CSS 2 color keywords to a custom palette.
+- [`postcss-color-pantone`] transforms pantone color to RGB.
+- [`postcss-color-scale`] adds a color scale `cs()` function.
+- [`postcss-color-short`] adds shorthand color declarations.
+- [`postcss-color-yiq`] sets foreground colors using the YIQ color space.
+- [`postcss-colorblind`] transforms colors using filters to simulate
+  colorblindness.
+- [`postcss-contrast`] checks background-color and gives either white or black.
+- [`postcss-dark-theme-class`] to force dark or light theme by custom switcher.
+- [`postcss-theme-colors`] add dark and light theme with color groups.
+- [`postcss-hexrgba`] adds shorthand hex `rgba(hex, alpha)` method.
+- [`postcss-rgb-plz`] converts 3 or 6 digit hex values to `rgb`.
+- [`postcss-rgba-hex`] converts `rgba` values to `hex` analogues.
+- [`postcss-shades-of-gray`] helps keeping grayscale colors consistent
+  to a gray palette.
+- [`colorguard`] helps maintain a consistent color palette.
+- [`postcss-get-color`] get the prominent colors from an image.
+- [`postcss-randomcolor`] supports function to use random color.
+
+## Images and Fonts
+
+- [`avif-in-css`] to use AVIF image format in CSS background.
+- [`postcss-assets`] allows you to simplify URLs, insert image dimensions,
+  and inline files.
+- [`postcss-assets-rebase`] rebases assets from `url()`.
+- [`postcss-at2x`] handles retina background images via use of `at-2x` keyword.
+- [`postcss-background-image-auto-size`] generates CSS rules `width`
+  and `height` for `background-image` automatically.
+- [`postcss-border-9-patch`] generates 9-patch like border styles
+  via a custom rule.
+- [`postcss-cachebuster`] adds version parameter to images and fonts
+- [`postcss-copy-assets`] copies assets referenced by relative `url()`s
+  into a build directory.
+- [`postcss-data-packer`] moves embedded Base64 data to a separate file.
+- [`postcss-easysprites`] combine images to sprites, based on their
+  image.png`#hash` and aspect ratio (`@2x`).
+- [`postcss-icon-blender`] create custom SVG icon sets from over 80,000 free
+  and open-source icons
+- [`postcss-image-set`] adds `background-image` with first image
+  for `image-set()`.
+- [`postcss-image-inliner`] inlines local and remote images.
+- [`postcss-instagram`] adds Instagram filters to `filter`.
+- [`postcss-filter-tint`] adds tint filter to elements such as images.
+- [`postcss-foft-classes`] adds guarding classes to blocks using web fonts
+  for better font loading strategies.
+- [`postcss-font-awesome`] adds an easy shortcut to font-awesome unicode codes
+- [`postcss-font-grabber`] grabs remote fonts in `@font-face`,
+  download them and update your CSS.
+- [`postcss-font-pack`] simplifies font declarations and validates they match
+  configured font packs.
+- [`postcss-fontsize`] generates `rem` unit `font-size` and `line-height`
+  with `px` fallbacks.
+- [`postcss-fontpath`] adds font links for different browsers.
+- [`postcss-fontsource-url`] rewrite Fontsource assets folder.
+- [`postcss-lazyimagecss`] adds image width and height automatically.
+- [`postcss-lazysprite`] generates sprites from the directory of images.
+- [`postcss-placehold`] makes it easy to drop in placeholder images.
+- [`postcss-resemble-image`] provides a gradient fallback for an image that
+  loosely resembles the original.
+- [`postcss-resolve-urls`] resolves relative urls referenced in `url()`s
+- [`postcss-responsive-images`] adds stylesheets for making
+  your images responsive.
+- [`postcss-sprites`] generates CSS sprites from stylesheets.
+- [`postcss-svg`] insert inline SVG to CSS and allows to manage it colors.
+- [`postcss-svg-fallback`] converts SVG in your CSS to PNG files for IE 8.
+- [`postcss-svgo`] processes inline SVG through [SVGO].
+- [`postcss-unicode-characters`] makes it easier to write `unicode-range`
+  descriptors.
+- [`postcss-url`] rebases or inlines `url()`s.
+- [`postcss-urlrebase`] rebases `url()`s to a given root URL.
+- [`postcss-urlrev`] adds MD5 hash strings to `url()`s.
+- [`postcss-write-svg`] write inline SVGs in CSS.
+- [`postcss-inline-svg`] inline SVG images and customize their styles.
+- [`webpcss`] adds URLs for WebP images for browsers that support WebP.
+- [`webp-in-css`] to use WebP image format in CSS background.
+
+## Grids
+
+- [`postcss-grid`] adds a semantic grid system.
+- [`postcss-grid-kiss`] transforms ASCII-art grids into CSS Grid layout.
+- [`postcss-grid-system`] creates grids based on a fixed column width.
+- [`postcss-grid-fluid`] creates fluid grids.
+- [`postcss-layout`] a plugin for some common CSS layout patterns
+  and a Grid system.
+- [`postcss-maze`] is a mobile first, semantic responsive grid
+  to suit any design pattern.
+- [`postcss-neat`] is a semantic and fluid grid framework.
+- [`postcss-oldschool-grid`] is a grid system with wrapping columns
+  and padding gutters.
+- [`postcss-simple-grid`] create grid with one line.
+- [`lost`] feature-rich `calc()` grid system by Jeet author.
+
+## Optimizations
+
+- [`postcss-calc`] reduces `calc()` to values
+  (when expressions involve the same units).
+- [`postcss-remove-nested-calc`] `calc(100vw - calc(20% - 10px))` to
+  `calc(100vw - (20% - 10px))` for IE 11 compatibility.
+- [`postcss-class-name-shortener`] shortens CSS class names to optimize
+  website performance.
+- [`postcss-combine-duplicated-selectors`] automatically join identical
+  selectors.
+- [`postcss-filter-mq`] Filter all matching or non-matching media queries.
+- [`postcss-import`] inlines the stylesheets referred to by `@import` rules.
+- [`postcss-nested-import`] inlines stylesheets referred to by `@import` rules
+  inside nested rule blocks.
+- [`postcss-partial-import`] inlines standard imports and Sass-like partials.
+- [`postcss-reference`] emulates Less’s `@import`.
+- [`postcss-remove-root`] removes all instances of `:root` from a stylesheet.
+- [`postcss-single-charset`] ensures that there is one and only one
+  `@charset` rule at the top of file.
+- [`postcss-zindex`] rebases positive `z-index` values.
+- [`postcss-unprefix`] Unprefixes vendor prefixes in legacy CSS.
+- [`css-byebye`] removes the CSS rules that you don’t want.
+- [`css-mqpacker`] joins matching CSS media queries into a single statement.
+- [`stylehacks`] removes CSS hacks based on browser support.
+- [`postcss-mq-optimize`] removes invalid media queries or its expressions.
+- [`postcss-uncss`] removes unused CSS from your stylesheets.
+- [`postcss-html-filter`] filters out CSS that does not apply to the HTML
+  you provide.
+- [`postcss-no-important`] delete declarations !important.
+- [`postcss-deep-scopable`] unified deep scoped style for Vue.js.
+- [`postcss-deadcss`] helps to find dead CSS in stylesheets.
+- [`postcss-variable-compress`] minifies css variables and saves you space.
+
+See also plugins in modular minifier [`cssnano`].
+
+[SVGO]: https://github.com/svg/svgo
+
+## Shortcuts
+
+- [`postcss-alias`] creates shorter aliases for properties.
+- [`postcss-alias-atrules`] creates shorter aliases for at-rules.
+- [`postcss-all-link-colors`] insert colors for link-related pseudo-classes.
+- [`postcss-border`] adds shorthand for width and color of all borders
+  in `border` property.
+- [`postcss-border-shortcut`] PostCSS plugin for assign default `border` type
+  if not expressed.
+- [`postcss-button`] creates buttons.
+- [`postcss-center`] centers elements.
+- [`postcss-circle`] inserts a circle with color.
+- [`postcss-clearfix`] adds `fix` and `fix-legacy` properties to the `clear`
+  declaration.
+- [`postcss-crip`] shorthand properties for Crips that are too lazy to write.
+- [`postcss-default-unit`] adds default unit to numeric CSS properties.
+- [`postcss-easings`] replaces easing names from easings.net
+  with `cubic-bezier()` functions.
+- [`postcss-filter`] adds shorthand for black and white filter.
+- [`postcss-focus`] adds `:focus` selector to every `:hover`.
+- [`postcss-generate-preset`] allows quick generation of rules.
+  Useful for creating repetitive utilities.
+- [`postcss-hidden`] allows for easy ways to hide elements.
+- [`postcss-input-style`] adds new pseudo-elements for cross-browser styling
+  of inputs.
+- [`postcss-nested-ancestors`] reference any parent/ancestor selector
+  in nested CSS.
+- [`postcss-parent-selector`] adds a parent selector to the beginning
+  of all rules.
+- [`postcss-position`] adds shorthand declarations for position attributes.
+- [`postcss-property-lookup`] allows referencing property values without
+  a variable.
+- [`postcss-range-value`] range value with a max and min value between
+  two screen sizes.
+- [`postcss-responsive-type`] changes `font-size` depends on screen size.
+- [`postcss-scrib`] define your own aliases/shortcuts for properties or values.
+- [`postcss-short-font-size`] extends `font-size` to define line-height
+  s a second value.
+- [`postcss-short-position`] extends `position` to define edges
+  as additional values.
+- [`postcss-short-spacing`] extends `margin` and `padding` to allow
+  or omitted edges.
+- [`postcss-short-text`] adds a `text` shortcut property for several
+  text-related properties.
+- [`postcss-size`] adds a `size` shortcut that sets width and height
+  with one declaration.
+- [`postcss-speech-bubble`] adds speech bubbles of different kinds
+  with just a couple of lines of CSS.
+- [`postcss-transform-shortcut`] allows shorthand transform properties in CSS.
+- [`postcss-triangle`] creates a triangle.
+- [`postcss-typescale`] sets type based on a typographic scale.
+- [`postcss-verthorz`] adds vertical and horizontal spacing declarations.
+- [`font-magician`] generates all the `@font-face` rules needed in CSS.
+- [`postcss-animation`] PostCSS plugin that adds `@keyframes` from animate.css.
+- [`postcss-magic-animations`] PostCSS plugin that adds `@keyframes`
+  from Magic Animations.
+
+## Others
+
+- [`postcss-add-root-selector`] intelligently wraps all rules
+  in a custom selector.
+- [`postcss-alter-property-value`] alters your CSS declarations
+  from a rule based configuration.
+- [`postcss-attribute-selector-prefix`] adds a prefix to attribute selectors
+- [`postcss-auto-rem`] compiles pixel units to `rem` without configuration.
+- [`postcss-autoreset`] automatically adds reset styles.
+- [`postcss-bem-to-js`] creates a JavaScript definition file for BEM-style CSS.
+- [`postcss-bom`] adds a UTF-8 BOM to files.
+- [`postcss-blurry-gradient-workaround`] fixes blurry CSS gradients
+  with too many explicit end-stops.
+- [`postcss-camelcaser`] transforms selectors to CamelCase.
+- [`postcss-class-prefix`] adds a prefix/namespace to class selectors.
+- [`postcss-classes-to-mixins`] converts classes to Sass, Less and Stylus mixins
+- [`postcss-currency`] replaces name of currency with symbols.
+- [`postcss-d-ts`] generates `.d.ts` declaration for TypeScript `import`
+  from used CSS classes and ids
+- [`postcss-eol`] replaces EOL of files.
+- [`postcss-extract-value`] extracts values from css properties and puts them
+  into variables.
+- [`postcss-fakeid`] transforms `#foo` IDs to attribute selectors `[id="foo"]`.
+- [`postcss-filter-stream`] blacklist files / folders that you don’t want
+  to process with a PostCSS plugin.
+- [`postcss-flexbox`] easy way to understand and start using CSS3 Flexbox.
+- [`postcss-flexbox-reset`] resets Flexbox to avoid issues in responsive layouts.
+- [`postcss-flexboxfixer`] unprefixes `-webkit-` only flexbox in legacy CSS.
+- [`postcss-flexbugs-fixes`] fixes some of known [flexbox bugs].
+- [`postcss-gradientfixer`] unprefixes `-webkit-` only gradients in legacy CSS.
+- [`postcss-grid-reset`] resets CSS Grid to avoid issues in responsive layouts.
+- [`postcss-hash`] replaces output file names with hash algorithms
+  for cache busting.
+- [`postcss-ie8`] strips out unsupported properties and media queries for IE8.
+- [`postcss-increase-specificity`] increases the specificity of your selectors.
+- [`postcss-inline-rtl`] converts your CSS to right-to-left,
+  but inline (adding just what you need).
+- [`postcss-join-transitions`] joins conflicting transition declarations.
+- [`postcss-letter-tracking`] generates relative, Photoshop-compatible
+  letter tracking for improved letter spacing.
+- [`postcss-light-text`] adds `-webkit-` antialiasing for light text.
+- [`postcss-modules`] allows to use CSS Modules everywhere.
+- [`postcss-momentum-scrolling`] adding momentum style scrolling behavior
+  (`-webkit-overflow-scrolling:touch`) for elements with overflow on iOS.
+- [`postcss-mq-keyframes`] moves any animation keyframes in media queries
+  to the end of the file.
+- [`postcss-mq-last`] gives media query rules precedence by moving them
+  to the end of the file.
+- [`postcss-node-modules-replacer`] replaces path than includes `node_modules`
+  to `~`.
+- [`postcss-plugin-namespace`] add a css selector to all rules,
+  so that CSS file don’t affect other element.
+- [`postcss-prefix-hover`] adds a prefixed to any selector containing `:hover`.
+- [`postcss-pseudo-content-insert`] adds `content: ''` to `:before` and `:after`
+  if it is missing.
+- [`postcss-pseudo-element-cases`] converts `.style::BEFORE`
+  into `.style::before` and vice versa.
+- [`postcss-pseudo-element-colons`] converts `.style:before`
+  into `.style::before` and vice versa.
+- [`postcss-pseudo-elements-content`] adds `content: ''` to `:before-c`
+  and `:after-c`.
+- [`postcss-pxtorem`] converts pixel units to `rem`.
+- [`postcss-raw`] protects nodes inside `@raw` at-rules from being touched
+  by other plugins.
+- [`postcss-remove-prefixes`] removes vendor prefixes.
+- [`postcss-rtlcss`] creates left-to-right and right-to-left rules
+  in a single CSS file.
+- [`postcss-safe-important`] adds `!important` to style declarations safely.
+- [`postcss-sanitize`] remove properties and values using rules.
+- [`postcss-scopify`] adds a user input scope to each selector.
+- [`postcss-select`] select rules based off a selector list.
+- [`postcss-selector-prefixer`] adds a prefix to css selectors.
+- [`postcss-shorthand-expand`] expands shorthand properties.
+- [`postcss-simple-trig`] calculate trigonometric functions: sin/cos/tan.
+- [`postcss-sorting`] sort rules content with specified order.
+- [`postcss-sort-media-queries`] combine and sort CSS media queries
+  with mobile first or desktop first methods.
+- [`postcss-style-guide`] generates a style guide automatically.
+- [`css-declaration-sorter`] sorts CSS declarations fast and automatically
+  in a certain order.
+- [`perfectionist`] formats poorly written CSS and renders a “pretty” result.
+- [`rtlcss`] mirrors styles for right-to-left locales.
+- [`stylefmt`] modern CSS formatter that works well with `stylelint`.
+- [`postcss-autocorrect`] corrects typos and notifies in the console.
+- [`postcss-px-to-viewport`] generates viewport units
+  (`vw`, `vh`, `vmin`, `vmax`) from `px` units.
+- [`postcss-viewport-height-correction`] solves the popular problem when `100vh`
+  doesn’t fit the mobile browser screen.
+- [`postcss-unit-processor`] flexible processing of CSS units.
+- [`postcss-rem-to-px`] converts `rem` values to `px` values.
+- [`postcss-design-tokens`] provides a function to retrieve design tokens
+  expressed in JS or JSON, within CSS.
+- [`postcss-pixel-to-remvw`] converting px to both of rem and vw, also one of them
+- [`postcss-easy-import`] inline `@import` rules content with extra features.
+- [`postcss-plugin-ignore-file`] ignore file with a top-comment `/* @ignore */`.
+
+[flexbox bugs]: https://github.com/philipwalton/flexbugs
+
+## Analysis
+
+- [`postcss-bem-linter`] lints CSS for conformance to SUIT CSS methodology.
+- [`postcss-cssstats`] returns an object with CSS statistics.
+- [`postcss-regexp-detect`] search for regexp in CSS declarations.
+- [`css2modernizr`] creates a Modernizr config file
+  that requires only the tests that your CSS uses.
+- [`doiuse`] lints CSS for browser support, using data from Can I Use.
+- [`immutable-css`] lints CSS for class mutations.
+- [`list-selectors`] lists and categorizes the selectors used in your CSS,
+  for code review.
+
+## Reporters
+
+- [`postcss-browser-reporter`] displays warning messages from other plugins
+  right in your browser.
+- [`postcss-forced-variables`] provides warnings and errors when specified
+  properties don’t use variables.
+- [`postcss-reporter`] logs warnings and other messages from other plugins
+  in the console.
+
+## Fun
+
+- [`postcss-australian-stylesheets`] Australian Style Sheets.
+- [`postcss-andalusian-stylesheets`] Andalusian Style Sheets.
+- [`postcss-aze-stylesheets`] Azerbaijanian Style Sheets.
+- [`postcss-canadian-stylesheets`] Canadian Style Sheets.
+- [`postcss-chinese-stylesheets`] Chinese Style Sheets.
+- [`postcss-czech-stylesheets`] Czech Style Sheets.
+- [`postcss-german-stylesheets`] German Style Sheets.
+- [`postcss-italian-stylesheets`] Italian Style Sheets.
+- [`postcss-russian-stylesheets`] Russian Style Sheets.
+- [`postcss-swedish-stylesheets`] Swedish Style Sheets.
+- [`postcss-tatar-stylesheets`] Tatar Style Sheets
+- [`postcss-trolling`] Trolling Style Sheets.
+- [`postcss-lolcat-stylesheets`] Lolspeak Style Sheets.
+- [`postcss-imperial`] adds CSS support for Imperial and US customary units
+  of length.
+- [`postcss-russian-units`] adds CSS support for russian units of length.
+- [`postcss-pointer`] Replaces `pointer: cursor` with `cursor: pointer`.
+- [`postcss-spiffing`] lets you use British English in your CSS.
+- [`postcss-spanish-stylesheets`] Spanish Style Sheets.
+- [`postcss-nope`] lets you write `nope` instead of `none`.
+- [`postcss-glitch`] add glitch effect to your text.
+- [`postcss-khaleesi`] translate CSS values and properties to
+  `khaleesi meme` language.
+
+[`postcss-background-image-auto-size`]: https://github.com/JustClear/postcss-background-image-auto-size
+[`postcss-letter-tracking`]: https://github.com/letsjaam/postcss-letter-tracking
+[`postcss-combine-duplicated-selectors`]: https://github.com/ChristianMurphy/postcss-combine-duplicated-selectors
+[`postcss-attribute-case-insensitive`]: https://github.com/csstools/postcss-plugins/tree/main/plugins/postcss-attribute-case-insensitive
+[`postcss-alter-property-value`]: https://github.com/kunukn/postcss-alter-property-value
+[`postcss-attribute-selector-prefix`]: https://github.com/GitScrum/postcss-attribute-selector-prefix
+[`postcss-gradient-transparency-fix`]: https://github.com/gilmoreorless/postcss-gradient-transparency-fix
+[`postcss-vertical-rhythm-function`]: https://github.com/F21/postcss-vertical-rhythm-function
+[`postcss-pseudo-class-any-button`]: https://github.com/andrepolischuk/postcss-pseudo-class-any-button
+[`postcss-pseudo-elements-content`]: https://github.com/omgovich/postcss-pseudo-elements-content
+[`postcss-pseudo-element-cases`]: https://github.com/timelsass/postcss-pseudo-element-cases
+[`postcss-pseudo-element-colons`]: https://github.com/timelsass/postcss-pseudo-element-colons
+[`postcss-aze-stylesheets`]: https://github.com/iskandarovBakshi/postcss-aze-stylesheets
+[`postcss-andalusian-stylesheets`]: https://github.com/bameda/postcss-andalusian-stylesheets
+[`postcss-australian-stylesheets`]: https://github.com/dp-lewis/postcss-australian-stylesheets
+[`postcss-responsive-properties`]: https://github.com/alexandr-solovyov/postcss-responsive-properties
+[`postcss-pseudo-class-any-link`]: https://github.com/csstools/postcss-plugins/tree/main/plugins/postcss-pseudo-class-any-link
+[`postcss-pseudo-content-insert`]: https://github.com/liquidlight/postcss-pseudo-content-insert
+[`postcss-canadian-stylesheets`]: https://github.com/chancancode/postcss-canadian-stylesheets
+[`postcss-increase-specificity`]: https://github.com/MadLittleMods/postcss-increase-specificity
+[`postcss-chinese-stylesheets`]: https://github.com/zhouwenbin/postcss-chinese-stylesheets
+[`postcss-italian-stylesheets`]: https://github.com/Pustur/postcss-italian-stylesheets
+[`postcss-russian-stylesheets`]: https://github.com/Semigradsky/postcss-russian-stylesheets
+[`postcss-swedish-stylesheets`]: https://github.com/johnie/postcss-swedish-stylesheets
+[`postcss-color-rebeccapurple`]: https://github.com/csstools/postcss-plugins/tree/main/plugins/postcss-color-rebeccapurple
+[`postcss-auto-var-fallback`]: https://github.com/Ch-Valentine/postcss-auto-var-fallback
+[`postcss-color-rgba-fallback`]: https://github.com/postcss/postcss-color-rgba-fallback
+[`postcss-spanish-stylesheets`]: https://github.com/ismamz/postcss-spanish-stylesheets
+[`postcss-at-rules-variables`]: https://github.com/GitScrum/postcss-at-rules-variables
+[`postcss-discard-duplicates`]: https://github.com/ben-eb/postcss-discard-duplicates
+[`postcss-german-stylesheets`]: https://github.com/timche/postcss-german-stylesheets
+[`postcss-logical-properties`]: https://github.com/ahmadalfy/postcss-logical-properties
+[`postcss-bidirection`]: https://github.com/gasolin/postcss-bidirection
+[`postcss-lolcat-stylesheets`]: https://github.com/sandralundgren/postcss-lolcat-stylesheets
+[`postcss-minify-font-weight`]: https://github.com/ben-eb/postcss-minify-font-weight
+[`postcss-pseudo-class-enter`]: https://github.com/csstools/postcss-pseudo-class-enter
+[`postcss-transform-shortcut`]: https://github.com/csstools/postcss-transform-shortcut
+[`postcss-unicode-characters`]: https://github.com/ben-eb/postcss-unicode-characters
+[`postcss-custom-properties`]: https://github.com/csstools/postcss-plugins/tree/main/plugins/postcss-custom-properties
+[`postcss-czech-stylesheets`]: https://github.com/HoBi/postcss-czech-stylesheets
+[`postcss-discard-font-face`]: https://github.com/ben-eb/postcss-discard-font-face
+[`postcss-responsive-images`]: https://www.npmjs.com/package/postcss-responsive-images
+[`postcss-selector-prefixer`]: https://github.com/amaranter/postcss-selector-prefixer
+[`postcss-tatar-stylesheets`]: https://github.com/azat-io/postcss-tatar-stylesheets
+[`postcss-browser-reporter`]: https://github.com/postcss/postcss-browser-reporter
+[`postcss-current-selector`]: https://github.com/komlev/postcss-current-selector
+[`postcss-custom-selectors`]: https://github.com/csstools/postcss-plugins/tree/main/plugins/postcss-custom-selectors
+[`postcss-discard-comments`]: https://github.com/ben-eb/postcss-discard-comments
+[`postcss-forced-variables`]: https://github.com/alekhrycaiko/postcss-forced-variables
+[`postcss-magic-animations`]: https://github.com/nucliweb/postcss-magic-animations/
+[`postcss-minify-selectors`]: https://github.com/ben-eb/postcss-minify-selectors
+[`postcss-mqwidth-to-class`]: https://github.com/notacouch/postcss-mqwidth-to-class
+[`postcss-quantity-queries`]: https://github.com/pascalduez/postcss-quantity-queries
+[`postcss-selector-matches`]: https://github.com/postcss/postcss-selector-matches
+[`postcss-shorthand-expand`]: https://github.com/johnotander/postcss-shorthand-expand
+[`postcss-dark-theme-class`]: https://github.com/postcss/postcss-dark-theme-class
+[`postcss-theme-colors`]: https://github.com/ambar/postcss-theme-colors
+[`postcss-all-link-colors`]: https://github.com/jedmao/postcss-all-link-colors
+[`postcss-border-shortcut`]: https://github.com/michelemazzucco/postcss-border-shortcut
+[`postcss-color-hex-alpha`]: https://github.com/csstools/postcss-plugins/tree/main/plugins/postcss-color-hex-alpha
+[`postcss-define-property`]: https://github.com/daleeidd/postcss-define-property
+[`postcss-define-function`]: https://github.com/titancat/postcss-define-function
+[`postcss-filter-gradient`]: https://github.com/yuezk/postcss-filter-gradient
+[`postcss-generate-preset`]: https://github.com/simonsmith/postcss-generate-preset
+[`postcss-local-constants`]: https://github.com/macropodhq/postcss-constants
+[`postcss-media-variables`]: https://github.com/WolfgangKluge/postcss-media-variables
+[`postcss-page-break`]: https://github.com/shrpne/postcss-page-break
+[`postcss-property-lookup`]: https://github.com/simonsmith/postcss-property-lookup
+[`postcss-remove-prefixes`]: https://github.com/johnotander/postcss-remove-prefixes
+[`postcss-replace-overflow-wrap`]: https://github.com/MattDiMu/postcss-replace-overflow-wrap
+[`postcss-range-value`]: https://github.com/soberwp/postcss-range-value
+[`postcss-responsive-type`]: https://github.com/seaneking/postcss-responsive-type
+[`postcss-round-subpixels`]: https://github.com/himynameisdave/postcss-round-subpixels
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+[`postcss-rem-to-px`]: https://github.com/TheDutchCoder/postcss-rem-to-px
+[`postcss-prefix-hover`]: https://github.com/larsmunkholm/postcss-prefix-hover
+[`postcss-resolve-urls`]: https://github.com/bognarlaszlo/postcss-resolve-urls
+[`postcss-design-tokens`]: https://github.com/jptaranto/postcss-design-tokens
+[`postcss-pixel-to-remvw`]: https://github.com/ben-lau/postcss-pixel-to-remvw
+[`@csstools/postcss-design-tokens`]: https://github.com/csstools/postcss-plugins/tree/main/plugins/postcss-design-tokens
+[`postcss-easy-import`]: https://github.com/TrySound/postcss-easy-import
+[`postcss-spring-easing`]: https://github.com/okikio/postcss-spring-easing
+[`postcss-plugin-ignore-file`]: https://github.com/RiadhAdrani/postcss-plugin-ignore-file
diff --git a/docs/source-maps.md b/docs/source-maps.md
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..3f4a7867d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/docs/source-maps.md
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+# PostCSS and Source Maps
+
+See our **[source map API docs](https://postcss.org/api/#sourcemapoptions)**.
diff --git a/docs/syntax.md b/docs/syntax.md
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..f0becd755
--- /dev/null
+++ b/docs/syntax.md
@@ -0,0 +1,253 @@
+# How to Write Custom Syntax
+
+PostCSS can transform styles in any syntax, and is not limited to just CSS.
+By writing a custom syntax, you can transform styles in any desired format.
+
+Writing a custom syntax is much harder than writing a PostCSS plugin, but
+it is an awesome adventure.
+
+There are 3 types of PostCSS syntax packages:
+
+- **Parser** to parse input string to node’s tree.
+- **Stringifier** to generate output string by node’s tree.
+- **Syntax** contains both parser and stringifier.
+
+**Table of Contents**
+
+- [Syntax](#syntax)
+- [Parser](#parser)
+  - [Main Theory](#main-theory)
+  - [Performance](#performance)
+  - [Node Source](#node-source)
+  - [Raw Values](#raw-values)
+  - [Tests](#tests)
+- [Stringifier](#stringifier)
+  - [Main Theory](#main-theory-1)
+  - [Builder Function](#builder-function)
+  - [Raw Values](#raw-values-1)
+  - [Tests](#tests-1)
+
+## Syntax
+
+A good example of a custom syntax is [SCSS]. Some users may want to transform
+SCSS sources with PostCSS plugins, for example if they need to add vendor
+prefixes or change the property order. So this syntax should output SCSS from
+an SCSS input.
+
+The syntax API is a very simple plain object, with `parse` & `stringify`
+functions:
+
+```js
+module.exports = {
+  parse: require('./parse'),
+  stringify: require('./stringify')
+}
+```
+
+[SCSS]: https://github.com/postcss/postcss-scss
+
+## Parser
+
+A good example of a parser is [Safe Parser], which parses malformed/broken CSS.
+Because there is no point to generate broken output, this package only provides
+a parser.
+
+The parser API is a function which receives a string & returns a [`Root`]
+or [`Document`] node. The second argument is a function which receives
+an object with PostCSS options.
+
+```js
+const postcss = require('postcss')
+
+module.exports = function parse(css, opts) {
+  const root = postcss.root()
+  // Add other nodes to root
+  return root
+}
+```
+
+For open source parser npm package must have `postcss` in `peerDependencies`,
+not in direct `dependencies`.
+
+[Safe Parser]: https://github.com/postcss/postcss-safe-parser
+[`Root`]: https://postcss.org/api/#root
+[`Document`]: https://postcss.org/api/#document
+
+### Main Theory
+
+There are many books about parsers; but do not worry because CSS syntax is
+very easy, and so the parser will be much simpler than a programming language
+parser.
+
+The default PostCSS parser contains two steps:
+
+1. [Tokenizer] which reads input string character by character and builds a
+   tokens array. For example, it joins space symbols to a `['space', '\n  ']`
+   token, and detects strings to a `['string', '"\"{"']` token.
+2. [Parser] which reads the tokens array, creates node instances and
+   builds a tree.
+
+[Tokenizer]: https://github.com/postcss/postcss/blob/main/lib/tokenize.js
+[Parser]: https://github.com/postcss/postcss/blob/main/lib/parser.js
+
+### Performance
+
+Parsing input is often the most time consuming task in CSS processors. So it
+is very important to have a fast parser.
+
+The main rule of optimization is that there is no performance without a
+benchmark. You can look at [PostCSS benchmarks] to build your own.
+
+Of parsing tasks, the tokenize step will often take the most time, so its
+performance should be prioritized. Unfortunately, classes, functions and
+high level structures can slow down your tokenizer. Be ready to write dirty
+code with repeated statements. This is why it is difficult to extend the
+default [PostCSS tokenizer]; copy & paste will be a necessary evil.
+
+Second optimization is using character codes instead of strings.
+
+```js
+// Slow
+string[i] === '{'
+
+// Fast
+const OPEN_CURLY = 123 // `{'
+string.charCodeAt(i) === OPEN_CURLY
+```
+
+Third optimization is “fast jumps”. If you find open quotes, you can find
+next closing quote much faster by `indexOf`:
+
+```js
+// Simple jump
+next = string.indexOf('"', currentPosition + 1)
+
+// Jump by RegExp
+regexp.lastIndex = currentPosion + 1
+regexp.test(string)
+next = regexp.lastIndex
+```
+
+The parser can be a well written class. There is no need in copy-paste and
+hardcore optimization there. You can extend the default [PostCSS parser].
+
+[PostCSS benchmarks]: https://github.com/postcss/benchmark
+[PostCSS tokenizer]: https://github.com/postcss/postcss/blob/main/lib/tokenize.js
+[PostCSS parser]: https://github.com/postcss/postcss/blob/main/lib/parser.js
+
+### Node Source
+
+Every node should have `source` property to generate correct source map.
+This property contains `start` and `end` properties with `{ line, column }`,
+and `input` property with an [`Input`] instance.
+
+Your tokenizer should save the original position so that you can propagate
+the values to the parser, to ensure that the source map is correctly updated.
+
+[`Input`]: https://github.com/postcss/postcss/blob/main/lib/input.js
+
+### Raw Values
+
+A good PostCSS parser should provide all information (including spaces symbols)
+to generate byte-to-byte equal output. It is not so difficult, but respectful
+for user input and allow integration smoke tests.
+
+A parser should save all additional symbols to `node.raws` object.
+It is an open structure for you, you can add additional keys.
+For example, [SCSS parser] saves comment types (`/* */` or `//`)
+in `node.raws.inline`.
+
+The default parser cleans CSS values from comments and spaces.
+It saves the original value with comments to `node.raws.value.raw` and uses it,
+if the node value was not changed.
+
+[SCSS parser]: https://github.com/postcss/postcss-scss
+
+### Tests
+
+Of course, all parsers in the PostCSS ecosystem must have tests.
+
+If your parser just extends CSS syntax (like [SCSS] or [Safe Parser]),
+you can use the [PostCSS Parser Tests]. It contains unit & integration tests.
+
+[PostCSS Parser Tests]: https://github.com/postcss/postcss-parser-tests
+
+## Stringifier
+
+A style guide generator is a good example of a stringifier. It generates output
+HTML which contains CSS components. For this use case, a parser isn't necessary,
+so the package should just contain a stringifier.
+
+The Stringifier API is little bit more complicated, than the parser API.
+PostCSS generates a source map, so a stringifier can’t just return a string.
+It must link every substring with its source node.
+
+A Stringifier is a function which receives [`Root`] or [`Document`] node and builder callback.
+Then it calls builder with every node’s string and node instance.
+
+```js
+module.exports = function stringify(root, builder) {
+  // Some magic
+  const string = decl.prop + ':' + decl.value + ';'
+  builder(string, decl)
+  // Some science
+}
+```
+
+### Main Theory
+
+PostCSS [default stringifier] is just a class with a method for each node type
+and many methods to detect raw properties.
+
+In most cases it will be enough just to extend this class,
+like in [SCSS stringifier].
+
+[default stringifier]: https://github.com/postcss/postcss/blob/main/lib/stringifier.js
+[SCSS stringifier]: https://github.com/postcss/postcss-scss/blob/main/lib/scss-stringifier.js
+
+### Builder Function
+
+A builder function will be passed to `stringify` function as second argument.
+For example, the default PostCSS stringifier class saves it
+to `this.builder` property.
+
+Builder receives output substring and source node to append this substring
+to the final output.
+
+Some nodes contain other nodes in the middle. For example, a rule has a `{`
+at the beginning, many declarations inside and a closing `}`.
+
+For these cases, you should pass a third argument to builder function:
+`'start'` or `'end'` string:
+
+```js
+this.builder(rule.selector + '{', rule, 'start')
+// Stringify declarations inside
+this.builder('}', rule, 'end')
+```
+
+### Raw Values
+
+A good PostCSS custom syntax saves all symbols and provide byte-to-byte equal
+output if there were no changes.
+
+This is why every node has `node.raws` object to store space symbol, etc.
+
+All data related to source code and not CSS structure, should be in `Node#raws`. For instance, `postcss-scss` keep in `Comment#raws.inline` boolean marker of inline comment (`// comment` instead of `/* comment */`).
+
+Be careful, because sometimes these raw properties will not be present; some
+nodes may be built manually, or may lose their indentation when they are moved
+to another parent node.
+
+This is why the default stringifier has a `raw()` method to autodetect raw
+properties by other nodes. For example, it will look at other nodes to detect
+indent size and then multiply it with the current node depth.
+
+### Tests
+
+A stringifier must have tests too.
+
+You can use unit and integration test cases from [PostCSS Parser Tests].
+Just compare input CSS with CSS after your parser and stringifier.
+
+[PostCSS Parser Tests]: https://github.com/postcss/postcss-parser-tests
diff --git a/docs/writing-a-plugin.md b/docs/writing-a-plugin.md
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..48a9516c7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/docs/writing-a-plugin.md
@@ -0,0 +1,428 @@
+# Writing a PostCSS Plugin
+
+**Table of Contents**
+
+- [Links](#links)
+- [Step 1: Create an idea](#step-1-create-an-idea)
+- [Step 2: Create a project](#step-2-create-a-project)
+- [Step 3: Find nodes](#step-3-find-nodes)
+- [Step 4: Change nodes](#step-4-change-nodes)
+- [Step 5: Fight with frustration](#step-5-fight-with-frustration)
+- [Step 6: Make it public](#step-6-make-it-public)
+
+## Links
+
+Documentation:
+
+- [Plugin Boilerplate](https://github.com/postcss/postcss-plugin-boilerplate)
+- [Plugin Guidelines](https://github.com/postcss/postcss/blob/main/docs/guidelines/plugin.md)
+- [PostCSS API](https://postcss.org/api/)
+- [AST playground](https://astexplorer.net/#/2uBU1BLuJ1)
+
+Support:
+
+- [Ask questions](https://github.com/orgs/postcss/discussions)
+- [PostCSS twitter](https://twitter.com/postcss) with latest updates.
+
+## Step 1: Create an idea
+
+There are many fields where writing new PostCSS plugin will help your work:
+
+- **Compatibility fixes:** if you always forget to add hack
+  for browser compatibility, you can create PostCSS plugin to automatically
+  insert this hack for you. [`postcss-flexbugs-fixes`] and [`postcss-100vh-fix`]
+  are good examples.
+- **Automate routine operations:** let’s computer do routine operations, free
+  yourself for creative tasks. For instance, PostCSS with [RTLCSS] can
+  automatically convert a design to right-to-left languages (like Arabic
+  or Hebrew) or with [postcss-dark-theme-class`] can insert media
+  queries for dark/light theme switcher.
+- **Preventing popular mistakes:** “if an error happened twice,
+  it will happen again.” PostCSS plugin can check your source code for popular
+  mistakes and save your time for unnecessary debugging. The best way to do it
+  is to [write new Stylelint plugin] (Stylelint uses PostCSS inside).
+- **Increasing code maintainability:** [CSS Modules] or [`postcss-autoreset`]
+  are great example how PostCSS can increase code maintainability by isolation.
+- **Polyfills:** we already have a lot polyfills for CSS drafts
+  in [`postcss-preset-env`]. If you find a new draft, you can add a new plugin
+  and send it to this preset.
+- **New CSS syntax:** we recommend avoiding adding new syntax to CSS.
+  If you want to add a new feature, it is always better to write a CSS draft
+  proposal, send it to [CSSWG] and then implement polyfill.
+  [`postcss-easing-gradients`] with [this proposal] is a good example.
+  However, there are a lot of cases when you can’t send a proposal.
+  For instance, browser’s parser performance limited CSSWG nested syntax a lot
+  and you may want to have non-official Sass-like syntax from [`postcss-nested].
+
+[`postcss-easing-gradients`]: https://github.com/larsenwork/postcss-easing-gradients
+[write new Stylelint plugin]: https://stylelint.io/developer-guide/plugins
+[postcss-dark-theme-class`]: https://github.com/postcss/postcss-dark-theme-class
+[`postcss-flexbugs-fixes`]: https://github.com/luisrudge/postcss-flexbugs-fixes
+[`postcss-preset-env`]: https://github.com/csstools/postcss-preset-env
+[`postcss-autoreset`]: https://github.com/maximkoretskiy/postcss-autoreset
+[`postcss-100vh-fix`]: https://github.com/postcss/postcss-100vh-fix
+[`postcss-nested]: https://github.com/postcss/postcss-nested
+[this proposal]: https://github.com/w3c/csswg-drafts/issues/1332
+[CSS Modules]: https://github.com/css-modules/css-modules
+[RTLCSS]: https://rtlcss.com/
+[CSSWG]: https://github.com/w3c/csswg-drafts
+
+## Step 2: Create a project
+
+There are two ways to write a plugin:
+
+- Create a **private** plugin. Use this way only if the plugin is related
+  to specific things of projects. For instance, you want to automate a specific
+  task for your unique UI library.
+- Publish a **public** plugin. It is always the recommended way. Remember that
+  private front-end systems, even in Google, often became unmaintained.
+  On the other hand, many popular plugins were created during the work
+  on a closed source project.
+
+For private plugin:
+
+1. Create a new file in `postcss/` folder with the name of your plugin.
+2. Copy [plugin template] from our boilerplate.
+
+For public plugins:
+
+1. Use the guide in [PostCSS plugin boilerplate] to create a plugin directory.
+2. Create a repository on GitHub or GitLab.
+3. Publish your code there.
+
+```js
+const plugin = (opts = {}) => {
+  // Plugin creator to check options or prepare shared state
+  return {
+    postcssPlugin: 'PLUGIN NAME'
+    // Plugin listeners
+  }
+}
+plugin.postcss = true
+
+export default plugin
+```
+
+In TypeScript, type the creator as `PluginCreator` so `postcss = true` is valid:
+
+```ts
+import type { PluginCreator } from 'postcss'
+
+export interface PluginNameOptions {
+  // Types for plugin options
+}
+
+const plugin: PluginCreator<PluginNameOptions> = (opts = {}) => {
+  return {
+    postcssPlugin: 'PLUGIN NAME'
+    // Plugin listeners
+  }
+}
+plugin.postcss = true
+
+export default plugin
+```
+
+[PostCSS plugin boilerplate]: https://github.com/postcss/postcss-plugin-boilerplate/
+[plugin template]: https://github.com/postcss/postcss-plugin-boilerplate/blob/main/template/index.t.js
+
+## Step 3: Find nodes
+
+Most of the PostCSS plugins do two things:
+
+1. Find something in CSS (for instance, `will-change` property).
+2. Change found elements (for instance, insert `transform: translateZ(0)` before
+   `will-change` as a polyfill for old browsers).
+
+PostCSS parses CSS to the tree of nodes (we call it AST). This tree may content:
+
+- [`Root`]: node of the top of the tree, which represent CSS file.
+- [`AtRule`]: statements begin with `@` like `@charset "UTF-8"`
+  or `@media (screen) {}`.
+- [`Rule`]: selector with declaration inside. For instance `input, button {}`.
+- [`Declaration`]: key-value pair like `color: black`;
+- [`Comment`]: stand-alone comment. Comments inside selectors, at-rule
+  parameters and values are stored in node’s `raws` property.
+
+You can use [AST Explorer](https://astexplorer.net/#/2uBU1BLuJ1) to learn
+how PostCSS convert different CSS to AST.
+
+[`Root`]: https://postcss.org/api/#root
+[`AtRule`]: https://postcss.org/api/#atrule
+[`Rule`]: https://postcss.org/api/#rule
+[`Declaration`]: https://postcss.org/api/#declaration
+[`Comment`]: https://postcss.org/api/#comment
+
+You can find all nodes with specific types by adding method to plugin object:
+
+```js
+module.exports = (opts = {}) => {
+  return {
+    postcssPlugin: 'PLUGIN NAME',
+    Once(root) {
+      // Calls once per file, since every file has single Root
+    },
+    Declaration(decl) {
+      // All declaration nodes
+    }
+  }
+}
+module.exports.postcss = true
+```
+
+Here is the full list of [plugin’s events](https://postcss.org/api/#plugin).
+
+If you need declaration or at-rule with specific names,
+you can use quick search:
+
+```js
+    Declaration: {
+      color: decl => {
+        // All `color` declarations
+      },
+      '*': decl => {
+        // All declarations
+      }
+    },
+    AtRule: {
+      media: atRule => {
+        // All @media at-rules
+      }
+    }
+```
+
+For other cases, you can use regular expressions or specific parsers:
+
+- [Selector parser](https://github.com/postcss/postcss-selector-parser)
+- [Value parser](https://github.com/TrySound/postcss-value-parser)
+- [Dimension parser](https://github.com/jedmao/parse-css-dimension)
+  for `number`, `length` and `percentage`.
+- [Media query parser](https://github.com/dryoma/postcss-media-query-parser)
+- [Font parser](https://github.com/jedmao/parse-css-font)
+- [Sides parser](https://github.com/jedmao/parse-css-sides)
+  for `margin`, `padding` and `border` properties.
+
+Other tools to analyze AST:
+
+- [Property resolver](https://github.com/jedmao/postcss-resolve-prop)
+- [Function resolver](https://github.com/andyjansson/postcss-functions)
+- [Font helpers](https://github.com/jedmao/postcss-font-helpers)
+- [Margin helpers](https://github.com/jedmao/postcss-margin-helpers)
+
+Don’t forget that regular expression and parsers are heavy tasks. You can use
+`String#includes()` quick test before check node with heavy tool:
+
+```js
+if (decl.value.includes('gradient(')) {
+  let value = valueParser(decl.value)
+  …
+}
+```
+
+There two types or listeners: enter and exit. `Once`, `Root`, `AtRule`,
+and `Rule` will be called before processing children. `OnceExit`, `RootExit`,
+`AtRuleExit`, and `RuleExit` after processing all children inside node.
+
+You may want to re-use some data between listeners. You can do with
+runtime-defined listeners:
+
+```js
+module.exports = (opts = {}) => {
+  return {
+    postcssPlugin: 'vars-collector',
+    prepare(result) {
+      const variables = {}
+      return {
+        Declaration(node) {
+          if (node.variable) {
+            variables[node.prop] = node.value
+          }
+        },
+        OnceExit() {
+          console.log(variables)
+        }
+      }
+    }
+  }
+}
+```
+
+You can use `prepare()` to generate listeners dynamically. For instance,
+to use [Browserslist] to get declaration properties.
+
+[Browserslist]: https://github.com/browserslist/browserslist
+
+## Step 4: Change nodes
+
+When you find the right nodes, you will need to change them or to insert/delete
+other nodes around.
+
+PostCSS node has a DOM-like API to transform AST. Check out our [API docs].
+Nodes has methods to travel around (like [`Node#next`] or [`Node#parent`]),
+look to children (like [`Container#some`]), remove a node
+or add a new node inside.
+
+Plugin’s methods will receive node creators in second argument:
+
+```js
+    Declaration (node, { Rule }) {
+      let newRule = new Rule({ selector: 'a', source: node.source })
+      node.root().append(newRule)
+      newRule.append(node)
+    }
+```
+
+If you added new nodes, it is important to copy [`Node#source`] to generate
+correct source maps.
+
+Plugins will re-visit all nodes, which you changed or added. If you will change
+any children, plugin will re-visit parent as well. Only `Once` and
+`OnceExit` will not be called again.
+
+```js
+const plugin = () => {
+  return {
+    postcssPlugin: 'to-red',
+    Rule(rule) {
+      console.log(rule.toString())
+    },
+    Declaration(decl) {
+      console.log(decl.toString())
+      decl.value = 'red'
+    }
+  }
+}
+plugin.postcss = true
+
+await postcss([plugin]).process('a { color: black }', { from })
+// => a { color: black }
+// => color: black
+// => a { color: red }
+// => color: red
+```
+
+Since visitors will re-visit node on any changes, just adding children will
+cause an infinite loop. To prevent it, you need to check
+that you already processed this node:
+
+```js
+    Declaration: {
+      'will-change': decl => {
+        if (decl.parent.some(decl => decl.prop === 'transform')) {
+          decl.cloneBefore({ prop: 'transform', value: 'translate3d(0, 0, 0)' })
+        }
+      }
+    }
+```
+
+You can also use `Symbol` to mark processed nodes:
+
+```js
+const processed = Symbol('processed')
+
+const plugin = () => {
+  return {
+    postcssPlugin: 'example',
+    Rule(rule) {
+      if (!rule[processed]) {
+        process(rule)
+        rule[processed] = true
+      }
+    }
+  }
+}
+plugin.postcss = true
+```
+
+Second argument also have `result` object to add warnings:
+
+```js
+Declaration: {
+  bad: (decl, { result }) => {
+    decl.warn(result, 'Deprecated property bad')
+  }
+}
+```
+
+If your plugin depends on another file, you can attach a message to `result`
+to signify to runners (webpack, Gulp etc.) that they should rebuild the CSS
+when this file changes:
+
+```js
+    AtRule: {
+      import: (atRule, { result }) => {
+        const importedFile = parseImport(atRule)
+        result.messages.push({
+          type: 'dependency',
+          plugin: 'postcss-import',
+          file: importedFile,
+          parent: result.opts.from
+        })
+      }
+    }
+```
+
+If the dependency is a directory you should use the `dir-dependency`
+message type instead:
+
+```js
+result.messages.push({
+  type: 'dir-dependency',
+  plugin: 'postcss-import',
+  dir: importedDir,
+  parent: result.opts.from
+})
+```
+
+If you find an syntax error (for instance, undefined custom property),
+you can throw a special error:
+
+```js
+if (!variables[name]) {
+  throw decl.error(`Unknown variable ${name}`, { word: name })
+}
+```
+
+[`Container#some`]: https://postcss.org/api/#container-some
+[`Node#source`]: https://postcss.org/api/#node-source
+[`Node#parent`]: https://postcss.org/api/#node-parent
+[`Node#next`]: https://postcss.org/api/#node-next
+[API docs]: https://postcss.org/api/
+
+## Step 5: Fight with frustration
+
+> I hate programming<br />
+> I hate programming<br />
+> I hate programming<br />
+> It works!<br />
+> I love programming
+
+You will have bugs and a minimum of 10 minutes in debugging even a simple plugin.
+You may found that simple origin idea will not work in real-world and you need
+to change everything.
+
+Don’t worry. Every bug is findable, and finding another solution may make your
+plugin even better.
+
+Start from writing tests. Plugin boilerplate has a test template
+in `index.test.js`. Call `npx jest` to test your plugin.
+
+Use Node.js debugger in your text editor or just `console.log`
+to debug the code.
+
+PostCSS community can help you since we are all experiencing the same problems.
+Don’t afraid to ask in [special channel](https://github.com/orgs/postcss/discussions).
+
+## Step 6: Make it public
+
+Publish npm package with your new PostCSS plugin using [our guide](https://evilmartians.com/chronicles/the-secure-way-to-release-an-npm-package) with techniques to protect against supply chain attacks.
+
+Write a tweet about your new plugin (even if it is a small one) with
+[`@postcss`] mention. Or tell about your plugin in [our chat].
+We will help you with marketing.
+
+[Add your new plugin] to PostCSS plugin catalog.
+
+[Add your new plugin]: https://github.com/himynameisdave/postcss-plugins#submitting-a-new-plugin
+[`clean-publish`]: https://github.com/shashkovdanil/clean-publish/
+[`@postcss`]: https://twitter.com/postcss
diff --git a/eslint.config.mjs b/eslint.config.mjs
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..2c00ccce7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/eslint.config.mjs
@@ -0,0 +1,67 @@
+import loguxTsConfig from '@logux/eslint-config/ts'
+
+export default [
+  { ignores: ['docs/api/assets/', '**/errors.ts'] },
+  ...loguxTsConfig,
+  {
+    rules: {
+      '@typescript-eslint/consistent-type-imports': 'off',
+      '@typescript-eslint/no-explicit-any': 'off',
+      '@typescript-eslint/no-require-imports': 'off',
+      '@typescript-eslint/no-this-alias': 'off',
+      '@typescript-eslint/prefer-optional-chain': 'off',
+      'consistent-return': 'off',
+      'global-require': 'off',
+      'n/no-unsupported-features/es-syntax': [
+        'error',
+        {
+          ignores: ['hashbang', 'modules']
+        }
+      ],
+      'n/no-unsupported-features/node-builtins': [
+        'error',
+        { ignores: ['url.fileURLToPath', 'url.pathToFileURL', 'btoa', 'atob'] }
+      ],
+      'n/prefer-node-protocol': 'off',
+      'perfectionist/sort-switch-case': 'off'
+    }
+  },
+  {
+    files: ['test/types.ts'],
+    rules: {
+      'prefer-let/prefer-let': 'off'
+    }
+  },
+  {
+    files: ['**/*.d.ts'],
+    rules: {
+      '@typescript-eslint/no-redeclare': 'off',
+      'n/no-unsupported-features/es-syntax': 'off',
+      'no-shadow': 'off',
+      'no-use-before-define': 'off'
+    }
+  },
+  {
+    files: ['**/*.test.*', '**/types.ts'],
+    rules: {
+      '@typescript-eslint/no-base-to-string': 'off',
+      '@typescript-eslint/no-unsafe-return': 'off',
+      '@typescript-eslint/no-unused-expressions': 'off',
+      '@typescript-eslint/restrict-template-expressions': 'off',
+      '@typescript-eslint/unbound-method': 'off',
+      'func-style': 'off',
+      'n/no-unsupported-features/es-syntax': 'off',
+      'n/no-unsupported-features/node-builtins': 'off',
+      'no-console': 'off',
+      'no-unused-expressions': 'off'
+    }
+  },
+  {
+    files: ['test/fuzzing/*'],
+    rules: {
+      'n/no-missing-require': 'off',
+      'no-unused-expressions': 'off',
+      'no-void': 'off'
+    }
+  }
+]
diff --git a/gulpfile.js b/gulpfile.js
deleted file mode 100644
index 619088d3d..000000000
--- a/gulpfile.js
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,206 +0,0 @@
-var gulp = require('gulp');
-var fs   = require('fs-extra');
-
-// Build
-
-gulp.task('build:clean', function (done) {
-    fs.remove(__dirname + '/postcss.js', function () {
-        fs.remove(__dirname + '/build', done);
-    });
-});
-
-gulp.task('build:lib', ['build:clean'], function () {
-    var babel = require('gulp-babel');
-
-    return gulp.src('lib/*.js')
-        .pipe(babel({ loose: 'all' }))
-        .pipe(gulp.dest('build/lib'));
-});
-
-gulp.task('build:docs', ['build:clean'], function () {
-    var ignore = require('fs').readFileSync('.npmignore').toString()
-        .trim().split(/\n+/)
-        .concat(['.npmignore', 'index.js', 'package.json'])
-        .map(function (i) { return '!' + i; });
-
-    return gulp.src(['*'].concat(ignore))
-        .pipe(gulp.dest('build'));
-});
-
-gulp.task('build:package', ['build:clean'], function () {
-    var editor = require('gulp-json-editor');
-
-    gulp.src('./package.json')
-        .pipe(editor(function (json) {
-            json.main = 'lib/postcss';
-            json.devDependencies['6to5'] = json.dependencies['6to5'];
-            delete json.dependencies['6to5'];
-            return json;
-        }))
-        .pipe(gulp.dest('build'));
-});
-
-gulp.task('build', ['build:lib', 'build:docs', 'build:package']);
-
-gulp.task('standalone', ['build:lib'], function (done) {
-    var builder    = require('browserify')({
-        basedir:     __dirname + '/build/',
-        standalone: 'postcss'
-    });
-    builder.add('./lib/postcss.js');
-
-    var output = fs.createWriteStream(__dirname + '/postcss.js');
-    builder.bundle(function (error, build) {
-        if ( error ) {
-            process.stderr.write(error.toString() + "\n");
-            process.exit(1);
-        }
-
-        fs.removeSync(__dirname + '/build/');
-        fs.writeFile(__dirname + '/postcss.js', build, done);
-    });
-});
-
-// Lint
-
-gulp.task('lint', function () {
-    var jshint = require('gulp-jshint');
-
-    return gulp.src(['*.js',
-                     'lib/*.js',
-                     'test/*.js',
-                     'tasks/*.js',
-                     'benchmark/**/*.js'])
-        .pipe(jshint({ esnext: true, expr: true }))
-        .pipe(jshint.reporter('jshint-stylish'))
-        .pipe(jshint.reporter('fail'));
-});
-
-// Benchmark
-
-gulp.task('bench:clean', function (done) {
-    fs.remove(__dirname + '/benchmark/results', function () {
-        fs.remove(__dirname + '/benchmark/cache', done);
-    });
-});
-
-['tokenizer', 'parser'].forEach(function (type) {
-    gulp.task('bench:' + type, ['build:lib'], function() {
-        var compare = require('./tasks/compare');
-        var bench   = require('gulp-bench');
-        var sh      = require('execSync');
-
-        var status = sh.exec('git status --porcelain').stdout.trim();
-        var name   = status === '' ? 'master' : 'current';
-
-        return gulp.src('./benchmark/' + type + '.js', { read: false })
-            .pipe(bench({ outputFormat: 'json', output: name + '.json' }))
-            .pipe(compare(name))
-            .pipe(gulp.dest('./benchmark/results'));
-    });
-});
-
-gulp.task('bench:bootstrap', function (done) {
-    if ( fs.existsSync('./benchmark/cache/bootstrap.css') ) return done();
-
-    var get = require('./tasks/get');
-    get('github:twbs/bootstrap:dist/css/bootstrap.css', function (css) {
-        fs.outputFile('./benchmark/cache/bootstrap.css', css, done);
-    });
-});
-
-gulp.task('bench:processors', ['build', 'bench:bootstrap'], function () {
-    var bench   = require('gulp-bench');
-    var summary = require('gulp-bench-summary');
-    return gulp.src('./benchmark/processors.js', { read: false })
-        .pipe(bench())
-        .pipe(summary('PostCSS'));
-});
-
-gulp.task('bench:parsers', ['build', 'bench:bootstrap'], function () {
-    var bench   = require('gulp-bench');
-    var summary = require('gulp-bench-summary');
-    return gulp.src('./benchmark/parsers.js', { read: false })
-        .pipe(bench())
-        .pipe(summary('PostCSS'));
-});
-
-// Tests
-
-gulp.task('integration', ['build:lib'], function (done) {
-    var gutil = require('gulp-util');
-    var path  = require('path');
-
-    var postcss = require('./build/lib/postcss');
-    var styles  = require('./tasks/styles');
-
-    var error = function (message) {
-        done(new gutil.PluginError('integration', {
-            showStack: false,
-            message:   message
-        }));
-    };
-
-    var sites = [
-        { GitHub:       'https://github.com/' },
-        { Twitter:      'https://twitter.com/' },
-        { Bootstrap:    'github:twbs/bootstrap:dist/css/bootstrap.css' },
-        { Habrahabr:    'http://habrahabr.ru/' },
-        { Browserhacks: 'http://browserhacks.com/' }
-    ];
-
-    styles(sites, {
-        site: function (name) {
-            gutil.log('Test ' + name + ' styles');
-        },
-        css: function (css, url) {
-            var processed;
-            try {
-                processed = postcss().process(css, {
-                    map: { annotation: false },
-                    safe:  url.match('browserhacks.com')
-                }).css;
-            } catch (e) {
-                fs.writeFileSync('fail.css', css);
-                return error('Parsing error: ' + e.message + e.stack);
-            }
-
-            if ( processed != css ) {
-                fs.writeFileSync('origin.css', css);
-                fs.writeFileSync('fail.css', processed);
-                return error('Output is not equal input');
-            }
-
-            gutil.log('     ' + gutil.colors.green(path.basename(url)));
-            return true;
-        },
-        done: done
-    });
-});
-
-gulp.task('test', function () {
-    require('./');
-    var mocha = require('gulp-mocha');
-    return gulp.src('test/*.js', { read: false }).pipe(mocha());
-});
-
-// Helpers
-
-gulp.task('cases', function () {
-    var postcss = require('./');
-    var cases   = __dirname + '/test/cases/';
-
-    fs.readdirSync(cases).forEach(function (file) {
-        if ( !file.match(/\.css$/) ) return;
-        var css  = fs.readFileSync(cases + file);
-        var root = postcss.parse(css, { from: '/' + file });
-        var json = JSON.stringify(root, null, 4);
-        fs.writeFileSync(cases + file.replace(/\.css$/, '.json'), json + '\n');
-    });
-});
-
-// Common
-
-gulp.task('clean', ['build:clean', 'bench:clean']);
-
-gulp.task('default', ['lint', 'test', 'integration']);
diff --git a/index.js b/index.js
deleted file mode 100644
index 0c7538fab..000000000
--- a/index.js
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,16 +0,0 @@
-var path = require('path');
-
-var escape = function (str) {
-    return str.replace(/[\[\]\/{}()*+?.\\^$|-]/g, "\\$&");
-};
-
-var regexp = ['lib', 'test'].map(function (i) {
-    return '^' + escape(path.join(__dirname, i) + path.sep);
-}).join('|');
-
-require('babel/register')({
-    only:   new RegExp('(' + regexp + ')'),
-    ignore: false,
-    loose: 'all'
-});
-module.exports = require('./lib/postcss');
diff --git a/lib/at-rule.d.ts b/lib/at-rule.d.ts
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..703e39998
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/at-rule.d.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,139 @@
+import Container, {
+  ContainerProps,
+  ContainerWithChildren
+} from './container.js'
+
+declare namespace AtRule {
+  export interface AtRuleRaws extends Record<string, unknown> {
+    /**
+     * The space symbols after the last child of the node to the end of the node.
+     */
+    after?: string
+
+    /**
+     * The space between the at-rule name and its parameters.
+     */
+    afterName?: string
+
+    /**
+     * The space symbols before the node. It also stores `*`
+     * and `_` symbols before the declaration (IE hack).
+     */
+    before?: string
+
+    /**
+     * The symbols between the last parameter and `{` for rules.
+     */
+    between?: string
+
+    /**
+     * The rule’s selector with comments.
+     */
+    params?: {
+      raw: string
+      value: string
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Contains `true` if the last child has an (optional) semicolon.
+     */
+    semicolon?: boolean
+  }
+
+  export interface AtRuleProps extends ContainerProps {
+    /** Name of the at-rule. */
+    name: string
+    /** Parameters following the name of the at-rule. */
+    params?: number | string
+    /** Information used to generate byte-to-byte equal node string as it was in the origin input. */
+    raws?: AtRuleRaws
+  }
+
+  export { AtRule_ as default }
+}
+
+/**
+ * Represents an at-rule.
+ *
+ * ```js
+ * Once (root, { AtRule }) {
+ *   let media = new AtRule({ name: 'media', params: 'print' })
+ *   media.append(…)
+ *   root.append(media)
+ * }
+ * ```
+ *
+ * If it’s followed in the CSS by a `{}` block, this node will have
+ * a nodes property representing its children.
+ *
+ * ```js
+ * const root = postcss.parse('@charset "UTF-8"; @media print {}')
+ *
+ * const charset = root.first
+ * charset.type  //=> 'atrule'
+ * charset.nodes //=> undefined
+ *
+ * const media = root.last
+ * media.nodes   //=> []
+ * ```
+ */
+declare class AtRule_ extends Container {
+  /**
+   * An array containing the layer’s children.
+   *
+   * ```js
+   * const root = postcss.parse('@layer example { a { color: black } }')
+   * const layer = root.first
+   * layer.nodes.length           //=> 1
+   * layer.nodes[0].selector      //=> 'a'
+   * ```
+   *
+   * Can be `undefinded` if the at-rule has no body.
+   *
+   * ```js
+   * const root = postcss.parse('@layer a, b, c;')
+   * const layer = root.first
+   * layer.nodes //=> undefined
+   * ```
+   */
+  nodes: Container['nodes'] | undefined
+  parent: ContainerWithChildren | undefined
+
+  raws: AtRule.AtRuleRaws
+  type: 'atrule'
+  /**
+   * The at-rule’s name immediately follows the `@`.
+   *
+   * ```js
+   * const root  = postcss.parse('@media print {}')
+   * const media = root.first
+   * media.name //=> 'media'
+   * ```
+   */
+  get name(): string
+  set name(value: string)
+
+  /**
+   * The at-rule’s parameters, the values that follow the at-rule’s name
+   * but precede any `{}` block.
+   *
+   * ```js
+   * const root  = postcss.parse('@media print, screen {}')
+   * const media = root.first
+   * media.params //=> 'print, screen'
+   * ```
+   */
+  get params(): string
+
+  set params(value: string)
+
+  constructor(defaults?: AtRule.AtRuleProps)
+  assign(overrides: AtRule.AtRuleProps | object): this
+  clone(overrides?: Partial<AtRule.AtRuleProps>): this
+  cloneAfter(overrides?: Partial<AtRule.AtRuleProps>): this
+  cloneBefore(overrides?: Partial<AtRule.AtRuleProps>): this
+}
+
+declare class AtRule extends AtRule_ {}
+
+export = AtRule
diff --git a/lib/at-rule.js b/lib/at-rule.js
index 730ac6f54..9486447b0 100644
--- a/lib/at-rule.js
+++ b/lib/at-rule.js
@@ -1,57 +1,25 @@
-import Container from './container';
+'use strict'
 
-// CSS at-rule like “this.keyframes name { }”.
-//
-// Can contain declarations (like this.font-face or this.page) ot another rules.
-export default class AtRule extends Container {
-    constructor(defaults) {
-        this.type = 'atrule';
-        super(defaults);
-    }
+let Container = require('./container')
 
-    // Stringify at-rule
-    stringify(builder, semicolon) {
-        var name   = '@' + this.name;
-        var params = this.params ? this.stringifyRaw('params') : '';
+class AtRule extends Container {
+  constructor(defaults) {
+    super(defaults)
+    this.type = 'atrule'
+  }
 
-        if ( typeof(this.afterName) != 'undefined' ) {
-            name += this.afterName;
-        } else if ( params ) {
-            name += ' ';
-        }
+  append(...children) {
+    if (!this.proxyOf.nodes) this.nodes = []
+    return super.append(...children)
+  }
 
-        if ( this.nodes ) {
-            this.stringifyBlock(builder, name + params);
-
-        } else {
-            var before = this.style('before');
-            if ( before ) builder(before);
-            var end = (this.between || '') + (semicolon ? ';' : '');
-            builder(name + params + end, this);
-        }
-    }
-
-    // Hack to mark, that at-rule contains children
-    append(child) {
-        if ( !this.nodes ) this.nodes = [];
-        return super.append(child);
-    }
-
-    // Hack to mark, that at-rule contains children
-    prepend(child) {
-        if ( !this.nodes ) this.nodes = [];
-        return super.prepend(child);
-    }
+  prepend(...children) {
+    if (!this.proxyOf.nodes) this.nodes = []
+    return super.prepend(...children)
+  }
+}
 
-    // Hack to mark, that at-rule contains children
-    insertBefore(exist, add) {
-        if ( !this.nodes ) this.nodes = [];
-        return super.insertBefore(exist, add);
-    }
+module.exports = AtRule
+AtRule.default = AtRule
 
-    // Hack to mark, that at-rule contains children
-    insertAfter(exist, add) {
-        if ( !this.nodes ) this.nodes = [];
-        return super.insertAfter(exist, add);
-    }
-}
+Container.registerAtRule(AtRule)
diff --git a/lib/comment.d.ts b/lib/comment.d.ts
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..f764109b7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/comment.d.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,67 @@
+import Container from './container.js'
+import Node, { NodeProps } from './node.js'
+
+declare namespace Comment {
+  export interface CommentRaws extends Record<string, unknown> {
+    /**
+     * The space symbols before the node.
+     */
+    before?: string
+
+    /**
+     * The space symbols between `/*` and the comment’s text.
+     */
+    left?: string
+
+    /**
+     * The space symbols between the comment’s text.
+     */
+    right?: string
+  }
+
+  export interface CommentProps extends NodeProps {
+    /** Information used to generate byte-to-byte equal node string as it was in the origin input. */
+    raws?: CommentRaws
+    /** Content of the comment. */
+    text: string
+  }
+
+  export { Comment_ as default }
+}
+
+/**
+ * It represents a class that handles
+ * [CSS comments](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Comments)
+ *
+ * ```js
+ * Once (root, { Comment }) {
+ *   const note = new Comment({ text: 'Note: …' })
+ *   root.append(note)
+ * }
+ * ```
+ *
+ * Remember that CSS comments inside selectors, at-rule parameters,
+ * or declaration values will be stored in the `raws` properties
+ * explained above.
+ */
+declare class Comment_ extends Node {
+  parent: Container | undefined
+  raws: Comment.CommentRaws
+  type: 'comment'
+  /**
+   * The comment's text.
+   */
+  get text(): string
+
+  set text(value: string)
+
+  constructor(defaults?: Comment.CommentProps)
+  assign(overrides: Comment.CommentProps | object): this
+  clone(overrides?: Partial<Comment.CommentProps>): this
+  cloneAfter(overrides?: Partial<Comment.CommentProps>): this
+  cloneBefore(overrides?: Partial<Comment.CommentProps>): this
+}
+
+declare class Comment extends Comment_ {}
+
+export = Comment
diff --git a/lib/comment.js b/lib/comment.js
index d8c132363..c56650645 100644
--- a/lib/comment.js
+++ b/lib/comment.js
@@ -1,18 +1,13 @@
-import Node from './node';
+'use strict'
 
-// CSS comment between declarations or rules
-export default class Comment extends Node {
-    constructor(defaults) {
-        this.type = 'comment';
-        super(defaults);
-    }
+let Node = require('./node')
 
-    // Stringify declaration
-    stringify(builder) {
-        var before = this.style('before');
-        if ( before ) builder(before);
-        var left  = this.style('left',  'commentLeft');
-        var right = this.style('right', 'commentRight');
-        builder('/*' + left + this.text + right + '*/', this);
-    }
+class Comment extends Node {
+  constructor(defaults) {
+    super(defaults)
+    this.type = 'comment'
+  }
 }
+
+module.exports = Comment
+Comment.default = Comment
diff --git a/lib/container.d.ts b/lib/container.d.ts
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..82b24d04c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/container.d.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,478 @@
+import AtRule from './at-rule.js'
+import Comment from './comment.js'
+import Declaration from './declaration.js'
+import Node, { ChildNode, ChildProps, NodeProps } from './node.js'
+import { Root } from './postcss.js'
+import Rule from './rule.js'
+
+declare namespace Container {
+  export type ContainerWithChildren<Child extends Node = ChildNode> = {
+    nodes: Child[]
+  } & (AtRule | Root | Rule)
+
+  export interface ValueOptions {
+    /**
+     * String that’s used to narrow down values and speed up the regexp search.
+     */
+    fast?: string
+
+    /**
+     * An array of property names.
+     */
+    props?: readonly string[]
+  }
+
+  export interface ContainerProps extends NodeProps {
+    nodes?: readonly (ChildProps | Node)[]
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * All types that can be passed into container methods to create or add a new
+   * child node.
+   */
+  export type NewChild =
+    | ChildProps
+    | Node
+    | readonly ChildProps[]
+    | readonly Node[]
+    | readonly string[]
+    | string
+    | undefined
+
+  export { Container_ as default }
+}
+
+/**
+ * The `Root`, `AtRule`, and `Rule` container nodes
+ * inherit some common methods to help work with their children.
+ *
+ * Note that all containers can store any content. If you write a rule inside
+ * a rule, PostCSS will parse it.
+ */
+declare abstract class Container_<Child extends Node = ChildNode> extends Node {
+  /**
+   * An array containing the container’s children.
+   *
+   * ```js
+   * const root = postcss.parse('a { color: black }')
+   * root.nodes.length           //=> 1
+   * root.nodes[0].selector      //=> 'a'
+   * root.nodes[0].nodes[0].prop //=> 'color'
+   * ```
+   */
+  nodes: Child[] | undefined
+
+  /**
+   * The container’s first child.
+   *
+   * ```js
+   * rule.first === rules.nodes[0]
+   * ```
+   */
+  get first(): Child | undefined
+
+  /**
+   * The container’s last child.
+   *
+   * ```js
+   * rule.last === rule.nodes[rule.nodes.length - 1]
+   * ```
+   */
+  get last(): Child | undefined
+  /**
+   * Inserts new nodes to the end of the container.
+   *
+   * ```js
+   * const decl1 = new Declaration({ prop: 'color', value: 'black' })
+   * const decl2 = new Declaration({ prop: 'background-color', value: 'white' })
+   * rule.append(decl1, decl2)
+   *
+   * root.append({ name: 'charset', params: '"UTF-8"' })  // at-rule
+   * root.append({ selector: 'a' })                       // rule
+   * rule.append({ prop: 'color', value: 'black' })       // declaration
+   * rule.append({ text: 'Comment' })                     // comment
+   *
+   * root.append('a {}')
+   * root.first.append('color: black; z-index: 1')
+   * ```
+   *
+   * @param nodes New nodes.
+   * @return This node for methods chain.
+   */
+  append(...nodes: Container.NewChild[]): this
+  assign(overrides: Container.ContainerProps | object): this
+  clone(overrides?: Partial<Container.ContainerProps>): this
+
+  cloneAfter(overrides?: Partial<Container.ContainerProps>): this
+
+  cloneBefore(overrides?: Partial<Container.ContainerProps>): this
+  /**
+   * Iterates through the container’s immediate children,
+   * calling `callback` for each child.
+   *
+   * Returning `false` in the callback will break iteration.
+   *
+   * This method only iterates through the container’s immediate children.
+   * If you need to recursively iterate through all the container’s descendant
+   * nodes, use `Container#walk`.
+   *
+   * Unlike the for `{}`-cycle or `Array#forEach` this iterator is safe
+   * if you are mutating the array of child nodes during iteration.
+   * PostCSS will adjust the current index to match the mutations.
+   *
+   * ```js
+   * const root = postcss.parse('a { color: black; z-index: 1 }')
+   * const rule = root.first
+   *
+   * for (const decl of rule.nodes) {
+   *   decl.cloneBefore({ prop: '-webkit-' + decl.prop })
+   *   // Cycle will be infinite, because cloneBefore moves the current node
+   *   // to the next index
+   * }
+   *
+   * rule.each(decl => {
+   *   decl.cloneBefore({ prop: '-webkit-' + decl.prop })
+   *   // Will be executed only for color and z-index
+   * })
+   * ```
+   *
+   * @param callback Iterator receives each node and index.
+   * @return Returns `false` if iteration was broke.
+   */
+  each(
+    callback: (node: Child, index: number) => false | void
+  ): false | undefined
+
+  /**
+   * Returns `true` if callback returns `true`
+   * for all of the container’s children.
+   *
+   * ```js
+   * const noPrefixes = rule.every(i => i.prop[0] !== '-')
+   * ```
+   *
+   * @param condition Iterator returns true or false.
+   * @return Is every child pass condition.
+   */
+  every(
+    condition: (node: Child, index: number, nodes: Child[]) => boolean
+  ): boolean
+  /**
+   * Returns a `child`’s index within the `Container#nodes` array.
+   *
+   * ```js
+   * rule.index( rule.nodes[2] ) //=> 2
+   * ```
+   *
+   * @param child Child of the current container.
+   * @return Child index.
+   */
+  index(child: Child | number): number
+
+  /**
+   * Insert new node after old node within the container.
+   *
+   * @param oldNode Child or child’s index.
+   * @param newNode New node.
+   * @return This node for methods chain.
+   */
+  insertAfter(oldNode: Child | number, newNode: Container.NewChild): this
+
+  /**
+   * Traverses the container’s descendant nodes, calling callback
+   * for each comment node.
+   *
+   * Like `Container#each`, this method is safe
+   * to use if you are mutating arrays during iteration.
+   *
+   * ```js
+   * root.walkComments(comment => {
+   *   comment.remove()
+   * })
+   * ```
+   *
+   * @param callback Iterator receives each node and index.
+   * @return Returns `false` if iteration was broke.
+   */
+
+  /**
+   * Insert new node before old node within the container.
+   *
+   * ```js
+   * rule.insertBefore(decl, decl.clone({ prop: '-webkit-' + decl.prop }))
+   * ```
+   *
+   * @param oldNode Child or child’s index.
+   * @param newNode New node.
+   * @return This node for methods chain.
+   */
+  insertBefore(oldNode: Child | number, newNode: Container.NewChild): this
+  /**
+   * Inserts new nodes to the start of the container.
+   *
+   * ```js
+   * const decl1 = new Declaration({ prop: 'color', value: 'black' })
+   * const decl2 = new Declaration({ prop: 'background-color', value: 'white' })
+   * rule.prepend(decl1, decl2)
+   *
+   * root.append({ name: 'charset', params: '"UTF-8"' })  // at-rule
+   * root.append({ selector: 'a' })                       // rule
+   * rule.append({ prop: 'color', value: 'black' })       // declaration
+   * rule.append({ text: 'Comment' })                     // comment
+   *
+   * root.append('a {}')
+   * root.first.append('color: black; z-index: 1')
+   * ```
+   *
+   * @param nodes New nodes.
+   * @return This node for methods chain.
+   */
+  prepend(...nodes: Container.NewChild[]): this
+
+  /**
+   * Add child to the end of the node.
+   *
+   * ```js
+   * rule.push(new Declaration({ prop: 'color', value: 'black' }))
+   * ```
+   *
+   * @param child New node.
+   * @return This node for methods chain.
+   */
+  push(child: Child): this
+
+  /**
+   * Removes all children from the container
+   * and cleans their parent properties.
+   *
+   * ```js
+   * rule.removeAll()
+   * rule.nodes.length //=> 0
+   * ```
+   *
+   * @return This node for methods chain.
+   */
+  removeAll(): this
+
+  /**
+   * Removes node from the container and cleans the parent properties
+   * from the node and its children.
+   *
+   * ```js
+   * rule.nodes.length  //=> 5
+   * rule.removeChild(decl)
+   * rule.nodes.length  //=> 4
+   * decl.parent        //=> undefined
+   * ```
+   *
+   * @param child Child or child’s index.
+   * @return This node for methods chain.
+   */
+  removeChild(child: Child | number): this
+
+  replaceValues(
+    pattern: RegExp | string,
+    replaced: { (substring: string, ...args: any[]): string } | string
+  ): this
+  /**
+   * Passes all declaration values within the container that match pattern
+   * through callback, replacing those values with the returned result
+   * of callback.
+   *
+   * This method is useful if you are using a custom unit or function
+   * and need to iterate through all values.
+   *
+   * ```js
+   * root.replaceValues(/\d+rem/, { fast: 'rem' }, string => {
+   *   return 15 * parseInt(string) + 'px'
+   * })
+   * ```
+   *
+   * @param pattern      Replace pattern.
+   * @param {object} options             Options to speed up the search.
+   * @param replaced   String to replace pattern or callback
+   *                                     that returns a new value. The callback
+   *                                     will receive the same arguments
+   *                                     as those passed to a function parameter
+   *                                     of `String#replace`.
+   * @return This node for methods chain.
+   */
+  replaceValues(
+    pattern: RegExp | string,
+    options: Container.ValueOptions,
+    replaced: { (substring: string, ...args: any[]): string } | string
+  ): this
+
+  /**
+   * Returns `true` if callback returns `true` for (at least) one
+   * of the container’s children.
+   *
+   * ```js
+   * const hasPrefix = rule.some(i => i.prop[0] === '-')
+   * ```
+   *
+   * @param condition Iterator returns true or false.
+   * @return Is some child pass condition.
+   */
+  some(
+    condition: (node: Child, index: number, nodes: Child[]) => boolean
+  ): boolean
+
+  /**
+   * Traverses the container’s descendant nodes, calling callback
+   * for each node.
+   *
+   * Like container.each(), this method is safe to use
+   * if you are mutating arrays during iteration.
+   *
+   * If you only need to iterate through the container’s immediate children,
+   * use `Container#each`.
+   *
+   * ```js
+   * root.walk(node => {
+   *   // Traverses all descendant nodes.
+   * })
+   * ```
+   *
+   * @param callback Iterator receives each node and index.
+   * @return  Returns `false` if iteration was broke.
+   */
+  walk(
+    callback: (node: ChildNode, index: number) => false | void
+  ): false | undefined
+
+  /**
+   * Traverses the container’s descendant nodes, calling callback
+   * for each at-rule node.
+   *
+   * If you pass a filter, iteration will only happen over at-rules
+   * that have matching names.
+   *
+   * Like `Container#each`, this method is safe
+   * to use if you are mutating arrays during iteration.
+   *
+   * ```js
+   * root.walkAtRules(rule => {
+   *   if (isOld(rule.name)) rule.remove()
+   * })
+   *
+   * let first = false
+   * root.walkAtRules('charset', rule => {
+   *   if (!first) {
+   *     first = true
+   *   } else {
+   *     rule.remove()
+   *   }
+   * })
+   * ```
+   *
+   * @param name     String or regular expression to filter at-rules by name.
+   * @param callback Iterator receives each node and index.
+   * @return Returns `false` if iteration was broke.
+   */
+  walkAtRules(
+    nameFilter: RegExp | string,
+    callback: (atRule: AtRule, index: number) => false | void
+  ): false | undefined
+  walkAtRules(
+    callback: (atRule: AtRule, index: number) => false | void
+  ): false | undefined
+
+  walkComments(
+    callback: (comment: Comment, indexed: number) => false | void
+  ): false | undefined
+  walkComments(
+    callback: (comment: Comment, indexed: number) => false | void
+  ): false | undefined
+
+  /**
+   * Traverses the container’s descendant nodes, calling callback
+   * for each declaration node.
+   *
+   * If you pass a filter, iteration will only happen over declarations
+   * with matching properties.
+   *
+   * ```js
+   * root.walkDecls(decl => {
+   *   checkPropertySupport(decl.prop)
+   * })
+   *
+   * root.walkDecls('border-radius', decl => {
+   *   decl.remove()
+   * })
+   *
+   * root.walkDecls(/^background/, decl => {
+   *   decl.value = takeFirstColorFromGradient(decl.value)
+   * })
+   * ```
+   *
+   * Like `Container#each`, this method is safe
+   * to use if you are mutating arrays during iteration.
+   *
+   * @param prop     String or regular expression to filter declarations
+   *                 by property name.
+   * @param callback Iterator receives each node and index.
+   * @return Returns `false` if iteration was broke.
+   */
+  walkDecls(
+    propFilter: RegExp | string,
+    callback: (decl: Declaration, index: number) => false | void
+  ): false | undefined
+  walkDecls(
+    callback: (decl: Declaration, index: number) => false | void
+  ): false | undefined
+  /**
+   * Traverses the container’s descendant nodes, calling callback
+   * for each rule node.
+   *
+   * If you pass a filter, iteration will only happen over rules
+   * with matching selectors.
+   *
+   * Like `Container#each`, this method is safe
+   * to use if you are mutating arrays during iteration.
+   *
+   * ```js
+   * const selectors = []
+   * root.walkRules(rule => {
+   *   selectors.push(rule.selector)
+   * })
+   * console.log(`Your CSS uses ${ selectors.length } selectors`)
+   * ```
+   *
+   * @param selector String or regular expression to filter rules by selector.
+   * @param callback Iterator receives each node and index.
+   * @return Returns `false` if iteration was broke.
+   */
+  walkRules(
+    selectorFilter: RegExp | string,
+    callback: (rule: Rule, index: number) => false | void
+  ): false | undefined
+  walkRules(
+    callback: (rule: Rule, index: number) => false | void
+  ): false | undefined
+  /**
+   * An internal method that converts a {@link NewChild} into a list of actual
+   * child nodes that can then be added to this container.
+   *
+   * This ensures that the nodes' parent is set to this container, that they use
+   * the correct prototype chain, and that they're marked as dirty.
+   *
+   * @param mnodes The new node or nodes to add.
+   * @param sample A node from whose raws the new node's `before` raw should be
+   *               taken.
+   * @param type   This should be set to `'prepend'` if the new nodes will be
+   *               inserted at the beginning of the container.
+   * @hidden
+   */
+  protected normalize(
+    nodes: Container.NewChild,
+    sample: Node | undefined,
+    type?: 'prepend' | false
+  ): Child[]
+}
+
+declare class Container<
+  Child extends Node = ChildNode
+> extends Container_<Child> {}
+
+export = Container
diff --git a/lib/container.js b/lib/container.js
index 6d21d4c56..cd3b65b6f 100644
--- a/lib/container.js
+++ b/lib/container.js
@@ -1,439 +1,494 @@
-import Declaration from './declaration';
-import Comment     from './comment';
-import Node        from './node';
-
-// CSS node, that contain another nodes (like at-rules or rules with selectors)
-export default class Container extends Node {
-
-    // Stringify container children
-    stringifyContent(builder) {
-        if ( !this.nodes ) return;
-
-        var i, last = this.nodes.length - 1;
-        while ( last > 0 ) {
-            if ( this.nodes[last].type != 'comment' ) break;
-            last -= 1;
-        }
-
-        var semicolon = this.style('semicolon');
-        for ( i = 0; i < this.nodes.length; i++ ) {
-            this.nodes[i].stringify(builder, last != i || semicolon);
-        }
+'use strict'
+
+let Comment = require('./comment')
+let Declaration = require('./declaration')
+let Node = require('./node')
+let { isClean, my } = require('./symbols')
+
+let AtRule, parse, Root, Rule
+
+function cleanSource(nodes) {
+  let stack = nodes.slice()
+  while (stack.length > 0) {
+    let node = stack.pop()
+    delete node.source
+    if (node.nodes) {
+      node.nodes = node.nodes.slice()
+      for (let i of node.nodes) stack.push(i)
     }
+  }
+  return nodes.slice()
+}
 
-    // Stringify node with start (for example, selector) and brackets block
-    // with child inside
-    stringifyBlock(builder, start) {
-        var before = this.style('before');
-        if ( before ) builder(before);
-
-        var between = this.style('between', 'beforeOpen');
-        builder(start + between + '{', this, 'start');
-
-        var after;
-        if ( this.nodes && this.nodes.length ) {
-            this.stringifyContent(builder);
-            after = this.style('after');
-        } else {
-            after = this.style('after', 'emptyBody');
-        }
-
-        if ( after ) builder(after);
-        builder('}', this, 'end');
+function markTreeDirty(node) {
+  let stack = [node]
+  while (stack.length > 0) {
+    let next = stack.pop()
+    next[isClean] = false
+    if (next.proxyOf.nodes) {
+      for (let i of next.proxyOf.nodes) stack.push(i)
     }
+  }
+}
 
-    // Add child to end of list without any checks.
-    // Please, use `append()` method, `push()` is mostly for parser.
-    push(child) {
-        child.parent = this;
-        this.nodes.push(child);
-        return this;
+class Container extends Node {
+  get first() {
+    if (!this.proxyOf.nodes) return undefined
+    return this.proxyOf.nodes[0]
+  }
+
+  get last() {
+    if (!this.proxyOf.nodes) return undefined
+    return this.proxyOf.nodes[this.proxyOf.nodes.length - 1]
+  }
+
+  append(...children) {
+    for (let child of children) {
+      let nodes = this.normalize(child, this.last)
+      for (let node of nodes) this.proxyOf.nodes.push(node)
     }
 
-    // Execute `callback` on every child element. First arguments will be child
-    // node, second will be index.
-    //
-    //   css.each( (rule, i) => {
-    //       console.log(rule.type + ' at ' + i);
-    //   });
-    //
-    // It is safe for add and remove elements to list while iterating:
-    //
-    //  css.each( (rule) => {
-    //      css.insertBefore( rule, addPrefix(rule) );
-    //      # On next iteration will be next rule, regardless of that
-    //      # list size was increased
-    //  });
-    each(callback) {
-        if ( !this.lastEach ) this.lastEach = 0;
-        if ( !this.indexes )  this.indexes = { };
-
-        this.lastEach += 1;
-        var id = this.lastEach;
-        this.indexes[id] = 0;
-
-        if ( !this.nodes ) return;
-
-        var index, result;
-        while ( this.indexes[id] < this.nodes.length ) {
-            index  = this.indexes[id];
-            result = callback(this.nodes[index], index);
-            if ( result === false ) break;
-
-            this.indexes[id] += 1;
-        }
+    this.markDirty()
+
+    return this
+  }
+
+  cleanRaws(keepBetween) {
+    let stack = [this]
+    while (stack.length > 0) {
+      let node = stack.pop()
+      if (node !== this && node.cleanRaws !== Container.prototype.cleanRaws) {
+        // Subclass with own logic; let it handle its subtree
+        node.cleanRaws(keepBetween)
+        continue
+      }
+      Node.prototype.cleanRaws.call(node, keepBetween)
+      if (node.nodes) {
+        for (let child of node.nodes) stack.push(child)
+      }
+    }
+  }
 
-        delete this.indexes[id];
+  each(callback) {
+    if (!this.proxyOf.nodes) return undefined
+    let iterator = this.getIterator()
 
-        if ( result === false ) return false;
-    }
+    let index, result
+    while (this.indexes[iterator] < this.proxyOf.nodes.length) {
+      index = this.indexes[iterator]
+      result = callback(this.proxyOf.nodes[index], index)
+      if (result === false) break
 
-    // Execute callback on every child in all rules inside.
-    //
-    // First argument will be child node, second will be index inside parent.
-    //
-    //   css.eachInside( (node, i) => {
-    //       console.log(node.type + ' at ' + i);
-    //   });
-    //
-    // Also as `each` it is safe of insert/remove nodes inside iterating.
-    eachInside(callback) {
-        return this.each( (child, i) => {
-            var result = callback(child, i);
-
-            if ( result !== false && child.eachInside ) {
-                result = child.eachInside(callback);
-            }
-
-            if ( result === false ) return result;
-        });
+      this.indexes[iterator] += 1
     }
 
-    // Execute callback on every declaration in all rules inside.
-    // It will goes inside at-rules recursivelly.
-    //
-    // First argument will be declaration node, second will be index inside
-    // parent rule.
-    //
-    //   css.eachDecl( (decl, i) => {
-    //       console.log(decl.prop + ' in ' + decl.parent.selector + ':' + i);
-    //   });
-    //
-    // Also as `each` it is safe of insert/remove nodes inside iterating.
-    //
-    // You can filter declrataion by property name:
-    //
-    //   css.eachDecl('background', (decl) => { });
-    eachDecl(prop, callback) {
-        if ( !callback ) {
-            callback = prop;
-            return this.eachInside( (child, i) => {
-                if ( child.type == 'decl' ) {
-                    var result = callback(child, i);
-                    if ( result === false ) return result;
+    delete this.indexes[iterator]
+    return result
+  }
+
+  every(condition) {
+    return this.nodes.every(condition)
+  }
+
+  getIterator() {
+    if (!this.lastEach) this.lastEach = 0
+    if (!this.indexes) this.indexes = {}
+
+    this.lastEach += 1
+    let iterator = this.lastEach
+    this.indexes[iterator] = 0
+
+    return iterator
+  }
+
+  getProxyProcessor() {
+    return {
+      get(node, prop) {
+        if (prop === 'proxyOf') {
+          return node
+        } else if (!node[prop]) {
+          return node[prop]
+        } else if (
+          prop === 'each' ||
+          (typeof prop === 'string' && prop.startsWith('walk'))
+        ) {
+          return (...args) => {
+            return node[prop](
+              ...args.map(i => {
+                if (typeof i === 'function') {
+                  return (child, index) => i(child.toProxy(), index)
+                } else {
+                  return i
                 }
-            });
-        } else if ( prop instanceof RegExp ) {
-            return this.eachInside( (child, i) => {
-                if ( child.type == 'decl' && prop.test(child.prop) ) {
-                    var result = callback(child, i);
-                    if ( result === false ) return result;
-                }
-            });
+              })
+            )
+          }
+        } else if (prop === 'every' || prop === 'some') {
+          return cb => {
+            return node[prop]((child, ...other) =>
+              cb(child.toProxy(), ...other)
+            )
+          }
+        } else if (prop === 'root') {
+          return () => node.root().toProxy()
+        } else if (prop === 'nodes') {
+          return node.nodes.map(i => i.toProxy())
+        } else if (prop === 'first' || prop === 'last') {
+          return node[prop].toProxy()
         } else {
-            return this.eachInside( (child, i) => {
-                if ( child.type == 'decl' && child.prop == prop ) {
-                    var result = callback(child, i);
-                    if ( result === false ) return result;
-                }
-            });
+          return node[prop]
         }
-    }
-
-    // Execute `callback` on every rule in conatiner and inside child at-rules.
-    //
-    // First argument will be rule node, second will be index inside parent.
-    //
-    //   css.eachRule( (rule, i) => {
-    //       if ( parent.type == 'atrule' ) {
-    //           console.log(rule.selector + ' in ' + rule.parent.name);
-    //       } else {
-    //           console.log(rule.selector + ' at ' + i);
-    //       }
-    //   });
-    eachRule(callback) {
-        return this.eachInside( (child, i) => {
-            if ( child.type == 'rule' ) {
-                var result = callback(child, i);
-                if ( result === false ) return result;
-            }
-        });
-    }
+      },
 
-    // Execute `callback` on every at-rule in conatiner and inside at-rules.
-    //
-    // First argument will be at-rule node, second will be index inside parent.
-    //
-    //   css.eachAtRule( (atrule, parent, i) => {
-    //       if ( parent.type == 'atrule' ) {
-    //           console.log(atrule.name + ' in ' + atrule.parent.name);
-    //       } else {
-    //           console.log(atrule.name + ' at ' + i);
-    //       }
-    //   });
-    //
-    // You can filter at-rules by name:
-    //
-    //   css.eachAtRule('keyframes', (atrule) => { });
-    eachAtRule(name, callback) {
-        if ( !callback ) {
-            callback = name;
-            return this.eachInside( (child, i) => {
-                if ( child.type == 'atrule' ) {
-                    var result = callback(child, i);
-                    if ( result === false ) return result;
-                }
-            });
-        } else if ( name instanceof RegExp ) {
-            return this.eachInside( (child, i) => {
-                if ( child.type == 'atrule' && name.test(child.name) ) {
-                    var result = callback(child, i);
-                    if ( result === false ) return result;
-                }
-            });
-        } else {
-            return this.eachInside( (child, i) => {
-                if ( child.type == 'atrule' && child.name == name ) {
-                    var result = callback(child, i);
-                    if ( result === false ) return result;
-                }
-            });
+      set(node, prop, value) {
+        if (node[prop] === value) return true
+        node[prop] = value
+        if (prop === 'name' || prop === 'params' || prop === 'selector') {
+          node.markDirty()
         }
+        return true
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  index(child) {
+    if (typeof child === 'number') return child
+    if (child.proxyOf) child = child.proxyOf
+    return this.proxyOf.nodes.indexOf(child)
+  }
+
+  insertAfter(exist, add) {
+    let existIndex = this.index(exist)
+    let nodes = this.normalize(add, this.proxyOf.nodes[existIndex]).reverse()
+    existIndex = this.index(exist)
+    for (let node of nodes) this.proxyOf.nodes.splice(existIndex + 1, 0, node)
+
+    let index
+    for (let id in this.indexes) {
+      index = this.indexes[id]
+      if (existIndex < index) {
+        this.indexes[id] = index + nodes.length
+      }
     }
 
-    // Execute callback on every block comment (only between rules
-    // and declarations, not inside selectors and values) in all rules inside.
-    //
-    // First argument will be comment node, second will be index inside
-    // parent rule.
-    //
-    //   css.eachComment( (comment, i) => {
-    //       console.log(comment.content + ' at ' + i);
-    //   });
-    //
-    // Also as `each` it is safe of insert/remove nodes inside iterating.
-    eachComment(callback) {
-        return this.eachInside( (child, i) => {
-            if ( child.type == 'comment' ) {
-                var result = callback(child, i);
-                if ( result === false ) return result;
-            }
-        });
+    this.markDirty()
+
+    return this
+  }
+
+  insertBefore(exist, add) {
+    let existIndex = this.index(exist)
+    let type = existIndex === 0 ? 'prepend' : false
+    let nodes = this.normalize(
+      add,
+      this.proxyOf.nodes[existIndex],
+      type
+    ).reverse()
+    existIndex = this.index(exist)
+    for (let node of nodes) this.proxyOf.nodes.splice(existIndex, 0, node)
+
+    let index
+    for (let id in this.indexes) {
+      index = this.indexes[id]
+      if (existIndex <= index) {
+        this.indexes[id] = index + nodes.length
+      }
     }
 
-    // Add child to container.
-    //
-    //   css.append(rule);
-    //
-    // You can add declaration by hash:
-    //
-    //   rule.append({ prop: 'color', value: 'black' });
-    append(child) {
-        var nodes = this.normalize(child, this.last);
-        for ( var node of nodes ) this.nodes.push(node);
-        return this;
+    this.markDirty()
+
+    return this
+  }
+
+  normalize(nodes, sample) {
+    if (typeof nodes === 'string') {
+      nodes = cleanSource(parse(nodes).nodes)
+    } else if (typeof nodes === 'undefined') {
+      nodes = []
+    } else if (Array.isArray(nodes)) {
+      nodes = nodes.slice(0)
+      for (let i of nodes) {
+        if (i.parent) i.parent.removeChild(i, 'ignore')
+      }
+    } else if (nodes.type === 'root' && this.type !== 'document') {
+      nodes = nodes.nodes.slice(0)
+      for (let i of nodes) {
+        if (i.parent) i.parent.removeChild(i, 'ignore')
+      }
+    } else if (nodes.type) {
+      nodes = [nodes]
+    } else if (nodes.prop) {
+      if (typeof nodes.value === 'undefined') {
+        throw new Error('Value field is missed in node creation')
+      } else if (typeof nodes.value !== 'string') {
+        nodes.value = String(nodes.value)
+      }
+      nodes = [new Declaration(nodes)]
+    } else if (nodes.selector || nodes.selectors) {
+      nodes = [new Rule(nodes)]
+    } else if (nodes.name) {
+      nodes = [new AtRule(nodes)]
+    } else if (nodes.text) {
+      nodes = [new Comment(nodes)]
+    } else {
+      throw new Error('Unknown node type in node creation')
     }
 
-    // Add child to beginning of container
-    //
-    //   css.prepend(rule);
-    //
-    // You can add declaration by hash:
-    //
-    //   rule.prepend({ prop: 'color', value: 'black' });
-    prepend(child) {
-        var nodes = this.normalize(child, this.first, 'prepend').reverse();
-        for ( var node of nodes ) this.nodes.unshift(node);
-
-        for ( var id in this.indexes ) {
-            this.indexes[id] = this.indexes[id] + nodes.length;
+    let processed = nodes.map(i => {
+      /* c8 ignore next */
+      if (!i[my]) Container.rebuild(i)
+      i = i.proxyOf
+      if (i.parent) i.parent.removeChild(i)
+      if (i[isClean]) markTreeDirty(i)
+
+      if (!i.raws) i.raws = {}
+      if (typeof i.raws.before === 'undefined') {
+        if (sample && typeof sample.raws.before !== 'undefined') {
+          i.raws.before = sample.raws.before.replace(/\S/g, '')
         }
-
-        return this;
+      }
+      i.parent = this.proxyOf
+      return i
+    })
+
+    return processed
+  }
+
+  prepend(...children) {
+    children = children.reverse()
+    for (let child of children) {
+      let nodes = this.normalize(child, this.first, 'prepend').reverse()
+      for (let node of nodes) this.proxyOf.nodes.unshift(node)
+      for (let id in this.indexes) {
+        this.indexes[id] = this.indexes[id] + nodes.length
+      }
     }
 
-    // Insert new `added` child before `exist`.
-    // You can set node object or node index (it will be faster) in `exist`.
-    //
-    //   css.insertAfter(1, rule);
-    //
-    // You can add declaration by hash:
-    //
-    //   rule.insertBefore(1, { prop: 'color', value: 'black' });
-    insertBefore(exist, add) {
-        exist = this.index(exist);
-
-        var type  = exist === 0 ? 'prepend' : false;
-        var nodes = this.normalize(add, this.nodes[exist], type).reverse();
-        for ( var node of nodes ) this.nodes.splice(exist, 0, node);
-
-        var index;
-        for ( var id in this.indexes ) {
-            index = this.indexes[id];
-            if ( exist <= index ) {
-                this.indexes[id] = index + nodes.length;
-            }
-        }
+    this.markDirty()
 
-        return this;
-    }
+    return this
+  }
 
-    // Insert new `added` child after `exist`.
-    // You can set node object or node index (it will be faster) in `exist`.
-    //
-    //   css.insertAfter(1, rule);
-    //
-    // You can add declaration by hash:
-    //
-    //   rule.insertAfter(1, { prop: 'color', value: 'black' });
-    insertAfter(exist, add) {
-        exist = this.index(exist);
-
-        var nodes = this.normalize(add, this.nodes[exist]).reverse();
-        for ( var node of nodes ) this.nodes.splice(exist + 1, 0, node);
-
-        var index;
-        for ( var id in this.indexes ) {
-            index = this.indexes[id];
-            if ( exist < index ) {
-                this.indexes[id] = index + nodes.length;
-            }
-        }
+  push(child) {
+    child.parent = this
+    this.proxyOf.nodes.push(child)
+    return this
+  }
 
-        return this;
-    }
+  removeAll() {
+    for (let node of this.proxyOf.nodes) node.parent = undefined
+    this.proxyOf.nodes = []
 
-    // Remove `child` by index or node.
-    //
-    //   css.remove(2);
-    remove(child) {
-        child = this.index(child);
-        this.nodes[child].parent = undefined;
-        this.nodes.splice(child, 1);
-
-        var index;
-        for ( var id in this.indexes ) {
-            index = this.indexes[id];
-            if ( index >= child ) {
-                this.indexes[id] = index - 1;
-            }
-        }
+    this.markDirty()
 
-        return this;
-    }
+    return this
+  }
 
-    // Remove all children in node.
-    //
-    //   css.removeAll();
-    removeAll() {
-        for ( var node of this.nodes ) node.parent = undefined;
-        this.nodes = [];
-        return this;
-    }
+  removeChild(child) {
+    child = this.index(child)
+    this.proxyOf.nodes[child].parent = undefined
+    this.proxyOf.nodes.splice(child, 1)
 
-    // Recursivelly check all declarations inside node and replace
-    // `regexp` by `callback`.
-    //
-    //   css.replaceValues('black', '#000');
-    //
-    // Argumets `regexp` and `callback` is same as in `String#replace()`.
-    //
-    // You can speed up checks by `props` and `fast` options:
-    //
-    //   css.replaceValues(/\d+rem/, { fast: 'rem', props: ['width'] },
-    //       function (str) {
-    //           return (14 * parseInt(str)) + 'px';
-    //       })
-    replaceValues(regexp, opts, callback) {
-        if ( !callback ) {
-            callback = opts;
-            opts = { };
-        }
+    let index
+    for (let id in this.indexes) {
+      index = this.indexes[id]
+      if (index >= child) {
+        this.indexes[id] = index - 1
+      }
+    }
 
-        this.eachDecl((decl) => {
-            if ( opts.props && opts.props.indexOf(decl.prop) == -1 ) return;
-            if ( opts.fast  && decl.value.indexOf(opts.fast) == -1 ) return;
+    this.markDirty()
 
-            decl.value = decl.value.replace(regexp, callback);
-        });
+    return this
+  }
 
-        return this;
+  replaceValues(pattern, opts, callback) {
+    if (!callback) {
+      callback = opts
+      opts = {}
     }
 
-    // Return true if all nodes return true in `condition`.
-    // Just shorcut for `nodes.every`.
-    every(condition) {
-        return this.nodes.every(condition);
+    this.walkDecls(decl => {
+      if (opts.props && !opts.props.includes(decl.prop)) return
+      if (opts.fast && !decl.value.includes(opts.fast)) return
+
+      decl.value = decl.value.replace(pattern, callback)
+    })
+
+    this.markDirty()
+
+    return this
+  }
+
+  some(condition) {
+    return this.nodes.some(condition)
+  }
+
+  walk(callback) {
+    if (!this.proxyOf.nodes) return undefined
+
+    // An explicit stack instead of recursive `each()` calls to survive
+    // deeply nested trees. Each frame keeps a live `indexes` slot, so
+    // insertion and removal during the walk behave like `each()`: the
+    // slot stays at the current child until its subtree is finished.
+    let stack = [{ iterator: this.getIterator(), node: this.proxyOf }]
+
+    while (stack.length > 0) {
+      let { iterator, node } = stack[stack.length - 1]
+      let index = node.indexes[iterator]
+
+      if (index >= node.proxyOf.nodes.length) {
+        delete node.indexes[iterator]
+        stack.pop()
+        let parent = stack[stack.length - 1]
+        // Finish the parent’s step for the child subtree we just left
+        if (parent) parent.node.indexes[parent.iterator] += 1
+        continue
+      }
+
+      let child = node.proxyOf.nodes[index]
+      let result
+      try {
+        result = callback(child, index)
+      } catch (e) {
+        throw child.addToError(e)
+      }
+      if (result === false) {
+        for (let opened of stack) {
+          delete opened.node.indexes[opened.iterator]
+        }
+        return false
+      }
+      if (child.walk && child.proxyOf.nodes) {
+        stack.push({ iterator: child.getIterator(), node: child })
+      } else {
+        node.indexes[iterator] += 1
+      }
     }
 
-    // Return true if one or more nodes return true in `condition`.
-    // Just shorcut for `nodes.some`.
-    some(condition) {
-        return this.nodes.some(condition);
-    }
+    return undefined
+  }
 
-    // Return index of child
-    index(child) {
-        if ( typeof(child) == 'number' ) {
-            return child;
-        } else {
-            return this.nodes.indexOf(child);
+  walkAtRules(name, callback) {
+    if (!callback) {
+      callback = name
+      return this.walk((child, i) => {
+        if (child.type === 'atrule') {
+          return callback(child, i)
         }
+      })
     }
-
-    // Shortcut to get first child
-    get first() {
-        if ( !this.nodes ) return undefined;
-        return this.nodes[0];
+    if (name instanceof RegExp) {
+      return this.walk((child, i) => {
+        if (child.type === 'atrule' && name.test(child.name)) {
+          return callback(child, i)
+        }
+      })
     }
-
-    // Shortcut to get first child
-    get last() {
-        if ( !this.nodes ) return undefined;
-        return this.nodes[this.nodes.length - 1];
+    return this.walk((child, i) => {
+      if (child.type === 'atrule' && child.name === name) {
+        return callback(child, i)
+      }
+    })
+  }
+
+  walkComments(callback) {
+    return this.walk((child, i) => {
+      if (child.type === 'comment') {
+        return callback(child, i)
+      }
+    })
+  }
+
+  walkDecls(prop, callback) {
+    if (!callback) {
+      callback = prop
+      return this.walk((child, i) => {
+        if (child.type === 'decl') {
+          return callback(child, i)
+        }
+      })
     }
-
-    // Normalize child before insert. Copy before from `sample`.
-    normalize(nodes, sample) {
-        if ( !Array.isArray(nodes) ) {
-            if ( nodes.type == 'root' ) {
-                nodes = nodes.nodes;
-            } else if ( nodes.type ) {
-                nodes = [nodes];
-            } else if ( nodes.prop ) {
-                nodes = [new Declaration(nodes)];
-            } else if ( nodes.selector ) {
-                import Rule from './rule';
-                nodes = [new Rule(nodes)];
-            } else if ( nodes.name ) {
-                import AtRule from './at-rule';
-                nodes = [new AtRule(nodes)];
-            } else if ( nodes.text ) {
-                nodes = [new Comment(nodes)];
-            }
+    if (prop instanceof RegExp) {
+      return this.walk((child, i) => {
+        if (child.type === 'decl' && prop.test(child.prop)) {
+          return callback(child, i)
+        }
+      })
+    }
+    return this.walk((child, i) => {
+      if (child.type === 'decl' && child.prop === prop) {
+        return callback(child, i)
+      }
+    })
+  }
+
+  walkRules(selector, callback) {
+    if (!callback) {
+      callback = selector
+
+      return this.walk((child, i) => {
+        if (child.type === 'rule') {
+          return callback(child, i)
         }
+      })
+    }
+    if (selector instanceof RegExp) {
+      return this.walk((child, i) => {
+        if (child.type === 'rule' && selector.test(child.selector)) {
+          return callback(child, i)
+        }
+      })
+    }
+    return this.walk((child, i) => {
+      if (child.type === 'rule' && child.selector === selector) {
+        return callback(child, i)
+      }
+    })
+  }
+}
 
-        var processed = nodes.map( (child) => {
-            if ( child.parent ) child = child.clone();
-            if ( typeof(child.before) == 'undefined' ) {
-                if ( sample && typeof(sample.before) != 'undefined' ) {
-                    child.before = sample.before.replace(/[^\s]/g, '');
-                }
-            }
-            child.parent = this;
-            return child;
-        });
+Container.registerParse = dependant => {
+  parse = dependant
+}
+
+Container.registerRule = dependant => {
+  Rule = dependant
+}
+
+Container.registerAtRule = dependant => {
+  AtRule = dependant
+}
+
+Container.registerRoot = dependant => {
+  Root = dependant
+}
+
+module.exports = Container
+Container.default = Container
+
+/* c8 ignore start */
+Container.rebuild = node => {
+  let stack = [node]
+  while (stack.length > 0) {
+    let next = stack.pop()
+    if (next.type === 'atrule') {
+      Object.setPrototypeOf(next, AtRule.prototype)
+    } else if (next.type === 'rule') {
+      Object.setPrototypeOf(next, Rule.prototype)
+    } else if (next.type === 'decl') {
+      Object.setPrototypeOf(next, Declaration.prototype)
+    } else if (next.type === 'comment') {
+      Object.setPrototypeOf(next, Comment.prototype)
+    } else if (next.type === 'root') {
+      Object.setPrototypeOf(next, Root.prototype)
+    }
+
+    next[my] = true
 
-        return processed;
+    if (next.nodes) {
+      for (let child of next.nodes) stack.push(child)
     }
+  }
 }
+/* c8 ignore stop */
diff --git a/lib/css-syntax-error.d.ts b/lib/css-syntax-error.d.ts
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..03d9ed176
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/css-syntax-error.d.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,247 @@
+import { FilePosition } from './input.js'
+
+declare namespace CssSyntaxError {
+  /**
+   * A position that is part of a range.
+   */
+  export interface RangePosition {
+    /**
+     * The column number in the input.
+     */
+    column: number
+
+    /**
+     * The line number in the input.
+     */
+    line: number
+  }
+
+  export { CssSyntaxError_ as default }
+}
+
+/**
+ * The CSS parser throws this error for broken CSS.
+ *
+ * Custom parsers can throw this error for broken custom syntax using
+ * the `Node#error` method.
+ *
+ * PostCSS will use the input source map to detect the original error location.
+ * If you wrote a Sass file, compiled it to CSS and then parsed it with PostCSS,
+ * PostCSS will show the original position in the Sass file.
+ *
+ * If you need the position in the PostCSS input
+ * (e.g., to debug the previous compiler), use `error.input.file`.
+ *
+ * ```js
+ * // Raising error from plugin
+ * throw node.error('Unknown variable', { plugin: 'postcss-vars' })
+ * ```
+ *
+ * ```js
+ * // Catching and checking syntax error
+ * try {
+ *   postcss.parse('a{')
+ * } catch (error) {
+ *   if (error.name === 'CssSyntaxError') {
+ *     error //=> CssSyntaxError
+ *   }
+ * }
+ * ```
+ */
+declare class CssSyntaxError_ extends Error {
+  /**
+   * Source column of the error.
+   *
+   * ```js
+   * error.column       //=> 1
+   * error.input.column //=> 4
+   * ```
+   *
+   * PostCSS will use the input source map to detect the original location.
+   * If you need the position in the PostCSS input, use `error.input.column`.
+   */
+  column?: number
+
+  /**
+   * Source column of the error's end, exclusive. Provided if the error pertains
+   * to a range.
+   *
+   * ```js
+   * error.endColumn       //=> 1
+   * error.input.endColumn //=> 4
+   * ```
+   *
+   * PostCSS will use the input source map to detect the original location.
+   * If you need the position in the PostCSS input, use `error.input.endColumn`.
+   */
+  endColumn?: number
+
+  /**
+   * Source line of the error's end, exclusive. Provided if the error pertains
+   * to a range.
+   *
+   * ```js
+   * error.endLine       //=> 3
+   * error.input.endLine //=> 4
+   * ```
+   *
+   * PostCSS will use the input source map to detect the original location.
+   * If you need the position in the PostCSS input, use `error.input.endLine`.
+   */
+  endLine?: number
+
+  /**
+   * Absolute path to the broken file.
+   *
+   * ```js
+   * error.file       //=> 'a.sass'
+   * error.input.file //=> 'a.css'
+   * ```
+   *
+   * PostCSS will use the input source map to detect the original location.
+   * If you need the position in the PostCSS input, use `error.input.file`.
+   */
+  file?: string
+
+  /**
+   * Input object with PostCSS internal information
+   * about input file. If input has source map
+   * from previous tool, PostCSS will use origin
+   * (for example, Sass) source. You can use this
+   * object to get PostCSS input source.
+   *
+   * ```js
+   * error.input.file //=> 'a.css'
+   * error.file       //=> 'a.sass'
+   * ```
+   */
+  input?: FilePosition
+
+  /**
+   * Source line of the error.
+   *
+   * ```js
+   * error.line       //=> 2
+   * error.input.line //=> 4
+   * ```
+   *
+   * PostCSS will use the input source map to detect the original location.
+   * If you need the position in the PostCSS input, use `error.input.line`.
+   */
+  line?: number
+
+  /**
+   * Full error text in the GNU error format
+   * with plugin, file, line and column.
+   *
+   * ```js
+   * error.message //=> 'a.css:1:1: Unclosed block'
+   * ```
+   */
+  message: string
+
+  /**
+   * Always equal to `'CssSyntaxError'`. You should always check error type
+   * by `error.name === 'CssSyntaxError'`
+   * instead of `error instanceof CssSyntaxError`,
+   * because npm could have several PostCSS versions.
+   *
+   * ```js
+   * if (error.name === 'CssSyntaxError') {
+   *   error //=> CssSyntaxError
+   * }
+   * ```
+   */
+  name: 'CssSyntaxError'
+
+  /**
+   * Plugin name, if error came from plugin.
+   *
+   * ```js
+   * error.plugin //=> 'postcss-vars'
+   * ```
+   */
+  plugin?: string
+
+  /**
+   * Error message.
+   *
+   * ```js
+   * error.message //=> 'Unclosed block'
+   * ```
+   */
+  reason: string
+
+  /**
+   * Source code of the broken file.
+   *
+   * ```js
+   * error.source       //=> 'a { b {} }'
+   * error.input.source //=> 'a b { }'
+   * ```
+   */
+  source?: string
+
+  stack: string
+
+  /**
+   * Instantiates a CSS syntax error. Can be instantiated for a single position
+   * or for a range.
+   * @param message        Error message.
+   * @param lineOrStartPos If for a single position, the line number, or if for
+   *                       a range, the inclusive start position of the error.
+   * @param columnOrEndPos If for a single position, the column number, or if for
+   *                       a range, the exclusive end position of the error.
+   * @param source         Source code of the broken file.
+   * @param file           Absolute path to the broken file.
+   * @param plugin         PostCSS plugin name, if error came from plugin.
+   */
+  constructor(
+    message: string,
+    lineOrStartPos?: CssSyntaxError.RangePosition | number,
+    columnOrEndPos?: CssSyntaxError.RangePosition | number,
+    source?: string,
+    file?: string,
+    plugin?: string
+  )
+
+  /**
+   * Returns a few lines of CSS source that caused the error.
+   *
+   * If the CSS has an input source map without `sourceContent`,
+   * this method will return an empty string.
+   *
+   * ```js
+   * error.showSourceCode() //=> "  4 | }
+   *                        //      5 | a {
+   *                        //    > 6 |   bad
+   *                        //        |   ^
+   *                        //      7 | }
+   *                        //      8 | b {"
+   * ```
+   *
+   * @param color Whether arrow will be colored red by terminal
+   *              color codes. By default, PostCSS will detect
+   *              color support by `process.stdout.isTTY`
+   *              and `process.env.NODE_DISABLE_COLORS`.
+   * @return Few lines of CSS source that caused the error.
+   */
+  showSourceCode(color?: boolean): string
+
+  /**
+   * Returns error position, message and source code of the broken part.
+   *
+   * ```js
+   * error.toString() //=> "CssSyntaxError: app.css:1:1: Unclosed block
+   *                  //    > 1 | a {
+   *                  //        | ^"
+   * ```
+   *
+   * @return Error position, message and source code.
+   */
+  toString(): string
+}
+
+declare class CssSyntaxError extends CssSyntaxError_ {}
+
+export = CssSyntaxError
diff --git a/lib/css-syntax-error.js b/lib/css-syntax-error.js
index 216f340ca..275a4f64c 100644
--- a/lib/css-syntax-error.js
+++ b/lib/css-syntax-error.js
@@ -1,72 +1,133 @@
-import PreviousMap from './previous-map';
-
-import path from 'path';
-
-// Error while CSS parsing
-export default class CssSyntaxError extends SyntaxError {
-    constructor(message, line, column, source, file) {
-        this.reason = message;
-
-        this.message  = file ? file : '<css input>';
-        if ( typeof(line) != 'undefined' && typeof(column) != 'undefined' ) {
-            this.line   = line;
-            this.column = column;
-            this.message += ':' + line + ':' + column + ': ' + message;
-        } else {
-            this.message += ': ' + message;
-        }
+'use strict'
 
-        if ( file )   this.file   = file;
-        if ( source ) this.source = source;
+let pico = require('picocolors')
 
-        if ( Error.captureStackTrace ) {
-            Error.captureStackTrace(this, CssSyntaxError);
-        }
+let terminalHighlight = require('./terminal-highlight')
+
+class CssSyntaxError extends Error {
+  constructor(message, line, column, source, file, plugin) {
+    super(message)
+    this.name = 'CssSyntaxError'
+    this.reason = message
+
+    if (file) {
+      this.file = file
+    }
+    if (source) {
+      this.source = source
+    }
+    if (plugin) {
+      this.plugin = plugin
+    }
+    if (typeof line !== 'undefined' && typeof column !== 'undefined') {
+      if (typeof line === 'number') {
+        this.line = line
+        this.column = column
+      } else {
+        this.line = line.line
+        this.column = line.column
+        this.endLine = column.line
+        this.endColumn = column.column
+      }
     }
 
-    // Return source of broken lines
-    highlight(color) {
-        var num   = this.line - 1;
-        var lines = this.source.split('\n');
+    this.setMessage()
 
-        var prev   = num > 0 ? lines[num - 1] + '\n' : '';
-        var broken = lines[num];
-        var next   = num < lines.length - 1 ? '\n' + lines[num + 1] : '';
+    if (Error.captureStackTrace) {
+      Error.captureStackTrace(this, CssSyntaxError)
+    }
+  }
 
-        var mark = '\n';
-        for ( var i = 0; i < this.column - 1; i++ ) {
-            mark += ' ';
-        }
+  setMessage() {
+    this.message = this.plugin ? this.plugin + ': ' : ''
+    this.message += this.file ? this.file : '<css input>'
+    if (typeof this.line !== 'undefined') {
+      this.message += ':' + this.line + ':' + this.column
+    }
+    this.message += ': ' + this.reason
+  }
 
-        if ( typeof(color) == 'undefined' && typeof(process) != 'undefined' ) {
-            if ( process.stdout && process.env ) {
-                color = process.stdout.isTTY &&
-                       !process.env.NODE_DISABLE_COLORS;
-            }
-        }
+  showSourceCode(color) {
+    if (!this.source) return ''
 
-        if ( color ) {
-            mark += "\x1B[1;31m^\x1B[0m";
-        } else {
-            mark += '^';
-        }
+    let css = this.source
+    if (color == null) color = pico.isColorSupported
 
-        return prev + broken + mark + next;
+    let aside = text => text
+    let mark = text => text
+    let highlight = text => text
+    if (color) {
+      let { bold, gray, red } = pico.createColors(true)
+      mark = text => bold(red(text))
+      aside = text => gray(text)
+      if (terminalHighlight) {
+        highlight = text => terminalHighlight(text)
+      }
     }
 
-    setMozillaProps() {
-        var sample = Error.call(this, message);
-        if ( sample.columnNumber ) this.columnNumber = this.column;
-        if ( sample.description )  this.description  = this.message;
-        if ( sample.lineNumber )   this.lineNumber   = this.line;
-        if ( sample.fileName )     this.fileName     = this.file;
-    }
+    let lines = css.split(/\r?\n/)
+    let start = Math.max(this.line - 3, 0)
+    let end = Math.min(this.line + 2, lines.length)
+    let maxWidth = String(end).length
+
+    return lines
+      .slice(start, end)
+      .map((line, index) => {
+        let number = start + 1 + index
+        let gutter = ' ' + (' ' + number).slice(-maxWidth) + ' | '
+        if (number === this.line) {
+          if (line.length > 160) {
+            let padding = 20
+            let subLineStart = Math.max(0, this.column - padding)
+            let subLineEnd = Math.max(
+              this.column + padding,
+              this.endColumn + padding
+            )
+            let subLine = line.slice(subLineStart, subLineEnd)
+
+            let spacing =
+              aside(gutter.replace(/\d/g, ' ')) +
+              line
+                .slice(0, Math.min(this.column - 1, padding - 1))
+                .replace(/[^\t]/g, ' ')
+
+            return (
+              mark('>') +
+              aside(gutter) +
+              highlight(subLine) +
+              '\n ' +
+              spacing +
+              mark('^')
+            )
+          }
+
+          let spacing =
+            aside(gutter.replace(/\d/g, ' ')) +
+            line.slice(0, this.column - 1).replace(/[^\t]/g, ' ')
+
+          return (
+            mark('>') +
+            aside(gutter) +
+            highlight(line) +
+            '\n ' +
+            spacing +
+            mark('^')
+          )
+        }
+
+        return ' ' + aside(gutter) + highlight(line)
+      })
+      .join('\n')
+  }
 
-    toString() {
-        var text = this.message;
-        if ( this.source ) text += "\n" + this.highlight();
-        return this.name + ': ' + text;
+  toString() {
+    let code = this.showSourceCode()
+    if (code) {
+      code = '\n\n' + code + '\n'
     }
+    return this.name + ': ' + this.message + code
+  }
 }
 
-CssSyntaxError.prototype.name = 'CssSyntaxError';
+module.exports = CssSyntaxError
+CssSyntaxError.default = CssSyntaxError
diff --git a/lib/declaration.d.ts b/lib/declaration.d.ts
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..272875469
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/declaration.d.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,150 @@
+import { ContainerWithChildren } from './container.js'
+import Node from './node.js'
+
+declare namespace Declaration {
+  export interface DeclarationRaws extends Record<string, unknown> {
+    /**
+     * The space symbols before the node. It also stores `*`
+     * and `_` symbols before the declaration (IE hack).
+     */
+    before?: string
+
+    /**
+     * The symbols between the property and value for declarations.
+     */
+    between?: string
+
+    /**
+     * The content of the important statement, if it is not just `!important`.
+     */
+    important?: string
+
+    /**
+     * Declaration value with comments.
+     */
+    value?: {
+      raw: string
+      value: string
+    }
+  }
+
+  export interface DeclarationProps extends NodeProps {
+    /** Whether the declaration has an `!important` annotation. */
+    important?: boolean
+    /** Name of the declaration. */
+    prop: string
+    /** Information used to generate byte-to-byte equal node string as it was in the origin input. */
+    raws?: DeclarationRaws
+    /** Value of the declaration. */
+    value: string
+  }
+
+  export { Declaration_ as default }
+}
+
+/**
+ * It represents a class that handles
+ * [CSS declarations](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Syntax#css_declarations)
+ *
+ * ```js
+ * Once (root, { Declaration }) {
+ *   const color = new Declaration({ prop: 'color', value: 'black' })
+ *   root.append(color)
+ * }
+ * ```
+ *
+ * ```js
+ * const root = postcss.parse('a { color: black }')
+ * const decl = root.first?.first
+ *
+ * decl.type       //=> 'decl'
+ * decl.toString() //=> ' color: black'
+ * ```
+ */
+declare class Declaration_ extends Node {
+  parent: ContainerWithChildren | undefined
+  raws: Declaration.DeclarationRaws
+
+  type: 'decl'
+
+  /**
+   * It represents a specificity of the declaration.
+   *
+   * If true, the CSS declaration will have an
+   * [important](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/important)
+   * specifier.
+   *
+   * ```js
+   * const root = postcss.parse('a { color: black !important; color: red }')
+   *
+   * root.first.first.important //=> true
+   * root.first.last.important  //=> undefined
+   * ```
+   */
+  get important(): boolean
+  set important(value: boolean)
+
+  /**
+   * The property name for a CSS declaration.
+   *
+   * ```js
+   * const root = postcss.parse('a { color: black }')
+   * const decl = root.first.first
+   *
+   * decl.prop //=> 'color'
+   * ```
+   */
+  get prop(): string
+
+  set prop(value: string)
+
+  /**
+   * The property value for a CSS declaration.
+   *
+   * Any CSS comments inside the value string will be filtered out.
+   * CSS comments present in the source value will be available in
+   * the `raws` property.
+   *
+   * Assigning new `value` would ignore the comments in `raws`
+   * property while compiling node to string.
+   *
+   * ```js
+   * const root = postcss.parse('a { color: black }')
+   * const decl = root.first.first
+   *
+   * decl.value //=> 'black'
+   * ```
+   */
+  get value(): string
+  set value(value: string)
+
+  /**
+   * It represents a getter that returns `true` if a declaration starts with
+   * `--` or `$`, which are used to declare variables in CSS and SASS/SCSS.
+   *
+   * ```js
+   * const root = postcss.parse(':root { --one: 1 }')
+   * const one = root.first.first
+   *
+   * one.variable //=> true
+   * ```
+   *
+   * ```js
+   * const root = postcss.parse('$one: 1')
+   * const one = root.first
+   *
+   * one.variable //=> true
+   * ```
+   */
+  get variable(): boolean
+  constructor(defaults?: Declaration.DeclarationProps)
+
+  assign(overrides: Declaration.DeclarationProps | object): this
+  clone(overrides?: Partial<Declaration.DeclarationProps>): this
+  cloneAfter(overrides?: Partial<Declaration.DeclarationProps>): this
+  cloneBefore(overrides?: Partial<Declaration.DeclarationProps>): this
+}
+
+declare class Declaration extends Declaration_ {}
+
+export = Declaration
diff --git a/lib/declaration.js b/lib/declaration.js
index 254aaf1e7..65a03aa96 100644
--- a/lib/declaration.js
+++ b/lib/declaration.js
@@ -1,26 +1,24 @@
-import vendor from './vendor';
-import Node   from './node';
+'use strict'
 
-// CSS declaration like “color: black” in rules
-export default class Declaration extends Node {
-    constructor(defaults) {
-        this.type = 'decl';
-        super(defaults);
-    }
-
-    // Stringify declaration
-    stringify(builder, semicolon) {
-        var before = this.style('before');
-        if ( before ) builder(before);
+let Node = require('./node')
 
-        var between = this.style('between', 'colon');
-        var string  = this.prop + between + this.stringifyRaw('value');
+class Declaration extends Node {
+  get variable() {
+    return this.prop.startsWith('--') || this.prop[0] === '$'
+  }
 
-        if ( this.important ) {
-            string += this._important || ' !important';
-        }
-
-        if ( semicolon ) string += ';';
-        builder(string, this);
+  constructor(defaults) {
+    if (
+      defaults &&
+      typeof defaults.value !== 'undefined' &&
+      typeof defaults.value !== 'string'
+    ) {
+      defaults = { ...defaults, value: String(defaults.value) }
     }
+    super(defaults)
+    this.type = 'decl'
+  }
 }
+
+module.exports = Declaration
+Declaration.default = Declaration
diff --git a/lib/document.d.ts b/lib/document.d.ts
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..67194dd9c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/document.d.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,68 @@
+import Container, { ContainerProps } from './container.js'
+import { ProcessOptions } from './postcss.js'
+import Result from './result.js'
+import Root from './root.js'
+
+declare namespace Document {
+  export interface DocumentProps extends ContainerProps {
+    nodes?: readonly Root[]
+
+    /**
+     * Information to generate byte-to-byte equal node string as it was
+     * in the origin input.
+     *
+     * Every parser saves its own properties.
+     */
+    raws?: Record<string, any>
+  }
+
+  export { Document_ as default }
+}
+
+/**
+ * Represents a file and contains all its parsed nodes.
+ *
+ * **Experimental:** some aspects of this node could change within minor
+ * or patch version releases.
+ *
+ * ```js
+ * const document = htmlParser(
+ *   '<html><style>a{color:black}</style><style>b{z-index:2}</style>'
+ * )
+ * document.type         //=> 'document'
+ * document.nodes.length //=> 2
+ * ```
+ */
+declare class Document_ extends Container<Root> {
+  nodes: Root[]
+  parent: undefined
+  type: 'document'
+
+  constructor(defaults?: Document.DocumentProps)
+
+  assign(overrides: Document.DocumentProps | object): this
+  clone(overrides?: Partial<Document.DocumentProps>): this
+  cloneAfter(overrides?: Partial<Document.DocumentProps>): this
+  cloneBefore(overrides?: Partial<Document.DocumentProps>): this
+
+  /**
+   * Returns a `Result` instance representing the document’s CSS roots.
+   *
+   * ```js
+   * const root1 = postcss.parse(css1, { from: 'a.css' })
+   * const root2 = postcss.parse(css2, { from: 'b.css' })
+   * const document = postcss.document()
+   * document.append(root1)
+   * document.append(root2)
+   * const result = document.toResult({ to: 'all.css', map: true })
+   * ```
+   *
+   * @param opts Options.
+   * @return Result with current document’s CSS.
+   */
+  toResult(options?: ProcessOptions): Result
+}
+
+declare class Document extends Document_ {}
+
+export = Document
diff --git a/lib/document.js b/lib/document.js
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..44689917f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/document.js
@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+'use strict'
+
+let Container = require('./container')
+
+let LazyResult, Processor
+
+class Document extends Container {
+  constructor(defaults) {
+    // type needs to be passed to super, otherwise child roots won't be normalized correctly
+    super({ type: 'document', ...defaults })
+
+    if (!this.nodes) {
+      this.nodes = []
+    }
+  }
+
+  toResult(opts = {}) {
+    let lazy = new LazyResult(new Processor(), this, opts)
+
+    return lazy.stringify()
+  }
+}
+
+Document.registerLazyResult = dependant => {
+  LazyResult = dependant
+}
+
+Document.registerProcessor = dependant => {
+  Processor = dependant
+}
+
+module.exports = Document
+Document.default = Document
diff --git a/lib/fromJSON.d.ts b/lib/fromJSON.d.ts
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..3a0c5b85f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/fromJSON.d.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+import { JSONHydrator } from './postcss.js'
+
+interface FromJSON extends JSONHydrator {
+  default: FromJSON
+}
+
+declare let fromJSON: FromJSON
+
+export = fromJSON
diff --git a/lib/fromJSON.js b/lib/fromJSON.js
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..c1a9509b4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/fromJSON.js
@@ -0,0 +1,107 @@
+'use strict'
+
+let AtRule = require('./at-rule')
+let Comment = require('./comment')
+let Declaration = require('./declaration')
+let Input = require('./input')
+let PreviousMap = require('./previous-map')
+let Root = require('./root')
+let Rule = require('./rule')
+
+function hydrateInputs(json, inputs) {
+  if (!json.inputs) return inputs
+  return json.inputs.map(input => {
+    let inputHydrated = { ...input, __proto__: Input.prototype }
+    if (inputHydrated.map) {
+      inputHydrated.map = {
+        ...inputHydrated.map,
+        __proto__: PreviousMap.prototype
+      }
+    }
+    return inputHydrated
+  })
+}
+
+function constructNode(json, inputs, children) {
+  let defaults = { ...json }
+  delete defaults.inputs
+  delete defaults.nodes
+  if (defaults.source) {
+    let { inputId, ...source } = defaults.source
+    defaults.source = source
+    if (inputId != null) {
+      defaults.source.input = inputs[inputId]
+    }
+  }
+
+  let node
+  if (defaults.type === 'root') {
+    node = new Root(defaults)
+  } else if (defaults.type === 'decl') {
+    node = new Declaration(defaults)
+  } else if (defaults.type === 'rule') {
+    node = new Rule(defaults)
+  } else if (defaults.type === 'comment') {
+    node = new Comment(defaults)
+  } else if (defaults.type === 'atrule') {
+    node = new AtRule(defaults)
+  } else {
+    throw new Error('Unknown node type: ' + json.type)
+  }
+
+  // Rehydrated children are attached after construction. Passing them
+  // through the container constructor would re-run insertion spacing
+  // normalization and overwrite each child's own `raws.before`.
+  if (children) {
+    node.nodes = children
+    for (let child of children) child.parent = node
+  }
+
+  return node
+}
+
+function fromJSON(json, inputs) {
+  if (Array.isArray(json)) return json.map(n => fromJSON(n))
+
+  // An explicit stack instead of recursive calls to survive deeply
+  // nested trees. Children are rehydrated before their parent node
+  // is constructed.
+  let result
+  let stack = [
+    { childIndex: 0, children: [], inputs: hydrateInputs(json, inputs), json }
+  ]
+
+  while (stack.length > 0) {
+    let frame = stack[stack.length - 1]
+    let jsonNodes = frame.json.nodes
+
+    if (jsonNodes && frame.childIndex < jsonNodes.length) {
+      let childJson = jsonNodes[frame.childIndex]
+      frame.childIndex += 1
+      stack.push({
+        childIndex: 0,
+        children: [],
+        inputs: hydrateInputs(childJson, frame.inputs),
+        json: childJson
+      })
+      continue
+    }
+
+    stack.pop()
+    let node = constructNode(
+      frame.json,
+      frame.inputs,
+      jsonNodes ? frame.children : undefined
+    )
+    if (stack.length > 0) {
+      stack[stack.length - 1].children.push(node)
+    } else {
+      result = node
+    }
+  }
+
+  return result
+}
+
+module.exports = fromJSON
+fromJSON.default = fromJSON
diff --git a/lib/input.d.ts b/lib/input.d.ts
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..ca2d26bf8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/input.d.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,226 @@
+import { CssSyntaxError, ProcessOptions } from './postcss.js'
+import PreviousMap from './previous-map.js'
+
+declare namespace Input {
+  export interface FilePosition {
+    /**
+     * Column of inclusive start position in source file.
+     */
+    column: number
+
+    /**
+     * Column of exclusive end position in source file.
+     */
+    endColumn?: number
+
+    /**
+     * Line of exclusive end position in source file.
+     */
+    endLine?: number
+
+    /**
+     * Offset of exclusive end position in source file.
+     */
+    endOffset?: number
+
+    /**
+     * Absolute path to the source file.
+     */
+    file?: string
+
+    /**
+     * Line of inclusive start position in source file.
+     */
+    line: number
+
+    /**
+     * Offset of inclusive start position in source file.
+     */
+    offset: number
+
+    /**
+     * Source code.
+     */
+    source?: string
+
+    /**
+     * URL for the source file.
+     */
+    url: string
+  }
+
+  export { Input_ as default }
+}
+
+/**
+ * Represents the source CSS.
+ *
+ * ```js
+ * const root  = postcss.parse(css, { from: file })
+ * const input = root.source.input
+ * ```
+ */
+declare class Input_ {
+  /**
+   * Input CSS source.
+   *
+   * ```js
+   * const input = postcss.parse('a{}', { from: file }).input
+   * input.css //=> "a{}"
+   * ```
+   */
+  css: string
+
+  /**
+   * Input source with support for non-CSS documents.
+   *
+   * ```js
+   * const input = postcss.parse('a{}', { from: file, document: '<style>a {}</style>' }).input
+   * input.document //=> "<style>a {}</style>"
+   * input.css //=> "a{}"
+   * ```
+   */
+  document: string
+
+  /**
+   * The absolute path to the CSS source file defined
+   * with the `from` option.
+   *
+   * ```js
+   * const root = postcss.parse(css, { from: 'a.css' })
+   * root.source.input.file //=> '/home/ai/a.css'
+   * ```
+   */
+  file?: string
+
+  /**
+   * The flag to indicate whether or not the source code has Unicode BOM.
+   */
+  hasBOM: boolean
+
+  /**
+   * The unique ID of the CSS source. It will be created if `from` option
+   * is not provided (because PostCSS does not know the file path).
+   *
+   * ```js
+   * const root = postcss.parse(css)
+   * root.source.input.file //=> undefined
+   * root.source.input.id   //=> "<input css 8LZeVF>"
+   * ```
+   */
+  id?: string
+
+  /**
+   * The input source map passed from a compilation step before PostCSS
+   * (for example, from Sass compiler).
+   *
+   * ```js
+   * root.source.input.map.consumer().sources //=> ['a.sass']
+   * ```
+   */
+  map: PreviousMap
+
+  /**
+   * The CSS source identifier. Contains `Input#file` if the user
+   * set the `from` option, or `Input#id` if they did not.
+   *
+   * ```js
+   * const root = postcss.parse(css, { from: 'a.css' })
+   * root.source.input.from //=> "/home/ai/a.css"
+   *
+   * const root = postcss.parse(css)
+   * root.source.input.from //=> "<input css 1>"
+   * ```
+   */
+  get from(): string
+
+  /**
+   * @param css  Input CSS source.
+   * @param opts Process options.
+   */
+  constructor(css: string, opts?: ProcessOptions)
+
+  /**
+   * Returns `CssSyntaxError` with information about the error and its position.
+   */
+  error(
+    message: string,
+    start:
+      | {
+          column: number
+          line: number
+        }
+      | {
+          offset: number
+        },
+    end:
+      | {
+          column: number
+          line: number
+        }
+      | {
+          offset: number
+        },
+    opts?: { plugin?: CssSyntaxError['plugin'] }
+  ): CssSyntaxError
+  error(
+    message: string,
+    line: number,
+    column: number,
+    opts?: { plugin?: CssSyntaxError['plugin'] }
+  ): CssSyntaxError
+  error(
+    message: string,
+    offset: number,
+    opts?: { plugin?: CssSyntaxError['plugin'] }
+  ): CssSyntaxError
+
+  /**
+   * Converts source line and column to offset.
+   *
+   * @param line   Source line.
+   * @param column Source column.
+   * @return Source offset.
+   */
+  fromLineAndColumn(line: number, column: number): number
+
+  /**
+   * Converts source offset to line and column.
+   *
+   * @param offset Source offset.
+   */
+  fromOffset(offset: number): { col: number; line: number } | null
+
+  /**
+   * Reads the input source map and returns a symbol position
+   * in the input source (e.g., in a Sass file that was compiled
+   * to CSS before being passed to PostCSS). Optionally takes an
+   * end position, exclusive.
+   *
+   * ```js
+   * root.source.input.origin(1, 1) //=> { file: 'a.css', line: 3, column: 1 }
+   * root.source.input.origin(1, 1, 1, 4)
+   * //=> { file: 'a.css', line: 3, column: 1, endLine: 3, endColumn: 4 }
+   * ```
+   *
+   * @param line      Line for inclusive start position in input CSS.
+   * @param column    Column for inclusive start position in input CSS.
+   * @param endLine   Line for exclusive end position in input CSS.
+   * @param endColumn Column for exclusive end position in input CSS.
+   *
+   * @return Position in input source.
+   */
+  origin(
+    line: number,
+    column: number,
+    endLine?: number,
+    endColumn?: number
+  ): false | Input.FilePosition
+
+  /** Converts this to a JSON-friendly object representation. */
+  toJSON(): object
+}
+
+declare class Input extends Input_ {}
+
+export = Input
diff --git a/lib/input.js b/lib/input.js
index f1b9eae6c..defe395fc 100644
--- a/lib/input.js
+++ b/lib/input.js
@@ -1,85 +1,282 @@
-import CssSyntaxError from './css-syntax-error';
-import PreviousMap    from './previous-map';
-import Parser         from './parser';
+'use strict'
 
-import path from 'path';
+let { nanoid } = require('nanoid/non-secure')
+let { isAbsolute, resolve } = require('path')
+let { SourceMapConsumer, SourceMapGenerator } = require('source-map-js')
+let { fileURLToPath, pathToFileURL } = require('url')
 
-var sequence = 0;
+let CssSyntaxError = require('./css-syntax-error')
+let PreviousMap = require('./previous-map')
+let terminalHighlight = require('./terminal-highlight')
 
-export default class Input {
-    constructor(css, opts = { }) {
-        this.css = css.toString();
+let lineToIndexCache = Symbol('lineToIndexCache')
 
-        if ( this.css[0] == '\uFEFF' || this.css[0] == '\uFFFE' ) {
-            this.css = this.css.slice(1);
-        }
+let sourceMapAvailable = Boolean(SourceMapConsumer && SourceMapGenerator)
+let pathAvailable = Boolean(resolve && isAbsolute)
 
-        this.safe = !!opts.safe;
+function getLineToIndex(input) {
+  if (input[lineToIndexCache]) return input[lineToIndexCache]
+  let lines = input.css.split('\n')
+  let lineToIndex = new Array(lines.length)
+  let prevIndex = 0
 
-        if ( opts.from ) this.file = path.resolve(opts.from);
+  for (let i = 0, l = lines.length; i < l; i++) {
+    lineToIndex[i] = prevIndex
+    prevIndex += lines[i].length + 1
+  }
 
-        var map = new PreviousMap(this.css, opts, this.id);
-        if ( map.text ) {
-            this.map = map;
-            var file = map.consumer().file;
-            if ( !this.file && file ) this.file = this.mapResolve(file);
-        }
+  input[lineToIndexCache] = lineToIndex
+  return lineToIndex
+}
 
-        if ( this.file ) {
-            this.from = this.file;
-        } else {
-            sequence += 1;
-            this.id   = '<input css ' + sequence + '>';
-            this.from = this.id;
-        }
-        if ( this.map ) this.map.file = this.from;
+class Input {
+  get from() {
+    return this.file || this.id
+  }
+
+  constructor(css, opts = {}) {
+    if (
+      css === null ||
+      typeof css === 'undefined' ||
+      (typeof css === 'object' && !css.toString)
+    ) {
+      throw new Error(`PostCSS received ${css} instead of CSS string`)
+    }
+
+    this.css = css.toString()
+
+    if (this.css[0] === '\uFEFF' || this.css[0] === '\uFFFE') {
+      this.hasBOM = true
+      this.css = this.css.slice(1)
+    } else {
+      this.hasBOM = false
+    }
+
+    this.document = this.css
+    if (opts.document) this.document = opts.document.toString()
+
+    if (opts.from) {
+      if (
+        !pathAvailable ||
+        /^\w+:\/\//.test(opts.from) ||
+        isAbsolute(opts.from)
+      ) {
+        this.file = opts.from
+      } else {
+        this.file = resolve(opts.from)
+      }
+    }
+
+    if (pathAvailable && sourceMapAvailable) {
+      let map = new PreviousMap(this.css, opts)
+      if (map.text) {
+        this.map = map
+        let file = map.consumer().file
+        if (!this.file && file) this.file = this.mapResolve(file)
+      }
+    }
+
+    if (!this.file) {
+      this.id = '<input css ' + nanoid(6) + '>'
+    }
+    if (this.map) this.map.file = this.from
+  }
+
+  error(message, line, column, opts = {}) {
+    let endColumn, endLine, endOffset, offset, result
+
+    if (line && typeof line === 'object') {
+      let start = line
+      let end = column
+      if (typeof start.offset === 'number') {
+        offset = start.offset
+        let pos = this.fromOffset(offset)
+        line = pos.line
+        column = pos.col
+      } else {
+        line = start.line
+        column = start.column
+        offset = this.fromLineAndColumn(line, column)
+      }
+      if (typeof end.offset === 'number') {
+        endOffset = end.offset
+        let pos = this.fromOffset(endOffset)
+        endLine = pos.line
+        endColumn = pos.col
+      } else {
+        endLine = end.line
+        endColumn = end.column
+        endOffset = this.fromLineAndColumn(end.line, end.column)
+      }
+    } else if (!column) {
+      offset = line
+      let pos = this.fromOffset(offset)
+      line = pos.line
+      column = pos.col
+    } else {
+      offset = this.fromLineAndColumn(line, column)
     }
 
-    // Throw syntax error from this input
-    error(message, line, column) {
-        var error = new CssSyntaxError(message);
+    let origin = this.origin(line, column, endLine, endColumn)
+    if (origin) {
+      result = new CssSyntaxError(
+        message,
+        origin.endLine === undefined
+          ? origin.line
+          : { column: origin.column, line: origin.line },
+        origin.endLine === undefined
+          ? origin.column
+          : { column: origin.endColumn, line: origin.endLine },
+        origin.source,
+        origin.file,
+        opts.plugin
+      )
+    } else {
+      result = new CssSyntaxError(
+        message,
+        endLine === undefined ? line : { column, line },
+        endLine === undefined ? column : { column: endColumn, line: endLine },
+        this.css,
+        this.file,
+        opts.plugin
+      )
+    }
+
+    result.input = {
+      column,
+      endColumn,
+      endLine,
+      endOffset,
+      line,
+      offset,
+      source: this.css
+    }
+    if (this.file) {
+      if (pathToFileURL) {
+        result.input.url = pathToFileURL(this.file).toString()
+      }
+      result.input.file = this.file
+    }
+
+    return result
+  }
 
-        var origin = this.origin(line, column);
-        if ( origin ) {
-            error = new CssSyntaxError(message, origin.line, origin.column,
-                origin.source, origin.file);
+  fromLineAndColumn(line, column) {
+    let lineToIndex = getLineToIndex(this)
+    let index = lineToIndex[line - 1]
+    return index + column - 1
+  }
 
-            error.generated = {
-                line:   line,
-                column: column,
-                source: this.css
-            };
-            if ( this.file ) error.generated.file = this.file;
+  fromOffset(offset) {
+    let lineToIndex = getLineToIndex(this)
+    let lastLine = lineToIndex[lineToIndex.length - 1]
+
+    let min = 0
+    if (offset >= lastLine) {
+      min = lineToIndex.length - 1
+    } else {
+      let max = lineToIndex.length - 2
+      let mid
+      while (min < max) {
+        mid = min + ((max - min) >> 1)
+        if (offset < lineToIndex[mid]) {
+          max = mid - 1
+        } else if (offset >= lineToIndex[mid + 1]) {
+          min = mid + 1
         } else {
-            error = new CssSyntaxError(message, line, column,
-                this.css, this.file);
+          min = mid
+          break
         }
+      }
+    }
+    return {
+      col: offset - lineToIndex[min] + 1,
+      line: min + 1
+    }
+  }
 
-        return error;
+  mapResolve(file) {
+    if (/^\w+:\/\//.test(file)) {
+      return file
     }
+    return resolve(this.map.consumer().sourceRoot || this.map.root || '.', file)
+  }
 
-    // Get origin position of code if source map was given
-    origin(line, column) {
-        if ( !this.map ) return false;
-        var consumer = this.map.consumer();
+  origin(line, column, endLine, endColumn) {
+    if (!this.map) return false
+    let consumer = this.map.consumer()
 
-        var from = consumer.originalPositionFor({ line, column });
-        if ( !from.source ) return false;
+    let from = consumer.originalPositionFor({ column: column - 1, line })
+    if (!from.source) return false
 
-        var result = {
-            file:   this.mapResolve(from.source),
-            line:   from.line,
-            column: from.column
-        };
+    let to
+    if (typeof endLine === 'number') {
+      let toPosition = consumer.originalPositionFor({
+        column: endColumn - 1,
+        line: endLine
+      })
+      // The source map may not have a mapping that covers the end position
+      // (`originalPositionFor()` then returns `null` for `line`/`column`
+      // instead of omitting them). Treat that the same as not requesting
+      // an end position at all, so `endLine`/`endColumn` stay a consistent
+      // `undefined` pair instead of a mix of `null` and a bogus number.
+      if (toPosition.source) to = toPosition
+    }
 
-        var source = consumer.sourceContentFor(result.file);
-        if ( source ) result.source = source;
+    let fromUrl
 
-        return result;
+    if (isAbsolute(from.source)) {
+      fromUrl = pathToFileURL(from.source)
+    } else {
+      fromUrl = new URL(
+        from.source,
+        this.map.consumer().sourceRoot || pathToFileURL(this.map.mapFile)
+      )
     }
 
-    // Return path relative from source map root
-    mapResolve(file) {
-        return path.resolve(this.map.consumer().sourceRoot || '.', file);
+    let result = {
+      column: from.column + 1,
+      endColumn: to && to.column + 1,
+      endLine: to && to.line,
+      line: from.line,
+      url: fromUrl.toString()
     }
+
+    if (fromUrl.protocol === 'file:') {
+      if (fileURLToPath) {
+        result.file = fileURLToPath(fromUrl)
+      } else {
+        /* c8 ignore next 2 */
+        throw new Error(`file: protocol is not available in this PostCSS build`)
+      }
+    }
+
+    let source = consumer.sourceContentFor(from.source)
+    if (source) result.source = source
+
+    return result
+  }
+
+  toJSON() {
+    let json = {}
+    for (let name of ['hasBOM', 'css', 'file', 'id']) {
+      if (this[name] != null) {
+        json[name] = this[name]
+      }
+    }
+    if (this.map) {
+      json.map = { ...this.map }
+      if (json.map.consumerCache) {
+        json.map.consumerCache = undefined
+      }
+    }
+    return json
+  }
+}
+
+module.exports = Input
+Input.default = Input
+
+if (terminalHighlight && terminalHighlight.registerInput) {
+  terminalHighlight.registerInput(Input)
 }
diff --git a/lib/lazy-result.d.ts b/lib/lazy-result.d.ts
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..599a614bf
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/lazy-result.d.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,189 @@
+import Document from './document.js'
+import { SourceMap } from './postcss.js'
+import Processor from './processor.js'
+import Result, { Message, ResultOptions } from './result.js'
+import Root from './root.js'
+import Warning from './warning.js'
+
+declare namespace LazyResult {
+  export { LazyResult_ as default }
+}
+
+/**
+ * A Promise proxy for the result of PostCSS transformations.
+ *
+ * A `LazyResult` instance is returned by `Processor#process`.
+ *
+ * ```js
+ * const lazy = postcss([autoprefixer]).process(css)
+ * ```
+ */
+declare class LazyResult_<RootNode = Document | Root> implements PromiseLike<
+  Result<RootNode>
+> {
+  /**
+   * Processes input CSS through synchronous and asynchronous plugins
+   * and calls onRejected for each error thrown in any plugin.
+   *
+   * It implements standard Promise API.
+   *
+   * ```js
+   * postcss([autoprefixer]).process(css).then(result => {
+   *   console.log(result.css)
+   * }).catch(error => {
+   *   console.error(error)
+   * })
+   * ```
+   */
+  catch: Promise<Result<RootNode>>['catch']
+
+  /**
+   * Processes input CSS through synchronous and asynchronous plugins
+   * and calls onFinally on any error or when all plugins will finish work.
+   *
+   * It implements standard Promise API.
+   *
+   * ```js
+   * postcss([autoprefixer]).process(css).finally(() => {
+   *   console.log('processing ended')
+   * })
+   * ```
+   */
+  finally: Promise<Result<RootNode>>['finally']
+
+  /**
+   * Processes input CSS through synchronous and asynchronous plugins
+   * and calls `onFulfilled` with a Result instance. If a plugin throws
+   * an error, the `onRejected` callback will be executed.
+   *
+   * It implements standard Promise API.
+   *
+   * ```js
+   * postcss([autoprefixer]).process(css, { from: cssPath }).then(result => {
+   *   console.log(result.css)
+   * })
+   * ```
+   */
+  then: Promise<Result<RootNode>>['then']
+
+  /**
+   * An alias for the `css` property. Use it with syntaxes
+   * that generate non-CSS output.
+   *
+   * This property will only work with synchronous plugins.
+   * If the processor contains any asynchronous plugins
+   * it will throw an error.
+   *
+   * PostCSS runners should always use `LazyResult#then`.
+   */
+  get content(): string
+
+  /**
+   * Processes input CSS through synchronous plugins, converts `Root`
+   * to a CSS string and returns `Result#css`.
+   *
+   * This property will only work with synchronous plugins.
+   * If the processor contains any asynchronous plugins
+   * it will throw an error.
+   *
+   * PostCSS runners should always use `LazyResult#then`.
+   */
+  get css(): string
+
+  /**
+   * Processes input CSS through synchronous plugins
+   * and returns `Result#map`.
+   *
+   * This property will only work with synchronous plugins.
+   * If the processor contains any asynchronous plugins
+   * it will throw an error.
+   *
+   * PostCSS runners should always use `LazyResult#then`.
+   */
+  get map(): SourceMap
+
+  /**
+   * Processes input CSS through synchronous plugins
+   * and returns `Result#messages`.
+   *
+   * This property will only work with synchronous plugins. If the processor
+   * contains any asynchronous plugins it will throw an error.
+   *
+   * PostCSS runners should always use `LazyResult#then`.
+   */
+  get messages(): Message[]
+
+  /**
+   * Options from the `Processor#process` call.
+   */
+  get opts(): ResultOptions
+
+  /**
+   * Returns a `Processor` instance, which will be used
+   * for CSS transformations.
+   */
+  get processor(): Processor
+
+  /**
+   * Processes input CSS through synchronous plugins
+   * and returns `Result#root`.
+   *
+   * This property will only work with synchronous plugins. If the processor
+   * contains any asynchronous plugins it will throw an error.
+   *
+   * PostCSS runners should always use `LazyResult#then`.
+   */
+  get root(): RootNode
+
+  /**
+   * Returns the default string description of an object.
+   * Required to implement the Promise interface.
+   */
+  get [Symbol.toStringTag](): string
+
+  /**
+   * @param processor Processor used for this transformation.
+   * @param css       CSS to parse and transform.
+   * @param opts      Options from the `Processor#process` or `Root#toResult`.
+   */
+  constructor(processor: Processor, css: string, opts: ResultOptions)
+
+  /**
+   * Run plugin in async way and return `Result`.
+   *
+   * @return Result with output content.
+   */
+  async(): Promise<Result<RootNode>>
+
+  /**
+   * Run plugin in sync way and return `Result`.
+   *
+   * @return Result with output content.
+   */
+  sync(): Result<RootNode>
+
+  /**
+   * Alias for the `LazyResult#css` property.
+   *
+   * ```js
+   * lazy + '' === lazy.css
+   * ```
+   *
+   * @return Output CSS.
+   */
+  toString(): string
+
+  /**
+   * Processes input CSS through synchronous plugins
+   * and calls `Result#warnings`.
+   *
+   * @return Warnings from plugins.
+   */
+  warnings(): Warning[]
+}
+
+declare class LazyResult<
+  RootNode = Document | Root
+> extends LazyResult_<RootNode> {}
+
+export = LazyResult
diff --git a/lib/lazy-result.js b/lib/lazy-result.js
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..be695b299
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/lazy-result.js
@@ -0,0 +1,626 @@
+'use strict'
+
+let Container = require('./container')
+let Document = require('./document')
+let MapGenerator = require('./map-generator')
+let parse = require('./parse')
+let Result = require('./result')
+let Root = require('./root')
+let stringify = require('./stringify')
+let { isClean, my } = require('./symbols')
+let warnOnce = require('./warn-once')
+
+const TYPE_TO_CLASS_NAME = {
+  atrule: 'AtRule',
+  comment: 'Comment',
+  decl: 'Declaration',
+  document: 'Document',
+  root: 'Root',
+  rule: 'Rule'
+}
+
+const PLUGIN_PROPS = {
+  AtRule: true,
+  AtRuleExit: true,
+  Comment: true,
+  CommentExit: true,
+  Declaration: true,
+  DeclarationExit: true,
+  Document: true,
+  DocumentExit: true,
+  Once: true,
+  OnceExit: true,
+  postcssPlugin: true,
+  prepare: true,
+  Root: true,
+  RootExit: true,
+  Rule: true,
+  RuleExit: true
+}
+
+const NOT_VISITORS = {
+  Once: true,
+  postcssPlugin: true,
+  prepare: true
+}
+
+const CHILDREN = 0
+
+function isPromise(obj) {
+  return typeof obj === 'object' && typeof obj.then === 'function'
+}
+
+function getEvents(node) {
+  let key = false
+  let type = TYPE_TO_CLASS_NAME[node.type]
+  if (node.type === 'decl') {
+    key = node.prop.toLowerCase()
+  } else if (node.type === 'atrule') {
+    key = node.name.toLowerCase()
+  }
+
+  if (key && node.append) {
+    return [
+      type,
+      type + '-' + key,
+      CHILDREN,
+      type + 'Exit',
+      type + 'Exit-' + key
+    ]
+  } else if (key) {
+    return [type, type + '-' + key, type + 'Exit', type + 'Exit-' + key]
+  } else if (node.append) {
+    return [type, CHILDREN, type + 'Exit']
+  } else {
+    return [type, type + 'Exit']
+  }
+}
+
+function toStack(node) {
+  let events
+  if (node.type === 'document') {
+    events = ['Document', CHILDREN, 'DocumentExit']
+  } else if (node.type === 'root') {
+    events = ['Root', CHILDREN, 'RootExit']
+  } else {
+    events = getEvents(node)
+  }
+
+  return {
+    eventIndex: 0,
+    events,
+    iterator: 0,
+    node,
+    visitorIndex: 0,
+    visitors: []
+  }
+}
+
+function cleanMarks(node) {
+  let stack = [node]
+  while (stack.length > 0) {
+    let next = stack.pop()
+    next[isClean] = false
+    if (next.nodes) {
+      for (let i of next.nodes) stack.push(i)
+    }
+  }
+  return node
+}
+
+let postcss = {}
+
+class LazyResult {
+  get content() {
+    return this.stringify().content
+  }
+
+  get css() {
+    return this.stringify().css
+  }
+
+  get map() {
+    return this.stringify().map
+  }
+
+  get messages() {
+    return this.sync().messages
+  }
+
+  get opts() {
+    return this.result.opts
+  }
+
+  get processor() {
+    return this.result.processor
+  }
+
+  get root() {
+    return this.sync().root
+  }
+
+  get [Symbol.toStringTag]() {
+    return 'LazyResult'
+  }
+
+  constructor(processor, css, opts) {
+    this.stringified = false
+    this.processed = false
+
+    let root
+    if (
+      typeof css === 'object' &&
+      css !== null &&
+      (css.type === 'root' || css.type === 'document')
+    ) {
+      root = cleanMarks(css)
+    } else if (css instanceof LazyResult || css instanceof Result) {
+      root = cleanMarks(css.root)
+      if (css.map) {
+        if (typeof opts.map === 'undefined') opts.map = {}
+        if (!opts.map.inline) opts.map.inline = false
+        opts.map.prev = css.map
+      }
+    } else {
+      let parser = parse
+      if (opts.syntax) parser = opts.syntax.parse
+      if (opts.parser) parser = opts.parser
+      if (parser.parse) parser = parser.parse
+
+      try {
+        root = parser(css, opts)
+      } catch (error) {
+        this.processed = true
+        this.error = error
+      }
+
+      if (root && !root[my]) {
+        /* c8 ignore next 2 */
+        Container.rebuild(root)
+      }
+    }
+
+    this.result = new Result(processor, root, opts)
+    this.helpers = { ...postcss, postcss, result: this.result }
+    this.plugins = this.processor.plugins.map(plugin => {
+      if (typeof plugin === 'object' && plugin.prepare) {
+        return { ...plugin, ...plugin.prepare(this.result) }
+      } else {
+        return plugin
+      }
+    })
+  }
+
+  async() {
+    if (this.error) return Promise.reject(this.error)
+    if (this.processed) return Promise.resolve(this.result)
+    if (!this.processing) {
+      this.processing = this.runAsync()
+    }
+    return this.processing
+  }
+
+  catch(onRejected) {
+    return this.async().catch(onRejected)
+  }
+
+  finally(onFinally) {
+    return this.async().then(onFinally, onFinally)
+  }
+
+  getAsyncError() {
+    throw new Error('Use process(css).then(cb) to work with async plugins')
+  }
+
+  handleError(error, node) {
+    let plugin = this.result.lastPlugin
+    try {
+      if (node) node.addToError(error)
+      this.error = error
+      if (error.name === 'CssSyntaxError' && !error.plugin) {
+        error.plugin = plugin.postcssPlugin
+        error.setMessage()
+      } else if (plugin.postcssVersion) {
+        if (process.env.NODE_ENV !== 'production') {
+          let pluginName = plugin.postcssPlugin
+          let pluginVer = plugin.postcssVersion
+          let runtimeVer = this.result.processor.version
+          let a = pluginVer.split('.')
+          let b = runtimeVer.split('.')
+
+          if (a[0] !== b[0] || parseInt(a[1]) > parseInt(b[1])) {
+            // eslint-disable-next-line no-console
+            console.error(
+              'Unknown error from PostCSS plugin. Your current PostCSS ' +
+                'version is ' +
+                runtimeVer +
+                ', but ' +
+                pluginName +
+                ' uses ' +
+                pluginVer +
+                '. Perhaps this is the source of the error below.'
+            )
+          }
+        }
+      }
+    } catch (err) {
+      /* c8 ignore next 3 */
+      // eslint-disable-next-line no-console
+      if (console && console.error) console.error(err)
+    }
+    return error
+  }
+
+  prepareVisitors() {
+    this.listeners = {}
+    let add = (plugin, type, cb) => {
+      if (!this.listeners[type]) this.listeners[type] = []
+      this.listeners[type].push([plugin, cb])
+    }
+    for (let plugin of this.plugins) {
+      if (typeof plugin === 'object') {
+        for (let event in plugin) {
+          if (!PLUGIN_PROPS[event] && /^[A-Z]/.test(event)) {
+            throw new Error(
+              `Unknown event ${event} in ${plugin.postcssPlugin}. ` +
+                `Try to update PostCSS (${this.processor.version} now).`
+            )
+          }
+          if (!NOT_VISITORS[event]) {
+            if (typeof plugin[event] === 'object') {
+              for (let filter in plugin[event]) {
+                if (filter === '*') {
+                  add(plugin, event, plugin[event][filter])
+                } else {
+                  add(
+                    plugin,
+                    event + '-' + filter.toLowerCase(),
+                    plugin[event][filter]
+                  )
+                }
+              }
+            } else if (typeof plugin[event] === 'function') {
+              add(plugin, event, plugin[event])
+            }
+          }
+        }
+      }
+    }
+    this.hasListener = Object.keys(this.listeners).length > 0
+  }
+
+  async runAsync() {
+    this.plugin = 0
+    for (let i = 0; i < this.plugins.length; i++) {
+      let plugin = this.plugins[i]
+      let promise = this.runOnRoot(plugin)
+      if (isPromise(promise)) {
+        try {
+          await promise
+        } catch (error) {
+          throw this.handleError(error)
+        }
+      }
+    }
+
+    this.prepareVisitors()
+    if (this.hasListener) {
+      let root = this.result.root
+      while (!root[isClean]) {
+        root[isClean] = true
+        let stack = [toStack(root)]
+        while (stack.length > 0) {
+          let promise = this.visitTick(stack)
+          if (isPromise(promise)) {
+            try {
+              await promise
+            } catch (e) {
+              let node = stack[stack.length - 1].node
+              throw this.handleError(e, node)
+            }
+          }
+        }
+      }
+
+      if (this.listeners.OnceExit) {
+        for (let [plugin, visitor] of this.listeners.OnceExit) {
+          this.result.lastPlugin = plugin
+          try {
+            if (root.type === 'document') {
+              let roots = root.nodes.map(subRoot =>
+                visitor(subRoot, this.helpers)
+              )
+
+              await Promise.all(roots)
+            } else {
+              await visitor(root, this.helpers)
+            }
+          } catch (e) {
+            throw this.handleError(e)
+          }
+        }
+      }
+    }
+
+    this.processed = true
+    return this.stringify()
+  }
+
+  runOnRoot(plugin) {
+    this.result.lastPlugin = plugin
+    try {
+      if (typeof plugin === 'object' && plugin.Once) {
+        if (this.result.root.type === 'document') {
+          let roots = this.result.root.nodes.map(root =>
+            plugin.Once(root, this.helpers)
+          )
+
+          if (isPromise(roots[0])) {
+            return Promise.all(roots)
+          }
+
+          return roots
+        }
+
+        return plugin.Once(this.result.root, this.helpers)
+      } else if (typeof plugin === 'function') {
+        return plugin(this.result.root, this.result)
+      }
+    } catch (error) {
+      throw this.handleError(error)
+    }
+  }
+
+  stringify() {
+    if (this.error) throw this.error
+    if (this.stringified) return this.result
+    this.stringified = true
+
+    this.sync()
+
+    let opts = this.result.opts
+    let str = stringify
+    if (opts.syntax) str = opts.syntax.stringify
+    if (opts.stringifier) str = opts.stringifier
+    if (str.stringify) str = str.stringify
+
+    let rootSource = this.result.root.source
+    if (
+      opts.map === undefined &&
+      !(rootSource && rootSource.input && rootSource.input.map)
+    ) {
+      let result = ''
+      str(this.result.root, i => {
+        result += i
+      })
+      this.result.css = result
+      return this.result
+    }
+
+    let map = new MapGenerator(str, this.result.root, this.result.opts)
+    let data = map.generate()
+    this.result.css = data[0]
+    this.result.map = data[1]
+
+    return this.result
+  }
+
+  sync() {
+    if (this.error) throw this.error
+    if (this.processed) return this.result
+    this.processed = true
+
+    if (this.processing) {
+      throw this.getAsyncError()
+    }
+
+    for (let plugin of this.plugins) {
+      let promise = this.runOnRoot(plugin)
+      if (isPromise(promise)) {
+        throw this.getAsyncError()
+      }
+    }
+
+    this.prepareVisitors()
+    if (this.hasListener) {
+      let root = this.result.root
+      while (!root[isClean]) {
+        root[isClean] = true
+        this.walkSync(root)
+      }
+      if (this.listeners.OnceExit) {
+        if (root.type === 'document') {
+          for (let subRoot of root.nodes) {
+            this.visitSync(this.listeners.OnceExit, subRoot)
+          }
+        } else {
+          this.visitSync(this.listeners.OnceExit, root)
+        }
+      }
+    }
+
+    return this.result
+  }
+
+  then(onFulfilled, onRejected) {
+    if (process.env.NODE_ENV !== 'production') {
+      if (!('from' in this.opts)) {
+        warnOnce(
+          'Without `from` option PostCSS could generate wrong source map ' +
+            'and will not find Browserslist config. Set it to CSS file path ' +
+            'or to `undefined` to prevent this warning.'
+        )
+      }
+    }
+    return this.async().then(onFulfilled, onRejected)
+  }
+
+  toString() {
+    return this.css
+  }
+
+  visitSync(visitors, node) {
+    for (let [plugin, visitor] of visitors) {
+      this.result.lastPlugin = plugin
+      let promise
+      try {
+        promise = visitor(node, this.helpers)
+      } catch (e) {
+        throw this.handleError(e, node.proxyOf)
+      }
+      if (node.type !== 'root' && node.type !== 'document' && !node.parent) {
+        return true
+      }
+      if (isPromise(promise)) {
+        throw this.getAsyncError()
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  visitTick(stack) {
+    let visit = stack[stack.length - 1]
+    let { node, visitors } = visit
+
+    if (node.type !== 'root' && node.type !== 'document' && !node.parent) {
+      stack.pop()
+      return
+    }
+
+    if (visitors.length > 0 && visit.visitorIndex < visitors.length) {
+      let [plugin, visitor] = visitors[visit.visitorIndex]
+      visit.visitorIndex += 1
+      if (visit.visitorIndex === visitors.length) {
+        visit.visitors = []
+        visit.visitorIndex = 0
+      }
+      this.result.lastPlugin = plugin
+      try {
+        return visitor(node.toProxy(), this.helpers)
+      } catch (e) {
+        throw this.handleError(e, node)
+      }
+    }
+
+    if (visit.iterator !== 0) {
+      let iterator = visit.iterator
+      // Advance past the child we just finished visiting. Like
+      // `Container#each`, the index is incremented only after a child has
+      // been fully processed, so a node inserted right after the current
+      // child is not skipped by the `existIndex < index` adjustment in
+      // `Container#insertAfter()` (which would fire exit events too early).
+      if (visit.descending) {
+        visit.descending = false
+        node.indexes[iterator] += 1
+      }
+      let child
+      while ((child = node.nodes[node.indexes[iterator]])) {
+        if (!child[isClean]) {
+          child[isClean] = true
+          visit.descending = true
+          stack.push(toStack(child))
+          return
+        }
+        node.indexes[iterator] += 1
+      }
+      visit.iterator = 0
+      delete node.indexes[iterator]
+    }
+
+    let events = visit.events
+    while (visit.eventIndex < events.length) {
+      let event = events[visit.eventIndex]
+      visit.eventIndex += 1
+      if (event === CHILDREN) {
+        if (node.nodes && node.nodes.length) {
+          node[isClean] = true
+          visit.iterator = node.getIterator()
+        }
+        return
+      } else if (this.listeners[event]) {
+        visit.visitors = this.listeners[event]
+        return
+      }
+    }
+    stack.pop()
+  }
+
+  walkSync(node) {
+    // An explicit stack like in async `visitTick()` to survive deeply
+    // nested trees. Unlike `visitTick()`, nodes are marked clean only
+    // on entering, so a node dirtied by its own visitors is revisited
+    // on the next pass.
+    node[isClean] = true
+    let stack = [{ eventIndex: 0, events: getEvents(node), iterator: 0, node }]
+
+    while (stack.length > 0) {
+      let visit = stack[stack.length - 1]
+      let visitNode = visit.node
+
+      if (visit.iterator !== 0) {
+        let iterator = visit.iterator
+        // Advance past the child we just finished visiting. Like
+        // `Container#each`, the index is incremented only after a child has
+        // been fully processed. Incrementing before (as this loop used to)
+        // makes a node inserted right after the current child get skipped by
+        // the `existIndex < index` adjustment in `Container#insertAfter()`,
+        // which fires exit events before those new siblings are visited.
+        if (visit.descending) {
+          visit.descending = false
+          visitNode.indexes[iterator] += 1
+        }
+        let child
+        let descended = false
+        while ((child = visitNode.nodes[visitNode.indexes[iterator]])) {
+          if (!child[isClean]) {
+            child[isClean] = true
+            visit.descending = true
+            stack.push({
+              eventIndex: 0,
+              events: getEvents(child),
+              iterator: 0,
+              node: child
+            })
+            descended = true
+            break
+          }
+          visitNode.indexes[iterator] += 1
+        }
+        if (descended) continue
+        visit.iterator = 0
+        delete visitNode.indexes[iterator]
+      }
+
+      if (visit.eventIndex < visit.events.length) {
+        let event = visit.events[visit.eventIndex]
+        visit.eventIndex += 1
+        if (event === CHILDREN) {
+          if (visitNode.nodes && visitNode.nodes.length) {
+            visit.iterator = visitNode.getIterator()
+          }
+        } else {
+          let visitors = this.listeners[event]
+          if (visitors) {
+            if (this.visitSync(visitors, visitNode.toProxy())) stack.pop()
+          }
+        }
+        continue
+      }
+
+      stack.pop()
+    }
+  }
+
+  warnings() {
+    return this.sync().warnings()
+  }
+}
+
+LazyResult.registerPostcss = dependant => {
+  postcss = dependant
+}
+
+module.exports = LazyResult
+LazyResult.default = LazyResult
+
+Root.registerLazyResult(LazyResult)
+Document.registerLazyResult(LazyResult)
diff --git a/lib/list.d.ts b/lib/list.d.ts
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..119624e87
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/list.d.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,60 @@
+declare namespace list {
+  type List = {
+    /**
+     * Safely splits comma-separated values (such as those for `transition-*`
+     * and `background` properties).
+     *
+     * ```js
+     * Once (root, { list }) {
+     *   list.comma('black, linear-gradient(white, black)')
+     *   //=> ['black', 'linear-gradient(white, black)']
+     * }
+     * ```
+     *
+     * @param str Comma-separated values.
+     * @return Split values.
+     */
+    comma(str: string): string[]
+
+    default: List
+
+    /**
+     * Safely splits space-separated values (such as those for `background`,
+     * `border-radius`, and other shorthand properties).
+     *
+     * ```js
+     * Once (root, { list }) {
+     *   list.space('1px calc(10% + 1px)') //=> ['1px', 'calc(10% + 1px)']
+     * }
+     * ```
+     *
+     * @param str Space-separated values.
+     * @return Split values.
+     */
+    space(str: string): string[]
+
+    /**
+     * Safely splits values.
+     *
+     * ```js
+     * Once (root, { list }) {
+     *   list.split('1px calc(10% + 1px)', [' ', '\n', '\t']) //=> ['1px', 'calc(10% + 1px)']
+     * }
+     * ```
+     *
+     * @param string separated values.
+     * @param separators array of separators.
+     * @param last boolean indicator.
+     * @return Split values.
+     */
+    split(
+      string: string,
+      separators: readonly string[],
+      last: boolean
+    ): string[]
+  }
+}
+
+declare let list: list.List
+
+export = list
diff --git a/lib/list.js b/lib/list.js
index 8270c93e9..3e879d7f1 100644
--- a/lib/list.js
+++ b/lib/list.js
@@ -1,73 +1,59 @@
-// Methods to parse list and split it to array
-export default {
-
-    // Split string to array by separator symbols with function and inside strings
-    // cheching
-    split(string, separators, last) {
-        var array   = [];
-        var current = '';
-        var split   = false;
-
-        var func    = 0;
-        var quote   = false;
-        var escape  = false;
-
-        for ( var i = 0; i < string.length; i++ ) {
-            var letter = string[i];
-
-            if ( quote ) {
-                if ( escape ) {
-                    escape = false;
-                } else if ( letter == '\\' ) {
-                    escape = true;
-                } else if ( letter == quote ) {
-                    quote = false;
-                }
-            } else if ( letter == '"' || letter == "'" ) {
-                quote = letter;
-            } else if ( letter == '(' ) {
-                func += 1;
-            } else if ( letter == ')' ) {
-                if ( func > 0 ) func -= 1;
-            } else if ( func === 0 ) {
-                for ( var j = 0; j < separators.length; j++ ) {
-                    if ( letter == separators[j] ) split = true;
-                }
-            }
-
-            if ( split ) {
-                if ( current !== '' ) array.push(current.trim());
-                current = '';
-                split   = false;
-            } else {
-                current += letter;
-            }
+'use strict'
+
+let list = {
+  comma(string) {
+    return list.split(string, [','], true)
+  },
+
+  space(string) {
+    let spaces = [' ', '\n', '\t']
+    return list.split(string, spaces)
+  },
+
+  split(string, separators, last) {
+    if (typeof string !== 'string') return []
+    let array = []
+    let current = ''
+    let split = false
+
+    let func = 0
+    let inQuote = false
+    let prevQuote = ''
+    let escape = false
+
+    for (let letter of string) {
+      if (escape) {
+        escape = false
+      } else if (letter === '\\') {
+        escape = true
+      } else if (inQuote) {
+        if (letter === prevQuote) {
+          inQuote = false
         }
-
-        if ( last || current !== '' ) array.push(current.trim());
-        return array;
-    },
-
-    // Split list devided by space:
-    //
-    //   list.space('a b') #=> ['a', 'b']
-    //
-    // It check for fuction and strings:
-    //
-    //   list.space('calc(1px + 1em) "b c"') #=> ['calc(1px + 1em)', '"b c"']
-    space(string) {
-        return this.split(string, [' ', "\n", "\t"]);
-    },
-
-    // Split list devided by comma
-    //
-    //   list.comma('a, b') #=> ['a', 'b']
-    //
-    // It check for fuction and strings:
-    //
-    //   list.comma('rgba(0, 0, 0, 0) white') #=> ['rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)', '"white"']
-    comma(string) {
-        return this.split(string, [','], true);
+      } else if (letter === '"' || letter === "'") {
+        inQuote = true
+        prevQuote = letter
+      } else if (letter === '(') {
+        func += 1
+      } else if (letter === ')') {
+        if (func > 0) func -= 1
+      } else if (func === 0) {
+        if (separators.includes(letter)) split = true
+      }
+
+      if (split) {
+        if (last || current !== '') array.push(current.trim())
+        current = ''
+        split = false
+      } else {
+        current += letter
+      }
     }
 
-};
+    if (last || current !== '') array.push(current.trim())
+    return array
+  }
+}
+
+module.exports = list
+list.default = list
diff --git a/lib/map-generator.js b/lib/map-generator.js
index 9c699b9a2..df880ac99 100644
--- a/lib/map-generator.js
+++ b/lib/map-generator.js
@@ -1,259 +1,376 @@
-import Result from './result';
-
-import { Base64 } from 'js-base64';
-import   mozilla  from 'source-map';
-import   path     from 'path';
-
-// All tools to generate source maps
-export default class MapGenerator {
-    constructor(root, opts) {
-        this.root    = root;
-        this.opts    = opts;
-        this.mapOpts = opts.map || { };
+'use strict'
+
+let { dirname, relative, resolve, sep } = require('path')
+let { SourceMapConsumer, SourceMapGenerator } = require('source-map-js')
+let { pathToFileURL } = require('url')
+
+let Input = require('./input')
+
+let sourceMapAvailable = Boolean(SourceMapConsumer && SourceMapGenerator)
+let pathAvailable = Boolean(dirname && resolve && relative && sep)
+
+class MapGenerator {
+  constructor(stringify, root, opts, cssString) {
+    this.stringify = stringify
+    this.mapOpts = opts.map || {}
+    this.root = root
+    this.opts = opts
+    this.css = cssString
+    this.originalCSS = cssString
+    this.usesFileUrls = !this.mapOpts.from && this.mapOpts.absolute
+
+    this.memoizedFileURLs = new Map()
+    this.memoizedPaths = new Map()
+    this.memoizedURLs = new Map()
+  }
+
+  addAnnotation() {
+    let content
+
+    if (this.isInline()) {
+      content =
+        'data:application/json;base64,' + this.toBase64(this.map.toString())
+    } else if (typeof this.mapOpts.annotation === 'string') {
+      content = this.mapOpts.annotation
+    } else if (typeof this.mapOpts.annotation === 'function') {
+      content = this.mapOpts.annotation(this.opts.to, this.root)
+    } else {
+      content = this.outputFile() + '.map'
     }
+    let eol = '\n'
+    if (this.css.includes('\r\n')) eol = '\r\n'
+
+    this.css += eol + '/*# sourceMappingURL=' + content + ' */'
+  }
+
+  applyPrevMaps() {
+    for (let prev of this.previous()) {
+      let from = this.toUrl(this.path(prev.file))
+      let root = prev.root || dirname(prev.file)
+      let map
+
+      if (this.mapOpts.sourcesContent === false) {
+        map = new SourceMapConsumer(prev.text)
+        if (map.sourcesContent) {
+          map.sourcesContent = null
+        }
+      } else {
+        map = prev.consumer()
+      }
 
-    // Should map be generated
-    isMap() {
-        if ( typeof(this.opts.map) != 'undefined' ) {
-            return !!this.opts.map;
-        } else {
-            return this.previous().length > 0;
+      this.map.applySourceMap(map, from, this.toUrl(this.path(root)))
+    }
+  }
+
+  clearAnnotation() {
+    if (this.mapOpts.annotation === false) return
+
+    if (this.root) {
+      let node
+      for (let i = this.root.nodes.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
+        node = this.root.nodes[i]
+        if (node.type !== 'comment') continue
+        if (node.text.startsWith('# sourceMappingURL=')) {
+          this.root.removeChild(i)
+        }
+      }
+    } else if (this.css) {
+      let startIndex
+      while ((startIndex = this.css.lastIndexOf('/*#')) !== -1) {
+        let endIndex = this.css.indexOf('*/', startIndex + 3)
+        if (endIndex === -1) break
+        while (startIndex > 0 && this.css[startIndex - 1] === '\n') {
+          startIndex--
         }
+        this.css = this.css.slice(0, startIndex) + this.css.slice(endIndex + 2)
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  generate() {
+    this.clearAnnotation()
+    if (pathAvailable && sourceMapAvailable && this.isMap()) {
+      return this.generateMap()
+    } else {
+      let result = ''
+      this.stringify(this.root, i => {
+        result += i
+      })
+      return [result]
+    }
+  }
+
+  generateMap() {
+    if (this.root) {
+      this.generateString()
+    } else if (this.previous().length === 1) {
+      let prev = this.previous()[0].consumer()
+      prev.file = this.outputFile()
+      this.map = SourceMapGenerator.fromSourceMap(prev, {
+        ignoreInvalidMapping: true
+      })
+    } else {
+      this.map = new SourceMapGenerator({
+        file: this.outputFile(),
+        ignoreInvalidMapping: true
+      })
+      this.map.addMapping({
+        generated: { column: 0, line: 1 },
+        original: { column: 0, line: 1 },
+        source: this.opts.from
+          ? this.toUrl(this.path(this.opts.from))
+          : '<no source>'
+      })
     }
 
-    // Return source map arrays from previous compilation step (like Sass)
-    previous() {
-        if ( !this.previousMaps ) {
-            this.previousMaps = [];
-            this.root.eachInside( (node) => {
-                if ( node.source && node.source.input.map ) {
-                    var map = node.source.input.map;
-                    if ( this.previousMaps.indexOf(map) == -1 ) {
-                        this.previousMaps.push(map);
-                    }
-                }
-            });
-        }
+    if (this.isSourcesContent()) this.setSourcesContent()
+    if (this.root && this.previous().length > 0) this.applyPrevMaps()
+    if (this.isAnnotation()) this.addAnnotation()
 
-        return this.previousMaps;
+    if (this.isInline()) {
+      return [this.css]
+    } else {
+      return [this.css, this.map]
+    }
+  }
+
+  generateString() {
+    this.css = ''
+    this.map = new SourceMapGenerator({
+      file: this.outputFile(),
+      ignoreInvalidMapping: true
+    })
+
+    let line = 1
+    let column = 1
+
+    let noSource = '<no source>'
+    let mapping = {
+      generated: { column: 0, line: 0 },
+      original: { column: 0, line: 0 },
+      source: ''
     }
 
-    // Should we inline source map to annotation comment
-    isInline() {
-        if ( typeof(this.mapOpts.inline) != 'undefined' ) {
-            return this.mapOpts.inline;
+    let last, lines
+    this.stringify(this.root, (str, node, type) => {
+      this.css += str
+
+      if (node && type !== 'end') {
+        mapping.generated.line = line
+        mapping.generated.column = column - 1
+        if (node.source && node.source.start) {
+          mapping.source = this.sourcePath(node)
+          mapping.original.line = node.source.start.line
+          mapping.original.column = node.source.start.column - 1
+          this.map.addMapping(mapping)
+        } else {
+          mapping.source = noSource
+          mapping.original.line = 1
+          mapping.original.column = 0
+          this.map.addMapping(mapping)
         }
-
-        var annotation = this.mapOpts.annotation;
-        if ( typeof(annotation) != 'undefined' && annotation !== true ) {
-            return false;
+      }
+
+      lines = str.match(/\n/g)
+      if (lines) {
+        line += lines.length
+        last = str.lastIndexOf('\n')
+        column = str.length - last
+      } else {
+        column += str.length
+      }
+
+      if (node && type !== 'start') {
+        let p = node.parent || { raws: {} }
+        let childless =
+          node.type === 'decl' || (node.type === 'atrule' && !node.nodes)
+        if (!childless || node !== p.last || p.raws.semicolon) {
+          if (node.source && node.source.end) {
+            mapping.source = this.sourcePath(node)
+            mapping.original.line = node.source.end.line
+            mapping.original.column = node.source.end.column - 1
+            mapping.generated.line = line
+            mapping.generated.column = column - 2
+            this.map.addMapping(mapping)
+          } else {
+            mapping.source = noSource
+            mapping.original.line = 1
+            mapping.original.column = 0
+            mapping.generated.line = line
+            mapping.generated.column = column - 1
+            this.map.addMapping(mapping)
+          }
         }
+      }
+    })
+  }
 
-        if ( this.previous().length ) {
-            return this.previous().some( i => i.inline );
-        } else {
-            return true;
-        }
+  isAnnotation() {
+    if (this.isInline()) {
+      return true
     }
-
-    // Should we set sourcesContent
-    isSourcesContent() {
-        if ( typeof(this.mapOpts.sourcesContent) != 'undefined' ) {
-            return this.mapOpts.sourcesContent;
-        }
-        if ( this.previous().length ) {
-            return this.previous().some( i => i.withContent() );
-        } else {
-            return true;
-        }
+    if (typeof this.mapOpts.annotation !== 'undefined') {
+      return this.mapOpts.annotation
     }
-
-    // Clear source map annotation comment
-    clearAnnotation() {
-        if ( this.mapOpts.annotation === false ) return;
-
-        var node;
-        for ( var i = this.root.nodes.length - 1; i >= 0; i-- ) {
-            node = this.root.nodes[i];
-            if ( node.type != 'comment' ) continue;
-            if ( node.text.match(/^# sourceMappingURL=/) ) {
-                this.root.remove(i);
-                return;
-            }
-        }
+    if (this.previous().length) {
+      return this.previous().some(i => i.annotation)
     }
+    return true
+  }
 
-    // Set origin CSS content
-    setSourcesContent() {
-        var already = { };
-        this.root.eachInside( (node) => {
-            if ( node.source ) {
-                var from = node.source.input.from;
-                if ( from && !already[from] ) {
-                    already[from] = true;
-                    var relative = this.relative(from);
-                    this.map.setSourceContent(relative, node.source.input.css);
-                }
-            }
-        });
+  isInline() {
+    if (typeof this.mapOpts.inline !== 'undefined') {
+      return this.mapOpts.inline
     }
 
-    // Apply source map from previous compilation step (like Sass)
-    applyPrevMaps() {
-        for ( var prev of this.previous() ) {
-            var from = this.relative(prev.file);
-            var root = prev.root || path.dirname(prev.file);
-            var map;
-
-            if ( this.mapOpts.sourcesContent === false ) {
-                map = new mozilla.SourceMapConsumer(prev.text);
-                map.sourcesContent = map.sourcesContent.map( i => null );
-            } else {
-                map = prev.consumer();
-            }
-
-            this.map.applySourceMap(map, from, this.relative(root));
-        }
+    let annotation = this.mapOpts.annotation
+    if (typeof annotation !== 'undefined' && annotation !== true) {
+      return false
     }
 
-    // Should we add annotation comment
-    isAnnotation() {
-        if ( this.isInline() ) {
-            return true ;
-        } else if ( typeof(this.mapOpts.annotation) != 'undefined' ) {
-            return this.mapOpts.annotation;
-        } else if ( this.previous().length ) {
-            return this.previous().some( i => i.annotation );
-        } else {
-            return true;
-        }
+    if (this.previous().length) {
+      return this.previous().some(i => i.inline)
     }
+    return true
+  }
 
-    // Add source map annotation comment if it is needed
-    addAnnotation() {
-        var content;
+  isMap() {
+    if (typeof this.opts.map !== 'undefined') {
+      return !!this.opts.map
+    }
+    return this.previous().length > 0
+  }
 
-        if ( this.isInline() ) {
-            content = "data:application/json;base64," +
-                       Base64.encode( this.map.toString() );
+  isSourcesContent() {
+    if (typeof this.mapOpts.sourcesContent !== 'undefined') {
+      return this.mapOpts.sourcesContent
+    }
+    if (this.previous().length) {
+      return this.previous().some(i => i.withContent())
+    }
+    return true
+  }
+
+  outputFile() {
+    if (this.opts.to) {
+      return this.path(this.opts.to)
+    } else if (this.opts.from) {
+      return this.path(this.opts.from)
+    } else {
+      return 'to.css'
+    }
+  }
 
-        } else if ( typeof(this.mapOpts.annotation) == 'string' ) {
-            content = this.mapOpts.annotation;
+  path(file) {
+    if (this.mapOpts.absolute) return file
+    if (file.charCodeAt(0) === 60 /* `<` */) return file
+    if (/^\w+:\/\//.test(file)) return file
+    let cached = this.memoizedPaths.get(file)
+    if (cached) return cached
 
-        } else {
-            content = this.outputFile() + '.map';
-        }
+    let from = this.opts.to ? dirname(this.opts.to) : '.'
 
-        this.css += "\n/*# sourceMappingURL=" + content + " */";
+    if (typeof this.mapOpts.annotation === 'string') {
+      from = dirname(resolve(from, this.mapOpts.annotation))
     }
 
-    // Return output CSS file path
-    outputFile() {
-        if ( this.opts.to ) {
-            return this.relative(this.opts.to);
-        } else if ( this.opts.from ) {
-            return this.relative(this.opts.from);
-        } else {
-            return 'to.css';
-        }
+    let path = relative(from, file)
+    this.memoizedPaths.set(file, path)
+
+    return path
+  }
+
+  previous() {
+    if (!this.previousMaps) {
+      this.previousMaps = []
+      if (this.root) {
+        this.root.walk(node => {
+          if (node.source && node.source.input.map) {
+            let map = node.source.input.map
+            if (!this.previousMaps.includes(map)) {
+              this.previousMaps.push(map)
+            }
+          }
+        })
+      } else {
+        let input = new Input(this.originalCSS, this.opts)
+        if (input.map) this.previousMaps.push(input.map)
+      }
     }
 
-    // Return Result object with map
-    generateMap() {
-        this.stringify();
-        if ( this.isSourcesContent() )    this.setSourcesContent();
-        if ( this.previous().length > 0 ) this.applyPrevMaps();
-        if ( this.isAnnotation() )        this.addAnnotation();
-
-        if ( this.isInline() ) {
-            return [this.css];
-        } else {
-            return [this.css, this.map];
+    return this.previousMaps
+  }
+
+  setSourcesContent() {
+    let already = {}
+    if (this.root) {
+      this.root.walk(node => {
+        if (node.source) {
+          let from = node.source.input.from
+          if (from && !already[from]) {
+            already[from] = true
+            let fromUrl = this.usesFileUrls
+              ? this.toFileUrl(from)
+              : this.toUrl(this.path(from))
+            this.map.setSourceContent(fromUrl, node.source.input.css)
+          }
         }
+      })
+    } else if (this.css) {
+      let from = this.opts.from
+        ? this.toUrl(this.path(this.opts.from))
+        : '<no source>'
+      this.map.setSourceContent(from, this.css)
     }
-
-    // Return path relative from output CSS file
-    relative(file) {
-        var from = this.opts.to ? path.dirname(this.opts.to) : '.';
-
-        if ( typeof(this.mapOpts.annotation) == 'string' ) {
-            from = path.dirname( path.resolve(from, this.mapOpts.annotation) );
-        }
-
-        file = path.relative(from, file);
-        if ( path.sep == '\\' ) {
-            return file.replace(/\\/g, '/');
-        } else {
-            return file;
-        }
+  }
+
+  sourcePath(node) {
+    if (this.mapOpts.from) {
+      return this.toUrl(this.mapOpts.from)
+    } else if (this.usesFileUrls) {
+      return this.toFileUrl(node.source.input.from)
+    } else {
+      return this.toUrl(this.path(node.source.input.from))
     }
+  }
 
-    // Return path of node source for map
-    sourcePath(node) {
-        return this.relative(node.source.input.from);
+  toBase64(str) {
+    if (Buffer) {
+      return Buffer.from(str).toString('base64')
+    } else {
+      return window.btoa(unescape(encodeURIComponent(str)))
     }
+  }
 
-    // Return CSS string and source map
-    stringify() {
-        this.css = '';
-        this.map = new mozilla.SourceMapGenerator({ file: this.outputFile() });
-
-        var line   = 1;
-        var column = 1;
-
-        var lines, last;
-        var builder = (str, node, type) => {
-            this.css += str;
-
-            if ( node && node.source && node.source.start && type != 'end' ) {
-                this.map.addMapping({
-                    source:   this.sourcePath(node),
-                    original: {
-                        line:   node.source.start.line,
-                        column: node.source.start.column - 1
-                    },
-                    generated: {
-                        line:   line,
-                        column: column - 1
-                    }
-                });
-            }
-
-            lines = str.match(/\n/g);
-            if ( lines ) {
-                line  += lines.length;
-                last   = str.lastIndexOf("\n");
-                column = str.length - last;
-            } else {
-                column = column + str.length;
-            }
+  toFileUrl(path) {
+    let cached = this.memoizedFileURLs.get(path)
+    if (cached) return cached
 
-            if ( node && node.source && node.source.end && type != 'start' ) {
-              this.map.addMapping({
-                  source:   this.sourcePath(node),
-                  original: {
-                      line:   node.source.end.line,
-                      column: node.source.end.column
-                  },
-                  generated: {
-                      line:   line,
-                      column: column
-                  }
-              });
-            }
-        };
+    if (pathToFileURL) {
+      let fileURL = pathToFileURL(path).toString()
+      this.memoizedFileURLs.set(path, fileURL)
 
-        this.root.stringify(builder);
+      return fileURL
+    } else {
+      throw new Error(
+        '`map.absolute` option is not available in this PostCSS build'
+      )
     }
+  }
 
-    // Return Result object with or without map
-    generate() {
-        this.clearAnnotation();
+  toUrl(path) {
+    let cached = this.memoizedURLs.get(path)
+    if (cached) return cached
 
-        if ( this.isMap() ) {
-            return this.generateMap();
-        } else {
-            return [this.root.toString()];
-        }
+    if (sep === '\\') {
+      path = path.replace(/\\/g, '/')
     }
+
+    let url = encodeURI(path).replace(/[#?]/g, encodeURIComponent)
+    this.memoizedURLs.set(path, url)
+
+    return url
+  }
 }
+
+module.exports = MapGenerator
diff --git a/lib/no-work-result.d.ts b/lib/no-work-result.d.ts
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..fa9d28484
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/no-work-result.d.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,45 @@
+import LazyResult from './lazy-result.js'
+import { SourceMap } from './postcss.js'
+import Processor from './processor.js'
+import Result, { Message, ResultOptions } from './result.js'
+import Root from './root.js'
+import Warning from './warning.js'
+
+declare namespace NoWorkResult {
+  export { NoWorkResult_ as default }
+}
+
+/**
+ * A Promise proxy for the result of PostCSS transformations.
+ * This lazy result instance doesn't parse css unless `NoWorkResult#root` or `Result#root`
+ * are accessed. See the example below for details.
+ * A `NoWork` instance is returned by `Processor#process` ONLY when no plugins defined.
+ *
+ * ```js
+ * const noWorkResult = postcss().process(css) // No plugins are defined.
+ *                                             // CSS is not parsed
+ * let root = noWorkResult.root // now css is parsed because we accessed the root
+ * ```
+ */
+declare class NoWorkResult_ implements LazyResult<Root> {
+  catch: Promise<Result<Root>>['catch']
+  finally: Promise<Result<Root>>['finally']
+  then: Promise<Result<Root>>['then']
+  get content(): string
+  get css(): string
+  get map(): SourceMap
+  get messages(): Message[]
+  get opts(): ResultOptions
+  get processor(): Processor
+  get root(): Root
+  get [Symbol.toStringTag](): string
+  constructor(processor: Processor, css: string, opts: ResultOptions)
+  async(): Promise<Result<Root>>
+  sync(): Result<Root>
+  toString(): string
+  warnings(): Warning[]
+}
+
+declare class NoWorkResult extends NoWorkResult_ {}
+
+export = NoWorkResult
diff --git a/lib/no-work-result.js b/lib/no-work-result.js
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..7ec1a7425
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/no-work-result.js
@@ -0,0 +1,137 @@
+'use strict'
+
+let MapGenerator = require('./map-generator')
+let parse = require('./parse')
+let Result = require('./result')
+let stringify = require('./stringify')
+let warnOnce = require('./warn-once')
+
+class NoWorkResult {
+  get content() {
+    return this.result.css
+  }
+
+  get css() {
+    return this.result.css
+  }
+
+  get map() {
+    return this.result.map
+  }
+
+  get messages() {
+    return []
+  }
+
+  get opts() {
+    return this.result.opts
+  }
+
+  get processor() {
+    return this.result.processor
+  }
+
+  get root() {
+    if (this._root) {
+      return this._root
+    }
+
+    let root
+    let parser = parse
+
+    try {
+      root = parser(this._css, this._opts)
+    } catch (error) {
+      this.error = error
+    }
+
+    if (this.error) {
+      throw this.error
+    } else {
+      this._root = root
+      return root
+    }
+  }
+
+  get [Symbol.toStringTag]() {
+    return 'NoWorkResult'
+  }
+
+  constructor(processor, css, opts) {
+    css = css.toString()
+    this.stringified = false
+
+    this._processor = processor
+    this._css = css
+    this._opts = opts
+    this._map = undefined
+
+    let str = stringify
+    this.result = new Result(this._processor, undefined, this._opts)
+    this.result.css = css
+
+    let self = this
+    Object.defineProperty(this.result, 'root', {
+      get() {
+        return self.root
+      }
+    })
+
+    let map = new MapGenerator(str, undefined, this._opts, css)
+    if (map.isMap()) {
+      let [generatedCSS, generatedMap] = map.generate()
+      if (generatedCSS) {
+        this.result.css = generatedCSS
+      }
+      if (generatedMap) {
+        this.result.map = generatedMap
+      }
+    } else {
+      map.clearAnnotation()
+      this.result.css = map.css
+    }
+  }
+
+  async() {
+    if (this.error) return Promise.reject(this.error)
+    return Promise.resolve(this.result)
+  }
+
+  catch(onRejected) {
+    return this.async().catch(onRejected)
+  }
+
+  finally(onFinally) {
+    return this.async().then(onFinally, onFinally)
+  }
+
+  sync() {
+    if (this.error) throw this.error
+    return this.result
+  }
+
+  then(onFulfilled, onRejected) {
+    if (process.env.NODE_ENV !== 'production') {
+      if (!('from' in this._opts)) {
+        warnOnce(
+          'Without `from` option PostCSS could generate wrong source map ' +
+            'and will not find Browserslist config. Set it to CSS file path ' +
+            'or to `undefined` to prevent this warning.'
+        )
+      }
+    }
+
+    return this.async().then(onFulfilled, onRejected)
+  }
+
+  toString() {
+    return this._css
+  }
+
+  warnings() {
+    return []
+  }
+}
+
+module.exports = NoWorkResult
+NoWorkResult.default = NoWorkResult
diff --git a/lib/node.d.ts b/lib/node.d.ts
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..e93ce5bae
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/node.d.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,555 @@
+import AtRule = require('./at-rule.js')
+import { AtRuleProps } from './at-rule.js'
+import Comment, { CommentProps } from './comment.js'
+import Container, { NewChild } from './container.js'
+import CssSyntaxError from './css-syntax-error.js'
+import Declaration, { DeclarationProps } from './declaration.js'
+import Document from './document.js'
+import Input from './input.js'
+import { Stringifier, Syntax } from './postcss.js'
+import Result from './result.js'
+import Root from './root.js'
+import Rule, { RuleProps } from './rule.js'
+import Warning, { WarningOptions } from './warning.js'
+
+declare namespace Node {
+  export type ChildNode = AtRule.default | Comment | Declaration | Rule
+
+  export type AnyNode =
+    | AtRule.default
+    | Comment
+    | Declaration
+    | Document
+    | Root
+    | Rule
+
+  export type ChildProps =
+    | AtRuleProps
+    | CommentProps
+    | DeclarationProps
+    | RuleProps
+
+  export interface Position {
+    /**
+     * Source column in file. It starts from 1.
+     */
+    column: number
+
+    /**
+     * Source line in file. It starts from 1.
+     */
+    line: number
+
+    /**
+     * Source offset in file. It starts from 0.
+     */
+    offset: number
+  }
+
+  export interface Range {
+    /**
+     * End position, exclusive.
+     */
+    end: Position
+
+    /**
+     * Start position, inclusive.
+     */
+    start: Position
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Source represents an interface for the {@link Node.source} property.
+   */
+  export interface Source {
+    /**
+     * The inclusive ending position for the source
+     * code of a node.
+     *
+     * However, `end.offset` of a non `Root` node is the exclusive position.
+     * See https://github.com/postcss/postcss/pull/1879 for details.
+     *
+     * ```js
+     * const root = postcss.parse('a { color: black }')
+     * const a = root.first
+     * const color = a.first
+     *
+     * // The offset of `Root` node is the inclusive position
+     * css.source.end   // { line: 1, column: 19, offset: 18 }
+     *
+     * // The offset of non `Root` node is the exclusive position
+     * a.source.end     // { line: 1, column: 18, offset: 18 }
+     * color.source.end // { line: 1, column: 16, offset: 16 }
+     * ```
+     */
+    end?: Position
+
+    /**
+     * The source file from where a node has originated.
+     */
+    input: Input
+
+    /**
+     * The inclusive starting position for the source
+     * code of a node.
+     */
+    start?: Position
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Interface represents an interface for an object received
+   * as parameter by Node class constructor.
+   */
+  export interface NodeProps {
+    source?: Source
+  }
+
+  export interface NodeErrorOptions {
+    /**
+     * An ending index inside a node's string that should be highlighted as
+     * source of error.
+     */
+    endIndex?: number
+    /**
+     * An index inside a node's string that should be highlighted as source
+     * of error.
+     */
+    index?: number
+    /**
+     * Plugin name that created this error. PostCSS will set it automatically.
+     */
+    plugin?: string
+    /**
+     * A word inside a node's string, that should be highlighted as source
+     * of error.
+     */
+    word?: string
+  }
+
+  class Node extends Node_ {}
+  export { Node as default }
+}
+
+/**
+ * It represents an abstract class that handles common
+ * methods for other CSS abstract syntax tree nodes.
+ *
+ * Any node that represents CSS selector or value should
+ * not extend the `Node` class.
+ */
+declare abstract class Node_ {
+  /**
+   * It represents parent of the current node.
+   *
+   * ```js
+   * root.nodes[0].parent === root //=> true
+   * ```
+   */
+  parent: Container | Document | undefined
+
+  /**
+   * It represents unnecessary whitespace and characters present
+   * in the css source code.
+   *
+   * Information to generate byte-to-byte equal node string as it was
+   * in the origin input.
+   *
+   * The properties of the raws object are decided by parser,
+   * the default parser uses the following properties:
+   *
+   * * `before`: the space symbols before the node. It also stores `*`
+   *   and `_` symbols before the declaration (IE hack).
+   * * `after`: the space symbols after the last child of the node
+   *   to the end of the node.
+   * * `between`: the symbols between the property and value
+   *   for declarations, selector and `{` for rules, or last parameter
+   *   and `{` for at-rules.
+   * * `semicolon`: contains true if the last child has
+   *   an (optional) semicolon.
+   * * `afterName`: the space between the at-rule name and its parameters.
+   * * `left`: the space symbols between `/*` and the comment’s text.
+   * * `right`: the space symbols between the comment’s text
+   *   and <code>*&#47;</code>.
+   * - `important`: the content of the important statement,
+   *   if it is not just `!important`.
+   *
+   * PostCSS filters out the comments inside selectors, declaration values
+   * and at-rule parameters but it stores the origin content in raws.
+   *
+   * ```js
+   * const root = postcss.parse('a {\n  color:black\n}')
+   * root.first.first.raws //=> { before: '\n  ', between: ':' }
+   * ```
+   */
+  raws: any
+
+  /**
+   * It represents information related to origin of a node and is required
+   * for generating source maps.
+   *
+   * The nodes that are created manually using the public APIs
+   * provided by PostCSS will have `source` undefined and
+   * will be absent in the source map.
+   *
+   * For this reason, the plugin developer should consider
+   * duplicating nodes as the duplicate node will have the
+   * same source as the original node by default or assign
+   * source to a node created manually.
+   *
+   * ```js
+   * decl.source.input.from //=> '/home/ai/source.css'
+   * decl.source.start      //=> { line: 10, column: 2 }
+   * decl.source.end        //=> { line: 10, column: 12 }
+   * ```
+   *
+   * ```js
+   * // Incorrect method, source not specified!
+   * const prefixed = postcss.decl({
+   *   prop: '-moz-' + decl.prop,
+   *   value: decl.value
+   * })
+   *
+   * // Correct method, source is inherited when duplicating.
+   * const prefixed = decl.clone({
+   *   prop: '-moz-' + decl.prop
+   * })
+   * ```
+   *
+   * ```js
+   * if (atrule.name === 'add-link') {
+   *   const rule = postcss.rule({
+   *     selector: 'a',
+   *     source: atrule.source
+   *   })
+   *
+   *  atrule.parent.insertBefore(atrule, rule)
+   * }
+   * ```
+   */
+  source?: Node.Source
+
+  /**
+   * It represents type of a node in
+   * an abstract syntax tree.
+   *
+   * A type of node helps in identification of a node
+   * and perform operation based on it's type.
+   *
+   * ```js
+   * const declaration = new Declaration({
+   *   prop: 'color',
+   *   value: 'black'
+   * })
+   *
+   * declaration.type //=> 'decl'
+   * ```
+   */
+  type: string
+
+  constructor(defaults?: object)
+
+  /**
+   * Insert new node after current node to current node’s parent.
+   *
+   * Just alias for `node.parent.insertAfter(node, add)`.
+   *
+   * ```js
+   * decl.after('color: black')
+   * ```
+   *
+   * @param newNode New node.
+   * @return This node for methods chain.
+   */
+  after(
+    newNode: Node | Node.ChildProps | readonly Node[] | string | undefined
+  ): this
+
+  /**
+   * It assigns properties to an existing node instance.
+   *
+   * ```js
+   * decl.assign({ prop: 'word-wrap', value: 'break-word' })
+   * ```
+   *
+   * @param overrides New properties to override the node.
+   *
+   * @return `this` for method chaining.
+   */
+  assign(overrides: object): this
+
+  /**
+   * Insert new node before current node to current node’s parent.
+   *
+   * Just alias for `node.parent.insertBefore(node, add)`.
+   *
+   * ```js
+   * decl.before('content: ""')
+   * ```
+   *
+   * @param newNode New node.
+   * @return This node for methods chain.
+   */
+  before(
+    newNode: Node | Node.ChildProps | readonly Node[] | string | undefined
+  ): this
+
+  /**
+   * Clear the code style properties for the node and its children.
+   *
+   * ```js
+   * node.raws.before  //=> ' '
+   * node.cleanRaws()
+   * node.raws.before  //=> undefined
+   * ```
+   *
+   * @param keepBetween Keep the `raws.between` symbols.
+   */
+  cleanRaws(keepBetween?: boolean): void
+
+  /**
+   * It creates clone of an existing node, which includes all the properties
+   * and their values, that includes `raws` but not `type`.
+   *
+   * ```js
+   * decl.raws.before    //=> "\n  "
+   * const cloned = decl.clone({ prop: '-moz-' + decl.prop })
+   * cloned.raws.before  //=> "\n  "
+   * cloned.toString()   //=> -moz-transform: scale(0)
+   * ```
+   *
+   * @param overrides New properties to override in the clone.
+   *
+   * @return Duplicate of the node instance.
+   */
+  clone(overrides?: object): this
+
+  /**
+   * Shortcut to clone the node and insert the resulting cloned node
+   * after the current node.
+   *
+   * @param overrides New properties to override in the clone.
+   * @return New node.
+   */
+  cloneAfter(overrides?: object): this
+
+  /**
+   * Shortcut to clone the node and insert the resulting cloned node
+   * before the current node.
+   *
+   * ```js
+   * decl.cloneBefore({ prop: '-moz-' + decl.prop })
+   * ```
+   *
+   * @param overrides Mew properties to override in the clone.
+   *
+   * @return New node
+   */
+  cloneBefore(overrides?: object): this
+
+  /**
+   * It creates an instance of the class `CssSyntaxError` and parameters passed
+   * to this method are assigned to the error instance.
+   *
+   * The error instance will have description for the
+   * error, original position of the node in the
+   * source, showing line and column number.
+   *
+   * If any previous map is present, it would be used
+   * to get original position of the source.
+   *
+   * The Previous Map here is referred to the source map
+   * generated by previous compilation, example: Less,
+   * Stylus and Sass.
+   *
+   * This method returns the error instance instead of
+   * throwing it.
+   *
+   * ```js
+   * if (!variables[name]) {
+   *   throw decl.error(`Unknown variable ${name}`, { word: name })
+   *   // CssSyntaxError: postcss-vars:a.sass:4:3: Unknown variable $black
+   *   //   color: $black
+   *   // a
+   *   //          ^
+   *   //   background: white
+   * }
+   * ```
+   *
+   * @param message Description for the error instance.
+   * @param options Options for the error instance.
+   *
+   * @return Error instance is returned.
+   */
+  error(message: string, options?: Node.NodeErrorOptions): CssSyntaxError
+
+  /**
+   * Returns the next child of the node’s parent.
+   * Returns `undefined` if the current node is the last child.
+   *
+   * ```js
+   * if (comment.text === 'delete next') {
+   *   const next = comment.next()
+   *   if (next) {
+   *     next.remove()
+   *   }
+   * }
+   * ```
+   *
+   * @return Next node.
+   */
+  next(): Node.ChildNode | undefined
+
+  /**
+   * Get the position for a word or an index inside the node.
+   *
+   * @param opts Options.
+   * @return Position.
+   */
+  positionBy(opts?: Pick<WarningOptions, 'index' | 'word'>): Node.Position
+
+  /**
+   * Convert string index to line/column.
+   *
+   * @param index The symbol number in the node’s string.
+   * @return Symbol position in file.
+   */
+  positionInside(index: number): Node.Position
+
+  /**
+   * Returns the previous child of the node’s parent.
+   * Returns `undefined` if the current node is the first child.
+   *
+   * ```js
+   * const annotation = decl.prev()
+   * if (annotation.type === 'comment') {
+   *   readAnnotation(annotation.text)
+   * }
+   * ```
+   *
+   * @return Previous node.
+   */
+  prev(): Node.ChildNode | undefined
+
+  /**
+   * Get the range for a word or start and end index inside the node.
+   * The start index is inclusive; the end index is exclusive.
+   *
+   * @param opts Options.
+   * @return Range.
+   */
+  rangeBy(
+    opts?: Pick<WarningOptions, 'end' | 'endIndex' | 'index' | 'start' | 'word'>
+  ): Node.Range
+
+  /**
+   * Returns a `raws` value. If the node is missing
+   * the code style property (because the node was manually built or cloned),
+   * PostCSS will try to autodetect the code style property by looking
+   * at other nodes in the tree.
+   *
+   * ```js
+   * const root = postcss.parse('a { background: white }')
+   * root.nodes[0].append({ prop: 'color', value: 'black' })
+   * root.nodes[0].nodes[1].raws.before   //=> undefined
+   * root.nodes[0].nodes[1].raw('before') //=> ' '
+   * ```
+   *
+   * @param prop        Name of code style property.
+   * @param defaultType Name of default value, it can be missed
+   *                    if the value is the same as prop.
+   * @return {string} Code style value.
+   */
+  raw(prop: string, defaultType?: string): string
+
+  /**
+   * It removes the node from its parent and deletes its parent property.
+   *
+   * ```js
+   * if (decl.prop.match(/^-webkit-/)) {
+   *   decl.remove()
+   * }
+   * ```
+   *
+   * @return `this` for method chaining.
+   */
+  remove(): this
+
+  /**
+   * Inserts node(s) before the current node and removes the current node.
+   *
+   * ```js
+   * AtRule: {
+   *   mixin: atrule => {
+   *     atrule.replaceWith(mixinRules[atrule.params])
+   *   }
+   * }
+   * ```
+   *
+   * @param nodes Mode(s) to replace current one.
+   * @return Current node to methods chain.
+   */
+  replaceWith(...nodes: NewChild[]): this
+
+  /**
+   * Finds the Root instance of the node’s tree.
+   *
+   * ```js
+   * root.nodes[0].nodes[0].root() === root
+   * ```
+   *
+   * @return Root parent.
+   */
+  root(): Root
+
+  /**
+   * Fix circular links on `JSON.stringify()`.
+   *
+   * @return Cleaned object.
+   */
+  toJSON(): object
+
+  /**
+   * It compiles the node to browser readable cascading style sheets string
+   * depending on it's type.
+   *
+   * ```js
+   * new Rule({ selector: 'a' }).toString() //=> "a {}"
+   * ```
+   *
+   * @param stringifier A syntax to use in string generation.
+   * @return CSS string of this node.
+   */
+  toString(stringifier?: Stringifier | Syntax): string
+
+  /**
+   * It is a wrapper for {@link Result#warn}, providing convenient
+   * way of generating warnings.
+   *
+   * ```js
+   *   Declaration: {
+   *     bad: (decl, { result }) => {
+   *       decl.warn(result, 'Deprecated property: bad')
+   *     }
+   *   }
+   * ```
+   *
+   * @param result The `Result` instance that will receive the warning.
+   * @param message Description for the warning.
+   * @param options Options for the warning.
+   *
+   * @return `Warning` instance is returned
+   */
+  warn(result: Result, message: string, options?: WarningOptions): Warning
+
+  /**
+   * If this node isn't already dirty, marks it and its ancestors as such. This
+   * indicates to the LazyResult processor that the {@link Root} has been
+   * modified by the current plugin and may need to be processed again by other
+   * plugins.
+   */
+  protected markDirty(): void
+}
+
+declare class Node extends Node_ {}
+
+export = Node
diff --git a/lib/node.js b/lib/node.js
index affb56710..a298d3656 100644
--- a/lib/node.js
+++ b/lib/node.js
@@ -1,419 +1,494 @@
-import CssSyntaxError from './css-syntax-error';
-
-// Default code style
-const defaultStyle = {
-    colon:         ': ',
-    indent:        '    ',
-    beforeDecl:    '\n',
-    beforeRule:    '\n',
-    beforeOpen:    ' ',
-    beforeClose:   '\n',
-    beforeComment: '\n',
-    after:         '\n',
-    emptyBody:     '',
-    commentLeft:   ' ',
-    commentRight:  ' '
-};
-
-// Recursivly clone objects
-var cloneNode = function (obj, parent) {
-    if ( typeof(obj) != 'object' ) return obj;
-    var cloned = new obj.constructor();
-
-    for ( var i in obj ) {
-        if ( !obj.hasOwnProperty(i) ) continue;
-        var value = obj[i];
-
-        if ( i == 'parent' && typeof(value) == 'object' ) {
-            if (parent) cloned[i] = parent;
-        } else if ( i == 'source' ) {
-            cloned[i] = value;
-        } else if ( value instanceof Array ) {
-            cloned[i] = value.map( i => cloneNode(i, cloned) );
-        } else if ( i != 'before'  && i != 'after' &&
-                    i != 'between' && i != 'semicolon' ) {
-            cloned[i] = cloneNode(value, cloned);
+'use strict'
+
+let CssSyntaxError = require('./css-syntax-error')
+let Stringifier = require('./stringifier')
+let stringify = require('./stringify')
+let { isClean, my } = require('./symbols')
+
+function cloneNode(obj, parent) {
+  let cloned = new obj.constructor()
+  // An explicit stack instead of recursive calls to survive deeply
+  // nested trees. Each entry is [source, its clone, clone's parent].
+  let stack = [[obj, cloned, parent]]
+
+  while (stack.length > 0) {
+    let [source, target, targetParent] = stack.pop()
+    for (let i in source) {
+      if (!Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(source, i)) {
+        /* c8 ignore next 2 */
+        continue
+      }
+      if (i === 'proxyCache') continue
+      let value = source[i]
+      let type = typeof value
+
+      if (i === 'parent' && type === 'object') {
+        if (targetParent) target[i] = targetParent
+      } else if (i === 'source') {
+        target[i] = value
+      } else if (Array.isArray(value)) {
+        let children = []
+        target[i] = children
+        for (let j of value) {
+          let childClone = new j.constructor()
+          children.push(childClone)
+          stack.push([j, childClone, target])
         }
+      } else {
+        if (type === 'object' && value !== null) {
+          let valueClone = new value.constructor()
+          stack.push([value, valueClone, undefined])
+          value = valueClone
+        }
+        target[i] = value
+      }
     }
+  }
 
-    return cloned;
-};
+  return cloned
+}
 
-// Some common methods for all CSS nodes
-export default class Node {
-    constructor(defaults = { }) {
-        for ( var name in defaults ) {
-            this[name] = defaults[name];
-        }
-    }
+function sourceOffset(inputCSS, position) {
+  // Not all custom syntaxes support `offset` in `source.start` and `source.end`
+  if (position && typeof position.offset !== 'undefined') {
+    return position.offset
+  }
 
-    // Return error to mark error in your plugin syntax:
-    //
-    //   if ( wrongVariable ) {
-    //       throw decl.error('Wrong variable');
-    //   }
-    //
-    // You can also get origin line and column from previous source map:
-    //
-    //   if ( deprecatedSyntax ) {
-    //       var error = decl.error('Deprecated syntax');
-    //       console.warn(error.toString());
-    //   }
-    error(message) {
-        if ( this.source ) {
-            var pos = this.source.start;
-            return this.source.input.error(message, pos.line, pos.column);
-        } else {
-            return new CssSyntaxError(message);
-        }
-    }
+  let column = 1
+  let line = 1
+  let offset = 0
 
-    // Remove this node from parent
-    //
-    //   decl.removeSelf();
-    //
-    // Note, that removing by index is faster:
-    //
-    //   rule.each( (decl, i) => rule.remove(i) );
-    removeSelf() {
-        if ( this.parent ) {
-            this.parent.remove(this);
-        }
-        this.parent = undefined;
-        return this;
+  for (let i = 0; i < inputCSS.length; i++) {
+    if (line === position.line && column === position.column) {
+      offset = i
+      break
     }
 
-    // Shortcut to insert nodes before and remove self.
-    //
-    //   importNode.replace( loadedRoot );
-    replace(nodes) {
-        this.parent.insertBefore(this, nodes);
-        this.parent.remove(this);
-        return this;
+    if (inputCSS[i] === '\n') {
+      column = 1
+      line += 1
+    } else {
+      column += 1
     }
+  }
 
-    // Return CSS string of current node
-    //
-    //   decl.toString(); //=> "  color: black"
-    toString() {
-        var result  = '';
-        var builder = (str) => result += str;
-        this.stringify(builder);
-        return result;
-    }
+  return offset
+}
 
-    // Clone current node
-    //
-    //   rule.append( decl.clone() );
-    //
-    // You can override properties while cloning:
-    //
-    //   rule.append( decl.clone({ value: '0' }) );
-    clone(overrides = { }) {
-        var cloned = cloneNode(this);
-        for ( var name in overrides ) {
-            cloned[name] = overrides[name];
+class Node {
+  get proxyOf() {
+    return this
+  }
+
+  constructor(defaults = {}) {
+    this.raws = {}
+    this[isClean] = false
+    this[my] = true
+
+    for (let name of Object.keys(defaults)) {
+      if (name === '__proto__') continue
+      if (name === 'nodes') {
+        this.nodes = []
+        for (let node of defaults[name]) {
+          // Clone only nodes that already belong to another tree, so passing a
+          // freshly created (parent-less) node adopts that instance instead of
+          // a copy and keeps the caller's reference usable. See #1987.
+          if (typeof node.clone === 'function' && node.parent) {
+            this.append(node.clone())
+          } else {
+            this.append(node)
+          }
         }
-        return cloned;
+      } else {
+        this[name] = defaults[name]
+      }
     }
-
-    // Clone node and insert clone before current one.
-    // It accept properties to change in clone and return new node.
-    //
-    //   decl.cloneBefore({ prop: '-webkit-' + del.prop });
-    cloneBefore(overrides = { }) {
-        var cloned = this.clone(overrides);
-        this.parent.insertBefore(this, cloned);
-        return cloned;
+  }
+
+  addToError(error) {
+    error.postcssNode = this
+    if (error.stack && this.source && /\n\s{4}at /.test(error.stack)) {
+      let s = this.source
+      error.stack = error.stack.replace(
+        /\n\s{4}at /,
+        `$&${s.input.from}:${s.start.line}:${s.start.column}$&`
+      )
     }
+    return error
+  }
 
-    // Clone node and insert clone after current one.
-    // It accept properties to change in clone and return new node.
-    //
-    //   decl.cloneAfter({ value: convertToRem(decl.value) });
-    cloneAfter(overrides = { }) {
-        var cloned = this.clone(overrides);
-        this.parent.insertAfter(this, cloned);
-        return cloned;
-    }
+  after(add) {
+    this.parent.insertAfter(this, add)
+    return this
+  }
 
-    // Replace with node by another one.
-    //
-    //   decl.replaceWith(fixedDecl);
-    replaceWith(node) {
-        this.parent.insertBefore(this, node);
-        this.removeSelf();
-        return this;
+  assign(overrides = {}) {
+    for (let name in overrides) {
+      this[name] = overrides[name]
     }
-
-    // Remove node from current place and put to end of new one.
-    // It will also clean node code styles, but will keep `between` if old
-    // parent and new parent has same root.
-    //
-    //   rule.moveTo(atRule);
-    moveTo(container) {
-        this.cleanStyles(this.root() == container.root());
-        this.removeSelf();
-        container.append(this);
-        return this;
+    return this
+  }
+
+  before(add) {
+    this.parent.insertBefore(this, add)
+    return this
+  }
+
+  cleanRaws(keepBetween) {
+    delete this.raws.before
+    delete this.raws.after
+    if (!keepBetween) delete this.raws.between
+  }
+
+  clone(overrides = {}) {
+    let cloned = cloneNode(this)
+    for (let name in overrides) {
+      cloned[name] = overrides[name]
     }
-
-    // Remove node from current place and put to before other node.
-    // It will also clean node code styles, but will keep `between` if old
-    // parent and new parent has same root.
-    //
-    //   rule.moveBefore(rule.parent);
-    moveBefore(node) {
-        this.cleanStyles(this.root() == node.root());
-        this.removeSelf();
-        node.parent.insertBefore(node, this);
-        return this;
+    return cloned
+  }
+
+  cloneAfter(overrides = {}) {
+    let cloned = this.clone(overrides)
+    this.parent.insertAfter(this, cloned)
+    return cloned
+  }
+
+  cloneBefore(overrides = {}) {
+    let cloned = this.clone(overrides)
+    this.parent.insertBefore(this, cloned)
+    return cloned
+  }
+
+  error(message, opts = {}) {
+    if (this.source) {
+      let { end, start } = this.rangeBy(opts)
+      return this.source.input.error(
+        message,
+        { column: start.column, line: start.line },
+        { column: end.column, line: end.line },
+        opts
+      )
     }
-
-    // Remove node from current place and put to after other node.
-    // It will also clean node code styles, but will keep `between` if old
-    // parent and new parent has same root.
-    //
-    //   rule.moveAfter(rule.parent);
-    moveAfter(node) {
-        this.cleanStyles(this.root() == node.root());
-        this.removeSelf();
-        node.parent.insertAfter(node, this);
-        return this;
+    return new CssSyntaxError(message)
+  }
+
+  getProxyProcessor() {
+    return {
+      get(node, prop) {
+        if (prop === 'proxyOf') {
+          return node
+        } else if (prop === 'root') {
+          return () => node.root().toProxy()
+        } else {
+          return node[prop]
+        }
+      },
+
+      set(node, prop, value) {
+        if (node[prop] === value) return true
+        node[prop] = value
+        if (
+          prop === 'prop' ||
+          prop === 'value' ||
+          prop === 'name' ||
+          prop === 'params' ||
+          prop === 'important' ||
+          /* c8 ignore next */
+          prop === 'text'
+        ) {
+          node.markDirty()
+        }
+        return true
+      }
     }
-
-    // Return next node in parent. If current node is last one,
-    // method will return `undefined`.
-    //
-    //   var next = decl.next();
-    //   if ( next && next.prop == removePrefix(decl.prop) ) {
-    //       decl.removeSelf();
-    //   }
-    next() {
-        var index = this.parent.index(this);
-        return this.parent.nodes[index + 1];
+  }
+
+  /* c8 ignore next 3 */
+  markClean() {
+    this[isClean] = true
+  }
+
+  markDirty() {
+    if (this[isClean]) {
+      this[isClean] = false
+      let next = this
+      while ((next = next.parent)) {
+        next[isClean] = false
+      }
     }
-
-    // Return previous node in parent. If current node is first one,
-    // method will return `undefined`.
-    //
-    //   var prev = decl.prev();
-    //   if ( prev && removePrefix(prev.prop) == decl.prop) ) {
-    //       prev.removeSelf();
-    //   }
-    prev() {
-        var index = this.parent.index(this);
-        return this.parent.nodes[index - 1];
+  }
+
+  next() {
+    if (!this.parent) return undefined
+    let index = this.parent.index(this)
+    return this.parent.nodes[index + 1]
+  }
+
+  positionBy(opts = {}) {
+    let inputString =
+      'document' in this.source.input
+        ? this.source.input.document
+        : this.source.input.css
+    let pos = {
+      column: this.source.start.column,
+      line: this.source.start.line,
+      offset: sourceOffset(inputString, this.source.start)
+    }
+    if (opts.index) {
+      pos = this.positionInside(opts.index)
+    } else if (opts.word) {
+      let stringRepresentation = inputString.slice(
+        sourceOffset(inputString, this.source.start),
+        sourceOffset(inputString, this.source.end)
+      )
+      let index = stringRepresentation.indexOf(opts.word)
+      if (index !== -1) pos = this.positionInside(index)
+    }
+    return pos
+  }
+
+  positionInside(index) {
+    let column = this.source.start.column
+    let line = this.source.start.line
+    let inputString =
+      'document' in this.source.input
+        ? this.source.input.document
+        : this.source.input.css
+    let offset = sourceOffset(inputString, this.source.start)
+    let end = offset + index
+
+    for (let i = offset; i < end; i++) {
+      if (inputString[i] === '\n') {
+        column = 1
+        line += 1
+      } else {
+        column += 1
+      }
     }
 
-    // Remove `parent` node on cloning to fix circular structures
-    toJSON() {
-        var fixed = { };
-
-        for ( var name in this ) {
-            if ( !this.hasOwnProperty(name) ) continue;
-            if ( name == 'parent' ) continue;
-            var value = this[name];
-
-            if ( value instanceof Array ) {
-                fixed[name] = value.map( (i) => {
-                    return (typeof(i) == 'object' && i.toJSON) ? i.toJSON() : i;
-                });
-            } else if ( typeof(value) == 'object' && value.toJSON ) {
-                fixed[name] = value.toJSON();
-            } else {
-                fixed[name] = value;
-            }
+    return { column, line, offset: end }
+  }
+
+  prev() {
+    if (!this.parent) return undefined
+    let index = this.parent.index(this)
+    return this.parent.nodes[index - 1]
+  }
+
+  rangeBy(opts = {}) {
+    let inputString =
+      'document' in this.source.input
+        ? this.source.input.document
+        : this.source.input.css
+    let start = {
+      column: this.source.start.column,
+      line: this.source.start.line,
+      offset: sourceOffset(inputString, this.source.start)
+    }
+    let end = this.source.end
+      ? {
+          column: this.source.end.column + 1,
+          line: this.source.end.line,
+          offset:
+            typeof this.source.end.offset === 'number'
+              ? // `source.end.offset` is exclusive, so we don't need to add 1
+                this.source.end.offset
+              : // Since line/column in this.source.end is inclusive,
+                // the `sourceOffset(... , this.source.end)` returns an inclusive offset.
+                // So, we add 1 to convert it to exclusive.
+                sourceOffset(inputString, this.source.end) + 1
+        }
+      : {
+          column: start.column + 1,
+          line: start.line,
+          offset: start.offset + 1
         }
 
-        return fixed;
+    if (opts.word) {
+      let stringRepresentation = inputString.slice(
+        sourceOffset(inputString, this.source.start),
+        sourceOffset(inputString, this.source.end)
+      )
+      let index = stringRepresentation.indexOf(opts.word)
+      if (index !== -1) {
+        start = this.positionInside(index)
+        end = this.positionInside(index + opts.word.length)
+      }
+    } else {
+      if (opts.start) {
+        start = {
+          column: opts.start.column,
+          line: opts.start.line,
+          offset: sourceOffset(inputString, opts.start)
+        }
+      } else if (typeof opts.index === 'number') {
+        start = this.positionInside(opts.index)
+      }
+
+      if (opts.end) {
+        end = {
+          column: opts.end.column,
+          line: opts.end.line,
+          offset: sourceOffset(inputString, opts.end)
+        }
+      } else if (typeof opts.endIndex === 'number') {
+        end = this.positionInside(opts.endIndex)
+      } else if (typeof opts.index === 'number') {
+        end = this.positionInside(opts.index + 1)
+      }
     }
 
-    // Copy code style from first node with same type
-    style(own, detect) {
-        var value;
-        if ( !detect ) detect = own;
+    if (
+      end.line < start.line ||
+      (end.line === start.line && end.column <= start.column)
+    ) {
+      end = {
+        column: start.column + 1,
+        line: start.line,
+        offset: start.offset + 1
+      }
+    }
 
-        // Already had
-        if ( own ) {
-            value = this[own];
-            if ( typeof(value) != 'undefined' ) return value;
-        }
+    return { end, start }
+  }
 
-        var parent = this.parent;
+  raw(prop, defaultType) {
+    let str = new Stringifier()
+    return str.raw(this, prop, defaultType)
+  }
 
-        // Hack for first rule in CSS
-        if ( detect == 'before' ) {
-            if ( !parent || (parent.type == 'root' && parent.first == this) ) {
-                return '';
-            }
+  remove() {
+    if (this.parent) {
+      this.parent.removeChild(this)
+    }
+    this.parent = undefined
+    return this
+  }
+
+  replaceWith(...nodes) {
+    if (this.parent) {
+      let bookmark = this
+      let foundSelf = false
+      for (let node of nodes) {
+        if (node === this) {
+          foundSelf = true
+        } else if (foundSelf) {
+          this.parent.insertAfter(bookmark, node)
+          bookmark = node
+        } else {
+          this.parent.insertBefore(bookmark, node)
         }
+      }
 
-        // Floating child without parent
-        if ( !parent ) return defaultStyle[detect];
+      if (!foundSelf) {
+        this.remove()
+      }
+    }
 
-        // Detect style by other nodes
-        var root = this.root();
-        if ( !root.styleCache ) root.styleCache = { };
-        if ( typeof(root.styleCache[detect]) != 'undefined' ) {
-            return root.styleCache[detect];
-        }
+    return this
+  }
 
-        if ( detect == 'semicolon' ) {
-            root.eachInside( (i) => {
-                if ( i.nodes && i.nodes.length && i.last.type == 'decl' ) {
-                    value = i.semicolon;
-                    if ( typeof(value) != 'undefined' ) return false;
-                }
-            });
-        } else if ( detect == 'emptyBody' ) {
-            root.eachInside( (i) => {
-                if ( i.nodes && i.nodes.length === 0 ) {
-                    value = i.after;
-                    if ( typeof(value) != 'undefined' ) return false;
-                }
-            });
-        } else if ( detect == 'indent' ) {
-            root.eachInside( (i) => {
-                var p = i.parent;
-                if ( p && p != root && p.parent && p.parent == root ) {
-                    if ( typeof(i.before) != 'undefined' ) {
-                        var parts = i.before.split('\n');
-                        value = parts[parts.length - 1];
-                        value = value.replace(/[^\s]/g, '');
-                        return false;
-                    }
-                }
-            });
-        } else if ( detect == 'beforeComment' ) {
-            root.eachComment( (i) => {
-                if ( typeof(i.before) != 'undefined' ) {
-                    value = i.before;
-                    if ( value.indexOf('\n') != -1 ) {
-                        value = value.replace(/[^\n]+$/, '');
-                    }
-                    return false;
-                }
-            });
-            if ( typeof(value) == 'undefined' ) {
-                value = this.style(null, 'beforeDecl');
-            }
-        } else if ( detect == 'beforeDecl' ) {
-            root.eachDecl( (i) => {
-                if ( typeof(i.before) != 'undefined' ) {
-                    value = i.before;
-                    if ( value.indexOf('\n') != -1 ) {
-                        value = value.replace(/[^\n]+$/, '');
-                    }
-                    return false;
-                }
-            });
-            if ( typeof(value) == 'undefined' ) {
-                value = this.style(null, 'beforeRule');
-            }
-        } else if ( detect == 'beforeRule' ) {
-            root.eachInside( (i) => {
-                if ( i.nodes && (i.parent != root || root.first != i) ) {
-                    if ( typeof(i.before) != 'undefined' ) {
-                        value = i.before;
-                        if ( value.indexOf('\n') != -1 ) {
-                            value = value.replace(/[^\n]+$/, '');
-                        }
-                        return false;
-                    }
-                }
-            });
-        } else if ( detect == 'beforeClose' ) {
-            root.eachInside( (i) => {
-                if ( i.nodes && i.nodes.length > 0 ) {
-                    if ( typeof(i.after) != 'undefined' ) {
-                        value = i.after;
-                        if ( value.indexOf('\n') != -1 ) {
-                            value = value.replace(/[^\n]+$/, '');
-                        }
-                        return false;
-                    }
-                }
-            });
-        } else if ( detect == 'before' || detect == 'after' ) {
-            if ( this.type == 'decl' ) {
-                value = this.style(null, 'beforeDecl');
-            } else if ( this.type == 'comment' ) {
-                value = this.style(null, 'beforeComment');
-            } else if ( detect == 'before' ) {
-                value = this.style(null, 'beforeRule');
+  root() {
+    let result = this
+    while (result.parent && result.parent.type !== 'document') {
+      result = result.parent
+    }
+    return result
+  }
+
+  toJSON(_, inputs) {
+    let emitInputs = inputs == null
+    inputs = inputs || new Map()
+
+    // A worklist instead of recursive `toJSON()` calls to survive deeply
+    // nested trees. Each entry converts one node and writes the result
+    // into the already converted parent by [holder, key].
+    let holderOfRoot = []
+    let queue = [[this, holderOfRoot, 0]]
+
+    for (let step = 0; step < queue.length; step++) {
+      let [node, holder, key] = queue[step]
+      let fixed = {}
+      holder[key] = fixed
+
+      for (let name in node) {
+        if (!Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(node, name)) {
+          /* c8 ignore next 2 */
+          continue
+        }
+        if (name === 'parent' || name === 'proxyCache') continue
+        let value = node[name]
+
+        if (Array.isArray(value)) {
+          let fixedArray = []
+          fixed[name] = fixedArray
+          for (let i = 0; i < value.length; i++) {
+            let item = value[i]
+            if (typeof item === 'object' && item.toJSON) {
+              if (item.toJSON === Node.prototype.toJSON) {
+                queue.push([item, fixedArray, i])
+              } else {
+                fixedArray[i] = item.toJSON(null, inputs)
+              }
             } else {
-                value = this.style(null, 'beforeClose');
+              fixedArray[i] = item
             }
-
-            var node  = this.parent;
-            var depth = 0;
-            while ( node && node.type != 'root' ) {
-                depth += 1;
-                node = node.parent;
-            }
-
-            if ( value.indexOf('\n') != -1 ) {
-                var indent = this.style(null, 'indent');
-                if ( indent.length ) {
-                    for ( var step = 0; step < depth; step++ ) value += indent;
-                }
-            }
-
-            return value;
-        } else if ( detect == 'colon' ) {
-            root.eachDecl( (i) => {
-                if ( typeof(i.between) != 'undefined' ) {
-                    value = i.between.replace(/[^\s:]/g, '');
-                    return false;
-                }
-            });
-        } else if ( detect == 'beforeOpen' ) {
-            root.eachInside( (i) => {
-                if ( i.type != 'decl' ) {
-                    value = i.between;
-                    if ( typeof(value) != 'undefined' ) return false;
-                }
-            });
+          }
+        } else if (typeof value === 'object' && value.toJSON) {
+          if (value.toJSON === Node.prototype.toJSON) {
+            queue.push([value, fixed, name])
+          } else {
+            fixed[name] = value.toJSON(null, inputs)
+          }
+        } else if (name === 'source') {
+          if (value == null) continue
+          let inputId = inputs.get(value.input)
+          if (inputId == null) {
+            inputId = inputs.size
+            inputs.set(value.input, inputId)
+          }
+          fixed[name] = {
+            end: value.end,
+            inputId,
+            start: value.start
+          }
         } else {
-            root.eachInside( (i) => {
-                value = i[own];
-                if ( typeof(value) != 'undefined' ) return false;
-            });
+          fixed[name] = value
         }
-
-        if ( typeof(value) == 'undefined' ) value = defaultStyle[detect];
-
-        root.styleCache[detect] = value;
-        return value;
+      }
     }
 
-    // Return top parent , parent of parents.
-    root() {
-        var result = this;
-        while ( result.parent ) result = result.parent;
-        return result;
+    let fixed = holderOfRoot[0]
+    if (emitInputs) {
+      fixed.inputs = [...inputs.keys()].map(input => input.toJSON())
     }
 
-    // Recursivelly remove all code style properties (`before` and `between`).
-    cleanStyles(keepBetween) {
-        delete this.before;
-        delete this.after;
-        if ( !keepBetween ) delete this.between;
+    return fixed
+  }
 
-        if ( this.nodes ) {
-            for ( var node of this.nodes ) node.cleanStyles(keepBetween);
-        }
-    }
-
-    // Use raw value if origin was not changed
-    stringifyRaw(prop) {
-        var value = this[prop];
-        var raw   = this['_' + prop];
-        if ( raw && raw.value === value ) {
-            return raw.raw;
-        } else {
-            return value;
-        }
+  toProxy() {
+    if (!this.proxyCache) {
+      this.proxyCache = new Proxy(this, this.getProxyProcessor())
     }
+    return this.proxyCache
+  }
+
+  toString(stringifier = stringify) {
+    if (stringifier.stringify) stringifier = stringifier.stringify
+    let result = ''
+    stringifier(this, i => {
+      result += i
+    })
+    return result
+  }
+
+  warn(result, text, opts = {}) {
+    let data = { node: this }
+    for (let i in opts) data[i] = opts[i]
+    return result.warn(text, data)
+  }
 }
+
+module.exports = Node
+Node.default = Node
diff --git a/lib/parse.d.ts b/lib/parse.d.ts
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..ffe35b439
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/parse.d.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+import { Parser } from './postcss.js'
+
+interface Parse extends Parser {
+  default: Parse
+}
+
+declare let parse: Parse
+
+export = parse
diff --git a/lib/parse.js b/lib/parse.js
index 4e57c1635..00a1037aa 100644
--- a/lib/parse.js
+++ b/lib/parse.js
@@ -1,12 +1,42 @@
-import Parser from './parser';
-import Input  from './input';
+'use strict'
 
-export default function (css, opts) {
-    var input = new Input(css, opts);
+let Container = require('./container')
+let Input = require('./input')
+let Parser = require('./parser')
 
-    var parser = new Parser(input);
-    parser.tokenize();
-    parser.loop();
+function parse(css, opts) {
+  let input = new Input(css, opts)
+  let parser = new Parser(input)
+  try {
+    parser.parse()
+  } catch (e) {
+    if (process.env.NODE_ENV !== 'production') {
+      if (e.name === 'CssSyntaxError' && opts && opts.from) {
+        if (/\.scss$/i.test(opts.from)) {
+          e.message +=
+            '\nYou tried to parse SCSS with ' +
+            'the standard CSS parser; ' +
+            'try again with the postcss-scss parser'
+        } else if (/\.sass/i.test(opts.from)) {
+          e.message +=
+            '\nYou tried to parse Sass with ' +
+            'the standard CSS parser; ' +
+            'try again with the postcss-sass parser'
+        } else if (/\.less$/i.test(opts.from)) {
+          e.message +=
+            '\nYou tried to parse Less with ' +
+            'the standard CSS parser; ' +
+            'try again with the postcss-less parser'
+        }
+      }
+    }
+    throw e
+  }
 
-    return parser.root;
+  return parser.root
 }
+
+module.exports = parse
+parse.default = parse
+
+Container.registerParse(parse)
diff --git a/lib/parser.js b/lib/parser.js
index 4a788eae1..f549f56d1 100644
--- a/lib/parser.js
+++ b/lib/parser.js
@@ -1,463 +1,621 @@
-import Declaration from './declaration';
-import tokenizer   from './tokenize';
-import Comment     from './comment';
-import AtRule      from './at-rule';
-import Root        from './root';
-import Rule        from './rule';
-
-// CSS parser
-export default class Parser {
-    constructor(input) {
-        this.input = input;
-
-        this.pos       = 0;
-        this.root      = new Root();
-        this.current   = this.root;
-        this.spaces    = '';
-        this.semicolon = false;
-
-        this.root.source = { input: input };
-        if ( input.map ) this.root.prevMap = input.map;
-    }
-
-    tokenize() {
-        this.tokens = tokenizer(this.input);
-    }
-
-    loop() {
-        var token;
-        while ( this.pos < this.tokens.length ) {
-            token = this.tokens[this.pos];
-
-            switch ( token[0] ) {
-                case 'word':
-                case ':':
-                    this.word(token);
-                    break;
+'use strict'
+
+let AtRule = require('./at-rule')
+let Comment = require('./comment')
+let Declaration = require('./declaration')
+let Root = require('./root')
+let Rule = require('./rule')
+let tokenizer = require('./tokenize')
+
+const SAFE_COMMENT_NEIGHBOR = {
+  empty: true,
+  space: true
+}
 
-                case '}':
-                    this.end(token);
-                    break;
+function findLastWithPosition(tokens) {
+  for (let i = tokens.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
+    let token = tokens[i]
+    let pos = token[3] || token[2]
+    if (pos) return pos
+  }
+}
 
-                case 'comment':
-                    this.comment(token);
-                    break;
+function tokensToString(tokens, from, to) {
+  let result = ''
+  for (let i = from; i < to; i++) result += tokens[i][1]
+  return result
+}
 
-                case 'at-word':
-                    this.atrule(token);
-                    break;
+class Parser {
+  constructor(input) {
+    this.input = input
 
-                case '{':
-                    this.emptyRule(token);
-                    break;
+    this.root = new Root()
+    this.current = this.root
+    this.spaces = ''
+    this.semicolon = false
 
-                default:
-                    this.spaces += token[1];
-                    break;
-            }
+    this.createTokenizer()
+    this.root.source = { input, start: { column: 1, line: 1, offset: 0 } }
+  }
 
-            this.pos += 1;
-        }
-        this.endFile();
+  atrule(token) {
+    let node = new AtRule()
+    node.name = token[1].slice(1)
+    if (node.name === '') {
+      this.unnamedAtrule(node, token)
     }
-
-    comment(token) {
-        var node = new Comment();
-        this.init(node, token[2], token[3]);
-        node.source.end = { line: token[4], column: token[5] };
-
-        var text = token[1].slice(2, -2);
-        if ( text.match(/^\s*$/) ) {
-            node.left  = text;
-            node.text  = '';
-            node.right = '';
+    this.init(node, token[2])
+
+    let type
+    let prev
+    let shift
+    let last = false
+    let open = false
+    let params = []
+    let brackets = []
+
+    while (!this.tokenizer.endOfFile()) {
+      token = this.tokenizer.nextToken()
+      type = token[0]
+
+      if (type === '(' || type === '[') {
+        brackets.push(type === '(' ? ')' : ']')
+      } else if (type === '{' && brackets.length > 0) {
+        brackets.push('}')
+      } else if (type === brackets[brackets.length - 1]) {
+        brackets.pop()
+      }
+
+      if (brackets.length === 0) {
+        if (type === ';') {
+          node.source.end = this.getPosition(token[2])
+          node.source.end.offset++
+          this.semicolon = true
+          break
+        } else if (type === '{') {
+          open = true
+          break
+        } else if (type === '}') {
+          if (params.length > 0) {
+            shift = params.length - 1
+            prev = params[shift]
+            while (prev && prev[0] === 'space') {
+              prev = params[--shift]
+            }
+            if (prev) {
+              node.source.end = this.getPosition(prev[3] || prev[2])
+              node.source.end.offset++
+            }
+          }
+          this.end(token)
+          break
         } else {
-            var match = text.match(/^(\s*)([^]*[^\s])(\s*)$/);
-            node.left  = match[1];
-            node.text  = match[2];
-            node.right = match[3];
+          params.push(token)
         }
+      } else {
+        params.push(token)
+      }
+
+      if (this.tokenizer.endOfFile()) {
+        last = true
+        break
+      }
     }
 
-    emptyRule(token) {
-        var node = new Rule();
-        this.init(node, token[2], token[3]);
-        node.between  = '';
-        node.selector = '';
-        this.current = node;
+    node.raws.between = this.spacesAndCommentsFromEnd(params)
+    if (params.length) {
+      node.raws.afterName = this.spacesAndCommentsFromStart(params)
+      this.raw(node, 'params', params)
+      if (last) {
+        token = params[params.length - 1]
+        node.source.end = this.getPosition(token[3] || token[2])
+        node.source.end.offset++
+        this.spaces = node.raws.between
+        node.raws.between = ''
+      }
+    } else {
+      node.raws.afterName = ''
+      node.params = ''
     }
 
-    word() {
-        var token;
-        var end      = false;
-        var type     = null;
-        var colon    = false;
-        var bracket  = null;
-        var brackets = 0;
-
-        var start = this.pos;
-        this.pos += 1;
-        while ( true ) {
-            token = this.tokens[this.pos];
-            if ( !token ) {
-                this.pos -= 1;
-                end = true;
-                break;
-            }
-
-            type = token[0];
-            if ( type == '(' ) {
-                if ( !bracket ) bracket = token;
-                brackets += 1;
-
-            } else if ( type == ')' ) {
-                brackets -= 1;
-                if ( brackets === 0 ) bracket = null;
-
-            } else if ( brackets === 0 ) {
-                if ( type == ';' ) {
-                    if ( colon ) {
-                        this.decl(this.tokens.slice(start, this.pos + 1));
-                        return;
-                    } else {
-                        break;
-                    }
-
-                } else if ( type == '{' ) {
-                    this.rule(this.tokens.slice(start, this.pos + 1));
-                    return;
-
-                } else if ( type == '}' ) {
-                    this.pos -= 1;
-                    end = true;
-                    break;
-
-                } else if ( type == 'at-word' ) {
-                    this.pos -= 1;
-                    break;
-
-                } else {
-                    if ( type == ':' ) colon = true;
-                }
-            }
-
-            this.pos += 1;
-        }
-
-        if ( brackets > 0 && !this.input.safe ) {
-            throw this.input.error('Unclosed bracket', bracket[2], bracket[3]);
-        }
-
-        if ( end && colon ) {
-            while ( this.pos > start ) {
-                token = this.tokens[this.pos][0];
-                if ( token != 'space' && token != 'comment' ) break;
-                this.pos -= 1;
-            }
-            this.decl(this.tokens.slice(start, this.pos + 1));
-            return;
-        }
-
-        if ( this.input.safe ) {
-            var buffer   = this.tokens.slice(start, this.pos + 1);
-            this.spaces += buffer.map(i => i[1]).join('');
+    if (open) {
+      node.nodes = []
+      this.current = node
+    }
+  }
+
+  checkMissedSemicolon(tokens) {
+    let colon = this.colon(tokens)
+    if (colon === false) return
+
+    let founded = 0
+    let token
+    for (let j = colon - 1; j >= 0; j--) {
+      token = tokens[j]
+      if (token[0] !== 'space') {
+        founded += 1
+        if (founded === 2) break
+      }
+    }
+    // If the token is a word, e.g. `!important`, `red` or any other valid
+    // property's value. Then we need to return the colon after that word
+    // token. [3] is the "end" colon of that word. And because we need it
+    // after that one we do +1 to get the next one.
+    throw this.input.error(
+      'Missed semicolon',
+      token[0] === 'word' ? token[3] + 1 : token[2]
+    )
+  }
+
+  colon(tokens) {
+    let brackets = 0
+    let prev, token, type
+    for (let [i, element] of tokens.entries()) {
+      token = element
+      type = token[0]
+
+      if (type === '(') {
+        brackets += 1
+      }
+      if (type === ')') {
+        brackets -= 1
+      }
+      if (brackets === 0 && type === ':') {
+        if (!prev) {
+          this.doubleColon(token)
+        } else if (prev[0] === 'word' && prev[1] === 'progid') {
+          continue
         } else {
-            token = this.tokens[start];
-            throw this.input.error('Unknown word', token[2], token[3]);
+          return i
         }
+      }
+
+      prev = token
     }
+    return false
+  }
+
+  comment(token) {
+    let node = new Comment()
+    this.init(node, token[2])
+    node.source.end = this.getPosition(token[3] || token[2])
+    node.source.end.offset++
+
+    let text = token[1].slice(2, -2)
+    if (!text.trim()) {
+      node.text = ''
+      node.raws.left = text
+      node.raws.right = ''
+    } else {
+      let match = text.match(/^(\s*)([^]*\S)(\s*)$/)
+      node.text = match[2]
+      node.raws.left = match[1]
+      node.raws.right = match[3]
+    }
+  }
 
-    rule(tokens) {
-        tokens.pop();
+  createTokenizer() {
+    this.tokenizer = tokenizer(this.input)
+  }
 
-        var node = new Rule();
-        this.init(node, tokens[0][2], tokens[0][3]);
+  decl(tokens, customProperty) {
+    let node = new Declaration()
+    this.init(node, tokens[0][2])
 
-        node.between = this.spacesFromEnd(tokens);
-        this.raw(node, 'selector', tokens);
-        this.current = node;
+    let last = tokens[tokens.length - 1]
+    if (last[0] === ';') {
+      this.semicolon = true
+      tokens.pop()
     }
 
-    decl(tokens) {
-        var node = new Declaration();
-        this.init(node);
+    node.source.end = this.getPosition(
+      last[3] || last[2] || findLastWithPosition(tokens)
+    )
+    node.source.end.offset++
 
-        var last = tokens[ tokens.length - 1 ];
-        if ( last[0] == ';' ) {
-            this.semicolon = true;
-            tokens.pop();
-        }
-        if ( last[4] ) {
-            node.source.end = { line: last[4], column: last[5] };
-        } else {
-            node.source.end = { line: last[2], column: last[3] };
-        }
+    let start = 0
+    while (tokens[start][0] !== 'word') {
+      if (start === tokens.length - 1) this.unknownWord([tokens[start]])
+      start++
+    }
+    node.raws.before += tokensToString(tokens, 0, start)
+    node.source.start = this.getPosition(tokens[start][2])
+
+    let propStart = start
+    while (start < tokens.length) {
+      let type = tokens[start][0]
+      if (type === ':' || type === 'space' || type === 'comment') {
+        break
+      }
+      start++
+    }
+    node.prop = tokensToString(tokens, propStart, start)
+
+    let betweenStart = start
+    let token
+    while (start < tokens.length) {
+      token = tokens[start]
+      start++
+      if (token[0] === ':') break
+      if (token[0] === 'word' && /\w/.test(token[1])) {
+        this.unknownWord([token])
+      }
+    }
+    node.raws.between = tokensToString(tokens, betweenStart, start)
 
-        while ( tokens[0][0] != 'word' ) {
-            node.before += tokens.shift()[1];
-        }
-        node.source.start = { line: tokens[0][2], column: tokens[0][3] };
-
-        node.prop    = tokens.shift()[1];
-        node.between = '';
-
-        var token;
-        while ( tokens.length ) {
-            token = tokens.shift();
-
-            if ( token[0] == ':' ) {
-                node.between += token[1];
-                break;
-            } else if ( token[0] != 'space' && token[0] != 'comment' ) {
-                this.unknownWord(node, token, tokens);
-            } else {
-                node.between += token[1];
-            }
-        }
+    if (node.prop[0] === '_' || node.prop[0] === '*') {
+      node.raws.before += node.prop[0]
+      node.prop = node.prop.slice(1)
+    }
 
-        if ( node.prop[0] == '_' || node.prop[0] == '*' ) {
-            node.before += node.prop[0];
-            node.prop    = node.prop.slice(1);
+    let firstSpacesStart = start
+    while (start < tokens.length) {
+      let next = tokens[start][0]
+      if (next !== 'space' && next !== 'comment') break
+      start++
+    }
+    let firstSpaces = tokens.slice(firstSpacesStart, start)
+
+    tokens = tokens.slice(start)
+
+    this.precheckMissedSemicolon(tokens)
+
+    for (let i = tokens.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
+      token = tokens[i]
+      if (token[1].toLowerCase() === '!important') {
+        node.important = true
+        let string = this.stringFrom(tokens, i)
+        string = this.spacesFromEnd(tokens) + string
+        if (string !== ' !important') node.raws.important = string
+        break
+      } else if (token[1].toLowerCase() === 'important') {
+        let cache = tokens.slice(0)
+        let str = ''
+        for (let j = i; j > 0; j--) {
+          let type = cache[j][0]
+          if (str.trim().startsWith('!') && type !== 'space') {
+            break
+          }
+          str = cache.pop()[1] + str
         }
-        node.between += this.spacesFromStart(tokens);
-
-        if ( this.input.safe ) this.checkMissedSemicolon(tokens);
-
-        for ( var i = tokens.length - 1; i > 0; i-- ) {
-            token = tokens[i];
-            if ( token[1] == '!important' ) {
-                node.important = true;
-                var string = this.stringFrom(tokens, i);
-                string = this.spacesFromEnd(tokens) + string;
-                if ( string != ' !important' ) node._important = string;
-                break;
-            } else if ( token[0] != 'space' && token[0] != 'comment' ) {
-                break;
-            }
+        if (str.trim().startsWith('!')) {
+          node.important = true
+          node.raws.important = str
+          tokens = cache
         }
+      }
 
-        this.raw(node, 'value', tokens);
-
-        if ( node.value.indexOf(':') != -1 && !this.input.safe ) {
-            this.checkMissedSemicolon(tokens);
-        }
+      if (token[0] !== 'space' && token[0] !== 'comment') {
+        break
+      }
     }
 
-    atrule(token) {
-        var node  = new AtRule();
-        node.name = token[1].slice(1);
-        if ( node.name === '' ) {
-            if ( this.input.safe ) {
-                node.name = '';
-            } else {
-                throw this.input.error(
-                    'At-rule without name', token[2], token[3]);
-            }
-        }
-        this.init(node, token[2], token[3]);
-
-        var next;
-        var last   = false;
-        var open   = false;
-        var params = [];
-        while ( true ) {
-            this.pos += 1;
-            token = this.tokens[this.pos];
-
-            if ( !token ) {
-                last = true;
-                break;
-            } else if ( token[0] == ';' ) {
-                node.source.end = { line: token[2], column: token[3] };
-                this.semicolon = true;
-                break;
-            } else if ( token[0] == '{' ) {
-                open = true;
-                break;
-            } else {
-                params.push(token);
-            }
-        }
+    let hasWord = tokens.some(i => i[0] !== 'space' && i[0] !== 'comment')
 
-        node.between = this.spacesFromEnd(params);
-        if ( params.length ) {
-            node.afterName = this.spacesFromStart(params);
-            this.raw(node, 'params', params);
-            if ( last ) {
-                token = params[ params.length - 1 ];
-                node.source.end = { line: token[4], column: token[5] };
-                this.spaces     = node.between;
-                node.between    = '';
-            }
-        } else {
-            node.afterName = '';
-            node.params    = '';
-        }
-
-        if ( open ) {
-            node.nodes  = [];
-            this.current = node;
-        }
+    if (hasWord) {
+      node.raws.between += firstSpaces.map(i => i[1]).join('')
+      firstSpaces = []
     }
+    this.raw(node, 'value', firstSpaces.concat(tokens), customProperty)
 
-    end(token) {
-        if ( this.current.nodes && this.current.nodes.length ) {
-            this.current.semicolon = this.semicolon;
-        }
-        this.semicolon = false;
+    if (node.value.includes(':') && !customProperty) {
+      this.checkMissedSemicolon(tokens)
+    }
+  }
+
+  doubleColon(token) {
+    throw this.input.error(
+      'Double colon',
+      { offset: token[2] },
+      { offset: token[2] + token[1].length }
+    )
+  }
+
+  emptyRule(token) {
+    let node = new Rule()
+    this.init(node, token[2])
+    node.selector = ''
+    node.raws.between = ''
+    this.current = node
+  }
+
+  end(token) {
+    if (this.current.nodes && this.current.nodes.length) {
+      this.current.raws.semicolon = this.semicolon
+    }
+    this.semicolon = false
 
-        this.current.after = (this.current.after || '') + this.spaces;
-        this.spaces = '';
+    this.current.raws.after = (this.current.raws.after || '') + this.spaces
+    this.spaces = ''
 
-        if ( this.current.parent ) {
-            this.current.source.end = { line: token[2], column: token[3] };
-            this.current = this.current.parent;
-        } else if ( !this.input.safe ) {
-            throw this.input.error('Unexpected }', token[2], token[3]);
-        } else {
-            this.current.after += '}';
-        }
+    if (this.current.parent) {
+      this.current.source.end = this.getPosition(token[2])
+      this.current.source.end.offset++
+      this.current = this.current.parent
+    } else {
+      this.unexpectedClose(token)
     }
+  }
 
-    endFile() {
-        if ( this.current.parent && !this.input.safe ) {
-            var pos = this.current.source.start;
-            throw this.input.error('Unclosed block', pos.line, pos.column);
-        }
+  endFile() {
+    if (this.current.parent) this.unclosedBlock()
+    if (this.current.nodes && this.current.nodes.length) {
+      this.current.raws.semicolon = this.semicolon
+    }
+    this.current.raws.after = (this.current.raws.after || '') + this.spaces
+    this.root.source.end = this.getPosition(this.tokenizer.position())
+  }
+
+  freeSemicolon(token) {
+    this.spaces += token[1]
+    if (this.current.nodes) {
+      let prev = this.current.nodes[this.current.nodes.length - 1]
+      if (prev && prev.type === 'rule' && !prev.raws.ownSemicolon) {
+        prev.raws.ownSemicolon = this.spaces
+        this.spaces = ''
+        // `ownSemicolon` also holds the spaces before the semicolon, but
+        // the position above is the semicolon itself, so the node ends
+        // right after it.
+        prev.source.end = this.getPosition(token[2])
+        prev.source.end.offset++
+      }
+    }
+  }
 
-        if ( this.current.nodes && this.current.nodes.length ) {
-            this.current.semicolon = this.semicolon;
-        }
-        this.current.after = (this.current.after || '') + this.spaces;
+  // Helpers
 
-        while ( this.current.parent ) {
-            this.current = this.current.parent;
-            this.current.after = '';
-        }
+  getPosition(offset) {
+    let pos = this.input.fromOffset(offset)
+    return {
+      column: pos.col,
+      line: pos.line,
+      offset
     }
+  }
 
-    unknownWord(node, token) {
-        if ( this.input.safe ) {
-            node.source.start = { line: token[2], column: token[3] };
-            node.before += node.prop + node.between;
-            node.prop    = token[1];
-            node.between = '';
-        } else {
-            throw this.input.error('Unknown word', token[2], token[3]);
+  init(node, offset) {
+    this.current.push(node)
+    node.source = {
+      input: this.input,
+      start: this.getPosition(offset)
+    }
+    node.raws.before = this.spaces
+    this.spaces = ''
+    if (node.type !== 'comment') this.semicolon = false
+  }
+
+  other(start) {
+    let end = false
+    let type = null
+    let colon = false
+    let bracket = null
+    let brackets = []
+    let customProperty = start[1].startsWith('--')
+
+    let tokens = []
+    let token = start
+    while (token) {
+      type = token[0]
+      tokens.push(token)
+
+      if (type === '(' || type === '[') {
+        if (!bracket) bracket = token
+        brackets.push(type === '(' ? ')' : ']')
+      } else if (customProperty && colon && type === '{') {
+        if (!bracket) bracket = token
+        brackets.push('}')
+      } else if (brackets.length === 0) {
+        if (type === ';') {
+          if (colon) {
+            this.decl(tokens, customProperty)
+            return
+          } else {
+            break
+          }
+        } else if (type === '{') {
+          this.rule(tokens)
+          return
+        } else if (type === '}') {
+          this.tokenizer.back(tokens.pop())
+          end = true
+          break
+        } else if (type === ':') {
+          colon = true
         }
+      } else if (type === brackets[brackets.length - 1]) {
+        brackets.pop()
+        if (brackets.length === 0) bracket = null
+      }
+
+      token = this.tokenizer.nextToken()
     }
 
-    checkMissedSemicolon(tokens) {
-        var prev     = null;
-        var colon    = false;
-        var brackets = 0;
-        var type, token;
-        for ( var i = 0; i < tokens.length; i++ ) {
-            token = tokens[i];
-            type  = token[0];
-
-            if ( type == '(' ) {
-                brackets += 1;
-            } else if ( type == ')' ) {
-                brackets -= 0;
-            } else if ( brackets === 0 && type == ':' ) {
-                if ( prev[0] == 'word' && prev[1] == 'progid' ) {
-                    continue;
-                } else {
-                    colon = i;
-                    break;
-                }
-            }
+    if (this.tokenizer.endOfFile()) end = true
+    if (brackets.length > 0) this.unclosedBracket(bracket)
 
-            prev = token;
+    if (end && colon) {
+      if (!customProperty) {
+        while (tokens.length) {
+          token = tokens[tokens.length - 1][0]
+          if (token !== 'space' && token !== 'comment') break
+          this.tokenizer.back(tokens.pop())
         }
-
-        if ( colon === false ) return;
-
-        if ( this.input.safe ) {
-            var split;
-            for ( split = colon - 1; split >= 0; split-- ) {
-                if ( tokens[split][0] == 'word' ) break;
-            }
-            for ( split -= 1; split >= 0; split-- ) {
-                if ( tokens[split][0] != 'space' ) {
-                    split += 1;
-                    break;
-                }
-            }
-            var other = tokens.splice(split, tokens.length - split);
-            this.decl(other);
+      }
+      this.decl(tokens, customProperty)
+    } else {
+      this.unknownWord(tokens)
+    }
+  }
+
+  parse() {
+    let token
+    while (!this.tokenizer.endOfFile()) {
+      token = this.tokenizer.nextToken()
+
+      switch (token[0]) {
+        case 'space':
+          this.spaces += token[1]
+          break
+
+        case ';':
+          this.freeSemicolon(token)
+          break
+
+        case '}':
+          this.end(token)
+          break
+
+        case 'comment':
+          this.comment(token)
+          break
+
+        case 'at-word':
+          this.atrule(token)
+          break
+
+        case '{':
+          this.emptyRule(token)
+          break
+
+        default:
+          this.other(token)
+          break
+      }
+    }
+    this.endFile()
+  }
+
+  precheckMissedSemicolon(/* tokens */) {
+    // Hook for Safe Parser
+  }
+
+  raw(node, prop, tokens, customProperty) {
+    let token, type
+    let length = tokens.length
+    let value = ''
+    let clean = true
+    let next, prev
+
+    for (let i = 0; i < length; i += 1) {
+      token = tokens[i]
+      type = token[0]
+      if (type === 'space' && i === length - 1 && !customProperty) {
+        clean = false
+      } else if (type === 'comment') {
+        prev = tokens[i - 1] ? tokens[i - 1][0] : 'empty'
+        next = tokens[i + 1] ? tokens[i + 1][0] : 'empty'
+        if (!SAFE_COMMENT_NEIGHBOR[prev] && !SAFE_COMMENT_NEIGHBOR[next]) {
+          if (value.slice(-1) === ',') {
+            clean = false
+          } else {
+            value += token[1]
+          }
         } else {
-            var founded = 0;
-            for ( var j = colon - 1; j >= 0; j-- ) {
-                token = tokens[j];
-                if ( token[0] != 'space' ) {
-                    founded += 1;
-                    if ( founded == 2 ) break;
-                }
-            }
-            throw this.input.error('Missed semicolon', token[4], token[5]);
+          clean = false
         }
+      } else {
+        value += token[1]
+      }
     }
-
-    // Helpers
-
-    init(node, line, column) {
-        this.current.push(node);
-
-        node.source = { start: { line, column }, input: this.input };
-        node.before = this.spaces;
-        this.spaces = '';
-        if ( node.type != 'comment' ) this.semicolon = false;
+    if (!clean) {
+      let raw = tokens.reduce((all, i) => all + i[1], '')
+      node.raws[prop] = { raw, value }
     }
-
-    raw(node, prop, tokens) {
-        var token;
-        var value = '';
-        var clean = true;
-        for ( token of tokens ) {
-            if ( token[0] == 'comment' ) {
-                clean = false;
-            } else {
-                value += token[1];
-            }
-        }
-        if ( !clean ) {
-            var origin = '';
-            for ( token of tokens ) origin += token[1];
-            node['_' + prop] = { value: value, raw: origin };
-        }
-        node[prop] = value;
+    node[prop] = value
+  }
+
+  rule(tokens) {
+    tokens.pop()
+
+    let node = new Rule()
+    this.init(node, tokens[0][2])
+
+    node.raws.between = this.spacesAndCommentsFromEnd(tokens)
+    this.raw(node, 'selector', tokens)
+    this.current = node
+  }
+
+  spacesAndCommentsFromEnd(tokens) {
+    let lastTokenType
+    let spaces = ''
+    while (tokens.length) {
+      lastTokenType = tokens[tokens.length - 1][0]
+      if (lastTokenType !== 'space' && lastTokenType !== 'comment') break
+      spaces = tokens.pop()[1] + spaces
     }
-
-    spacesFromEnd(tokens) {
-        var next;
-        var spaces = '';
-        while ( tokens.length ) {
-            next = tokens[ tokens.length - 1 ][0];
-            if ( next != 'space' && next != 'comment' ) break;
-            spaces += tokens.pop()[1];
-        }
-        return spaces;
+    return spaces
+  }
+
+  // Errors
+
+  spacesAndCommentsFromStart(tokens) {
+    let next
+    let spaces = ''
+    while (tokens.length) {
+      next = tokens[0][0]
+      if (next !== 'space' && next !== 'comment') break
+      spaces += tokens.shift()[1]
     }
-
-    spacesFromStart(tokens) {
-        var next;
-        var spaces = '';
-        while ( tokens.length ) {
-            next = tokens[0][0];
-            if ( next != 'space' && next != 'comment' ) break;
-            spaces += tokens.shift()[1];
-        }
-        return spaces;
+    return spaces
+  }
+
+  spacesFromEnd(tokens) {
+    let lastTokenType
+    let spaces = ''
+    while (tokens.length) {
+      lastTokenType = tokens[tokens.length - 1][0]
+      if (lastTokenType !== 'space') break
+      spaces = tokens.pop()[1] + spaces
     }
+    return spaces
+  }
 
-    stringFrom(tokens, from) {
-        var result = '';
-        for ( var i = from; i < tokens.length; i++ ) {
-            result += tokens[i][1];
-        }
-        tokens.splice(from, tokens.length - from);
-        return result;
+  stringFrom(tokens, from) {
+    let result = ''
+    for (let i = from; i < tokens.length; i++) {
+      result += tokens[i][1]
     }
+    tokens.splice(from, tokens.length - from)
+    return result
+  }
+
+  unclosedBlock() {
+    let pos = this.current.source.start
+    throw this.input.error('Unclosed block', pos.line, pos.column)
+  }
+
+  unclosedBracket(bracket) {
+    throw this.input.error(
+      'Unclosed bracket',
+      { offset: bracket[2] },
+      { offset: bracket[2] + 1 }
+    )
+  }
+
+  unexpectedClose(token) {
+    throw this.input.error(
+      'Unexpected }',
+      { offset: token[2] },
+      { offset: token[2] + 1 }
+    )
+  }
+
+  unknownWord(tokens) {
+    throw this.input.error(
+      'Unknown word ' + tokens[0][1],
+      { offset: tokens[0][2] },
+      { offset: tokens[0][2] + tokens[0][1].length }
+    )
+  }
+
+  unnamedAtrule(node, token) {
+    throw this.input.error(
+      'At-rule without name',
+      { offset: token[2] },
+      { offset: token[2] + token[1].length }
+    )
+  }
 }
+
+module.exports = Parser
diff --git a/lib/postcss.d.mts b/lib/postcss.d.mts
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..eaec8681f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/postcss.d.mts
@@ -0,0 +1,66 @@
+export {
+  // Type-only exports
+  AcceptedPlugin,
+  AnyNode,
+  atRule,
+  AtRule,
+  AtRuleProps,
+  Builder,
+  ChildNode,
+  ChildProps,
+  comment,
+  Comment,
+  CommentProps,
+  Container,
+  ContainerProps,
+  CssSyntaxError,
+  decl,
+  Declaration,
+  DeclarationProps,
+  // postcss function / namespace
+  default,
+  document,
+  Document,
+  DocumentProps,
+  FilePosition,
+  fromJSON,
+  Helpers,
+  Input,
+  JSONHydrator,
+  // This is a class, but it’s not re-exported. That’s why it’s exported as type-only here.
+  type LazyResult,
+  list,
+  Message,
+  Node,
+  NodeErrorOptions,
+  NodeProps,
+  OldPlugin,
+  parse,
+  Parser,
+  // @ts-expect-error This value exists, but it’s untyped.
+  plugin,
+  Plugin,
+  PluginCreator,
+  Position,
+  Postcss,
+  ProcessOptions,
+  Processor,
+  Result,
+  root,
+  Root,
+  RootProps,
+  rule,
+  Rule,
+  RuleProps,
+  Source,
+  SourceMap,
+  SourceMapOptions,
+  Stringifier,
+  // Value exports from postcss.mjs
+  stringify,
+  Syntax,
+  TransformCallback,
+  Transformer,
+  Warning,
+  WarningOptions
+} from './postcss.js'
diff --git a/lib/postcss.d.ts b/lib/postcss.d.ts
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..41bf40f9b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/postcss.d.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,464 @@
+import { RawSourceMap, SourceMapGenerator } from 'source-map-js'
+
+import AtRule, { AtRuleProps } from './at-rule.js'
+import Comment, { CommentProps } from './comment.js'
+import Container, { ContainerProps, NewChild } from './container.js'
+import CssSyntaxError from './css-syntax-error.js'
+import Declaration, { DeclarationProps } from './declaration.js'
+import Document, { DocumentProps } from './document.js'
+import Input, { FilePosition } from './input.js'
+import LazyResult from './lazy-result.js'
+import list from './list.js'
+import Node, {
+  AnyNode,
+  ChildNode,
+  ChildProps,
+  NodeErrorOptions,
+  NodeProps,
+  Position,
+  Source
+} from './node.js'
+import Processor from './processor.js'
+import Result, { Message } from './result.js'
+import Root, { RootProps } from './root.js'
+import Rule, { RuleProps } from './rule.js'
+import Warning, { WarningOptions } from './warning.js'
+
+type DocumentProcessor = (
+  document: Document,
+  helper: postcss.Helpers
+) => Promise<void> | void
+type RootProcessor = (
+  root: Root,
+  helper: postcss.Helpers
+) => Promise<void> | void
+type DeclarationProcessor = (
+  decl: Declaration,
+  helper: postcss.Helpers
+) => Promise<void> | void
+type RuleProcessor = (
+  rule: Rule,
+  helper: postcss.Helpers
+) => Promise<void> | void
+type AtRuleProcessor = (
+  atRule: AtRule,
+  helper: postcss.Helpers
+) => Promise<void> | void
+type CommentProcessor = (
+  comment: Comment,
+  helper: postcss.Helpers
+) => Promise<void> | void
+
+interface Processors {
+  /**
+   * Will be called on all`AtRule` nodes.
+   *
+   * Will be called again on node or children changes.
+   */
+  AtRule?: { [name: string]: AtRuleProcessor } | AtRuleProcessor
+
+  /**
+   * Will be called on all `AtRule` nodes, when all children will be processed.
+   *
+   * Will be called again on node or children changes.
+   */
+  AtRuleExit?: { [name: string]: AtRuleProcessor } | AtRuleProcessor
+
+  /**
+   * Will be called on all `Comment` nodes.
+   *
+   * Will be called again on node or children changes.
+   */
+  Comment?: CommentProcessor
+
+  /**
+   * Will be called on all `Comment` nodes after listeners
+   * for `Comment` event.
+   *
+   * Will be called again on node or children changes.
+   */
+  CommentExit?: CommentProcessor
+
+  /**
+   * Will be called on all `Declaration` nodes after listeners
+   * for `Declaration` event.
+   *
+   * Will be called again on node or children changes.
+   */
+  Declaration?: { [prop: string]: DeclarationProcessor } | DeclarationProcessor
+
+  /**
+   * Will be called on all `Declaration` nodes.
+   *
+   * Will be called again on node or children changes.
+   */
+  DeclarationExit?:
+    | { [prop: string]: DeclarationProcessor }
+    | DeclarationProcessor
+
+  /**
+   * Will be called on `Document` node.
+   *
+   * Will be called again on children changes.
+   */
+  Document?: DocumentProcessor
+
+  /**
+   * Will be called on `Document` node, when all children will be processed.
+   *
+   * Will be called again on children changes.
+   */
+  DocumentExit?: DocumentProcessor
+
+  /**
+   * Will be called on `Root` node once.
+   */
+  Once?: RootProcessor
+
+  /**
+   * Will be called on `Root` node once, when all children will be processed.
+   */
+  OnceExit?: RootProcessor
+
+  /**
+   * Will be called on `Root` node.
+   *
+   * Will be called again on children changes.
+   */
+  Root?: RootProcessor
+
+  /**
+   * Will be called on `Root` node, when all children will be processed.
+   *
+   * Will be called again on children changes.
+   */
+  RootExit?: RootProcessor
+
+  /**
+   * Will be called on all `Rule` nodes.
+   *
+   * Will be called again on node or children changes.
+   */
+  Rule?: RuleProcessor
+
+  /**
+   * Will be called on all `Rule` nodes, when all children will be processed.
+   *
+   * Will be called again on node or children changes.
+   */
+  RuleExit?: RuleProcessor
+}
+
+declare namespace postcss {
+  export {
+    AnyNode,
+    AtRule,
+    AtRuleProps,
+    ChildNode,
+    ChildProps,
+    Comment,
+    CommentProps,
+    Container,
+    ContainerProps,
+    CssSyntaxError,
+    Declaration,
+    DeclarationProps,
+    Document,
+    DocumentProps,
+    FilePosition,
+    Input,
+    LazyResult,
+    list,
+    Message,
+    NewChild,
+    Node,
+    NodeErrorOptions,
+    NodeProps,
+    Position,
+    Processor,
+    Result,
+    Root,
+    RootProps,
+    Rule,
+    RuleProps,
+    Source,
+    Warning,
+    WarningOptions
+  }
+
+  export type SourceMap = {
+    toJSON(): RawSourceMap
+  } & SourceMapGenerator
+
+  export type Helpers = { postcss: Postcss; result: Result } & Postcss
+
+  export interface Plugin extends Processors {
+    postcssPlugin: string
+    prepare?: (result: Result) => Processors
+  }
+
+  export interface PluginCreator<PluginOptions> {
+    (opts?: PluginOptions): Plugin | Processor
+    postcss: true
+  }
+
+  export interface Transformer extends TransformCallback {
+    postcssPlugin: string
+    postcssVersion: string
+  }
+
+  export interface TransformCallback {
+    (root: Root, result: Result): Promise<void> | void
+  }
+
+  export interface OldPlugin<T> extends Transformer {
+    (opts?: T): Transformer
+    postcss: Transformer
+  }
+
+  export type AcceptedPlugin =
+    | {
+        postcss: Processor | TransformCallback
+      }
+    | OldPlugin<any>
+    | Plugin
+    | PluginCreator<any>
+    | Processor
+    | TransformCallback
+
+  export interface Parser<RootNode = Document | Root> {
+    (
+      css: { toString(): string } | string,
+      opts?: Pick<ProcessOptions, 'document' | 'from' | 'map' | 'unsafeMap'>
+    ): RootNode
+  }
+
+  export interface Builder {
+    (part: string, node?: AnyNode, type?: 'end' | 'start'): void
+  }
+
+  export interface Stringifier {
+    (node: AnyNode, builder: Builder): void
+  }
+
+  export interface JSONHydrator {
+    (data: object): Node
+    (data: object[]): Node[]
+  }
+
+  export interface Syntax<RootNode = Document | Root> {
+    /**
+     * Function to generate AST by string.
+     */
+    parse?: Parser<RootNode>
+
+    /**
+     * Class to generate string by AST.
+     */
+    stringify?: Stringifier
+  }
+
+  export interface SourceMapOptions {
+    /**
+     * Use absolute path in generated source map.
+     */
+    absolute?: boolean
+
+    /**
+     * Indicates that PostCSS should add annotation comments to the CSS.
+     * By default, PostCSS will always add a comment with a path
+     * to the source map. PostCSS will not add annotations to CSS files
+     * that do not contain any comments.
+     *
+     * By default, PostCSS presumes that you want to save the source map as
+     * `opts.to + '.map'` and will use this path in the annotation comment.
+     * A different path can be set by providing a string value for annotation.
+     *
+     * If you have set `inline: true`, annotation cannot be disabled.
+     */
+    annotation?: ((file: string, root: Root) => string) | boolean | string
+
+    /**
+     * Override `from` in map’s sources.
+     */
+    from?: string
+
+    /**
+     * Indicates that the source map should be embedded in the output CSS
+     * as a Base64-encoded comment. By default, it is `true`.
+     * But if all previous maps are external, not inline, PostCSS will not embed
+     * the map even if you do not set this option.
+     *
+     * If you have an inline source map, the result.map property will be empty,
+     * as the source map will be contained within the text of `result.css`.
+     */
+    inline?: boolean
+
+    /**
+     * Source map content from a previous processing step (e.g., Sass).
+     *
+     * PostCSS will try to read the previous source map
+     * automatically (based on comments within the source CSS), but you can use
+     * this option to identify it manually.
+     *
+     * If desired, you can omit the previous map with prev: `false`.
+     */
+    prev?: ((file: string) => string) | boolean | object | string
+
+    /**
+     * Indicates that PostCSS should set the origin content (e.g., Sass source)
+     * of the source map. By default, it is true. But if all previous maps do not
+     * contain sources content, PostCSS will also leave it out even if you
+     * do not set this option.
+     */
+    sourcesContent?: boolean
+  }
+
+  export interface ProcessOptions<RootNode = Document | Root> {
+    /**
+     * Input file if it is not simple CSS file, but HTML with <style> or JS with CSS-in-JS blocks.
+     */
+    document?: string
+
+    /**
+     * The path of the CSS source file. You should always set `from`,
+     * because it is used in source map generation and syntax error messages.
+     */
+    from?: string | undefined
+
+    /**
+     * Source map options
+     */
+    map?: boolean | SourceMapOptions
+
+    /**
+     * Function to generate AST by string.
+     */
+    parser?: Parser<RootNode> | Syntax<RootNode>
+
+    /**
+     * Class to generate string by AST.
+     */
+    stringifier?: Stringifier | Syntax<RootNode>
+
+    /**
+     * Object with parse and stringify.
+     */
+    syntax?: Syntax<RootNode>
+
+    /**
+     * The path where you'll put the output CSS file. You should always set `to`
+     * to generate correct source maps.
+     */
+    to?: string
+
+    /**
+     * Disable source map file protections.
+     *
+     * By default source map is limited only for `.map` files
+     * in the `from` folder.
+     */
+    unsafeMap?: boolean
+  }
+
+  export type Postcss = typeof postcss
+
+  /**
+   * Default function to convert a node tree into a CSS string.
+   */
+  export let stringify: Stringifier
+
+  /**
+   * Parses source css and returns a new `Root` or `Document` node,
+   * which contains the source CSS nodes.
+   *
+   * ```js
+   * // Simple CSS concatenation with source map support
+   * const root1 = postcss.parse(css1, { from: file1 })
+   * const root2 = postcss.parse(css2, { from: file2 })
+   * root1.append(root2).toResult().css
+   * ```
+   */
+  export let parse: Parser<Root>
+
+  /**
+   * Rehydrate a JSON AST (from `Node#toJSON`) back into the AST classes.
+   *
+   * ```js
+   * const json = root.toJSON()
+   * // save to file, send by network, etc
+   * const root2  = postcss.fromJSON(json)
+   * ```
+   */
+  export let fromJSON: JSONHydrator
+
+  /**
+   * Creates a new `Comment` node.
+   *
+   * @param defaults Properties for the new node.
+   * @return New comment node
+   */
+  export function comment(defaults?: CommentProps): Comment
+
+  /**
+   * Creates a new `AtRule` node.
+   *
+   * @param defaults Properties for the new node.
+   * @return New at-rule node.
+   */
+  export function atRule(defaults?: AtRuleProps): AtRule
+
+  /**
+   * Creates a new `Declaration` node.
+   *
+   * @param defaults Properties for the new node.
+   * @return New declaration node.
+   */
+  export function decl(defaults?: DeclarationProps): Declaration
+
+  /**
+   * Creates a new `Rule` node.
+   *
+   * @param default Properties for the new node.
+   * @return New rule node.
+   */
+  export function rule(defaults?: RuleProps): Rule
+
+  /**
+   * Creates a new `Root` node.
+   *
+   * @param defaults Properties for the new node.
+   * @return New root node.
+   */
+  export function root(defaults?: RootProps): Root
+
+  /**
+   * Creates a new `Document` node.
+   *
+   * @param defaults Properties for the new node.
+   * @return New document node.
+   */
+  export function document(defaults?: DocumentProps): Document
+
+  export { postcss as default }
+}
+
+/**
+ * Create a new `Processor` instance that will apply `plugins`
+ * as CSS processors.
+ *
+ * ```js
+ * let postcss = require('postcss')
+ *
+ * postcss(plugins).process(css, { from, to }).then(result => {
+ *   console.log(result.css)
+ * })
+ * ```
+ *
+ * @param plugins PostCSS plugins.
+ * @return Processor to process multiple CSS.
+ */
+declare function postcss(plugins?: readonly postcss.AcceptedPlugin[]): Processor
+declare function postcss(...plugins: postcss.AcceptedPlugin[]): Processor
+
+export = postcss
diff --git a/lib/postcss.js b/lib/postcss.js
index e189e374c..8f0773b24 100644
--- a/lib/postcss.js
+++ b/lib/postcss.js
@@ -1,92 +1,101 @@
-import Declaration from './declaration';
-import Comment     from './comment';
-import AtRule      from './at-rule';
-import Result      from './result';
-import parse       from './parse';
-import Rule        from './rule';
-import Root        from './root';
+'use strict'
 
-// List of functions to process CSS
-class PostCSS {
-    constructor(plugins = []) {
-        this.plugins = plugins.map( i => this.normalize(i) );
-    }
-
-    // Add function as PostCSS plugins
-    use(plugin) {
-        plugin = this.normalize(plugin);
-        if ( typeof(plugin) == 'object' && Array.isArray(plugin.plugins) ) {
-            this.plugins = this.plugins.concat(plugin.plugins);
-        } else {
-            this.plugins.push(plugin);
-        }
-        return this;
-    }
+let AtRule = require('./at-rule')
+let Comment = require('./comment')
+let Container = require('./container')
+let CssSyntaxError = require('./css-syntax-error')
+let Declaration = require('./declaration')
+let Document = require('./document')
+let fromJSON = require('./fromJSON')
+let Input = require('./input')
+let LazyResult = require('./lazy-result')
+let list = require('./list')
+let Node = require('./node')
+let parse = require('./parse')
+let Processor = require('./processor')
+let Result = require('./result.js')
+let Root = require('./root')
+let Rule = require('./rule')
+let stringify = require('./stringify')
+let Warning = require('./warning')
 
-    // Process CSS throw installed plugins
-    process(css, opts = { }) {
-        var parsed;
-        if ( css instanceof Root ) {
-            parsed = css;
-        } else if ( css instanceof Result ) {
-            parsed = css.root;
-            if ( css.map && typeof(opts.map) == 'undefined' ) {
-                opts.map = { prev: css.map };
-            }
-        } else {
-            parsed = postcss.parse(css, opts);
-        }
-
-        for ( var plugin of this.plugins ) {
-            var returned = plugin(parsed, opts);
-            if ( returned instanceof Root ) parsed = returned;
-        }
+function postcss(...plugins) {
+  if (plugins.length === 1 && Array.isArray(plugins[0])) {
+    plugins = plugins[0]
+  }
+  return new Processor(plugins)
+}
 
-        return parsed.toResult(opts);
+postcss.plugin = function plugin(name, initializer) {
+  let warningPrinted = false
+  function creator(...args) {
+    // eslint-disable-next-line no-console
+    if (console && console.warn && !warningPrinted) {
+      warningPrinted = true
+      // eslint-disable-next-line no-console
+      console.warn(
+        name +
+          ': postcss.plugin was deprecated. Migration guide:\n' +
+          'https://evilmartians.com/chronicles/postcss-8-plugin-migration'
+      )
+      if (process.env.LANG && process.env.LANG.startsWith('cn')) {
+        /* c8 ignore next 7 */
+        // eslint-disable-next-line no-console
+        console.warn(
+          name +
+            ': 里面 postcss.plugin 被弃用. 迁移指南:\n' +
+            'https://www.w3ctech.com/topic/2226'
+        )
+      }
     }
+    let transformer = initializer(...args)
+    transformer.postcssPlugin = name
+    transformer.postcssVersion = new Processor().version
+    return transformer
+  }
 
-    // Return plugin function
-    normalize(plugin) {
-        var type = typeof(plugin);
-        if ( (type == 'object' || type == 'function') && plugin.postcss ) {
-            return plugin.postcss;
-        } else {
-            return plugin;
-        }
+  let cache
+  Object.defineProperty(creator, 'postcss', {
+    get() {
+      if (!cache) cache = creator()
+      return cache
     }
+  })
+
+  creator.process = function (css, processOpts, pluginOpts) {
+    return postcss([creator(pluginOpts)]).process(css, processOpts)
+  }
+
+  return creator
 }
 
-// Framework for CSS postprocessors
-//
-//   var processor = postcss(function (css) {
-//       // Change nodes in css
-//   });
-//   processor.process(css)
-var postcss = function (...plugins) {
-    if ( plugins.length == 1 && Array.isArray(plugins[0]) ) {
-        plugins = plugins[0];
-    }
-    return new PostCSS(plugins);
-};
+postcss.stringify = stringify
+postcss.parse = parse
+postcss.fromJSON = fromJSON
+postcss.list = list
+
+postcss.comment = defaults => new Comment(defaults)
+postcss.atRule = defaults => new AtRule(defaults)
+postcss.decl = defaults => new Declaration(defaults)
+postcss.rule = defaults => new Rule(defaults)
+postcss.root = defaults => new Root(defaults)
+postcss.document = defaults => new Document(defaults)
 
-// Compile CSS to nodes
-postcss.parse = parse;
+postcss.CssSyntaxError = CssSyntaxError
+postcss.Declaration = Declaration
+postcss.Container = Container
+postcss.Processor = Processor
+postcss.Document = Document
+postcss.Comment = Comment
+postcss.Warning = Warning
+postcss.AtRule = AtRule
+postcss.Result = Result
+postcss.Input = Input
+postcss.Rule = Rule
+postcss.Root = Root
+postcss.Node = Node
 
-// Nodes shortcuts
-postcss.comment = function (defaults) {
-    return new Comment(defaults);
-};
-postcss.atRule = function (defaults) {
-    return new AtRule(defaults);
-};
-postcss.decl = function (defaults) {
-    return new Declaration(defaults);
-};
-postcss.rule = function (defaults) {
-    return new Rule(defaults);
-};
-postcss.root = function (defaults) {
-    return new Root(defaults);
-};
+LazyResult.registerPostcss(postcss)
 
-export default postcss;
+module.exports = postcss
+postcss.default = postcss
diff --git a/lib/postcss.mjs b/lib/postcss.mjs
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..35075988c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/postcss.mjs
@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+import postcss from './postcss.js'
+
+export default postcss
+
+export const stringify = postcss.stringify
+export const fromJSON = postcss.fromJSON
+export const plugin = postcss.plugin
+export const parse = postcss.parse
+export const list = postcss.list
+
+export const document = postcss.document
+export const comment = postcss.comment
+export const atRule = postcss.atRule
+export const rule = postcss.rule
+export const decl = postcss.decl
+export const root = postcss.root
+
+export const CssSyntaxError = postcss.CssSyntaxError
+export const Declaration = postcss.Declaration
+export const Container = postcss.Container
+export const Processor = postcss.Processor
+export const Document = postcss.Document
+export const Comment = postcss.Comment
+export const Warning = postcss.Warning
+export const AtRule = postcss.AtRule
+export const Result = postcss.Result
+export const Input = postcss.Input
+export const Rule = postcss.Rule
+export const Root = postcss.Root
+export const Node = postcss.Node
diff --git a/lib/previous-map.d.ts b/lib/previous-map.d.ts
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..a9adb0bd1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/previous-map.d.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,80 @@
+import { SourceMapConsumer } from 'source-map-js'
+
+import { ProcessOptions } from './postcss.js'
+
+declare namespace PreviousMap {
+  export { PreviousMap_ as default }
+}
+
+/**
+ * Source map information from input CSS.
+ * For example, source map after Sass compiler.
+ *
+ * This class will automatically find source map in input CSS or in file system
+ * near input file (according `from` option).
+ *
+ * ```js
+ * const root = parse(css, { from: 'a.sass.css' })
+ * root.input.map //=> PreviousMap
+ * ```
+ */
+declare class PreviousMap_ {
+  /**
+   * `sourceMappingURL` content.
+   */
+  annotation?: string
+
+  /**
+   * The CSS source identifier. Contains `Input#file` if the user
+   * set the `from` option, or `Input#id` if they did not.
+   */
+  file?: string
+
+  /**
+   * Was source map inlined by data-uri to input CSS.
+   */
+  inline: boolean
+
+  /**
+   * Path to source map file.
+   */
+  mapFile?: string
+
+  /**
+   * The directory with source map file, if source map is in separated file.
+   */
+  root?: string
+
+  /**
+   * Source map file content.
+   */
+  text?: string
+
+  /**
+   * @param css  Input CSS source.
+   * @param opts Process options.
+   */
+  constructor(css: string, opts?: ProcessOptions)
+
+  /**
+   * Create a instance of `SourceMapGenerator` class
+   * from the `source-map` library to work with source map information.
+   *
+   * It is lazy method, so it will create object only on first call
+   * and then it will use cache.
+   *
+   * @return Object with source map information.
+   */
+  consumer(): SourceMapConsumer
+
+  /**
+   * Does source map contains `sourcesContent` with input source text.
+   *
+   * @return Is `sourcesContent` present.
+   */
+  withContent(): boolean
+}
+
+declare class PreviousMap extends PreviousMap_ {}
+
+export = PreviousMap
diff --git a/lib/previous-map.js b/lib/previous-map.js
index bc94d4805..34afb8a32 100644
--- a/lib/previous-map.js
+++ b/lib/previous-map.js
@@ -1,91 +1,176 @@
-import { Base64 } from 'js-base64';
-import   mozilla  from 'source-map';
-import   path     from 'path';
-import   fs       from 'fs';
-
-// Detect previous map
-export default class PreviousMap {
-    constructor(css, opts) {
-        this.loadAnnotation(css);
-        this.inline = this.startWith(this.annotation, 'data:');
-
-        var text = this.loadMap(opts.from, opts.map ? opts.map.prev : undefined);
-        if ( text ) this.text = text;
-    }
+'use strict'
 
-    // Return SourceMapConsumer object to read map
-    consumer() {
-        if ( !this.consumerCache ) {
-            this.consumerCache = new mozilla.SourceMapConsumer(this.text);
-        }
-        return this.consumerCache;
+let { existsSync, readFileSync, realpathSync } = require('fs')
+let { dirname, isAbsolute, join, relative, sep } = require('path')
+let { SourceMapConsumer, SourceMapGenerator } = require('source-map-js')
+
+function realPath(path) {
+  try {
+    return realpathSync(path)
+  } catch {
+    // Missing or dangling: keep the literal path. The existsSync() check below
+    // still gates the read, and a path that does not exist cannot escape.
+    return path
+  }
+}
+
+function fromBase64(str) {
+  if (Buffer) {
+    return Buffer.from(str, 'base64').toString()
+  } else {
+    /* c8 ignore next 2 */
+    return window.atob(str)
+  }
+}
+
+class PreviousMap {
+  constructor(css, opts) {
+    if (opts.map === false) return
+    if (opts.unsafeMap) this.unsafeMap = true
+    this.loadAnnotation(css)
+    this.inline = this.startWith(this.annotation, 'data:')
+
+    let prev = opts.map ? opts.map.prev : undefined
+    let text = this.loadMap(opts.from, prev)
+    if (!this.mapFile && opts.from) {
+      this.mapFile = opts.from
     }
+    if (this.mapFile) this.root = dirname(this.mapFile)
+    if (text) this.text = text
+  }
 
-    // Is map has sources content
-    withContent() {
-        return !!(this.consumer().sourcesContent &&
-                  this.consumer().sourcesContent.length > 0);
+  consumer() {
+    if (!this.consumerCache) {
+      this.consumerCache = new SourceMapConsumer(this.json || this.text)
     }
+    return this.consumerCache
+  }
+
+  decodeInline(text) {
+    let baseCharsetUri = /^data:application\/json;charset=utf-?8;base64,/
+    let baseUri = /^data:application\/json;base64,/
+    let charsetUri = /^data:application\/json;charset=utf-?8,/
+    let uri = /^data:application\/json,/
 
-    // Is `string` is starting with `start`
-    startWith(string, start) {
-        if ( !string ) return false;
-        return string.substr(0, start.length) == start;
+    let uriMatch = text.match(charsetUri) || text.match(uri)
+    if (uriMatch) {
+      return decodeURIComponent(text.substr(uriMatch[0].length))
     }
 
-    // Load for annotation comment from previous compilation step
-    loadAnnotation(css) {
-        var match = css.match(/\/\*\s*# sourceMappingURL=(.*)\s*\*\//);
-        if ( match ) this.annotation = match[1].trim();
+    let baseUriMatch = text.match(baseCharsetUri) || text.match(baseUri)
+    if (baseUriMatch) {
+      return fromBase64(text.substr(baseUriMatch[0].length))
     }
 
-    // Encode different type of inline
-    decodeInline(text) {
-        var uri    = 'data:application/json,';
-        var base64 = 'data:application/json;base64,';
+    let encoding = text.slice('data:application/json;'.length)
+    encoding = encoding.slice(0, encoding.indexOf(','))
+    throw new Error('Unsupported source map encoding ' + encoding)
+  }
 
-        if ( this.startWith(text, uri) ) {
-            return decodeURIComponent( text.substr(uri.length) );
+  getAnnotationURL(sourceMapString) {
+    return sourceMapString.replace(/^\/\*\s*# sourceMappingURL=/, '').trim()
+  }
 
-        } else if ( this.startWith(text, base64) ) {
-            return Base64.decode( text.substr(base64.length) );
+  isMap(map) {
+    if (typeof map !== 'object') return false
+    return (
+      typeof map.mappings === 'string' ||
+      typeof map._mappings === 'string' ||
+      Array.isArray(map.sections)
+    )
+  }
 
-        } else {
-            var encoding = text.match(/data:application\/json;([^,]+),/)[1];
-            throw new Error('Unsupported source map encoding ' + encoding);
-        }
+  loadAnnotation(css) {
+    let comments = css.match(/\/\*\s*# sourceMappingURL=/g)
+    if (!comments) return
+
+    // sourceMappingURLs from comments, strings, etc.
+    let start = css.lastIndexOf(comments.pop())
+    let end = css.indexOf('*/', start)
+
+    if (start > -1 && end > -1) {
+      // Locate the last sourceMappingURL to avoid pickin
+      this.annotation = this.getAnnotationURL(css.substring(start, end))
+    }
+  }
+
+  loadFile(path, cssFile, trusted) {
+    if (!trusted && !this.unsafeMap) {
+      if (!/\.map$/i.test(path)) return undefined
+      if (!cssFile) return undefined
+
+      // Compare *resolved* paths: relative() is textual, so without this a
+      // symlink at or below the CSS file's directory points the map outside it.
+      let rel = relative(realPath(dirname(cssFile)), realPath(path))
+      if (rel === '..' || rel.startsWith('..' + sep) || isAbsolute(rel)) {
+        return undefined
+      }
+    }
+    this.root = dirname(path)
+    if (existsSync(path)) {
+      this.mapFile = path
+      return readFileSync(path, 'utf-8').toString().trim()
     }
+  }
 
-    // Load previous map
-    loadMap(file, prev) {
-        if ( prev === false ) return;
-
-        if ( prev ) {
-            if ( typeof(prev) == 'string' ) {
-                return prev;
-            } else if ( prev instanceof mozilla.SourceMapConsumer ) {
-                return mozilla.SourceMapGenerator
-                    .fromSourceMap(prev).toString();
-            } else if ( prev instanceof mozilla.SourceMapGenerator ) {
-                return prev.toString();
-            } else if ( typeof(prev) == 'object' && prev.mappings ) {
-                return JSON.stringify(prev);
-            } else {
-                throw new Error('Unsupported previous source map format: ' +
-                    prev.toString());
-            }
-
-        } else if ( this.inline ) {
-            return this.decodeInline(this.annotation);
-
-        } else if ( this.annotation ) {
-            var map = this.annotation;
-            if ( file ) map = path.join(path.dirname(file), map);
-
-            this.root = path.dirname(map);
-            if ( fs.existsSync && fs.existsSync(map) ) {
-                return fs.readFileSync(map, 'utf-8').toString().trim();
-            }
+  loadMap(file, prev) {
+    if (prev === false) return false
+
+    if (prev) {
+      if (typeof prev === 'string') {
+        return prev
+      } else if (typeof prev === 'function') {
+        let prevPath = prev(file)
+        if (prevPath) {
+          let map = this.loadFile(prevPath, file, true)
+          if (!map) {
+            throw new Error(
+              'Unable to load previous source map: ' + prevPath.toString()
+            )
+          }
+          return map
+        }
+      } else if (prev instanceof SourceMapConsumer) {
+        return SourceMapGenerator.fromSourceMap(prev).toString()
+      } else if (prev instanceof SourceMapGenerator) {
+        return prev.toString()
+      } else if (this.isMap(prev)) {
+        return JSON.stringify(prev)
+      } else {
+        throw new Error(
+          'Unsupported previous source map format: ' + prev.toString()
+        )
+      }
+    } else if (this.inline) {
+      return this.decodeInline(this.annotation)
+    } else if (this.annotation) {
+      let map = this.annotation
+      if (file) map = join(dirname(file), map)
+      let unknown = this.loadFile(map, file, false)
+      if (unknown) {
+        try {
+          /* c8 ignore next 4 */
+          this.json = JSON.parse(unknown.replace(/^\)]}'[^\n]*\n/, ''))
+        } catch {
+          return undefined
         }
+      }
+      return unknown
     }
+  }
+
+  startWith(string, start) {
+    if (!string) return false
+    return string.substr(0, start.length) === start
+  }
+
+  withContent() {
+    return !!(
+      this.consumer().sourcesContent &&
+      this.consumer().sourcesContent.length > 0
+    )
+  }
 }
+
+module.exports = PreviousMap
+PreviousMap.default = PreviousMap
diff --git a/lib/processor.d.ts b/lib/processor.d.ts
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..882595128
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/processor.d.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,114 @@
+import Document from './document.js'
+import LazyResult from './lazy-result.js'
+import NoWorkResult from './no-work-result.js'
+import {
+  AcceptedPlugin,
+  Plugin,
+  ProcessOptions,
+  TransformCallback,
+  Transformer
+} from './postcss.js'
+import Result from './result.js'
+import Root from './root.js'
+
+declare namespace Processor {
+  export { Processor_ as default }
+}
+
+/**
+ * Contains plugins to process CSS. Create one `Processor` instance,
+ * initialize its plugins, and then use that instance on numerous CSS files.
+ *
+ * ```js
+ * const processor = postcss([autoprefixer, postcssNested])
+ * processor.process(css1).then(result => console.log(result.css))
+ * processor.process(css2).then(result => console.log(result.css))
+ * ```
+ */
+declare class Processor_ {
+  /**
+   * Plugins added to this processor.
+   *
+   * ```js
+   * const processor = postcss([autoprefixer, postcssNested])
+   * processor.plugins.length //=> 2
+   * ```
+   */
+  plugins: (Plugin | TransformCallback | Transformer)[]
+
+  /**
+   * Current PostCSS version.
+   *
+   * ```js
+   * if (result.processor.version.split('.')[0] !== '6') {
+   *   throw new Error('This plugin works only with PostCSS 6')
+   * }
+   * ```
+   */
+  version: string
+
+  /**
+   * @param plugins PostCSS plugins
+   */
+  constructor(plugins?: readonly AcceptedPlugin[])
+
+  /**
+   * Parses source CSS and returns a `LazyResult` Promise proxy.
+   * Because some plugins can be asynchronous it doesn’t make
+   * any transformations. Transformations will be applied
+   * in the `LazyResult` methods.
+   *
+   * ```js
+   * processor.process(css, { from: 'a.css', to: 'a.out.css' })
+   *   .then(result => {
+   *      console.log(result.css)
+   *   })
+   * ```
+   *
+   * @param css String with input CSS or any object with a `toString()` method,
+   *            like a Buffer. Optionally, send a `Result` instance
+   *            and the processor will take the `Root` from it.
+   * @param opts Options.
+   * @return Promise proxy.
+   */
+  process(
+    css: { toString(): string } | LazyResult | Result | Root | string
+  ): LazyResult | NoWorkResult
+  process<RootNode extends Document | Root = Root>(
+    css: { toString(): string } | LazyResult | Result | Root | string,
+    options: ProcessOptions<RootNode>
+  ): LazyResult<RootNode>
+
+  /**
+   * Adds a plugin to be used as a CSS processor.
+   *
+   * PostCSS plugin can be in 4 formats:
+   * * A plugin in `Plugin` format.
+   * * A plugin creator function with `pluginCreator.postcss = true`.
+   *   PostCSS will call this function without argument to get plugin.
+   * * A function. PostCSS will pass the function a {@link Root}
+   *   as the first argument and current `Result` instance
+   *   as the second.
+   * * Another `Processor` instance. PostCSS will copy plugins
+   *   from that instance into this one.
+   *
+   * Plugins can also be added by passing them as arguments when creating
+   * a `postcss` instance (see [`postcss(plugins)`]).
+   *
+   * Asynchronous plugins should return a `Promise` instance.
+   *
+   * ```js
+   * const processor = postcss()
+   *   .use(autoprefixer)
+   *   .use(postcssNested)
+   * ```
+   *
+   * @param plugin PostCSS plugin or `Processor` with plugins.
+   * @return Current processor to make methods chain.
+   */
+  use(plugin: AcceptedPlugin): this
+}
+
+declare class Processor extends Processor_ {}
+
+export = Processor
diff --git a/lib/processor.js b/lib/processor.js
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..3ad8c1a26
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/processor.js
@@ -0,0 +1,67 @@
+'use strict'
+
+let Document = require('./document')
+let LazyResult = require('./lazy-result')
+let NoWorkResult = require('./no-work-result')
+let Root = require('./root')
+
+class Processor {
+  constructor(plugins = []) {
+    this.version = '8.5.26'
+    this.plugins = this.normalize(plugins)
+  }
+
+  normalize(plugins) {
+    let normalized = []
+    for (let i of plugins) {
+      if (i.postcss === true) {
+        i = i()
+      } else if (i.postcss) {
+        i = i.postcss
+      }
+
+      if (typeof i === 'object' && Array.isArray(i.plugins)) {
+        normalized = normalized.concat(i.plugins)
+      } else if (typeof i === 'object' && i.postcssPlugin) {
+        normalized.push(i)
+      } else if (typeof i === 'function') {
+        normalized.push(i)
+      } else if (typeof i === 'object' && (i.parse || i.stringify)) {
+        if (process.env.NODE_ENV !== 'production') {
+          throw new Error(
+            'PostCSS syntaxes cannot be used as plugins. Instead, please use ' +
+              'one of the syntax/parser/stringifier options as outlined ' +
+              'in your PostCSS runner documentation.'
+          )
+        }
+      } else {
+        throw new Error(i + ' is not a PostCSS plugin')
+      }
+    }
+    return normalized
+  }
+
+  process(css, opts = {}) {
+    if (
+      !this.plugins.length &&
+      !opts.parser &&
+      !opts.stringifier &&
+      !opts.syntax
+    ) {
+      return new NoWorkResult(this, css, opts)
+    } else {
+      return new LazyResult(this, css, opts)
+    }
+  }
+
+  use(plugin) {
+    this.plugins = this.plugins.concat(this.normalize([plugin]))
+    return this
+  }
+}
+
+module.exports = Processor
+Processor.default = Processor
+
+Root.registerProcessor(Processor)
+Document.registerProcessor(Processor)
diff --git a/lib/result.d.ts b/lib/result.d.ts
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..161dce90e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/result.d.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,204 @@
+import {
+  Document,
+  Node,
+  Plugin,
+  ProcessOptions,
+  Root,
+  SourceMap,
+  TransformCallback,
+  Warning,
+  WarningOptions
+} from './postcss.js'
+import Processor from './processor.js'
+
+declare namespace Result {
+  export interface Message {
+    [others: string]: any
+
+    /**
+     * Source PostCSS plugin name.
+     */
+    plugin?: string
+
+    /**
+     * Message type.
+     */
+    type: string
+  }
+
+  export interface ResultOptions extends ProcessOptions {
+    /**
+     * The CSS node that was the source of the warning.
+     */
+    node?: Node
+
+    /**
+     * Name of plugin that created this warning. `Result#warn` will fill it
+     * automatically with `Plugin#postcssPlugin` value.
+     */
+    plugin?: string
+  }
+
+  export { Result_ as default }
+}
+
+/**
+ * Provides the result of the PostCSS transformations.
+ *
+ * A Result instance is returned by `LazyResult#then`
+ * or `Root#toResult` methods.
+ *
+ * ```js
+ * postcss([autoprefixer]).process(css).then(result => {
+ *  console.log(result.css)
+ * })
+ * ```
+ *
+ * ```js
+ * const result2 = postcss.parse(css).toResult()
+ * ```
+ */
+declare class Result_<RootNode = Document | Root> {
+  /**
+   * A CSS string representing of `Result#root`.
+   *
+   * ```js
+   * postcss.parse('a{}').toResult().css //=> "a{}"
+   * ```
+   */
+  css: string
+
+  /**
+   * Last runned PostCSS plugin.
+   */
+  lastPlugin: Plugin | TransformCallback
+
+  /**
+   * An instance of `SourceMapGenerator` class from the `source-map` library,
+   * representing changes to the `Result#root` instance.
+   *
+   * ```js
+   * result.map.toJSON() //=> { version: 3, file: 'a.css', … }
+   * ```
+   *
+   * ```js
+   * if (result.map) {
+   *   fs.writeFileSync(result.opts.to + '.map', result.map.toString())
+   * }
+   * ```
+   */
+  map: SourceMap
+
+  /**
+   * Contains messages from plugins (e.g., warnings or custom messages).
+   * Each message should have type and plugin properties.
+   *
+   * ```js
+   * AtRule: {
+   *   import: (atRule, { result }) {
+   *     const importedFile = parseImport(atRule)
+   *     result.messages.push({
+   *       type: 'dependency',
+   *       plugin: 'postcss-import',
+   *       file: importedFile,
+   *       parent: result.opts.from
+   *     })
+   *   }
+   * }
+   * ```
+   */
+  messages: Result.Message[]
+
+  /**
+   * Options from the `Processor#process` or `Root#toResult` call
+   * that produced this Result instance.]
+   *
+   * ```js
+   * root.toResult(opts).opts === opts
+   * ```
+   */
+  opts: Result.ResultOptions
+
+  /**
+   * The Processor instance used for this transformation.
+   *
+   * ```js
+   * for (const plugin of result.processor.plugins) {
+   *   if (plugin.postcssPlugin === 'postcss-bad') {
+   *     throw 'postcss-good is incompatible with postcss-bad'
+   *   }
+   * })
+   * ```
+   */
+  processor: Processor
+
+  /**
+   * Root node after all transformations.
+   *
+   * ```js
+   * root.toResult().root === root
+   * ```
+   */
+  root: RootNode
+
+  /**
+   * An alias for the `Result#css` property.
+   * Use it with syntaxes that generate non-CSS output.
+   *
+   * ```js
+   * result.css === result.content
+   * ```
+   */
+  get content(): string
+
+  /**
+   * @param processor Processor used for this transformation.
+   * @param root      Root node after all transformations.
+   * @param opts      Options from the `Processor#process` or `Root#toResult`.
+   */
+  constructor(processor: Processor, root: RootNode, opts: Result.ResultOptions)
+
+  /**
+   * Returns for `Result#css` content.
+   *
+   * ```js
+   * result + '' === result.css
+   * ```
+   *
+   * @return String representing of `Result#root`.
+   */
+  toString(): string
+
+  /**
+   * Creates an instance of `Warning` and adds it to `Result#messages`.
+   *
+   * ```js
+   * if (decl.important) {
+   *   result.warn('Avoid !important', { node: decl, word: '!important' })
+   * }
+   * ```
+   *
+   * @param text Warning message.
+   * @param opts Warning options.
+   * @return Created warning.
+   */
+  warn(message: string, options?: WarningOptions): Warning
+
+  /**
+   * Returns warnings from plugins. Filters `Warning` instances
+   * from `Result#messages`.
+   *
+   * ```js
+   * result.warnings().forEach(warn => {
+   *   console.warn(warn.toString())
+   * })
+   * ```
+   *
+   * @return Warnings from plugins.
+   */
+  warnings(): Warning[]
+}
+
+declare class Result<RootNode = Document | Root> extends Result_<RootNode> {}
+
+export = Result
diff --git a/lib/result.js b/lib/result.js
index c8d491391..c6af4e8ca 100644
--- a/lib/result.js
+++ b/lib/result.js
@@ -1,34 +1,42 @@
-import MapGenerator from './map-generator';
+'use strict'
 
-// Object with processed CSS
-export default class Result {
-    constructor(root, opts = { }) {
-        this.root = root;
-        this.opts = opts;
-    }
+let Warning = require('./warning')
 
-    // Lazy method to return source map
-    get map() {
-        if ( !this.cssCached ) this.stringify();
-        return this.mapCached;
-    }
+class Result {
+  get content() {
+    return this.css
+  }
 
-    // Lazy method to return CSS string
-    get css() {
-        if ( !this.cssCached ) this.stringify();
-        return this.cssCached;
-    }
+  constructor(processor, root, opts) {
+    this.processor = processor
+    this.messages = []
+    this.root = root
+    this.opts = opts
+    this.css = ''
+    this.map = undefined
+  }
 
-    // Return CSS string on any try to print
-    toString() {
-        return this.css;
-    }
+  toString() {
+    return this.css
+  }
 
-    // Generate CSS and map
-    stringify() {
-        var map = new MapGenerator(this.root, this.opts);
-        var generated  = map.generate();
-        this.cssCached = generated[0];
-        this.mapCached = generated[1];
+  warn(text, opts = {}) {
+    if (!opts.plugin) {
+      if (this.lastPlugin && this.lastPlugin.postcssPlugin) {
+        opts.plugin = this.lastPlugin.postcssPlugin
+      }
     }
+
+    let warning = new Warning(text, opts)
+    this.messages.push(warning)
+
+    return warning
+  }
+
+  warnings() {
+    return this.messages.filter(i => i.type === 'warning')
+  }
 }
+
+module.exports = Result
+Result.default = Result
diff --git a/lib/root.d.ts b/lib/root.d.ts
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..fd0498110
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/root.d.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,86 @@
+import Container, { ContainerProps } from './container.js'
+import Document from './document.js'
+import { ProcessOptions } from './postcss.js'
+import Result from './result.js'
+
+declare namespace Root {
+  export interface RootRaws extends Record<string, any> {
+    /**
+     * The space symbols after the last child to the end of file.
+     */
+    after?: string
+
+    /**
+     * Non-CSS code after `Root`, when `Root` is inside `Document`.
+     *
+     * **Experimental:** some aspects of this node could change within minor
+     * or patch version releases.
+     */
+    codeAfter?: string
+
+    /**
+     * Non-CSS code before `Root`, when `Root` is inside `Document`.
+     *
+     * **Experimental:** some aspects of this node could change within minor
+     * or patch version releases.
+     */
+    codeBefore?: string
+
+    /**
+     * Is the last child has an (optional) semicolon.
+     */
+    semicolon?: boolean
+  }
+
+  export interface RootProps extends ContainerProps {
+    /**
+     * Information used to generate byte-to-byte equal node string
+     * as it was in the origin input.
+     * */
+    raws?: RootRaws
+  }
+
+  export { Root_ as default }
+}
+
+/**
+ * Represents a CSS file and contains all its parsed nodes.
+ *
+ * ```js
+ * const root = postcss.parse('a{color:black} b{z-index:2}')
+ * root.type         //=> 'root'
+ * root.nodes.length //=> 2
+ * ```
+ */
+declare class Root_ extends Container {
+  nodes: NonNullable<Container['nodes']>
+  parent: Document | undefined
+  raws: Root.RootRaws
+  type: 'root'
+
+  constructor(defaults?: Root.RootProps)
+
+  assign(overrides: object | Root.RootProps): this
+  clone(overrides?: Partial<Root.RootProps>): this
+  cloneAfter(overrides?: Partial<Root.RootProps>): this
+  cloneBefore(overrides?: Partial<Root.RootProps>): this
+
+  /**
+   * Returns a `Result` instance representing the root’s CSS.
+   *
+   * ```js
+   * const root1 = postcss.parse(css1, { from: 'a.css' })
+   * const root2 = postcss.parse(css2, { from: 'b.css' })
+   * root1.append(root2)
+   * const result = root1.toResult({ to: 'all.css', map: true })
+   * ```
+   *
+   * @param options Options.
+   * @return Result with current root’s CSS.
+   */
+  toResult(options?: ProcessOptions): Result
+}
+
+declare class Root extends Root_ {}
+
+export = Root
diff --git a/lib/root.js b/lib/root.js
index 50ace6420..bc8547f39 100644
--- a/lib/root.js
+++ b/lib/root.js
@@ -1,58 +1,76 @@
-import Declaration from './declaration';
-import Container   from './container';
-import Comment     from './comment';
-import AtRule      from './at-rule';
-import Result      from './result';
-import Rule        from './rule';
-
-// Root of CSS
-export default class Root extends Container {
-    constructor(defaults) {
-        this.type  = 'root';
-        this.nodes = [];
-        super(defaults);
-    }
+'use strict'
 
-    // Fix space when we remove first child
-    remove(child) {
-        child = this.index(child);
+let Container = require('./container')
 
-        if ( child === 0 && this.nodes.length > 1 ) {
-            this.nodes[1].before = this.nodes[child].before;
-        }
+let LazyResult, Processor
 
-        return super.remove(child);
+class Root extends Container {
+  constructor(defaults) {
+    super(defaults)
+    this.type = 'root'
+    if (!this.nodes) this.nodes = []
+  }
+
+  normalize(child, sample, type) {
+    let keepBefore = new Set()
+    for (let node of Array.isArray(child) ? child : [child]) {
+      if (
+        node &&
+        typeof node === 'object' &&
+        !node.parent &&
+        node.raws &&
+        typeof node.raws.before !== 'undefined'
+      ) {
+        keepBefore.add(node.raws)
+      }
     }
 
-    // Fix spaces on insert before first rule
-    normalize(child, sample, type) {
-        var nodes = super.normalize(child);
-
-        if ( sample ) {
-            if ( type == 'prepend' ) {
-                if ( this.nodes.length > 1 ) {
-                    sample.before = this.nodes[1].before;
-                } else {
-                    delete sample.before;
-                }
-            } else {
-                for ( var node of nodes ) {
-                    if ( this.first != sample ) node.before = sample.before;
-                }
-            }
-        }
+    let nodes = super.normalize(child)
 
-        return nodes;
+    if (sample) {
+      if (type === 'prepend') {
+        if (this.nodes.length > 1) {
+          sample.raws.before = this.nodes[1].raws.before
+        } else {
+          delete sample.raws.before
+        }
+      } else if (this.first !== sample) {
+        for (let node of nodes) {
+          if (!keepBefore.has(node.raws)) {
+            node.raws.before = sample.raws.before
+          }
+        }
+      }
     }
 
-    // Stringify styles
-    stringify(builder) {
-        this.stringifyContent(builder);
-        if ( this.after ) builder(this.after);
-    }
+    return nodes
+  }
+
+  removeChild(child, ignore) {
+    let index = this.index(child)
 
-    // Generate processing result with optional source map
-    toResult(opts = { }) {
-        return new Result(this, opts);
+    if (!ignore && index === 0 && this.nodes.length > 1) {
+      this.nodes[1].raws.before = this.nodes[index].raws.before
     }
+
+    return super.removeChild(child)
+  }
+
+  toResult(opts = {}) {
+    let lazy = new LazyResult(new Processor(), this, opts)
+    return lazy.stringify()
+  }
+}
+
+Root.registerLazyResult = dependant => {
+  LazyResult = dependant
 }
+
+Root.registerProcessor = dependant => {
+  Processor = dependant
+}
+
+module.exports = Root
+Root.default = Root
+
+Container.registerRoot(Root)
diff --git a/lib/rule.d.ts b/lib/rule.d.ts
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..dc1fb8e36
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/rule.d.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,126 @@
+import Container, {
+  ContainerProps,
+  ContainerWithChildren
+} from './container.js'
+
+declare namespace Rule {
+  export interface RuleRaws extends Record<string, unknown> {
+    /**
+     * The space symbols after the last child of the node to the end of the node.
+     */
+    after?: string
+
+    /**
+     * The space symbols before the node. It also stores `*`
+     * and `_` symbols before the declaration (IE hack).
+     */
+    before?: string
+
+    /**
+     * The symbols between the selector and `{` for rules.
+     */
+    between?: string
+
+    /**
+     * Contains the text of the semicolon after this rule.
+     */
+    ownSemicolon?: string
+
+    /**
+     * The rule’s selector with comments.
+     */
+    selector?: {
+      raw: string
+      value: string
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Contains `true` if the last child has an (optional) semicolon.
+     */
+    semicolon?: boolean
+  }
+
+  export type RuleProps = {
+    /** Information used to generate byte-to-byte equal node string as it was in the origin input. */
+    raws?: RuleRaws
+  } & (
+    | {
+        /** Selector or selectors of the rule. */
+        selector: string
+        selectors?: never
+      }
+    | {
+        selector?: never
+        /** Selectors of the rule represented as an array of strings. */
+        selectors: readonly string[]
+      }
+  ) &
+    ContainerProps
+
+  export { Rule_ as default }
+}
+
+/**
+ * Represents a CSS rule: a selector followed by a declaration block.
+ *
+ * ```js
+ * Once (root, { Rule }) {
+ *   let a = new Rule({ selector: 'a' })
+ *   a.append(…)
+ *   root.append(a)
+ * }
+ * ```
+ *
+ * ```js
+ * const root = postcss.parse('a{}')
+ * const rule = root.first
+ * rule.type       //=> 'rule'
+ * rule.toString() //=> 'a{}'
+ * ```
+ */
+declare class Rule_ extends Container {
+  nodes: NonNullable<Container['nodes']>
+  parent: ContainerWithChildren | undefined
+  raws: Rule.RuleRaws
+  type: 'rule'
+  /**
+   * The rule’s full selector represented as a string.
+   *
+   * ```js
+   * const root = postcss.parse('a, b { }')
+   * const rule = root.first
+   * rule.selector //=> 'a, b'
+   * ```
+   */
+  get selector(): string
+
+  set selector(value: string)
+  /**
+   * An array containing the rule’s individual selectors.
+   * Groups of selectors are split at commas.
+   *
+   * ```js
+   * const root = postcss.parse('a, b { }')
+   * const rule = root.first
+   *
+   * rule.selector  //=> 'a, b'
+   * rule.selectors //=> ['a', 'b']
+   *
+   * rule.selectors = ['a', 'strong']
+   * rule.selector //=> 'a, strong'
+   * ```
+   */
+  get selectors(): string[]
+
+  set selectors(values: string[])
+
+  constructor(defaults?: Rule.RuleProps)
+  assign(overrides: object | Rule.RuleProps): this
+  clone(overrides?: Partial<Rule.RuleProps>): this
+  cloneAfter(overrides?: Partial<Rule.RuleProps>): this
+  cloneBefore(overrides?: Partial<Rule.RuleProps>): this
+}
+
+declare class Rule extends Rule_ {}
+
+export = Rule
diff --git a/lib/rule.js b/lib/rule.js
index 853de65d0..3b9b7e9bb 100644
--- a/lib/rule.js
+++ b/lib/rule.js
@@ -1,27 +1,27 @@
-import Declaration from './declaration';
-import Container   from './container';
-import list        from './list';
+'use strict'
 
-// CSS rule like “a { }”
-export default class Rule extends Container {
-    constructor(defaults) {
-        this.type  = 'rule';
-        this.nodes = [];
-        super(defaults);
-    }
+let Container = require('./container')
+let list = require('./list')
 
-    // Shortcut to get selectors as array
+class Rule extends Container {
+  get selectors() {
+    return list.comma(this.selector)
+  }
 
-    get selectors() {
-        return list.comma(this.selector);
-    }
+  set selectors(values) {
+    let match = this.selector ? this.selector.match(/,\s*/) : null
+    let sep = match ? match[0] : ',' + this.raw('between', 'beforeOpen')
+    this.selector = values.join(sep)
+  }
 
-    set selectors(values) {
-        this.selector = values.join(', ');
-    }
-
-    // Stringify rule
-    stringify(builder) {
-        this.stringifyBlock(builder, this.stringifyRaw('selector'));
-    }
+  constructor(defaults) {
+    super(defaults)
+    this.type = 'rule'
+    if (!this.nodes) this.nodes = []
+  }
 }
+
+module.exports = Rule
+Rule.default = Rule
+
+Container.registerRule(Rule)
diff --git a/lib/stringifier.d.ts b/lib/stringifier.d.ts
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..cfb106bc6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/stringifier.d.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,45 @@
+import {
+  AnyNode,
+  AtRule,
+  Builder,
+  Comment,
+  Container,
+  Declaration,
+  Document,
+  Root,
+  Rule
+} from './postcss.js'
+
+declare namespace Stringifier {
+  export { Stringifier_ as default }
+}
+
+declare class Stringifier_ {
+  builder: Builder
+  constructor(builder: Builder)
+  atrule(node: AtRule, semicolon?: boolean): void
+  beforeAfter(node: AnyNode, detect: 'after' | 'before'): string
+  block(node: AnyNode, start: string): void
+  body(node: Container): void
+  comment(node: Comment): void
+  decl(node: Declaration, semicolon?: boolean): void
+  document(node: Document): void
+  raw(node: AnyNode, own: null | string, detect?: string): boolean | string
+  rawBeforeClose(root: Root): string | undefined
+  rawBeforeComment(root: Root, node: Comment): string | undefined
+  rawBeforeDecl(root: Root, node: Declaration): string | undefined
+  rawBeforeOpen(root: Root): string | undefined
+  rawBeforeRule(root: Root): string | undefined
+  rawColon(root: Root): string | undefined
+  rawEmptyBody(root: Root): string | undefined
+  rawIndent(root: Root): string | undefined
+  rawSemicolon(root: Root): boolean | undefined
+  rawValue(node: AnyNode, prop: string): number | string
+  root(node: Root): void
+  rule(node: Rule): void
+  stringify(node: AnyNode, semicolon?: boolean): void
+}
+
+declare class Stringifier extends Stringifier_ {}
+
+export = Stringifier
diff --git a/lib/stringifier.js b/lib/stringifier.js
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..dd8eaf9f0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/stringifier.js
@@ -0,0 +1,469 @@
+'use strict'
+
+// Escapes sequences that could break out of an HTML <style> context.
+// Uses CSS unicode escaping (\3c = '<') which is valid CSS and parsed
+// correctly by all compliant CSS consumers.
+const STYLE_TAG = /(<)(\/?style\b)/gi
+const COMMENT_OPEN = /(<)(!--)/g
+
+// Characters that end an at-rule name, mirroring RE_AT_END in the tokenizer.
+// Params starting with anything else need a space to stay separate tokens.
+const AT_NAME_END = /[\t\n\f\r "#'()/;[\\\]{}]/
+
+function escapeHTMLInCSS(str) {
+  if (typeof str !== 'string') return str
+  if (!str.includes('<')) return str
+  return str.replace(STYLE_TAG, '\\3c $2').replace(COMMENT_OPEN, '\\3c $2')
+}
+
+const DEFAULT_RAW = {
+  after: '\n',
+  beforeClose: '\n',
+  beforeComment: '\n',
+  beforeDecl: '\n',
+  beforeOpen: ' ',
+  beforeRule: '\n',
+  colon: ': ',
+  commentLeft: ' ',
+  commentRight: ' ',
+  emptyBody: '',
+  indent: '    ',
+  semicolon: false
+}
+
+function capitalize(str) {
+  return str[0].toUpperCase() + str.slice(1)
+}
+
+function atruleStart(str, node) {
+  let name = '@' + node.name
+  let params = node.params ? str.rawValue(node, 'params') : ''
+  let afterName = node.raws.afterName
+
+  if (typeof afterName === 'undefined') {
+    afterName = params ? ' ' : ''
+  } else if (afterName === '' && params && !AT_NAME_END.test(params[0])) {
+    afterName = ' '
+  }
+
+  return name + afterName + params
+}
+
+// `*--x` is not a custom property: the parser checks the first token, and the
+// `*`/`_` hack prefix moves from `prop` into `before` only after that.
+function isCustomProperty(node) {
+  if (!node.prop.startsWith('--')) return false
+  let before = node.raws.before
+  return typeof before === 'undefined' || !/\S$/.test(before)
+}
+
+function pushBody(str, stack, node) {
+  let nodes = node.nodes
+  let last = nodes.length - 1
+  while (last > 0) {
+    if (nodes[last].type !== 'comment') break
+    last -= 1
+  }
+
+  let semicolon = str.raw(node, 'semicolon')
+  let isDocument = node.type === 'document'
+  for (let i = nodes.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
+    let child = nodes[i]
+    let childSemicolon = last !== i || semicolon
+    // A childless at-rule or a custom property declaration that still has
+    // following siblings must be terminated. Without the semicolon those
+    // trailing comments are folded into the at-rule's prelude or the custom
+    // property's value and disappear when the output is re-parsed.
+    if (
+      !childSemicolon &&
+      i < nodes.length - 1 &&
+      ((child.type === 'atrule' && !child.nodes) ||
+        (child.type === 'decl' && isCustomProperty(child)))
+    ) {
+      childSemicolon = true
+    }
+    stack.push({
+      document: isDocument,
+      node: child,
+      semicolon: childSemicolon
+    })
+  }
+}
+
+function pushBlock(str, stack, node, start) {
+  let between = str.raw(node, 'between', 'beforeOpen')
+  str.builder(escapeHTMLInCSS(start + between) + '{', node, 'start')
+
+  let hasNodes = node.nodes && node.nodes.length
+  let close = () => {
+    let after = hasNodes
+      ? str.raw(node, 'after')
+      : str.raw(node, 'after', 'emptyBody')
+    if (after) str.builder(escapeHTMLInCSS(after))
+    str.builder('}', node, 'end')
+    if (node.type === 'rule' && node.raws.ownSemicolon) {
+      str.builder(escapeHTMLInCSS(node.raws.ownSemicolon), node, 'end')
+    }
+  }
+
+  if (hasNodes) {
+    stack.push(close)
+    pushBody(str, stack, node)
+  } else {
+    close()
+  }
+}
+
+class Stringifier {
+  constructor(builder) {
+    this.builder = builder
+  }
+
+  atrule(node, semicolon) {
+    let start = atruleStart(this, node)
+    if (node.nodes) {
+      this.block(node, start)
+    } else {
+      let end = (node.raws.between || '') + (semicolon ? ';' : '')
+      this.builder(escapeHTMLInCSS(start + end), node)
+    }
+  }
+
+  beforeAfter(node, detect) {
+    let value
+    if (node.type === 'decl') {
+      value = this.raw(node, null, 'beforeDecl')
+    } else if (node.type === 'comment') {
+      value = this.raw(node, null, 'beforeComment')
+    } else if (detect === 'before') {
+      value = this.raw(node, null, 'beforeRule')
+    } else {
+      value = this.raw(node, null, 'beforeClose')
+    }
+
+    let buf = node.parent
+    let depth = 0
+    while (buf && buf.type !== 'root') {
+      depth += 1
+      buf = buf.parent
+    }
+
+    if (value.includes('\n')) {
+      let indent = this.raw(node, null, 'indent')
+      if (indent.length) {
+        for (let step = 0; step < depth; step++) value += indent
+      }
+    }
+
+    return value
+  }
+
+  block(node, start) {
+    let between = this.raw(node, 'between', 'beforeOpen')
+    this.builder(escapeHTMLInCSS(start + between) + '{', node, 'start')
+
+    let after
+    if (node.nodes && node.nodes.length) {
+      this.body(node)
+      after = this.raw(node, 'after')
+    } else {
+      after = this.raw(node, 'after', 'emptyBody')
+    }
+
+    if (after) this.builder(escapeHTMLInCSS(after))
+    this.builder('}', node, 'end')
+  }
+
+  body(node) {
+    // Rules and at-rules are expanded into an explicit stack instead of
+    // recursive `stringify()` calls to survive deeply nested trees.
+    // If a subclass changes the traversal methods, its children go
+    // through `stringify()` to keep the override in charge.
+    let proto = Stringifier.prototype
+    let expandable = ['atrule', 'block', 'body', 'rule', 'stringify'].every(
+      method => this[method] === proto[method]
+    )
+
+    let stack = []
+    pushBody(this, stack, node)
+
+    while (stack.length > 0) {
+      let entry = stack.pop()
+      if (typeof entry === 'function') {
+        entry()
+        continue
+      }
+
+      let child = entry.node
+      let before = this.raw(child, 'before')
+      if (before) {
+        this.builder(entry.document ? before : escapeHTMLInCSS(before))
+      }
+
+      if (expandable && child.type === 'rule') {
+        pushBlock(this, stack, child, this.rawValue(child, 'selector'))
+      } else if (expandable && child.type === 'atrule' && child.nodes) {
+        pushBlock(this, stack, child, atruleStart(this, child))
+      } else {
+        this.stringify(child, entry.semicolon)
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  comment(node) {
+    let left = this.raw(node, 'left', 'commentLeft')
+    let right = this.raw(node, 'right', 'commentRight')
+    this.builder(escapeHTMLInCSS('/*' + left + node.text + right + '*/'), node)
+  }
+
+  decl(node, semicolon) {
+    let raws = node.raws
+    let between = this.raw(node, 'between', 'colon')
+
+    let string = node.prop + between + this.rawValue(node, 'value')
+
+    if (node.important) {
+      string += raws.important || ' !important'
+    }
+
+    if (semicolon) string += ';'
+    this.builder(escapeHTMLInCSS(string), node)
+  }
+
+  document(node) {
+    this.body(node)
+  }
+
+  raw(node, own, detect) {
+    let value
+    if (!detect) detect = own
+
+    // Already had
+    if (own) {
+      value = node.raws[own]
+      if (typeof value !== 'undefined') return value
+    }
+
+    let parent = node.parent
+
+    if (detect === 'before') {
+      // Hack for first rule in CSS
+      if (!parent || (parent.type === 'root' && parent.first === node)) {
+        return ''
+      }
+
+      // `root` nodes in `document` should use only their own raws
+      if (parent && parent.type === 'document') {
+        return ''
+      }
+    }
+
+    // Floating child without parent
+    if (!parent) return DEFAULT_RAW[detect]
+
+    // Detect style by other nodes
+    let root = node.root()
+    let cache = root.rawCache || (root.rawCache = {})
+    if (typeof cache[detect] !== 'undefined') {
+      return cache[detect]
+    }
+
+    if (detect === 'before' || detect === 'after') {
+      return this.beforeAfter(node, detect)
+    } else {
+      let method = 'raw' + capitalize(detect)
+      if (this[method]) {
+        value = this[method](root, node)
+      } else {
+        root.walk(i => {
+          value = i.raws[own]
+          if (typeof value !== 'undefined') return false
+        })
+      }
+    }
+
+    if (typeof value === 'undefined') value = DEFAULT_RAW[detect]
+
+    cache[detect] = value
+    return value
+  }
+
+  rawBeforeClose(root) {
+    let value
+    root.walk(i => {
+      if (i.nodes && i.nodes.length > 0) {
+        if (typeof i.raws.after !== 'undefined') {
+          value = i.raws.after
+          if (value.includes('\n')) {
+            value = value.replace(/[^\n]+$/, '')
+          }
+          return false
+        }
+      }
+    })
+    if (value) value = value.replace(/\S/g, '')
+    return value
+  }
+
+  rawBeforeComment(root, node) {
+    let value
+    root.walkComments(i => {
+      if (typeof i.raws.before !== 'undefined') {
+        value = i.raws.before
+        if (value.includes('\n')) {
+          value = value.replace(/[^\n]+$/, '')
+        }
+        return false
+      }
+    })
+    if (typeof value === 'undefined') {
+      value = this.raw(node, null, 'beforeDecl')
+    } else if (value) {
+      value = value.replace(/\S/g, '')
+    }
+    return value
+  }
+
+  rawBeforeDecl(root, node) {
+    let value
+    root.walkDecls(i => {
+      if (typeof i.raws.before !== 'undefined') {
+        value = i.raws.before
+        if (value.includes('\n')) {
+          value = value.replace(/[^\n]+$/, '')
+        }
+        return false
+      }
+    })
+    if (typeof value === 'undefined') {
+      value = this.raw(node, null, 'beforeRule')
+    } else if (value) {
+      value = value.replace(/\S/g, '')
+    }
+    return value
+  }
+
+  rawBeforeOpen(root) {
+    let value
+    root.walk(i => {
+      if (i.type !== 'decl') {
+        value = i.raws.between
+        if (typeof value !== 'undefined') return false
+      }
+    })
+    return value
+  }
+
+  rawBeforeRule(root) {
+    let value
+    root.walk(i => {
+      if (i.nodes && (i.parent !== root || root.first !== i)) {
+        if (typeof i.raws.before !== 'undefined') {
+          value = i.raws.before
+          if (value.includes('\n')) {
+            value = value.replace(/[^\n]+$/, '')
+          }
+          return false
+        }
+      }
+    })
+    if (value) value = value.replace(/\S/g, '')
+    return value
+  }
+
+  rawColon(root) {
+    let value
+    root.walkDecls(i => {
+      if (typeof i.raws.between !== 'undefined') {
+        value = i.raws.between.replace(/[^\s:]/g, '')
+        return false
+      }
+    })
+    return value
+  }
+
+  rawEmptyBody(root) {
+    let value
+    root.walk(i => {
+      if (i.nodes && i.nodes.length === 0) {
+        value = i.raws.after
+        if (typeof value !== 'undefined') return false
+      }
+    })
+    return value
+  }
+
+  rawIndent(root) {
+    if (root.raws.indent) return root.raws.indent
+    let value
+    root.walk(i => {
+      let p = i.parent
+      if (p && p !== root && p.parent && p.parent === root) {
+        if (typeof i.raws.before !== 'undefined') {
+          let parts = i.raws.before.split('\n')
+          value = parts[parts.length - 1]
+          value = value.replace(/\S/g, '')
+          return false
+        }
+      }
+    })
+    return value
+  }
+
+  rawSemicolon(root) {
+    let value
+    root.walk(i => {
+      if (i.nodes && i.nodes.length && i.last.type === 'decl') {
+        value = i.raws.semicolon
+        if (typeof value !== 'undefined') return false
+      }
+    })
+    return value
+  }
+
+  rawValue(node, prop) {
+    let value = node[prop]
+    let raw = node.raws[prop]
+    if (raw && raw.value === value) {
+      return raw.raw
+    }
+
+    return value
+  }
+
+  root(node) {
+    if (node.source && node.source.input.hasBOM) {
+      this.builder('\uFEFF', node, 'start')
+    }
+    this.body(node)
+    if (node.raws.after) {
+      let after = node.raws.after
+      let isDocument = node.parent && node.parent.type === 'document'
+      this.builder(isDocument ? after : escapeHTMLInCSS(after))
+    }
+  }
+
+  rule(node) {
+    this.block(node, this.rawValue(node, 'selector'))
+    if (node.raws.ownSemicolon) {
+      this.builder(escapeHTMLInCSS(node.raws.ownSemicolon), node, 'end')
+    }
+  }
+
+  stringify(node, semicolon) {
+    /* c8 ignore start */
+    if (!this[node.type]) {
+      throw new Error(
+        'Unknown AST node type ' +
+          node.type +
+          '. ' +
+          'Maybe you need to change PostCSS stringifier.'
+      )
+    }
+    /* c8 ignore stop */
+    this[node.type](node, semicolon)
+  }
+}
+
+module.exports = Stringifier
+Stringifier.default = Stringifier
diff --git a/lib/stringify.d.ts b/lib/stringify.d.ts
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..82131bf50
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/stringify.d.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+import { Stringifier } from './postcss.js'
+
+interface Stringify extends Stringifier {
+  default: Stringify
+}
+
+declare let stringify: Stringify
+
+export = stringify
diff --git a/lib/stringify.js b/lib/stringify.js
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..77bd0178b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/stringify.js
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+'use strict'
+
+let Stringifier = require('./stringifier')
+
+function stringify(node, builder) {
+  let str = new Stringifier(builder)
+  str.stringify(node)
+}
+
+module.exports = stringify
+stringify.default = stringify
diff --git a/lib/symbols.js b/lib/symbols.js
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..a142c268d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/symbols.js
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+'use strict'
+
+module.exports.isClean = Symbol('isClean')
+
+module.exports.my = Symbol('my')
diff --git a/lib/terminal-highlight.js b/lib/terminal-highlight.js
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..6196c9df1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/terminal-highlight.js
@@ -0,0 +1,70 @@
+'use strict'
+
+let pico = require('picocolors')
+
+let tokenizer = require('./tokenize')
+
+let Input
+
+function registerInput(dependant) {
+  Input = dependant
+}
+
+const HIGHLIGHT_THEME = {
+  ';': pico.yellow,
+  ':': pico.yellow,
+  '(': pico.cyan,
+  ')': pico.cyan,
+  '[': pico.yellow,
+  ']': pico.yellow,
+  '{': pico.yellow,
+  '}': pico.yellow,
+  'at-word': pico.cyan,
+  'brackets': pico.cyan,
+  'call': pico.cyan,
+  'class': pico.yellow,
+  'comment': pico.gray,
+  'hash': pico.magenta,
+  'string': pico.green
+}
+
+function getTokenType([type, value], processor) {
+  if (type === 'word') {
+    if (value[0] === '.') {
+      return 'class'
+    }
+    if (value[0] === '#') {
+      return 'hash'
+    }
+  }
+
+  if (!processor.endOfFile()) {
+    let next = processor.nextToken()
+    processor.back(next)
+    if (next[0] === 'brackets' || next[0] === '(') return 'call'
+  }
+
+  return type
+}
+
+function terminalHighlight(css) {
+  let processor = tokenizer(new Input(css), { ignoreErrors: true })
+  let result = ''
+  while (!processor.endOfFile()) {
+    let token = processor.nextToken()
+    let color = HIGHLIGHT_THEME[getTokenType(token, processor)]
+    if (color) {
+      result += token[1]
+        .split(/\r?\n/)
+        .map(i => color(i))
+        .join('\n')
+    } else {
+      result += token[1]
+    }
+  }
+  return result
+}
+
+terminalHighlight.registerInput = registerInput
+
+module.exports = terminalHighlight
diff --git a/lib/tokenize.js b/lib/tokenize.js
index 706ef6f74..229095dcb 100644
--- a/lib/tokenize.js
+++ b/lib/tokenize.js
@@ -1,220 +1,270 @@
-var singleQuote  = "'".charCodeAt(0),
-    doubleQuote  = '"'.charCodeAt(0),
-    backslash    = '\\'.charCodeAt(0),
-    slash        = '/'.charCodeAt(0),
-    newline      = '\n'.charCodeAt(0),
-    space        = ' '.charCodeAt(0),
-    feed         = '\f'.charCodeAt(0),
-    tab          = '\t'.charCodeAt(0),
-    cr           = '\r'.charCodeAt(0),
-    openBracket  = '('.charCodeAt(0),
-    closeBracket = ')'.charCodeAt(0),
-    openCurly    = '{'.charCodeAt(0),
-    closeCurly   = '}'.charCodeAt(0),
-    semicolon    = ';'.charCodeAt(0),
-    asterisk     = '*'.charCodeAt(0),
-    colon        = ':'.charCodeAt(0),
-    at           = '@'.charCodeAt(0),
-    atEnd        = /[ \n\t\r\{\(\)'"\\/]/g,
-    wordEnd      = /[ \n\t\r\(\)\{\}:;@!'"\\]|\/(?=\*)/g,
-    badBracket   = /.[\\\/\("'\n]/;
-
-export default function (input) {
-    var tokens = [];
-    var css    = input.css.valueOf();
-
-    var code, next, quote, lines, last, content, escape,
-        nextLine, nextOffset, escaped, escapePos, bad;
-
-    var length = css.length;
-    var offset = -1;
-    var line   =  1;
-    var pos    =  0;
-
-    var unclosed = function (what, end) {
-        if ( input.safe ) {
-            css += end;
-            next = css.length - 1;
+'use strict'
+
+const SINGLE_QUOTE = "'".charCodeAt(0)
+const DOUBLE_QUOTE = '"'.charCodeAt(0)
+const BACKSLASH = '\\'.charCodeAt(0)
+const SLASH = '/'.charCodeAt(0)
+const NEWLINE = '\n'.charCodeAt(0)
+const SPACE = ' '.charCodeAt(0)
+const FEED = '\f'.charCodeAt(0)
+const TAB = '\t'.charCodeAt(0)
+const CR = '\r'.charCodeAt(0)
+const OPEN_SQUARE = '['.charCodeAt(0)
+const CLOSE_SQUARE = ']'.charCodeAt(0)
+const OPEN_PARENTHESES = '('.charCodeAt(0)
+const CLOSE_PARENTHESES = ')'.charCodeAt(0)
+const OPEN_CURLY = '{'.charCodeAt(0)
+const CLOSE_CURLY = '}'.charCodeAt(0)
+const SEMICOLON = ';'.charCodeAt(0)
+const ASTERISK = '*'.charCodeAt(0)
+const COLON = ':'.charCodeAt(0)
+const AT = '@'.charCodeAt(0)
+
+const RE_AT_END = /[\t\n\f\r "#'()/;[\\\]{}]/g
+const RE_WORD_END = /[\t\n\f\r !"#'():;@[\\\]{}]|\/(?=\*)/g
+const RE_BAD_BRACKET = /.[\r\n"'(/\\]/
+const RE_HEX_ESCAPE = /[\da-f]/i
+
+module.exports = function tokenizer(input, options = {}) {
+  let css = input.css.valueOf()
+  let ignore = options.ignoreErrors
+
+  let code, content, escape, next, quote
+  let currentToken, escaped, escapePos, n, prev
+
+  let length = css.length
+  let pos = 0
+  let buffer = []
+  let returned = []
+  let lastBadParen = -1
+
+  function position() {
+    return pos
+  }
+
+  function unclosed(what) {
+    throw input.error('Unclosed ' + what, pos)
+  }
+
+  function endOfFile() {
+    return returned.length === 0 && pos >= length
+  }
+
+  function nextToken(opts) {
+    if (returned.length) return returned.pop()
+    if (pos >= length) return
+
+    let ignoreUnclosed = opts ? opts.ignoreUnclosed : false
+
+    code = css.charCodeAt(pos)
+
+    switch (code) {
+      case NEWLINE:
+      case SPACE:
+      case TAB:
+      case CR:
+      case FEED: {
+        next = pos
+        do {
+          next += 1
+          code = css.charCodeAt(next)
+        } while (
+          code === SPACE ||
+          code === NEWLINE ||
+          code === TAB ||
+          code === CR ||
+          code === FEED
+        )
+
+        currentToken = ['space', css.slice(pos, next)]
+        pos = next - 1
+        break
+      }
+
+      case OPEN_SQUARE:
+      case CLOSE_SQUARE:
+      case OPEN_CURLY:
+      case CLOSE_CURLY:
+      case COLON:
+      case SEMICOLON:
+      case CLOSE_PARENTHESES: {
+        let controlChar = String.fromCharCode(code)
+        currentToken = [controlChar, controlChar, pos]
+        break
+      }
+
+      case OPEN_PARENTHESES: {
+        prev = buffer.length ? buffer.pop()[1] : ''
+        n = css.charCodeAt(pos + 1)
+        if (
+          prev === 'url' &&
+          n !== SINGLE_QUOTE &&
+          n !== DOUBLE_QUOTE &&
+          n !== SPACE &&
+          n !== NEWLINE &&
+          n !== TAB &&
+          n !== FEED &&
+          n !== CR
+        ) {
+          next = pos
+          do {
+            escaped = false
+            next = css.indexOf(')', next + 1)
+            if (next === -1) {
+              if (ignore || ignoreUnclosed) {
+                next = pos
+                break
+              } else {
+                unclosed('bracket')
+              }
+            }
+            escapePos = next
+            while (css.charCodeAt(escapePos - 1) === BACKSLASH) {
+              escapePos -= 1
+              escaped = !escaped
+            }
+          } while (escaped)
+
+          currentToken = ['brackets', css.slice(pos, next + 1), pos, next]
+
+          pos = next
+        } else if (pos <= lastBadParen) {
+          currentToken = ['(', '(', pos]
         } else {
-            throw input.error('Unclosed ' + what, line, pos  - offset);
+          next = css.indexOf(')', pos + 1)
+          content = css.slice(pos, next + 1)
+
+          if (next === -1 || RE_BAD_BRACKET.test(content)) {
+            lastBadParen = next === -1 ? length : next
+            currentToken = ['(', '(', pos]
+          } else {
+            currentToken = ['brackets', content, pos, next]
+            pos = next
+          }
+        }
+
+        break
+      }
+
+      case SINGLE_QUOTE:
+      case DOUBLE_QUOTE: {
+        quote = code === SINGLE_QUOTE ? "'" : '"'
+        next = pos
+        do {
+          escaped = false
+          next = css.indexOf(quote, next + 1)
+          if (next === -1) {
+            if (ignore || ignoreUnclosed) {
+              next = pos + 1
+              break
+            } else {
+              unclosed('string')
+            }
+          }
+          escapePos = next
+          while (css.charCodeAt(escapePos - 1) === BACKSLASH) {
+            escapePos -= 1
+            escaped = !escaped
+          }
+        } while (escaped)
+
+        currentToken = ['string', css.slice(pos, next + 1), pos, next]
+        pos = next
+        break
+      }
+
+      case AT: {
+        RE_AT_END.lastIndex = pos + 1
+        RE_AT_END.test(css)
+        if (RE_AT_END.lastIndex === 0) {
+          next = css.length - 1
+        } else {
+          next = RE_AT_END.lastIndex - 2
         }
-    };
 
-    while ( pos < length ) {
-        code = css.charCodeAt(pos);
+        currentToken = ['at-word', css.slice(pos, next + 1), pos, next]
+
+        pos = next
+        break
+      }
 
-        if ( code == newline ) {
-            offset = pos;
-            line  += 1;
+      case BACKSLASH: {
+        next = pos
+        escape = true
+        while (css.charCodeAt(next + 1) === BACKSLASH) {
+          next += 1
+          escape = !escape
         }
+        code = css.charCodeAt(next + 1)
+        if (
+          escape &&
+          code !== SLASH &&
+          code !== SPACE &&
+          code !== NEWLINE &&
+          code !== TAB &&
+          code !== CR &&
+          code !== FEED
+        ) {
+          next += 1
+          if (RE_HEX_ESCAPE.test(css.charAt(next))) {
+            while (RE_HEX_ESCAPE.test(css.charAt(next + 1))) {
+              next += 1
+            }
+            if (css.charCodeAt(next + 1) === SPACE) {
+              next += 1
+            }
+          }
+        }
+
+        currentToken = ['word', css.slice(pos, next + 1), pos, next]
+
+        pos = next
+        break
+      }
+
+      default: {
+        if (code === SLASH && css.charCodeAt(pos + 1) === ASTERISK) {
+          next = css.indexOf('*/', pos + 2) + 1
+          if (next === 0) {
+            if (ignore || ignoreUnclosed) {
+              next = css.length
+            } else {
+              unclosed('comment')
+            }
+          }
 
-        switch ( code ) {
-            case newline:
-            case space:
-            case tab:
-            case cr:
-            case feed:
-                next = pos;
-                do {
-                    next += 1;
-                    code = css.charCodeAt(next);
-                    if ( code == newline ) {
-                        offset = next;
-                        line  += 1;
-                    }
-                } while ( code == space   ||
-                          code == newline ||
-                          code == tab     ||
-                          code == cr      ||
-                          code == feed );
-
-                tokens.push(['space', css.slice(pos, next)]);
-                pos = next - 1;
-                break;
-
-            case openCurly:
-                tokens.push(['{', '{', line, pos - offset]);
-                break;
-
-            case closeCurly:
-                tokens.push(['}', '}', line, pos - offset]);
-                break;
-
-            case colon:
-                tokens.push([':', ':', line, pos - offset]);
-                break;
-
-            case semicolon:
-                tokens.push([';', ';', line, pos - offset]);
-                break;
-
-            case openBracket:
-                next    = css.indexOf(')', pos + 1);
-                content = css.slice(pos, next + 1);
-
-                if ( next == -1 || badBracket.test(content) ) {
-                    tokens.push(['(', '(', line, pos - offset]);
-                } else {
-                    tokens.push(['brackets', content,
-                        line, pos  - offset,
-                        line, next - offset
-                    ]);
-                    pos = next;
-                }
-
-                break;
-
-            case closeBracket:
-                tokens.push([')', ')', line, pos - offset]);
-                break;
-
-            case singleQuote:
-            case doubleQuote:
-                quote = code == singleQuote ? "'" : '"';
-                next  = pos;
-                do {
-                    escaped = false;
-                    next    = css.indexOf(quote, next + 1);
-                    if ( next == -1 ) unclosed('quote', quote);
-                    escapePos = next;
-                    while ( css.charCodeAt(escapePos - 1) == backslash ) {
-                        escapePos -= 1;
-                        escaped = !escaped;
-                    }
-                } while ( escaped );
-
-                tokens.push(['string', css.slice(pos, next + 1),
-                    line, pos  - offset,
-                    line, next - offset
-                ]);
-                pos = next;
-                break;
-
-            case at:
-                atEnd.lastIndex = pos + 1;
-                atEnd.test(css);
-                if ( atEnd.lastIndex === 0 ) {
-                    next = css.length - 1;
-                } else {
-                    next = atEnd.lastIndex - 2;
-                }
-                tokens.push(['at-word', css.slice(pos, next + 1),
-                    line, pos  - offset,
-                    line, next - offset
-                ]);
-                pos = next;
-                break;
-
-            case backslash:
-                next   = pos;
-                escape = true;
-                while ( css.charCodeAt(next + 1) == backslash ) {
-                    next  += 1;
-                    escape = !escape;
-                }
-                code = css.charCodeAt(next + 1);
-                if ( escape && (code != slash   &&
-                                code != space   &&
-                                code != newline &&
-                                code != tab     &&
-                                code != cr      &&
-                                code != feed ) ) {
-                    next += 1;
-                }
-                tokens.push(['word', css.slice(pos, next + 1),
-                    line, pos  - offset,
-                    line, next - offset
-                ]);
-                pos = next;
-                break;
-
-            default:
-                if ( code == slash && css.charCodeAt(pos + 1) == asterisk ) {
-                    next = css.indexOf('*/', pos + 2) + 1;
-                    if ( next === 0 ) unclosed('comment', '*/');
-
-                    content = css.slice(pos, next + 1);
-                    lines   = content.split('\n');
-                    last    = lines.length - 1;
-
-                    if ( last > 0 ) {
-                        nextLine   = line + last;
-                        nextOffset = next - lines[last].length;
-                    } else {
-                        nextLine   = line;
-                        nextOffset = offset;
-                    }
-
-                    tokens.push(['comment', content,
-                        line,     pos  - offset,
-                        nextLine, next - nextOffset
-                    ]);
-
-                    offset = nextOffset;
-                    line   = nextLine;
-                    pos    = next;
-
-                } else {
-                    wordEnd.lastIndex = pos + 1;
-                    wordEnd.test(css);
-                    if ( wordEnd.lastIndex === 0 ) {
-                        next = css.length - 1;
-                    } else {
-                        next = wordEnd.lastIndex - 2;
-                    }
-
-                    tokens.push(['word', css.slice(pos, next + 1),
-                        line, pos  - offset,
-                        line, next - offset
-                    ]);
-                    pos = next;
-                }
-
-                break;
+          currentToken = ['comment', css.slice(pos, next + 1), pos, next]
+          pos = next
+        } else {
+          RE_WORD_END.lastIndex = pos + 1
+          RE_WORD_END.test(css)
+          if (RE_WORD_END.lastIndex === 0) {
+            next = css.length - 1
+          } else {
+            next = RE_WORD_END.lastIndex - 2
+          }
+
+          currentToken = ['word', css.slice(pos, next + 1), pos, next]
+          buffer.push(currentToken)
+          pos = next
         }
 
-        pos++;
+        break
+      }
     }
 
-    return tokens;
+    pos++
+    return currentToken
+  }
+
+  function back(token) {
+    returned.push(token)
+  }
+
+  return {
+    back,
+    endOfFile,
+    nextToken,
+    position
+  }
 }
diff --git a/lib/vendor.js b/lib/vendor.js
deleted file mode 100644
index 5662fed0c..000000000
--- a/lib/vendor.js
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,30 +0,0 @@
-// Methods to work with vendor prefixes
-export default {
-
-    // Return vendor prefix from property name, if it exists
-    //
-    //   vendor.prefix('-moz-box-sizing') #=> '-moz-'
-    //   vendor.prefix('box-sizing')      #=> ''
-    prefix(prop) {
-        if ( prop[0] == '-' ) {
-            var sep = prop.indexOf('-', 1);
-            return prop.substr(0, sep + 1);
-        } else {
-            return '';
-        }
-    },
-
-    // Remove prefix from property name
-    //
-    //   vendor.prefix('-moz-box-sizing') #=> 'box-sizing'
-    //   vendor.prefix('box-sizing')      #=> 'box-sizing'
-    unprefixed(prop) {
-        if ( prop[0] == '-' ) {
-            var sep = prop.indexOf('-', 1);
-            return prop.substr(sep + 1);
-        } else {
-            return prop;
-        }
-    }
-
-};
diff --git a/lib/warn-once.js b/lib/warn-once.js
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..316e1cf46
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/warn-once.js
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+/* eslint-disable no-console */
+'use strict'
+
+let printed = {}
+
+module.exports = function warnOnce(message) {
+  if (printed[message]) return
+  printed[message] = true
+
+  if (typeof console !== 'undefined' && console.warn) {
+    console.warn(message)
+  }
+}
diff --git a/lib/warning.d.ts b/lib/warning.d.ts
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..64413e4ec
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/warning.d.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,146 @@
+import { RangePosition } from './css-syntax-error.js'
+import Node from './node.js'
+
+declare namespace Warning {
+  export interface WarningOptions {
+    /**
+     * End position, exclusive, in CSS node string that caused the warning.
+     */
+    end?: RangePosition
+
+    /**
+     * End index, exclusive, in CSS node string that caused the warning.
+     */
+    endIndex?: number
+
+    /**
+     * Start index, inclusive, in CSS node string that caused the warning.
+     */
+    index?: number
+
+    /**
+     * CSS node that caused the warning.
+     */
+    node?: Node
+
+    /**
+     * Name of the plugin that created this warning. `Result#warn` fills
+     * this property automatically.
+     */
+    plugin?: string
+
+    /**
+     * Start position, inclusive, in CSS node string that caused the warning.
+     */
+    start?: RangePosition
+
+    /**
+     * Word in CSS source that caused the warning.
+     */
+    word?: string
+  }
+
+  export { Warning_ as default }
+}
+
+/**
+ * Represents a plugin’s warning. It can be created using `Node#warn`.
+ *
+ * ```js
+ * if (decl.important) {
+ *   decl.warn(result, 'Avoid !important', { word: '!important' })
+ * }
+ * ```
+ */
+declare class Warning_ {
+  /**
+   * Column for inclusive start position in the input file with this warning’s source.
+   *
+   * ```js
+   * warning.column //=> 6
+   * ```
+   */
+  column: number
+
+  /**
+   * Column for exclusive end position in the input file with this warning’s source.
+   *
+   * ```js
+   * warning.endColumn //=> 4
+   * ```
+   */
+  endColumn?: number
+
+  /**
+   * Line for exclusive end position in the input file with this warning’s source.
+   *
+   * ```js
+   * warning.endLine //=> 6
+   * ```
+   */
+  endLine?: number
+
+  /**
+   * Line for inclusive start position in the input file with this warning’s source.
+   *
+   * ```js
+   * warning.line //=> 5
+   * ```
+   */
+  line: number
+
+  /**
+   * Contains the CSS node that caused the warning.
+   *
+   * ```js
+   * warning.node.toString() //=> 'color: white !important'
+   * ```
+   */
+  node: Node
+
+  /**
+   * The name of the plugin that created this warning.
+   * When you call `Node#warn` it will fill this property automatically.
+   *
+   * ```js
+   * warning.plugin //=> 'postcss-important'
+   * ```
+   */
+  plugin: string
+
+  /**
+   * The warning message.
+   *
+   * ```js
+   * warning.text //=> 'Try to avoid !important'
+   * ```
+   */
+  text: string
+
+  /**
+   * Type to filter warnings from `Result#messages`.
+   * Always equal to `"warning"`.
+   */
+  type: 'warning'
+
+  /**
+   * @param text Warning message.
+   * @param opts Warning options.
+   */
+  constructor(text: string, opts?: Warning.WarningOptions)
+
+  /**
+   * Returns a warning position and message.
+   *
+   * ```js
+   * warning.toString() //=> 'postcss-lint:a.css:10:14: Avoid !important'
+   * ```
+   *
+   * @return Warning position and message.
+   */
+  toString(): string
+}
+
+declare class Warning extends Warning_ {}
+
+export = Warning
diff --git a/lib/warning.js b/lib/warning.js
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..a4edbd31c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/warning.js
@@ -0,0 +1,47 @@
+'use strict'
+
+let Container = require('./container')
+let { my } = require('./symbols')
+
+class Warning {
+  constructor(text, opts = {}) {
+    this.type = 'warning'
+    this.text = text
+
+    if (opts.node && opts.node.source) {
+      if (!opts.node[my]) {
+        // The node comes from another PostCSS copy in node_modules, so it does
+        // not have this copy’s methods. Container#normalize() rebuilds such
+        // nodes on insert, but a node passed straight to Result#warn() never
+        // goes through it.
+        Container.rebuild(opts.node)
+      }
+      let range = opts.node.rangeBy(opts)
+      this.line = range.start.line
+      this.column = range.start.column
+      this.endLine = range.end.line
+      this.endColumn = range.end.column
+    }
+
+    for (let opt in opts) this[opt] = opts[opt]
+  }
+
+  toString() {
+    if (this.node) {
+      return this.node.error(this.text, {
+        index: this.index,
+        plugin: this.plugin,
+        word: this.word
+      }).message
+    }
+
+    if (this.plugin) {
+      return this.plugin + ': ' + this.text
+    }
+
+    return this.text
+  }
+}
+
+module.exports = Warning
+Warning.default = Warning
diff --git a/logo.svg b/logo.svg
deleted file mode 100644
index 9675cde21..000000000
--- a/logo.svg
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1 +0,0 @@
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diff --git a/oxfmt.config.ts b/oxfmt.config.ts
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..255d86409
--- /dev/null
+++ b/oxfmt.config.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+import loguxOxfmtConfig from '@logux/oxc-configs/fmt'
+
+export default loguxOxfmtConfig
diff --git a/package.json b/package.json
index e14dd6c40..84f7b7c11 100644
--- a/package.json
+++ b/package.json
@@ -1,51 +1,149 @@
 {
-    "name": "postcss",
-    "version": "4.0.4",
-    "description": "Tool for transforming CSS with JS plugins",
-    "keywords": ["css", "postproccessor", "parser", "source map",
-                 "manipulation", "preprocess", "transform",
-                 "transpiler"],
-    "author": "Andrey Sitnik <andrey@sitnik.ru>",
-    "license": "MIT",
-    "repository": {
-        "type": "git",
-        "url":  "https://github.com/postcss/postcss.git"
+  "name": "postcss",
+  "version": "8.5.26",
+  "description": "Tool for transforming styles with JS plugins",
+  "keywords": [
+    "css",
+    "manipulation",
+    "parser",
+    "postcss",
+    "preprocessor",
+    "rework",
+    "source map",
+    "transform",
+    "transpiler"
+  ],
+  "homepage": "https://postcss.org/",
+  "bugs": {
+    "url": "https://github.com/postcss/postcss/issues"
+  },
+  "license": "MIT",
+  "author": "Andrey Sitnik <andrey@sitnik.es>",
+  "repository": "postcss/postcss",
+  "funding": [
+    {
+      "type": "opencollective",
+      "url": "https://opencollective.com/postcss/"
     },
-    "dependencies": {
-        "source-map": "~0.2.0",
-        "js-base64":  "~2.1.7",
-        "babel":       "4.4.5"
+    {
+      "type": "tidelift",
+      "url": "https://tidelift.com/funding/github/npm/postcss"
     },
-    "devDependencies": {
-        "concat-with-sourcemaps": "1.0.0",
-        "gulp-bench-summary":     "0.1.0",
-        "gulp-json-editor":       "2.2.1",
-        "jshint-stylish":         "1.0.0",
-        "gulp-jshint":            "1.9.2",
-        "gonzales-pe":            "3.0.0-26",
-        "browserify":             "9.0.3",
-        "gulp-babel":             "4.0.0",
-        "gulp-bench":             "1.1.0",
-        "gulp-mocha":             "2.0.0",
-        "node-sass":              "2.0.1",
-        "gulp-util":              "3.0.3",
-        "execSync":               "1.0.2",
-        "fs-extra":               "0.16.3",
-        "gonzales":               "1.0.7",
-        "through2":               "0.6.3",
-        "stylecow":               "4.2.4",
-        "request":                "2.53.0",
-        "cssnext":                "1.0.1",
-        "rework":                 "1.0.1",
-        "mensch":                 "0.3.1",
-        "stylus":                 "0.50.0",
-        "mocha":                  "2.1.0",
-        "cssom":                  "0.3.0",
-        "gulp":                   "3.8.11",
-        "less":                   "2.4.0",
-        "chai":                   "2.0.0"
+    {
+      "type": "github",
+      "url": "https://github.com/sponsors/ai"
+    }
+  ],
+  "main": "./lib/postcss.js",
+  "browser": {
+    "./lib/terminal-highlight": false,
+    "source-map-js": false,
+    "path": false,
+    "url": false,
+    "fs": false
+  },
+  "types": "./lib/postcss.d.ts",
+  "exports": {
+    ".": {
+      "import": "./lib/postcss.mjs",
+      "require": "./lib/postcss.js"
     },
-    "scripts": {
-        "test": "gulp"
+    "./lib/at-rule": "./lib/at-rule.js",
+    "./lib/comment": "./lib/comment.js",
+    "./lib/container": "./lib/container.js",
+    "./lib/css-syntax-error": "./lib/css-syntax-error.js",
+    "./lib/declaration": "./lib/declaration.js",
+    "./lib/fromJSON": "./lib/fromJSON.js",
+    "./lib/input": "./lib/input.js",
+    "./lib/lazy-result": "./lib/lazy-result.js",
+    "./lib/no-work-result": "./lib/no-work-result.js",
+    "./lib/list": "./lib/list.js",
+    "./lib/map-generator": "./lib/map-generator.js",
+    "./lib/node": "./lib/node.js",
+    "./lib/parse": "./lib/parse.js",
+    "./lib/parser": "./lib/parser.js",
+    "./lib/postcss": "./lib/postcss.js",
+    "./lib/previous-map": "./lib/previous-map.js",
+    "./lib/processor": "./lib/processor.js",
+    "./lib/result": "./lib/result.js",
+    "./lib/root": "./lib/root.js",
+    "./lib/rule": "./lib/rule.js",
+    "./lib/stringifier": "./lib/stringifier.js",
+    "./lib/stringify": "./lib/stringify.js",
+    "./lib/symbols": "./lib/symbols.js",
+    "./lib/terminal-highlight": "./lib/terminal-highlight.js",
+    "./lib/tokenize": "./lib/tokenize.js",
+    "./lib/warn-once": "./lib/warn-once.js",
+    "./lib/warning": "./lib/warning.js",
+    "./package.json": "./package.json"
+  },
+  "scripts": {
+    "test:lint": "eslint .",
+    "test:types": "check-dts",
+    "test:version": "node ./test/version.js",
+    "test:coverage": "c8 pnpm unit",
+    "test:integration": "node ./test/integration.js",
+    "test:size": "size-limit",
+    "test": "FORCE_COLOR=1 pnpm run /^test:/",
+    "unit": "uvu -r ts-node/register/transpile-only test \"\\.test\\.(ts|js)$\"",
+    "old": "node --require ./test/old-node.js ./node_modules/uvu/bin.js -r module test \"\\.test\\.(ts|js)$\""
+  },
+  "dependencies": {
+    "nanoid": "^3.3.18",
+    "picocolors": "^1.1.1",
+    "source-map-js": "^1.2.1"
+  },
+  "devDependencies": {
+    "@logux/eslint-config": "^57.1.0",
+    "@logux/oxc-configs": "^1.1.0",
+    "@size-limit/preset-small-lib": "^13.0.3",
+    "@types/node": "^26.2.0",
+    "actions-up": "^1.17.0",
+    "c8": "^12.0.0",
+    "check-dts": "^0.9.0",
+    "concat-with-sourcemaps": "^1.1.0",
+    "eslint": "^10.8.1",
+    "multiocular": "^0.8.4",
+    "nanodelay": "^1.0.8",
+    "nanospy": "^2.0.2",
+    "postcss-parser-tests": "^8.10.0",
+    "simple-git-hooks": "^2.13.1",
+    "size-limit": "^13.0.3",
+    "strip-ansi": "^6.0.1",
+    "ts-node": "^10.9.2",
+    "typescript": "^5.9.3",
+    "uvu": "^0.5.6"
+  },
+  "simple-git-hooks": {
+    "pre-commit": "./test/version.js"
+  },
+  "prettier": {
+    "arrowParens": "avoid",
+    "jsxSingleQuote": false,
+    "quoteProps": "consistent",
+    "semi": false,
+    "singleQuote": true,
+    "trailingComma": "none"
+  },
+  "size-limit": [
+    {
+      "path": "lib/postcss.js",
+      "limit": "16.5 KB"
     }
+  ],
+  "c8": {
+    "check-coverage": true,
+    "exclude": [
+      "**/*.test.*",
+      "lib/map-generator.js"
+    ],
+    "lines": 100,
+    "reporter": "lcov"
+  },
+  "engines": {
+    "node": "^10 || ^12 || >=14"
+  },
+  "clean-publish": {
+    "cleanDocs": true
+  }
 }
diff --git a/pnpm-lock.yaml b/pnpm-lock.yaml
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..a5c5b528f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/pnpm-lock.yaml
@@ -0,0 +1,3004 @@
+lockfileVersion: '9.0'
+
+settings:
+  autoInstallPeers: true
+  excludeLinksFromLockfile: false
+
+importers:
+
+  .:
+    dependencies:
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+        specifier: ^3.3.18
+        version: 3.3.18
+      picocolors:
+        specifier: ^1.1.1
+        version: 1.1.1
+      source-map-js:
+        specifier: ^1.2.1
+        version: 1.2.1
+    devDependencies:
+      '@logux/eslint-config':
+        specifier: ^57.1.0
+        version: 57.1.0(@typescript-eslint/utils@8.67.0(eslint@10.8.1(supports-color@7.2.0))(supports-color@7.2.0)(typescript@5.9.3))(eslint@10.8.1(supports-color@7.2.0))(supports-color@7.2.0)(typescript@5.9.3)
+      '@logux/oxc-configs':
+        specifier: ^1.1.0
+        version: 1.1.0(oxlint-tsgolint@7.0.2001)(oxlint@1.76.0(oxlint-tsgolint@7.0.2001))(typescript@5.9.3)
+      '@size-limit/preset-small-lib':
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+        version: 13.0.3(size-limit@13.0.3)
+      '@types/node':
+        specifier: ^26.2.0
+        version: 26.2.0
+      actions-up:
+        specifier: ^1.17.0
+        version: 1.17.0
+      c8:
+        specifier: ^12.0.0
+        version: 12.0.0
+      check-dts:
+        specifier: ^0.9.0
+        version: 0.9.0(typescript@5.9.3)
+      concat-with-sourcemaps:
+        specifier: ^1.1.0
+        version: 1.1.0
+      eslint:
+        specifier: ^10.8.1
+        version: 10.8.1(supports-color@7.2.0)
+      multiocular:
+        specifier: ^0.8.4
+        version: 0.8.4(@logux/core@0.10.0)
+      nanodelay:
+        specifier: ^1.0.8
+        version: 1.0.8
+      nanospy:
+        specifier: ^2.0.2
+        version: 2.0.2
+      postcss-parser-tests:
+        specifier: ^8.10.0
+        version: 8.10.0
+      simple-git-hooks:
+        specifier: ^2.13.1
+        version: 2.13.1
+      size-limit:
+        specifier: ^13.0.3
+        version: 13.0.3
+      strip-ansi:
+        specifier: ^6.0.1
+        version: 6.0.1
+      ts-node:
+        specifier: ^10.9.2
+        version: 10.9.2(@types/node@26.2.0)(typescript@5.9.3)
+      typescript:
+        specifier: ^5.9.3
+        version: 5.9.3
+      uvu:
+        specifier: ^0.5.6
+        version: 0.5.6
+
+packages:
+
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+    resolution: {integrity: sha512-6zABk/ECA/QYSCQ1NGiVwwbQerUCZ+TQbp64Q3AgmfNvurHH0j8TtXa1qbShXA6qqkpAj4V5W8pP6mLe1mcMqA==}
+    engines: {node: '>=18'}
+
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+    engines: {node: '>=12'}
+
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+
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+
+  multiocular@0.8.4(@logux/core@0.10.0):
+    dependencies:
+      '@logux/actions': 0.5.0(@logux/core@0.10.0)
+      '@logux/server': 0.14.0
+      diff2html: 3.4.56
+      dompurify: 3.4.13
+      highlight.js: 11.12.0
+      marked: 18.0.9
+      nanostores: 1.4.2
+      yaml: 2.9.0
+    transitivePeerDependencies:
+      - '@logux/core'
+      - bufferutil
+      - utf-8-validate
+
+  nanodelay@1.0.8: {}
+
+  nanoevents@9.1.0: {}
+
+  nanoid@3.3.18: {}
+
+  nanoid@5.1.16: {}
+
+  nanoid@6.0.1: {}
+
+  nanospinner@1.2.2:
+    dependencies:
+      picocolors: 1.1.1
+
+  nanospy@2.0.2: {}
+
+  nanostores@1.4.2: {}
+
+  napi-postinstall@0.3.4: {}
+
+  natural-compare@1.4.0: {}
+
+  natural-orderby@5.0.0: {}
+
+  nopt@1.0.10:
+    dependencies:
+      abbrev: 1.1.1
+
+  optionator@0.9.4:
+    dependencies:
+      deep-is: 0.1.4
+      fast-levenshtein: 2.0.6
+      levn: 0.4.1
+      prelude-ls: 1.2.1
+      type-check: 0.4.0
+      word-wrap: 1.2.5
+
+  oxlint-tsgolint@7.0.2001:
+    optionalDependencies:
+      '@oxlint-tsgolint/darwin-arm64': 7.0.2001
+      '@oxlint-tsgolint/darwin-x64': 7.0.2001
+      '@oxlint-tsgolint/linux-arm64': 7.0.2001
+      '@oxlint-tsgolint/linux-x64': 7.0.2001
+      '@oxlint-tsgolint/win32-arm64': 7.0.2001
+      '@oxlint-tsgolint/win32-x64': 7.0.2001
+
+  oxlint@1.76.0(oxlint-tsgolint@7.0.2001):
+    optionalDependencies:
+      '@oxlint/binding-android-arm-eabi': 1.76.0
+      '@oxlint/binding-android-arm64': 1.76.0
+      '@oxlint/binding-darwin-arm64': 1.76.0
+      '@oxlint/binding-darwin-x64': 1.76.0
+      '@oxlint/binding-freebsd-x64': 1.76.0
+      '@oxlint/binding-linux-arm-gnueabihf': 1.76.0
+      '@oxlint/binding-linux-arm-musleabihf': 1.76.0
+      '@oxlint/binding-linux-arm64-gnu': 1.76.0
+      '@oxlint/binding-linux-arm64-musl': 1.76.0
+      '@oxlint/binding-linux-ppc64-gnu': 1.76.0
+      '@oxlint/binding-linux-riscv64-gnu': 1.76.0
+      '@oxlint/binding-linux-riscv64-musl': 1.76.0
+      '@oxlint/binding-linux-s390x-gnu': 1.76.0
+      '@oxlint/binding-linux-x64-gnu': 1.76.0
+      '@oxlint/binding-linux-x64-musl': 1.76.0
+      '@oxlint/binding-openharmony-arm64': 1.76.0
+      '@oxlint/binding-win32-arm64-msvc': 1.76.0
+      '@oxlint/binding-win32-ia32-msvc': 1.76.0
+      '@oxlint/binding-win32-x64-msvc': 1.76.0
+      oxlint-tsgolint: 7.0.2001
+
+  p-limit@3.1.0:
+    dependencies:
+      yocto-queue: 0.1.0
+
+  p-locate@5.0.0:
+    dependencies:
+      p-limit: 3.1.0
+
+  parent-module@1.0.1:
+    dependencies:
+      callsites: 3.1.0
+
+  path-exists@4.0.0: {}
+
+  path-key@3.1.1: {}
+
+  path-scurry@2.0.2:
+    dependencies:
+      lru-cache: 11.5.2
+      minipass: 7.1.3
+
+  picocolors@1.1.1: {}
+
+  picomatch@2.3.2: {}
+
+  picomatch@4.0.5: {}
+
+  postcss-parser-tests@8.10.0:
+    dependencies:
+      picocolors: 1.1.1
+
+  prelude-ls@1.2.1: {}
+
+  punycode@2.3.1: {}
+
+  queue-microtask@1.2.3: {}
+
+  requireindex@1.2.0: {}
+
+  resolve-from@4.0.0: {}
+
+  resolve-pkg-maps@1.0.0: {}
+
+  reusify@1.1.0: {}
+
+  run-parallel@1.2.0:
+    dependencies:
+      queue-microtask: 1.2.3
+
+  sade@1.8.1:
+    dependencies:
+      mri: 1.2.0
+
+  semver@7.8.5: {}
+
+  shebang-command@2.0.0:
+    dependencies:
+      shebang-regex: 3.0.0
+
+  shebang-regex@3.0.0: {}
+
+  signal-exit@4.1.0: {}
+
+  simple-git-hooks@2.13.1: {}
+
+  size-limit@13.0.3:
+    dependencies:
+      bytes-iec: 3.1.1
+      lilconfig: 3.1.3
+      nanospinner: 1.2.2
+
+  source-map-js@1.2.1: {}
+
+  source-map@0.6.1: {}
+
+  stable-hash-x@0.2.0: {}
+
+  string-width@7.2.0:
+    dependencies:
+      emoji-regex: 10.6.0
+      get-east-asian-width: 1.6.0
+      strip-ansi: 7.2.0
+
+  string-width@8.2.2:
+    dependencies:
+      get-east-asian-width: 1.6.0
+      strip-ansi: 7.2.0
+
+  strip-ansi@6.0.1:
+    dependencies:
+      ansi-regex: 5.0.1
+
+  strip-ansi@7.2.0:
+    dependencies:
+      ansi-regex: 6.3.0
+
+  strip-json-comments@3.1.1: {}
+
+  supports-color@7.2.0:
+    dependencies:
+      has-flag: 4.0.0
+
+  tapable@2.3.3: {}
+
+  test-exclude@8.0.0:
+    dependencies:
+      '@istanbuljs/schema': 0.1.6
+      glob: 13.0.6
+      minimatch: 10.2.6
+
+  tinyglobby@0.2.17:
+    dependencies:
+      fdir: 6.5.0(picomatch@4.0.5)
+      picomatch: 4.0.5
+
+  to-regex-range@5.0.1:
+    dependencies:
+      is-number: 7.0.0
+
+  ts-api-utils@2.5.0(typescript@5.9.3):
+    dependencies:
+      typescript: 5.9.3
+
+  ts-declaration-location@1.0.7(typescript@5.9.3):
+    dependencies:
+      picomatch: 4.0.5
+      typescript: 5.9.3
+
+  ts-node@10.9.2(@types/node@26.2.0)(typescript@5.9.3):
+    dependencies:
+      '@cspotcode/source-map-support': 0.8.1
+      '@tsconfig/node10': 1.0.12
+      '@tsconfig/node12': 1.0.11
+      '@tsconfig/node14': 1.0.3
+      '@tsconfig/node16': 1.0.4
+      '@types/node': 26.2.0
+      acorn: 8.18.0
+      acorn-walk: 8.3.5
+      arg: 4.1.3
+      create-require: 1.1.1
+      diff: 4.0.4
+      make-error: 1.3.6
+      typescript: 5.9.3
+      v8-compile-cache-lib: 3.0.1
+      yn: 3.1.1
+
+  tslib@2.8.1:
+    optional: true
+
+  type-check@0.4.0:
+    dependencies:
+      prelude-ls: 1.2.1
+
+  typescript-eslint@8.67.0(eslint@10.8.1(supports-color@7.2.0))(supports-color@7.2.0)(typescript@5.9.3):
+    dependencies:
+      '@typescript-eslint/eslint-plugin': 8.67.0(@typescript-eslint/parser@8.67.0(eslint@10.8.1(supports-color@7.2.0))(supports-color@7.2.0)(typescript@5.9.3))(eslint@10.8.1(supports-color@7.2.0))(supports-color@7.2.0)(typescript@5.9.3)
+      '@typescript-eslint/parser': 8.67.0(eslint@10.8.1(supports-color@7.2.0))(supports-color@7.2.0)(typescript@5.9.3)
+      '@typescript-eslint/typescript-estree': 8.67.0(supports-color@7.2.0)(typescript@5.9.3)
+      '@typescript-eslint/utils': 8.67.0(eslint@10.8.1(supports-color@7.2.0))(supports-color@7.2.0)(typescript@5.9.3)
+      eslint: 10.8.1(supports-color@7.2.0)
+      typescript: 5.9.3
+    transitivePeerDependencies:
+      - supports-color
+
+  typescript@5.9.3: {}
+
+  undici-types@8.3.0: {}
+
+  unist-util-stringify-position@4.0.0:
+    dependencies:
+      '@types/unist': 3.0.3
+
+  unrs-resolver@1.12.2:
+    dependencies:
+      napi-postinstall: 0.3.4
+    optionalDependencies:
+      '@unrs/resolver-binding-android-arm-eabi': 1.12.2
+      '@unrs/resolver-binding-android-arm64': 1.12.2
+      '@unrs/resolver-binding-darwin-arm64': 1.12.2
+      '@unrs/resolver-binding-darwin-x64': 1.12.2
+      '@unrs/resolver-binding-freebsd-x64': 1.12.2
+      '@unrs/resolver-binding-linux-arm-gnueabihf': 1.12.2
+      '@unrs/resolver-binding-linux-arm-musleabihf': 1.12.2
+      '@unrs/resolver-binding-linux-arm64-gnu': 1.12.2
+      '@unrs/resolver-binding-linux-arm64-musl': 1.12.2
+      '@unrs/resolver-binding-linux-loong64-gnu': 1.12.2
+      '@unrs/resolver-binding-linux-loong64-musl': 1.12.2
+      '@unrs/resolver-binding-linux-ppc64-gnu': 1.12.2
+      '@unrs/resolver-binding-linux-riscv64-gnu': 1.12.2
+      '@unrs/resolver-binding-linux-riscv64-musl': 1.12.2
+      '@unrs/resolver-binding-linux-s390x-gnu': 1.12.2
+      '@unrs/resolver-binding-linux-x64-gnu': 1.12.2
+      '@unrs/resolver-binding-linux-x64-musl': 1.12.2
+      '@unrs/resolver-binding-openharmony-arm64': 1.12.2
+      '@unrs/resolver-binding-wasm32-wasi': 1.12.2
+      '@unrs/resolver-binding-win32-arm64-msvc': 1.12.2
+      '@unrs/resolver-binding-win32-ia32-msvc': 1.12.2
+      '@unrs/resolver-binding-win32-x64-msvc': 1.12.2
+
+  uri-js@4.4.1:
+    dependencies:
+      punycode: 2.3.1
+
+  url-pattern@1.0.3: {}
+
+  uvu@0.5.6:
+    dependencies:
+      dequal: 2.0.3
+      diff: 5.2.2
+      kleur: 4.1.5
+      sade: 1.8.1
+
+  v8-compile-cache-lib@3.0.1: {}
+
+  v8-to-istanbul@9.3.0:
+    dependencies:
+      '@jridgewell/trace-mapping': 0.3.31
+      '@types/istanbul-lib-coverage': 2.0.6
+      convert-source-map: 2.0.0
+
+  vfile-location@5.0.3:
+    dependencies:
+      '@types/unist': 3.0.3
+      vfile: 6.0.3
+
+  vfile-message@4.0.3:
+    dependencies:
+      '@types/unist': 3.0.3
+      unist-util-stringify-position: 4.0.0
+
+  vfile@6.0.3:
+    dependencies:
+      '@types/unist': 3.0.3
+      vfile-message: 4.0.3
+
+  which@2.0.2:
+    dependencies:
+      isexe: 2.0.0
+
+  word-wrap@1.2.5: {}
+
+  wrap-ansi@9.0.2:
+    dependencies:
+      ansi-styles: 6.2.3
+      string-width: 7.2.0
+      strip-ansi: 7.2.0
+
+  ws@8.21.3: {}
+
+  y18n@5.0.8: {}
+
+  yaml@2.9.0: {}
+
+  yargs-parser@21.1.1: {}
+
+  yargs-parser@22.0.0: {}
+
+  yargs@18.1.0:
+    dependencies:
+      cliui: 9.0.1
+      escalade: 3.2.0
+      get-caller-file: 2.0.5
+      string-width: 8.2.2
+      y18n: 5.0.8
+      yargs-parser: 22.0.0
+
+  yn@3.1.1: {}
+
+  yocto-queue@0.1.0: {}
diff --git a/pnpm-workspace.yaml b/pnpm-workspace.yaml
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..b1f4d1e62
--- /dev/null
+++ b/pnpm-workspace.yaml
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+allowBuilds:
+  esbuild: false
+  simple-git-hooks: true
+  unrs-resolver: false
+minimumReleaseAgeExclude:
+  - postcss-parser-tests
diff --git a/tasks/compare.js b/tasks/compare.js
deleted file mode 100644
index d58f4e010..000000000
--- a/tasks/compare.js
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,48 +0,0 @@
-var through = require('through2');
-var gutil   = require('gulp-util');
-var path    = require('path');
-var gulp    = require('gulp');
-
-function compare(prev, current) {
-    var prevName    = path.basename(prev.file, '.json');
-    var currentName = path.basename(current.file, '.json');
-    prev    = prev.contents[0].hz;
-    current = current.contents[0].hz;
-    if ( current > prev ) {
-        gutil.log(currentName, 'is',
-            gutil.colors.green( (current / prev).toFixed(2) + ' times faster'),
-            'that', prevName);
-    } else {
-        gutil.log(currentName, 'is',
-            gutil.colors.red( (prev / current).toFixed(2) + ' times slower'),
-            'that', prevName);
-    }
-}
-
-function result(buff) {
-    return {
-        contents: JSON.parse(buff.contents.toString()),
-        file:     path.basename(buff.path)
-    };
-}
-
-function pipe(file, alldone) {
-    var current = result(file);
-
-    return through.obj(function (file, type, done) {
-        var prev = result(file);
-        compare(prev, current);
-        done();
-    }, function (callback) {
-        alldone();
-        callback();
-    });
-}
-
-module.exports = function(name) {
-    return through.obj(function (file, type, done) {
-        gulp.src(['!benchmark/results/' + name + '.json',
-                  'benchmark/results/*.json']).pipe( pipe(file, done) );
-        this.push(file);
-    });
-};
diff --git a/tasks/get.js b/tasks/get.js
deleted file mode 100644
index ecb6d9e89..000000000
--- a/tasks/get.js
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,35 +0,0 @@
-var request = require('request');
-var zlib    = require('zlib');
-
-module.exports = function (url, callback) {
-    if ( url.match(/^github:/) ) {
-        var parts = url.split(':');
-        url = 'https://raw.githubusercontent.com/' +
-            parts[1] + '/master/' + parts[2];
-    }
-
-    request.get({ url: url, headers: {'accept-encoding': 'gzip,deflate'} })
-        .on('response', function (res) {
-            var chunks = [];
-            res.on('data', function (i) {
-                chunks.push(i);
-            });
-            res.on('end', function () {
-                var buffer = Buffer.concat(chunks);
-
-                if ( res.headers['content-encoding'] == 'gzip' ) {
-                    zlib.gunzip(buffer, function (err, decoded) {
-                        callback(decoded.toString());
-                    });
-
-                } else if ( res.headers['content-encoding'] == 'deflate' ) {
-                    zlib.inflate(buffer, function (err, decoded) {
-                        callback(decoded.toString());
-                    });
-
-                } else {
-                    callback(buffer.toString());
-                }
-            });
-        });
-};
diff --git a/tasks/styles.js b/tasks/styles.js
deleted file mode 100644
index d47fb239f..000000000
--- a/tasks/styles.js
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,56 +0,0 @@
-var get = require('./get');
-
-var findStyles = function (url, callback) {
-    if ( url.match(/\.css$/) ) {
-        callback([url]);
-        return;
-    }
-
-    get(url, function (html) {
-        var files = html.match(/[^"]+\.css("|')/g);
-        if ( !files ) throw "Can't find CSS links at " + url;
-        files = files.map(function(path) {
-            path = path.slice(0, -1);
-            if ( path.match(/^https?:/) ) {
-                return path;
-            } else {
-                return path.replace(/^\.?\.?\/?/, url);
-            }
-        });
-        callback(files);
-    });
-};
-
-module.exports = function (sites, callbacks) {
-    var links = [];
-    var nextLink = function () {
-        if ( links.length === 0 ) {
-            nextSite();
-            return;
-        }
-
-        var url = links.shift();
-        get(url, function (css) {
-            if ( callbacks.css(css, url) ) {
-                nextLink();
-            }
-        });
-    };
-
-    var nextSite = function () {
-        if ( sites.length === 0 ) {
-            callbacks.done();
-            return;
-        }
-        var site = sites.shift();
-        var name = Object.keys(site)[0];
-        callbacks.site(name);
-
-        findStyles(site[name], function (files) {
-            links = files;
-            nextLink();
-        });
-    };
-
-    nextSite();
-};
diff --git a/test/at-rule.js b/test/at-rule.js
deleted file mode 100644
index b42191c3e..000000000
--- a/test/at-rule.js
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,36 +0,0 @@
-import Declaration from '../lib/declaration';
-import AtRule      from '../lib/at-rule';
-import parse       from '../lib/parse';
-import Rule        from '../lib/rule';
-
-import { expect } from 'chai';
-
-describe('AtRule', () => {
-
-    it('initializes with properties', () => {
-        var rule = new AtRule({ name: 'encoding', params: '"utf-8"' });
-
-        expect(rule.name).to.eql('encoding');
-        expect(rule.params).to.eql('"utf-8"');
-
-        expect(rule.toString()).to.eql('@encoding "utf-8"');
-    });
-
-    describe('toString()', () => {
-
-        it('inserts default spaces', () => {
-            var rule = new AtRule({ name: 'page', params: 1, nodes: [] });
-            expect(rule.toString()).to.eql('@page 1 {}');
-        });
-
-        it('clone spaces from another at-rule', () => {
-            var root = parse('@page{}a{}');
-            var rule = new AtRule({ name: 'page', params: 1, nodes: [] });
-            root.append(rule);
-
-            expect(rule.toString()).to.eql('@page 1{}');
-        });
-
-    });
-
-});
diff --git a/test/at-rule.test.ts b/test/at-rule.test.ts
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..eca007d38
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/at-rule.test.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,57 @@
+import { test } from 'uvu'
+import { is, type } from 'uvu/assert'
+
+import { AtRule, parse } from '../lib/postcss.js'
+
+test('initializes with properties', () => {
+  let rule = new AtRule({ name: 'encoding', params: '"utf-8"' })
+
+  is(rule.name, 'encoding')
+  is(rule.params, '"utf-8"')
+
+  is(rule.toString(), '@encoding "utf-8"')
+})
+
+test('does not fall on childless at-rule', () => {
+  let rule = new AtRule()
+  rule.each(() => {
+    throw new Error('AtRule has no children')
+  })
+})
+
+test('creates nodes property on prepend()', () => {
+  let rule = new AtRule()
+  type(rule.nodes, 'undefined')
+
+  rule.prepend('color: black')
+  is(rule.nodes?.length, 1)
+})
+
+test('creates nodes property on append()', () => {
+  let rule = new AtRule()
+  type(rule.nodes, 'undefined')
+
+  rule.append('color: black')
+  is(rule.nodes?.length, 1)
+})
+
+test('inserts default spaces', () => {
+  let rule = new AtRule({ name: 'page', nodes: [], params: 1 })
+  is(rule.toString(), '@page 1 {}')
+})
+
+test('clone spaces from another at-rule', () => {
+  let root = parse('@page{}a{}')
+  let rule = new AtRule({ name: 'page', nodes: [], params: 1 })
+  root.append(rule)
+
+  is(rule.toString(), '@page 1{}')
+})
+
+test('at-rule without body has no nodes property', () => {
+  let root = parse('@layer a, b, c;')
+  let layer = root.first as AtRule
+  type(layer.nodes, 'undefined')
+})
+
+test.run()
diff --git a/test/cases/atrule-decls.css b/test/cases/atrule-decls.css
deleted file mode 100644
index 9b627021b..000000000
--- a/test/cases/atrule-decls.css
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,19 +0,0 @@
-@page :left {
-    background: black
-}
-
-@media(min-width: 0) {
-    background: white
-}
-
-@font-face {
-    family-name: "A;' /**/";
-}
-
-@viewport {
-    width: 110px;
-}
-
-@-ms-viewport {
-    width: 100px;
-}
diff --git a/test/cases/atrule-decls.json b/test/cases/atrule-decls.json
deleted file mode 100644
index 9f49ba8f9..000000000
--- a/test/cases/atrule-decls.json
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,270 +0,0 @@
-{
-    "type": "root",
-    "nodes": [
-        {
-            "type": "atrule",
-            "name": "page",
-            "source": {
-                "start": {
-                    "line": 1,
-                    "column": 1
-                },
-                "input": {
-                    "css": "@page :left {\n    background: black\n}\n\n@media(min-width: 0) {\n    background: white\n}\n\n@font-face {\n    family-name: \"A;' /**/\";\n}\n\n@viewport {\n    width: 110px;\n}\n\n@-ms-viewport {\n    width: 100px;\n}\n",
-                    "safe": false,
-                    "file": "/atrule-decls.css",
-                    "from": "/atrule-decls.css"
-                },
-                "end": {
-                    "line": 3,
-                    "column": 1
-                }
-            },
-            "before": "",
-            "between": " ",
-            "afterName": " ",
-            "params": ":left",
-            "nodes": [
-                {
-                    "type": "decl",
-                    "source": {
-                        "start": {
-                            "line": 2,
-                            "column": 5
-                        },
-                        "input": {
-                            "css": "@page :left {\n    background: black\n}\n\n@media(min-width: 0) {\n    background: white\n}\n\n@font-face {\n    family-name: \"A;' /**/\";\n}\n\n@viewport {\n    width: 110px;\n}\n\n@-ms-viewport {\n    width: 100px;\n}\n",
-                            "safe": false,
-                            "file": "/atrule-decls.css",
-                            "from": "/atrule-decls.css"
-                        },
-                        "end": {
-                            "line": 2,
-                            "column": 21
-                        }
-                    },
-                    "before": "\n    ",
-                    "prop": "background",
-                    "between": ": ",
-                    "value": "black"
-                }
-            ],
-            "semicolon": false,
-            "after": "\n"
-        },
-        {
-            "type": "atrule",
-            "name": "media",
-            "source": {
-                "start": {
-                    "line": 5,
-                    "column": 1
-                },
-                "input": {
-                    "css": "@page :left {\n    background: black\n}\n\n@media(min-width: 0) {\n    background: white\n}\n\n@font-face {\n    family-name: \"A;' /**/\";\n}\n\n@viewport {\n    width: 110px;\n}\n\n@-ms-viewport {\n    width: 100px;\n}\n",
-                    "safe": false,
-                    "file": "/atrule-decls.css",
-                    "from": "/atrule-decls.css"
-                },
-                "end": {
-                    "line": 7,
-                    "column": 1
-                }
-            },
-            "before": "\n\n",
-            "between": " ",
-            "afterName": "",
-            "params": "(min-width: 0)",
-            "nodes": [
-                {
-                    "type": "decl",
-                    "source": {
-                        "start": {
-                            "line": 6,
-                            "column": 5
-                        },
-                        "input": {
-                            "css": "@page :left {\n    background: black\n}\n\n@media(min-width: 0) {\n    background: white\n}\n\n@font-face {\n    family-name: \"A;' /**/\";\n}\n\n@viewport {\n    width: 110px;\n}\n\n@-ms-viewport {\n    width: 100px;\n}\n",
-                            "safe": false,
-                            "file": "/atrule-decls.css",
-                            "from": "/atrule-decls.css"
-                        },
-                        "end": {
-                            "line": 6,
-                            "column": 21
-                        }
-                    },
-                    "before": "\n    ",
-                    "prop": "background",
-                    "between": ": ",
-                    "value": "white"
-                }
-            ],
-            "semicolon": false,
-            "after": "\n"
-        },
-        {
-            "type": "atrule",
-            "name": "font-face",
-            "source": {
-                "start": {
-                    "line": 9,
-                    "column": 1
-                },
-                "input": {
-                    "css": "@page :left {\n    background: black\n}\n\n@media(min-width: 0) {\n    background: white\n}\n\n@font-face {\n    family-name: \"A;' /**/\";\n}\n\n@viewport {\n    width: 110px;\n}\n\n@-ms-viewport {\n    width: 100px;\n}\n",
-                    "safe": false,
-                    "file": "/atrule-decls.css",
-                    "from": "/atrule-decls.css"
-                },
-                "end": {
-                    "line": 11,
-                    "column": 1
-                }
-            },
-            "before": "\n\n",
-            "between": " ",
-            "afterName": "",
-            "params": "",
-            "nodes": [
-                {
-                    "type": "decl",
-                    "source": {
-                        "start": {
-                            "line": 10,
-                            "column": 5
-                        },
-                        "input": {
-                            "css": "@page :left {\n    background: black\n}\n\n@media(min-width: 0) {\n    background: white\n}\n\n@font-face {\n    family-name: \"A;' /**/\";\n}\n\n@viewport {\n    width: 110px;\n}\n\n@-ms-viewport {\n    width: 100px;\n}\n",
-                            "safe": false,
-                            "file": "/atrule-decls.css",
-                            "from": "/atrule-decls.css"
-                        },
-                        "end": {
-                            "line": 10,
-                            "column": 28
-                        }
-                    },
-                    "before": "\n    ",
-                    "prop": "family-name",
-                    "between": ": ",
-                    "value": "\"A;' /**/\""
-                }
-            ],
-            "semicolon": true,
-            "after": "\n"
-        },
-        {
-            "type": "atrule",
-            "name": "viewport",
-            "source": {
-                "start": {
-                    "line": 13,
-                    "column": 1
-                },
-                "input": {
-                    "css": "@page :left {\n    background: black\n}\n\n@media(min-width: 0) {\n    background: white\n}\n\n@font-face {\n    family-name: \"A;' /**/\";\n}\n\n@viewport {\n    width: 110px;\n}\n\n@-ms-viewport {\n    width: 100px;\n}\n",
-                    "safe": false,
-                    "file": "/atrule-decls.css",
-                    "from": "/atrule-decls.css"
-                },
-                "end": {
-                    "line": 15,
-                    "column": 1
-                }
-            },
-            "before": "\n\n",
-            "between": " ",
-            "afterName": "",
-            "params": "",
-            "nodes": [
-                {
-                    "type": "decl",
-                    "source": {
-                        "start": {
-                            "line": 14,
-                            "column": 5
-                        },
-                        "input": {
-                            "css": "@page :left {\n    background: black\n}\n\n@media(min-width: 0) {\n    background: white\n}\n\n@font-face {\n    family-name: \"A;' /**/\";\n}\n\n@viewport {\n    width: 110px;\n}\n\n@-ms-viewport {\n    width: 100px;\n}\n",
-                            "safe": false,
-                            "file": "/atrule-decls.css",
-                            "from": "/atrule-decls.css"
-                        },
-                        "end": {
-                            "line": 14,
-                            "column": 17
-                        }
-                    },
-                    "before": "\n    ",
-                    "prop": "width",
-                    "between": ": ",
-                    "value": "110px"
-                }
-            ],
-            "semicolon": true,
-            "after": "\n"
-        },
-        {
-            "type": "atrule",
-            "name": "-ms-viewport",
-            "source": {
-                "start": {
-                    "line": 17,
-                    "column": 1
-                },
-                "input": {
-                    "css": "@page :left {\n    background: black\n}\n\n@media(min-width: 0) {\n    background: white\n}\n\n@font-face {\n    family-name: \"A;' /**/\";\n}\n\n@viewport {\n    width: 110px;\n}\n\n@-ms-viewport {\n    width: 100px;\n}\n",
-                    "safe": false,
-                    "file": "/atrule-decls.css",
-                    "from": "/atrule-decls.css"
-                },
-                "end": {
-                    "line": 19,
-                    "column": 1
-                }
-            },
-            "before": "\n\n",
-            "between": " ",
-            "afterName": "",
-            "params": "",
-            "nodes": [
-                {
-                    "type": "decl",
-                    "source": {
-                        "start": {
-                            "line": 18,
-                            "column": 5
-                        },
-                        "input": {
-                            "css": "@page :left {\n    background: black\n}\n\n@media(min-width: 0) {\n    background: white\n}\n\n@font-face {\n    family-name: \"A;' /**/\";\n}\n\n@viewport {\n    width: 110px;\n}\n\n@-ms-viewport {\n    width: 100px;\n}\n",
-                            "safe": false,
-                            "file": "/atrule-decls.css",
-                            "from": "/atrule-decls.css"
-                        },
-                        "end": {
-                            "line": 18,
-                            "column": 17
-                        }
-                    },
-                    "before": "\n    ",
-                    "prop": "width",
-                    "between": ": ",
-                    "value": "100px"
-                }
-            ],
-            "semicolon": true,
-            "after": "\n"
-        }
-    ],
-    "source": {
-        "input": {
-            "css": "@page :left {\n    background: black\n}\n\n@media(min-width: 0) {\n    background: white\n}\n\n@font-face {\n    family-name: \"A;' /**/\";\n}\n\n@viewport {\n    width: 110px;\n}\n\n@-ms-viewport {\n    width: 100px;\n}\n",
-            "safe": false,
-            "file": "/atrule-decls.css",
-            "from": "/atrule-decls.css"
-        }
-    },
-    "semicolon": false,
-    "after": "\n"
-}
diff --git a/test/cases/atrule-empty.css b/test/cases/atrule-empty.css
deleted file mode 100644
index 9f44090c9..000000000
--- a/test/cases/atrule-empty.css
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1 +0,0 @@
-@charset "UTF-8";
diff --git a/test/cases/atrule-empty.json b/test/cases/atrule-empty.json
deleted file mode 100644
index 094f5f344..000000000
--- a/test/cases/atrule-empty.json
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,39 +0,0 @@
-{
-    "type": "root",
-    "nodes": [
-        {
-            "type": "atrule",
-            "name": "charset",
-            "source": {
-                "start": {
-                    "line": 1,
-                    "column": 1
-                },
-                "input": {
-                    "css": "@charset \"UTF-8\";\n",
-                    "safe": false,
-                    "file": "/atrule-empty.css",
-                    "from": "/atrule-empty.css"
-                },
-                "end": {
-                    "line": 1,
-                    "column": 17
-                }
-            },
-            "before": "",
-            "between": "",
-            "afterName": " ",
-            "params": "\"UTF-8\""
-        }
-    ],
-    "source": {
-        "input": {
-            "css": "@charset \"UTF-8\";\n",
-            "safe": false,
-            "file": "/atrule-empty.css",
-            "from": "/atrule-empty.css"
-        }
-    },
-    "semicolon": true,
-    "after": "\n"
-}
diff --git a/test/cases/atrule-no-params.css b/test/cases/atrule-no-params.css
deleted file mode 100644
index 64d101b43..000000000
--- a/test/cases/atrule-no-params.css
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1 +0,0 @@
-@page{ }
diff --git a/test/cases/atrule-no-params.json b/test/cases/atrule-no-params.json
deleted file mode 100644
index 9e74af5e9..000000000
--- a/test/cases/atrule-no-params.json
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,41 +0,0 @@
-{
-    "type": "root",
-    "nodes": [
-        {
-            "type": "atrule",
-            "name": "page",
-            "source": {
-                "start": {
-                    "line": 1,
-                    "column": 1
-                },
-                "input": {
-                    "css": "@page{ }\n",
-                    "safe": false,
-                    "file": "/atrule-no-params.css",
-                    "from": "/atrule-no-params.css"
-                },
-                "end": {
-                    "line": 1,
-                    "column": 8
-                }
-            },
-            "before": "",
-            "between": "",
-            "afterName": "",
-            "params": "",
-            "nodes": [],
-            "after": " "
-        }
-    ],
-    "source": {
-        "input": {
-            "css": "@page{ }\n",
-            "safe": false,
-            "file": "/atrule-no-params.css",
-            "from": "/atrule-no-params.css"
-        }
-    },
-    "semicolon": false,
-    "after": "\n"
-}
diff --git a/test/cases/atrule-no-semicolon.css b/test/cases/atrule-no-semicolon.css
deleted file mode 100644
index 1c96c0aad..000000000
--- a/test/cases/atrule-no-semicolon.css
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,3 +0,0 @@
-
-@charset "UTF-8"
-
diff --git a/test/cases/atrule-no-semicolon.json b/test/cases/atrule-no-semicolon.json
deleted file mode 100644
index e5302e5bc..000000000
--- a/test/cases/atrule-no-semicolon.json
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,39 +0,0 @@
-{
-    "type": "root",
-    "nodes": [
-        {
-            "type": "atrule",
-            "name": "charset",
-            "source": {
-                "start": {
-                    "line": 2,
-                    "column": 1
-                },
-                "input": {
-                    "css": "\n@charset \"UTF-8\"\n\n",
-                    "safe": false,
-                    "file": "/atrule-no-semicolon.css",
-                    "from": "/atrule-no-semicolon.css"
-                },
-                "end": {
-                    "line": 2,
-                    "column": 16
-                }
-            },
-            "before": "\n",
-            "between": "",
-            "afterName": " ",
-            "params": "\"UTF-8\""
-        }
-    ],
-    "source": {
-        "input": {
-            "css": "\n@charset \"UTF-8\"\n\n",
-            "safe": false,
-            "file": "/atrule-no-semicolon.css",
-            "from": "/atrule-no-semicolon.css"
-        }
-    },
-    "semicolon": false,
-    "after": "\n\n"
-}
diff --git a/test/cases/atrule-no-space.css b/test/cases/atrule-no-space.css
deleted file mode 100644
index 86db681ee..000000000
--- a/test/cases/atrule-no-space.css
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1 +0,0 @@
-@import"test.css"
diff --git a/test/cases/atrule-no-space.json b/test/cases/atrule-no-space.json
deleted file mode 100644
index e6b69dc3a..000000000
--- a/test/cases/atrule-no-space.json
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,39 +0,0 @@
-{
-    "type": "root",
-    "nodes": [
-        {
-            "type": "atrule",
-            "name": "import",
-            "source": {
-                "start": {
-                    "line": 1,
-                    "column": 1
-                },
-                "input": {
-                    "css": "@import\"test.css\"\n",
-                    "safe": false,
-                    "file": "/atrule-no-space.css",
-                    "from": "/atrule-no-space.css"
-                },
-                "end": {
-                    "line": 1,
-                    "column": 17
-                }
-            },
-            "before": "",
-            "between": "",
-            "afterName": "",
-            "params": "\"test.css\""
-        }
-    ],
-    "source": {
-        "input": {
-            "css": "@import\"test.css\"\n",
-            "safe": false,
-            "file": "/atrule-no-space.css",
-            "from": "/atrule-no-space.css"
-        }
-    },
-    "semicolon": false,
-    "after": "\n"
-}
diff --git a/test/cases/atrule-params.css b/test/cases/atrule-params.css
deleted file mode 100644
index ae224f3ce..000000000
--- a/test/cases/atrule-params.css
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1 +0,0 @@
-@-moz-document/* near */ /* filter */ url("example.com/{") /* a */ {}
diff --git a/test/cases/atrule-params.json b/test/cases/atrule-params.json
deleted file mode 100644
index f2f0e3a44..000000000
--- a/test/cases/atrule-params.json
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,41 +0,0 @@
-{
-    "type": "root",
-    "nodes": [
-        {
-            "type": "atrule",
-            "name": "-moz-document",
-            "source": {
-                "start": {
-                    "line": 1,
-                    "column": 1
-                },
-                "input": {
-                    "css": "@-moz-document/* near */ /* filter */ url(\"example.com/{\") /* a */ {}\n",
-                    "safe": false,
-                    "file": "/atrule-params.css",
-                    "from": "/atrule-params.css"
-                },
-                "end": {
-                    "line": 1,
-                    "column": 69
-                }
-            },
-            "before": "",
-            "between": " /* a */ ",
-            "afterName": "/* near */ /* filter */ ",
-            "params": "url(\"example.com/{\")",
-            "nodes": [],
-            "after": ""
-        }
-    ],
-    "source": {
-        "input": {
-            "css": "@-moz-document/* near */ /* filter */ url(\"example.com/{\") /* a */ {}\n",
-            "safe": false,
-            "file": "/atrule-params.css",
-            "from": "/atrule-params.css"
-        }
-    },
-    "semicolon": false,
-    "after": "\n"
-}
diff --git a/test/cases/atrule-rules.css b/test/cases/atrule-rules.css
deleted file mode 100644
index 3f30251dd..000000000
--- a/test/cases/atrule-rules.css
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,10 +0,0 @@
-@supports (animation-name: test) {
-    @-custom-keyframe anim {
-        from {
-            color: black;
-        }
-        to {
-            color: white
-        }
-    }
-}
diff --git a/test/cases/atrule-rules.json b/test/cases/atrule-rules.json
deleted file mode 100644
index 80274aede..000000000
--- a/test/cases/atrule-rules.json
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,169 +0,0 @@
-{
-    "type": "root",
-    "nodes": [
-        {
-            "type": "atrule",
-            "name": "supports",
-            "source": {
-                "start": {
-                    "line": 1,
-                    "column": 1
-                },
-                "input": {
-                    "css": "@supports (animation-name: test) {\n    @-custom-keyframe anim {\n        from {\n            color: black;\n        }\n        to {\n            color: white\n        }\n    }\n}\n",
-                    "safe": false,
-                    "file": "/atrule-rules.css",
-                    "from": "/atrule-rules.css"
-                },
-                "end": {
-                    "line": 10,
-                    "column": 1
-                }
-            },
-            "before": "",
-            "between": " ",
-            "afterName": " ",
-            "params": "(animation-name: test)",
-            "nodes": [
-                {
-                    "type": "atrule",
-                    "name": "-custom-keyframe",
-                    "source": {
-                        "start": {
-                            "line": 2,
-                            "column": 5
-                        },
-                        "input": {
-                            "css": "@supports (animation-name: test) {\n    @-custom-keyframe anim {\n        from {\n            color: black;\n        }\n        to {\n            color: white\n        }\n    }\n}\n",
-                            "safe": false,
-                            "file": "/atrule-rules.css",
-                            "from": "/atrule-rules.css"
-                        },
-                        "end": {
-                            "line": 9,
-                            "column": 5
-                        }
-                    },
-                    "before": "\n    ",
-                    "between": " ",
-                    "afterName": " ",
-                    "params": "anim",
-                    "nodes": [
-                        {
-                            "type": "rule",
-                            "nodes": [
-                                {
-                                    "type": "decl",
-                                    "source": {
-                                        "start": {
-                                            "line": 4,
-                                            "column": 13
-                                        },
-                                        "input": {
-                                            "css": "@supports (animation-name: test) {\n    @-custom-keyframe anim {\n        from {\n            color: black;\n        }\n        to {\n            color: white\n        }\n    }\n}\n",
-                                            "safe": false,
-                                            "file": "/atrule-rules.css",
-                                            "from": "/atrule-rules.css"
-                                        },
-                                        "end": {
-                                            "line": 4,
-                                            "column": 25
-                                        }
-                                    },
-                                    "before": "\n            ",
-                                    "prop": "color",
-                                    "between": ": ",
-                                    "value": "black"
-                                }
-                            ],
-                            "source": {
-                                "start": {
-                                    "line": 3,
-                                    "column": 9
-                                },
-                                "input": {
-                                    "css": "@supports (animation-name: test) {\n    @-custom-keyframe anim {\n        from {\n            color: black;\n        }\n        to {\n            color: white\n        }\n    }\n}\n",
-                                    "safe": false,
-                                    "file": "/atrule-rules.css",
-                                    "from": "/atrule-rules.css"
-                                },
-                                "end": {
-                                    "line": 5,
-                                    "column": 9
-                                }
-                            },
-                            "before": "\n        ",
-                            "between": " ",
-                            "selector": "from",
-                            "semicolon": true,
-                            "after": "\n        "
-                        },
-                        {
-                            "type": "rule",
-                            "nodes": [
-                                {
-                                    "type": "decl",
-                                    "source": {
-                                        "start": {
-                                            "line": 7,
-                                            "column": 13
-                                        },
-                                        "input": {
-                                            "css": "@supports (animation-name: test) {\n    @-custom-keyframe anim {\n        from {\n            color: black;\n        }\n        to {\n            color: white\n        }\n    }\n}\n",
-                                            "safe": false,
-                                            "file": "/atrule-rules.css",
-                                            "from": "/atrule-rules.css"
-                                        },
-                                        "end": {
-                                            "line": 7,
-                                            "column": 24
-                                        }
-                                    },
-                                    "before": "\n            ",
-                                    "prop": "color",
-                                    "between": ": ",
-                                    "value": "white"
-                                }
-                            ],
-                            "source": {
-                                "start": {
-                                    "line": 6,
-                                    "column": 9
-                                },
-                                "input": {
-                                    "css": "@supports (animation-name: test) {\n    @-custom-keyframe anim {\n        from {\n            color: black;\n        }\n        to {\n            color: white\n        }\n    }\n}\n",
-                                    "safe": false,
-                                    "file": "/atrule-rules.css",
-                                    "from": "/atrule-rules.css"
-                                },
-                                "end": {
-                                    "line": 8,
-                                    "column": 9
-                                }
-                            },
-                            "before": "\n        ",
-                            "between": " ",
-                            "selector": "to",
-                            "semicolon": false,
-                            "after": "\n        "
-                        }
-                    ],
-                    "semicolon": false,
-                    "after": "\n    "
-                }
-            ],
-            "semicolon": false,
-            "after": "\n"
-        }
-    ],
-    "source": {
-        "input": {
-            "css": "@supports (animation-name: test) {\n    @-custom-keyframe anim {\n        from {\n            color: black;\n        }\n        to {\n            color: white\n        }\n    }\n}\n",
-            "safe": false,
-            "file": "/atrule-rules.css",
-            "from": "/atrule-rules.css"
-        }
-    },
-    "semicolon": false,
-    "after": "\n"
-}
diff --git a/test/cases/colon-selector.css b/test/cases/colon-selector.css
deleted file mode 100644
index 8f6a1b093..000000000
--- a/test/cases/colon-selector.css
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1 +0,0 @@
-:fullscreen {}
diff --git a/test/cases/colon-selector.json b/test/cases/colon-selector.json
deleted file mode 100644
index b7e6b03d8..000000000
--- a/test/cases/colon-selector.json
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,39 +0,0 @@
-{
-    "type": "root",
-    "nodes": [
-        {
-            "type": "rule",
-            "nodes": [],
-            "source": {
-                "start": {
-                    "line": 1,
-                    "column": 1
-                },
-                "input": {
-                    "css": ":fullscreen {}\n",
-                    "safe": false,
-                    "file": "/colon-selector.css",
-                    "from": "/colon-selector.css"
-                },
-                "end": {
-                    "line": 1,
-                    "column": 14
-                }
-            },
-            "before": "",
-            "between": " ",
-            "selector": ":fullscreen",
-            "after": ""
-        }
-    ],
-    "source": {
-        "input": {
-            "css": ":fullscreen {}\n",
-            "safe": false,
-            "file": "/colon-selector.css",
-            "from": "/colon-selector.css"
-        }
-    },
-    "semicolon": false,
-    "after": "\n"
-}
diff --git a/test/cases/comments.css b/test/cases/comments.css
deleted file mode 100644
index df1ae6d98..000000000
--- a/test/cases/comments.css
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,16 +0,0 @@
-/* a { color: black } */
-/**/
-/* */
-div {
-    /* inside */
-    color: black;
-    /* between */
-    border-radius: 3px / 7px
-    /* end */
-}
-/* b */
-
-a {
-    color: black;
-    /* c */
-}
diff --git a/test/cases/comments.json b/test/cases/comments.json
deleted file mode 100644
index 1959f50b0..000000000
--- a/test/cases/comments.json
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,320 +0,0 @@
-{
-    "type": "root",
-    "nodes": [
-        {
-            "type": "comment",
-            "source": {
-                "start": {
-                    "line": 1,
-                    "column": 1
-                },
-                "input": {
-                    "css": "/* a { color: black } */\n/**/\n/* */\ndiv {\n    /* inside */\n    color: black;\n    /* between */\n    border-radius: 3px / 7px\n    /* end */\n}\n/* b */\n\na {\n    color: black;\n    /* c */\n}\n",
-                    "safe": false,
-                    "file": "/comments.css",
-                    "from": "/comments.css"
-                },
-                "end": {
-                    "line": 1,
-                    "column": 24
-                }
-            },
-            "before": "",
-            "left": " ",
-            "text": "a { color: black }",
-            "right": " "
-        },
-        {
-            "type": "comment",
-            "source": {
-                "start": {
-                    "line": 2,
-                    "column": 1
-                },
-                "input": {
-                    "css": "/* a { color: black } */\n/**/\n/* */\ndiv {\n    /* inside */\n    color: black;\n    /* between */\n    border-radius: 3px / 7px\n    /* end */\n}\n/* b */\n\na {\n    color: black;\n    /* c */\n}\n",
-                    "safe": false,
-                    "file": "/comments.css",
-                    "from": "/comments.css"
-                },
-                "end": {
-                    "line": 2,
-                    "column": 4
-                }
-            },
-            "before": "\n",
-            "left": "",
-            "text": "",
-            "right": ""
-        },
-        {
-            "type": "comment",
-            "source": {
-                "start": {
-                    "line": 3,
-                    "column": 1
-                },
-                "input": {
-                    "css": "/* a { color: black } */\n/**/\n/* */\ndiv {\n    /* inside */\n    color: black;\n    /* between */\n    border-radius: 3px / 7px\n    /* end */\n}\n/* b */\n\na {\n    color: black;\n    /* c */\n}\n",
-                    "safe": false,
-                    "file": "/comments.css",
-                    "from": "/comments.css"
-                },
-                "end": {
-                    "line": 3,
-                    "column": 5
-                }
-            },
-            "before": "\n",
-            "left": " ",
-            "text": "",
-            "right": ""
-        },
-        {
-            "type": "rule",
-            "nodes": [
-                {
-                    "type": "comment",
-                    "source": {
-                        "start": {
-                            "line": 5,
-                            "column": 5
-                        },
-                        "input": {
-                            "css": "/* a { color: black } */\n/**/\n/* */\ndiv {\n    /* inside */\n    color: black;\n    /* between */\n    border-radius: 3px / 7px\n    /* end */\n}\n/* b */\n\na {\n    color: black;\n    /* c */\n}\n",
-                            "safe": false,
-                            "file": "/comments.css",
-                            "from": "/comments.css"
-                        },
-                        "end": {
-                            "line": 5,
-                            "column": 16
-                        }
-                    },
-                    "before": "\n    ",
-                    "left": " ",
-                    "text": "inside",
-                    "right": " "
-                },
-                {
-                    "type": "decl",
-                    "source": {
-                        "start": {
-                            "line": 6,
-                            "column": 5
-                        },
-                        "input": {
-                            "css": "/* a { color: black } */\n/**/\n/* */\ndiv {\n    /* inside */\n    color: black;\n    /* between */\n    border-radius: 3px / 7px\n    /* end */\n}\n/* b */\n\na {\n    color: black;\n    /* c */\n}\n",
-                            "safe": false,
-                            "file": "/comments.css",
-                            "from": "/comments.css"
-                        },
-                        "end": {
-                            "line": 6,
-                            "column": 17
-                        }
-                    },
-                    "before": "\n    ",
-                    "prop": "color",
-                    "between": ": ",
-                    "value": "black"
-                },
-                {
-                    "type": "comment",
-                    "source": {
-                        "start": {
-                            "line": 7,
-                            "column": 5
-                        },
-                        "input": {
-                            "css": "/* a { color: black } */\n/**/\n/* */\ndiv {\n    /* inside */\n    color: black;\n    /* between */\n    border-radius: 3px / 7px\n    /* end */\n}\n/* b */\n\na {\n    color: black;\n    /* c */\n}\n",
-                            "safe": false,
-                            "file": "/comments.css",
-                            "from": "/comments.css"
-                        },
-                        "end": {
-                            "line": 7,
-                            "column": 17
-                        }
-                    },
-                    "before": "\n    ",
-                    "left": " ",
-                    "text": "between",
-                    "right": " "
-                },
-                {
-                    "type": "decl",
-                    "source": {
-                        "start": {
-                            "line": 8,
-                            "column": 5
-                        },
-                        "input": {
-                            "css": "/* a { color: black } */\n/**/\n/* */\ndiv {\n    /* inside */\n    color: black;\n    /* between */\n    border-radius: 3px / 7px\n    /* end */\n}\n/* b */\n\na {\n    color: black;\n    /* c */\n}\n",
-                            "safe": false,
-                            "file": "/comments.css",
-                            "from": "/comments.css"
-                        },
-                        "end": {
-                            "line": 8,
-                            "column": 28
-                        }
-                    },
-                    "before": "\n    ",
-                    "prop": "border-radius",
-                    "between": ": ",
-                    "value": "3px / 7px"
-                },
-                {
-                    "type": "comment",
-                    "source": {
-                        "start": {
-                            "line": 9,
-                            "column": 5
-                        },
-                        "input": {
-                            "css": "/* a { color: black } */\n/**/\n/* */\ndiv {\n    /* inside */\n    color: black;\n    /* between */\n    border-radius: 3px / 7px\n    /* end */\n}\n/* b */\n\na {\n    color: black;\n    /* c */\n}\n",
-                            "safe": false,
-                            "file": "/comments.css",
-                            "from": "/comments.css"
-                        },
-                        "end": {
-                            "line": 9,
-                            "column": 13
-                        }
-                    },
-                    "before": "\n    ",
-                    "left": " ",
-                    "text": "end",
-                    "right": " "
-                }
-            ],
-            "source": {
-                "start": {
-                    "line": 4,
-                    "column": 1
-                },
-                "input": {
-                    "css": "/* a { color: black } */\n/**/\n/* */\ndiv {\n    /* inside */\n    color: black;\n    /* between */\n    border-radius: 3px / 7px\n    /* end */\n}\n/* b */\n\na {\n    color: black;\n    /* c */\n}\n",
-                    "safe": false,
-                    "file": "/comments.css",
-                    "from": "/comments.css"
-                },
-                "end": {
-                    "line": 10,
-                    "column": 1
-                }
-            },
-            "before": "\n",
-            "between": " ",
-            "selector": "div",
-            "semicolon": false,
-            "after": "\n"
-        },
-        {
-            "type": "comment",
-            "source": {
-                "start": {
-                    "line": 11,
-                    "column": 1
-                },
-                "input": {
-                    "css": "/* a { color: black } */\n/**/\n/* */\ndiv {\n    /* inside */\n    color: black;\n    /* between */\n    border-radius: 3px / 7px\n    /* end */\n}\n/* b */\n\na {\n    color: black;\n    /* c */\n}\n",
-                    "safe": false,
-                    "file": "/comments.css",
-                    "from": "/comments.css"
-                },
-                "end": {
-                    "line": 11,
-                    "column": 7
-                }
-            },
-            "before": "\n",
-            "left": " ",
-            "text": "b",
-            "right": " "
-        },
-        {
-            "type": "rule",
-            "nodes": [
-                {
-                    "type": "decl",
-                    "source": {
-                        "start": {
-                            "line": 14,
-                            "column": 5
-                        },
-                        "input": {
-                            "css": "/* a { color: black } */\n/**/\n/* */\ndiv {\n    /* inside */\n    color: black;\n    /* between */\n    border-radius: 3px / 7px\n    /* end */\n}\n/* b */\n\na {\n    color: black;\n    /* c */\n}\n",
-                            "safe": false,
-                            "file": "/comments.css",
-                            "from": "/comments.css"
-                        },
-                        "end": {
-                            "line": 14,
-                            "column": 17
-                        }
-                    },
-                    "before": "\n    ",
-                    "prop": "color",
-                    "between": ": ",
-                    "value": "black"
-                },
-                {
-                    "type": "comment",
-                    "source": {
-                        "start": {
-                            "line": 15,
-                            "column": 5
-                        },
-                        "input": {
-                            "css": "/* a { color: black } */\n/**/\n/* */\ndiv {\n    /* inside */\n    color: black;\n    /* between */\n    border-radius: 3px / 7px\n    /* end */\n}\n/* b */\n\na {\n    color: black;\n    /* c */\n}\n",
-                            "safe": false,
-                            "file": "/comments.css",
-                            "from": "/comments.css"
-                        },
-                        "end": {
-                            "line": 15,
-                            "column": 11
-                        }
-                    },
-                    "before": "\n    ",
-                    "left": " ",
-                    "text": "c",
-                    "right": " "
-                }
-            ],
-            "source": {
-                "start": {
-                    "line": 13,
-                    "column": 1
-                },
-                "input": {
-                    "css": "/* a { color: black } */\n/**/\n/* */\ndiv {\n    /* inside */\n    color: black;\n    /* between */\n    border-radius: 3px / 7px\n    /* end */\n}\n/* b */\n\na {\n    color: black;\n    /* c */\n}\n",
-                    "safe": false,
-                    "file": "/comments.css",
-                    "from": "/comments.css"
-                },
-                "end": {
-                    "line": 16,
-                    "column": 1
-                }
-            },
-            "before": "\n\n",
-            "between": " ",
-            "selector": "a",
-            "semicolon": true,
-            "after": "\n"
-        }
-    ],
-    "source": {
-        "input": {
-            "css": "/* a { color: black } */\n/**/\n/* */\ndiv {\n    /* inside */\n    color: black;\n    /* between */\n    border-radius: 3px / 7px\n    /* end */\n}\n/* b */\n\na {\n    color: black;\n    /* c */\n}\n",
-            "safe": false,
-            "file": "/comments.css",
-            "from": "/comments.css"
-        }
-    },
-    "semicolon": false,
-    "after": "\n"
-}
diff --git a/test/cases/decls.css b/test/cases/decls.css
deleted file mode 100644
index 5bbce091c..000000000
--- a/test/cases/decls.css
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,4 +0,0 @@
-a {
-    color: black;
-    background: white;
-}
diff --git a/test/cases/decls.json b/test/cases/decls.json
deleted file mode 100644
index be7100919..000000000
--- a/test/cases/decls.json
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,87 +0,0 @@
-{
-    "type": "root",
-    "nodes": [
-        {
-            "type": "rule",
-            "nodes": [
-                {
-                    "type": "decl",
-                    "source": {
-                        "start": {
-                            "line": 2,
-                            "column": 5
-                        },
-                        "input": {
-                            "css": "a {\n    color: black;\n    background: white;\n}\n",
-                            "safe": false,
-                            "file": "/decls.css",
-                            "from": "/decls.css"
-                        },
-                        "end": {
-                            "line": 2,
-                            "column": 17
-                        }
-                    },
-                    "before": "\n    ",
-                    "prop": "color",
-                    "between": ": ",
-                    "value": "black"
-                },
-                {
-                    "type": "decl",
-                    "source": {
-                        "start": {
-                            "line": 3,
-                            "column": 5
-                        },
-                        "input": {
-                            "css": "a {\n    color: black;\n    background: white;\n}\n",
-                            "safe": false,
-                            "file": "/decls.css",
-                            "from": "/decls.css"
-                        },
-                        "end": {
-                            "line": 3,
-                            "column": 22
-                        }
-                    },
-                    "before": "\n    ",
-                    "prop": "background",
-                    "between": ": ",
-                    "value": "white"
-                }
-            ],
-            "source": {
-                "start": {
-                    "line": 1,
-                    "column": 1
-                },
-                "input": {
-                    "css": "a {\n    color: black;\n    background: white;\n}\n",
-                    "safe": false,
-                    "file": "/decls.css",
-                    "from": "/decls.css"
-                },
-                "end": {
-                    "line": 4,
-                    "column": 1
-                }
-            },
-            "before": "",
-            "between": " ",
-            "selector": "a",
-            "semicolon": true,
-            "after": "\n"
-        }
-    ],
-    "source": {
-        "input": {
-            "css": "a {\n    color: black;\n    background: white;\n}\n",
-            "safe": false,
-            "file": "/decls.css",
-            "from": "/decls.css"
-        }
-    },
-    "semicolon": false,
-    "after": "\n"
-}
diff --git a/test/cases/empty.css b/test/cases/empty.css
deleted file mode 100644
index 0967ef424..000000000
--- a/test/cases/empty.css
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1 +0,0 @@
-{}
diff --git a/test/cases/empty.json b/test/cases/empty.json
deleted file mode 100644
index ed7bc5c00..000000000
--- a/test/cases/empty.json
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,39 +0,0 @@
-{
-    "type": "root",
-    "nodes": [
-        {
-            "type": "rule",
-            "nodes": [],
-            "source": {
-                "start": {
-                    "line": 1,
-                    "column": 1
-                },
-                "input": {
-                    "css": "{}\n",
-                    "safe": false,
-                    "file": "/empty.css",
-                    "from": "/empty.css"
-                },
-                "end": {
-                    "line": 1,
-                    "column": 2
-                }
-            },
-            "before": "",
-            "between": "",
-            "selector": "",
-            "after": ""
-        }
-    ],
-    "source": {
-        "input": {
-            "css": "{}\n",
-            "safe": false,
-            "file": "/empty.css",
-            "from": "/empty.css"
-        }
-    },
-    "semicolon": false,
-    "after": "\n"
-}
diff --git a/test/cases/escape.css b/test/cases/escape.css
deleted file mode 100644
index 970712fc7..000000000
--- a/test/cases/escape.css
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,19 +0,0 @@
-a {
-    background: url("a).png");
-    background: url(a;a);
-    background: \;a;
-}
-
-:not([foo=")"]) { }
-:not(div/*)*/) { }
-:not(:nth-child(2n of [foo=")"])) { }
-[foo=\"] { }
-[foo=\{] { }
-[foo=\(] { }
-[foo=yes\:\(it\'s\ work\)] { }
-
-\@noat { }
-
-h1\\{
-    color: \\;
-}
diff --git a/test/cases/escape.json b/test/cases/escape.json
deleted file mode 100644
index 856480518..000000000
--- a/test/cases/escape.json
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,355 +0,0 @@
-{
-    "type": "root",
-    "nodes": [
-        {
-            "type": "rule",
-            "nodes": [
-                {
-                    "type": "decl",
-                    "source": {
-                        "start": {
-                            "line": 2,
-                            "column": 5
-                        },
-                        "input": {
-                            "css": "a {\n    background: url(\"a).png\");\n    background: url(a;a);\n    background: \\;a;\n}\n\n:not([foo=\")\"]) { }\n:not(div/*)*/) { }\n:not(:nth-child(2n of [foo=\")\"])) { }\n[foo=\\\"] { }\n[foo=\\{] { }\n[foo=\\(] { }\n[foo=yes\\:\\(it\\'s\\ work\\)] { }\n\n\\@noat { }\n\nh1\\\\{\n    color: \\\\;\n}\n",
-                            "safe": false,
-                            "file": "/escape.css",
-                            "from": "/escape.css"
-                        },
-                        "end": {
-                            "line": 2,
-                            "column": 30
-                        }
-                    },
-                    "before": "\n    ",
-                    "prop": "background",
-                    "between": ": ",
-                    "value": "url(\"a).png\")"
-                },
-                {
-                    "type": "decl",
-                    "source": {
-                        "start": {
-                            "line": 3,
-                            "column": 5
-                        },
-                        "input": {
-                            "css": "a {\n    background: url(\"a).png\");\n    background: url(a;a);\n    background: \\;a;\n}\n\n:not([foo=\")\"]) { }\n:not(div/*)*/) { }\n:not(:nth-child(2n of [foo=\")\"])) { }\n[foo=\\\"] { }\n[foo=\\{] { }\n[foo=\\(] { }\n[foo=yes\\:\\(it\\'s\\ work\\)] { }\n\n\\@noat { }\n\nh1\\\\{\n    color: \\\\;\n}\n",
-                            "safe": false,
-                            "file": "/escape.css",
-                            "from": "/escape.css"
-                        },
-                        "end": {
-                            "line": 3,
-                            "column": 25
-                        }
-                    },
-                    "before": "\n    ",
-                    "prop": "background",
-                    "between": ": ",
-                    "value": "url(a;a)"
-                },
-                {
-                    "type": "decl",
-                    "source": {
-                        "start": {
-                            "line": 4,
-                            "column": 5
-                        },
-                        "input": {
-                            "css": "a {\n    background: url(\"a).png\");\n    background: url(a;a);\n    background: \\;a;\n}\n\n:not([foo=\")\"]) { }\n:not(div/*)*/) { }\n:not(:nth-child(2n of [foo=\")\"])) { }\n[foo=\\\"] { }\n[foo=\\{] { }\n[foo=\\(] { }\n[foo=yes\\:\\(it\\'s\\ work\\)] { }\n\n\\@noat { }\n\nh1\\\\{\n    color: \\\\;\n}\n",
-                            "safe": false,
-                            "file": "/escape.css",
-                            "from": "/escape.css"
-                        },
-                        "end": {
-                            "line": 4,
-                            "column": 20
-                        }
-                    },
-                    "before": "\n    ",
-                    "prop": "background",
-                    "between": ": ",
-                    "value": "\\;a"
-                }
-            ],
-            "source": {
-                "start": {
-                    "line": 1,
-                    "column": 1
-                },
-                "input": {
-                    "css": "a {\n    background: url(\"a).png\");\n    background: url(a;a);\n    background: \\;a;\n}\n\n:not([foo=\")\"]) { }\n:not(div/*)*/) { }\n:not(:nth-child(2n of [foo=\")\"])) { }\n[foo=\\\"] { }\n[foo=\\{] { }\n[foo=\\(] { }\n[foo=yes\\:\\(it\\'s\\ work\\)] { }\n\n\\@noat { }\n\nh1\\\\{\n    color: \\\\;\n}\n",
-                    "safe": false,
-                    "file": "/escape.css",
-                    "from": "/escape.css"
-                },
-                "end": {
-                    "line": 5,
-                    "column": 1
-                }
-            },
-            "before": "",
-            "between": " ",
-            "selector": "a",
-            "semicolon": true,
-            "after": "\n"
-        },
-        {
-            "type": "rule",
-            "nodes": [],
-            "source": {
-                "start": {
-                    "line": 7,
-                    "column": 1
-                },
-                "input": {
-                    "css": "a {\n    background: url(\"a).png\");\n    background: url(a;a);\n    background: \\;a;\n}\n\n:not([foo=\")\"]) { }\n:not(div/*)*/) { }\n:not(:nth-child(2n of [foo=\")\"])) { }\n[foo=\\\"] { }\n[foo=\\{] { }\n[foo=\\(] { }\n[foo=yes\\:\\(it\\'s\\ work\\)] { }\n\n\\@noat { }\n\nh1\\\\{\n    color: \\\\;\n}\n",
-                    "safe": false,
-                    "file": "/escape.css",
-                    "from": "/escape.css"
-                },
-                "end": {
-                    "line": 7,
-                    "column": 19
-                }
-            },
-            "before": "\n\n",
-            "between": " ",
-            "selector": ":not([foo=\")\"])",
-            "after": " "
-        },
-        {
-            "type": "rule",
-            "nodes": [],
-            "source": {
-                "start": {
-                    "line": 8,
-                    "column": 1
-                },
-                "input": {
-                    "css": "a {\n    background: url(\"a).png\");\n    background: url(a;a);\n    background: \\;a;\n}\n\n:not([foo=\")\"]) { }\n:not(div/*)*/) { }\n:not(:nth-child(2n of [foo=\")\"])) { }\n[foo=\\\"] { }\n[foo=\\{] { }\n[foo=\\(] { }\n[foo=yes\\:\\(it\\'s\\ work\\)] { }\n\n\\@noat { }\n\nh1\\\\{\n    color: \\\\;\n}\n",
-                    "safe": false,
-                    "file": "/escape.css",
-                    "from": "/escape.css"
-                },
-                "end": {
-                    "line": 8,
-                    "column": 18
-                }
-            },
-            "before": "\n",
-            "between": " ",
-            "_selector": {
-                "value": ":not(div)",
-                "raw": ":not(div/*)*/)"
-            },
-            "selector": ":not(div)",
-            "after": " "
-        },
-        {
-            "type": "rule",
-            "nodes": [],
-            "source": {
-                "start": {
-                    "line": 9,
-                    "column": 1
-                },
-                "input": {
-                    "css": "a {\n    background: url(\"a).png\");\n    background: url(a;a);\n    background: \\;a;\n}\n\n:not([foo=\")\"]) { }\n:not(div/*)*/) { }\n:not(:nth-child(2n of [foo=\")\"])) { }\n[foo=\\\"] { }\n[foo=\\{] { }\n[foo=\\(] { }\n[foo=yes\\:\\(it\\'s\\ work\\)] { }\n\n\\@noat { }\n\nh1\\\\{\n    color: \\\\;\n}\n",
-                    "safe": false,
-                    "file": "/escape.css",
-                    "from": "/escape.css"
-                },
-                "end": {
-                    "line": 9,
-                    "column": 37
-                }
-            },
-            "before": "\n",
-            "between": " ",
-            "selector": ":not(:nth-child(2n of [foo=\")\"]))",
-            "after": " "
-        },
-        {
-            "type": "rule",
-            "nodes": [],
-            "source": {
-                "start": {
-                    "line": 10,
-                    "column": 1
-                },
-                "input": {
-                    "css": "a {\n    background: url(\"a).png\");\n    background: url(a;a);\n    background: \\;a;\n}\n\n:not([foo=\")\"]) { }\n:not(div/*)*/) { }\n:not(:nth-child(2n of [foo=\")\"])) { }\n[foo=\\\"] { }\n[foo=\\{] { }\n[foo=\\(] { }\n[foo=yes\\:\\(it\\'s\\ work\\)] { }\n\n\\@noat { }\n\nh1\\\\{\n    color: \\\\;\n}\n",
-                    "safe": false,
-                    "file": "/escape.css",
-                    "from": "/escape.css"
-                },
-                "end": {
-                    "line": 10,
-                    "column": 12
-                }
-            },
-            "before": "\n",
-            "between": " ",
-            "selector": "[foo=\\\"]",
-            "after": " "
-        },
-        {
-            "type": "rule",
-            "nodes": [],
-            "source": {
-                "start": {
-                    "line": 11,
-                    "column": 1
-                },
-                "input": {
-                    "css": "a {\n    background: url(\"a).png\");\n    background: url(a;a);\n    background: \\;a;\n}\n\n:not([foo=\")\"]) { }\n:not(div/*)*/) { }\n:not(:nth-child(2n of [foo=\")\"])) { }\n[foo=\\\"] { }\n[foo=\\{] { }\n[foo=\\(] { }\n[foo=yes\\:\\(it\\'s\\ work\\)] { }\n\n\\@noat { }\n\nh1\\\\{\n    color: \\\\;\n}\n",
-                    "safe": false,
-                    "file": "/escape.css",
-                    "from": "/escape.css"
-                },
-                "end": {
-                    "line": 11,
-                    "column": 12
-                }
-            },
-            "before": "\n",
-            "between": " ",
-            "selector": "[foo=\\{]",
-            "after": " "
-        },
-        {
-            "type": "rule",
-            "nodes": [],
-            "source": {
-                "start": {
-                    "line": 12,
-                    "column": 1
-                },
-                "input": {
-                    "css": "a {\n    background: url(\"a).png\");\n    background: url(a;a);\n    background: \\;a;\n}\n\n:not([foo=\")\"]) { }\n:not(div/*)*/) { }\n:not(:nth-child(2n of [foo=\")\"])) { }\n[foo=\\\"] { }\n[foo=\\{] { }\n[foo=\\(] { }\n[foo=yes\\:\\(it\\'s\\ work\\)] { }\n\n\\@noat { }\n\nh1\\\\{\n    color: \\\\;\n}\n",
-                    "safe": false,
-                    "file": "/escape.css",
-                    "from": "/escape.css"
-                },
-                "end": {
-                    "line": 12,
-                    "column": 12
-                }
-            },
-            "before": "\n",
-            "between": " ",
-            "selector": "[foo=\\(]",
-            "after": " "
-        },
-        {
-            "type": "rule",
-            "nodes": [],
-            "source": {
-                "start": {
-                    "line": 13,
-                    "column": 1
-                },
-                "input": {
-                    "css": "a {\n    background: url(\"a).png\");\n    background: url(a;a);\n    background: \\;a;\n}\n\n:not([foo=\")\"]) { }\n:not(div/*)*/) { }\n:not(:nth-child(2n of [foo=\")\"])) { }\n[foo=\\\"] { }\n[foo=\\{] { }\n[foo=\\(] { }\n[foo=yes\\:\\(it\\'s\\ work\\)] { }\n\n\\@noat { }\n\nh1\\\\{\n    color: \\\\;\n}\n",
-                    "safe": false,
-                    "file": "/escape.css",
-                    "from": "/escape.css"
-                },
-                "end": {
-                    "line": 13,
-                    "column": 30
-                }
-            },
-            "before": "\n",
-            "between": " ",
-            "selector": "[foo=yes\\:\\(it\\'s\\ work\\)]",
-            "after": " "
-        },
-        {
-            "type": "rule",
-            "nodes": [],
-            "source": {
-                "start": {
-                    "line": 15,
-                    "column": 1
-                },
-                "input": {
-                    "css": "a {\n    background: url(\"a).png\");\n    background: url(a;a);\n    background: \\;a;\n}\n\n:not([foo=\")\"]) { }\n:not(div/*)*/) { }\n:not(:nth-child(2n of [foo=\")\"])) { }\n[foo=\\\"] { }\n[foo=\\{] { }\n[foo=\\(] { }\n[foo=yes\\:\\(it\\'s\\ work\\)] { }\n\n\\@noat { }\n\nh1\\\\{\n    color: \\\\;\n}\n",
-                    "safe": false,
-                    "file": "/escape.css",
-                    "from": "/escape.css"
-                },
-                "end": {
-                    "line": 15,
-                    "column": 10
-                }
-            },
-            "before": "\n\n",
-            "between": " ",
-            "selector": "\\@noat",
-            "after": " "
-        },
-        {
-            "type": "rule",
-            "nodes": [
-                {
-                    "type": "decl",
-                    "source": {
-                        "start": {
-                            "line": 18,
-                            "column": 5
-                        },
-                        "input": {
-                            "css": "a {\n    background: url(\"a).png\");\n    background: url(a;a);\n    background: \\;a;\n}\n\n:not([foo=\")\"]) { }\n:not(div/*)*/) { }\n:not(:nth-child(2n of [foo=\")\"])) { }\n[foo=\\\"] { }\n[foo=\\{] { }\n[foo=\\(] { }\n[foo=yes\\:\\(it\\'s\\ work\\)] { }\n\n\\@noat { }\n\nh1\\\\{\n    color: \\\\;\n}\n",
-                            "safe": false,
-                            "file": "/escape.css",
-                            "from": "/escape.css"
-                        },
-                        "end": {
-                            "line": 18,
-                            "column": 14
-                        }
-                    },
-                    "before": "\n    ",
-                    "prop": "color",
-                    "between": ": ",
-                    "value": "\\\\"
-                }
-            ],
-            "source": {
-                "start": {
-                    "line": 17,
-                    "column": 1
-                },
-                "input": {
-                    "css": "a {\n    background: url(\"a).png\");\n    background: url(a;a);\n    background: \\;a;\n}\n\n:not([foo=\")\"]) { }\n:not(div/*)*/) { }\n:not(:nth-child(2n of [foo=\")\"])) { }\n[foo=\\\"] { }\n[foo=\\{] { }\n[foo=\\(] { }\n[foo=yes\\:\\(it\\'s\\ work\\)] { }\n\n\\@noat { }\n\nh1\\\\{\n    color: \\\\;\n}\n",
-                    "safe": false,
-                    "file": "/escape.css",
-                    "from": "/escape.css"
-                },
-                "end": {
-                    "line": 19,
-                    "column": 1
-                }
-            },
-            "before": "\n\n",
-            "between": "",
-            "selector": "h1\\\\",
-            "semicolon": true,
-            "after": "\n"
-        }
-    ],
-    "source": {
-        "input": {
-            "css": "a {\n    background: url(\"a).png\");\n    background: url(a;a);\n    background: \\;a;\n}\n\n:not([foo=\")\"]) { }\n:not(div/*)*/) { }\n:not(:nth-child(2n of [foo=\")\"])) { }\n[foo=\\\"] { }\n[foo=\\{] { }\n[foo=\\(] { }\n[foo=yes\\:\\(it\\'s\\ work\\)] { }\n\n\\@noat { }\n\nh1\\\\{\n    color: \\\\;\n}\n",
-            "safe": false,
-            "file": "/escape.css",
-            "from": "/escape.css"
-        }
-    },
-    "semicolon": false,
-    "after": "\n"
-}
diff --git a/test/cases/extends.css b/test/cases/extends.css
deleted file mode 100644
index a87c452df..000000000
--- a/test/cases/extends.css
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,8 +0,0 @@
-one: 1;
-
-a {
-    two: 2;
-    b {
-        three: 3;
-    }
-}
diff --git a/test/cases/extends.json b/test/cases/extends.json
deleted file mode 100644
index 729917fa1..000000000
--- a/test/cases/extends.json
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,136 +0,0 @@
-{
-    "type": "root",
-    "nodes": [
-        {
-            "type": "decl",
-            "source": {
-                "start": {
-                    "line": 1,
-                    "column": 1
-                },
-                "input": {
-                    "css": "one: 1;\n\na {\n    two: 2;\n    b {\n        three: 3;\n    }\n}\n",
-                    "safe": false,
-                    "file": "/extends.css",
-                    "from": "/extends.css"
-                },
-                "end": {
-                    "line": 1,
-                    "column": 7
-                }
-            },
-            "before": "",
-            "prop": "one",
-            "between": ": ",
-            "value": "1"
-        },
-        {
-            "type": "rule",
-            "nodes": [
-                {
-                    "type": "decl",
-                    "source": {
-                        "start": {
-                            "line": 4,
-                            "column": 5
-                        },
-                        "input": {
-                            "css": "one: 1;\n\na {\n    two: 2;\n    b {\n        three: 3;\n    }\n}\n",
-                            "safe": false,
-                            "file": "/extends.css",
-                            "from": "/extends.css"
-                        },
-                        "end": {
-                            "line": 4,
-                            "column": 11
-                        }
-                    },
-                    "before": "\n    ",
-                    "prop": "two",
-                    "between": ": ",
-                    "value": "2"
-                },
-                {
-                    "type": "rule",
-                    "nodes": [
-                        {
-                            "type": "decl",
-                            "source": {
-                                "start": {
-                                    "line": 6,
-                                    "column": 9
-                                },
-                                "input": {
-                                    "css": "one: 1;\n\na {\n    two: 2;\n    b {\n        three: 3;\n    }\n}\n",
-                                    "safe": false,
-                                    "file": "/extends.css",
-                                    "from": "/extends.css"
-                                },
-                                "end": {
-                                    "line": 6,
-                                    "column": 17
-                                }
-                            },
-                            "before": "\n        ",
-                            "prop": "three",
-                            "between": ": ",
-                            "value": "3"
-                        }
-                    ],
-                    "source": {
-                        "start": {
-                            "line": 5,
-                            "column": 5
-                        },
-                        "input": {
-                            "css": "one: 1;\n\na {\n    two: 2;\n    b {\n        three: 3;\n    }\n}\n",
-                            "safe": false,
-                            "file": "/extends.css",
-                            "from": "/extends.css"
-                        },
-                        "end": {
-                            "line": 7,
-                            "column": 5
-                        }
-                    },
-                    "before": "\n    ",
-                    "between": " ",
-                    "selector": "b",
-                    "semicolon": true,
-                    "after": "\n    "
-                }
-            ],
-            "source": {
-                "start": {
-                    "line": 3,
-                    "column": 1
-                },
-                "input": {
-                    "css": "one: 1;\n\na {\n    two: 2;\n    b {\n        three: 3;\n    }\n}\n",
-                    "safe": false,
-                    "file": "/extends.css",
-                    "from": "/extends.css"
-                },
-                "end": {
-                    "line": 8,
-                    "column": 1
-                }
-            },
-            "before": "\n\n",
-            "between": " ",
-            "selector": "a",
-            "semicolon": false,
-            "after": "\n"
-        }
-    ],
-    "source": {
-        "input": {
-            "css": "one: 1;\n\na {\n    two: 2;\n    b {\n        three: 3;\n    }\n}\n",
-            "safe": false,
-            "file": "/extends.css",
-            "from": "/extends.css"
-        }
-    },
-    "semicolon": false,
-    "after": "\n"
-}
diff --git a/test/cases/function.css b/test/cases/function.css
deleted file mode 100644
index d3e916ecc..000000000
--- a/test/cases/function.css
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,3 +0,0 @@
-a {
-    background-image: url(data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP///yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7)
-}
diff --git a/test/cases/function.json b/test/cases/function.json
deleted file mode 100644
index 67ad6a45c..000000000
--- a/test/cases/function.json
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,64 +0,0 @@
-{
-    "type": "root",
-    "nodes": [
-        {
-            "type": "rule",
-            "nodes": [
-                {
-                    "type": "decl",
-                    "source": {
-                        "start": {
-                            "line": 2,
-                            "column": 5
-                        },
-                        "input": {
-                            "css": "a {\n    background-image: url(data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP///yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7)\n}\n",
-                            "safe": false,
-                            "file": "/function.css",
-                            "from": "/function.css"
-                        },
-                        "end": {
-                            "line": 2,
-                            "column": 105
-                        }
-                    },
-                    "before": "\n    ",
-                    "prop": "background-image",
-                    "between": ": ",
-                    "value": "url(data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP///yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7)"
-                }
-            ],
-            "source": {
-                "start": {
-                    "line": 1,
-                    "column": 1
-                },
-                "input": {
-                    "css": "a {\n    background-image: url(data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP///yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7)\n}\n",
-                    "safe": false,
-                    "file": "/function.css",
-                    "from": "/function.css"
-                },
-                "end": {
-                    "line": 3,
-                    "column": 1
-                }
-            },
-            "before": "",
-            "between": " ",
-            "selector": "a",
-            "semicolon": false,
-            "after": "\n"
-        }
-    ],
-    "source": {
-        "input": {
-            "css": "a {\n    background-image: url(data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP///yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7)\n}\n",
-            "safe": false,
-            "file": "/function.css",
-            "from": "/function.css"
-        }
-    },
-    "semicolon": false,
-    "after": "\n"
-}
diff --git a/test/cases/ie-progid.css b/test/cases/ie-progid.css
deleted file mode 100644
index 4b1020229..000000000
--- a/test/cases/ie-progid.css
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,3 +0,0 @@
-a {
-    filter: progid:DXImageTransform.Microsoft.Blur(pixelradius=2) progid:DXImageTransform.Microsoft.Wheel(duration=3);
-}
diff --git a/test/cases/ie-progid.json b/test/cases/ie-progid.json
deleted file mode 100644
index 2808ca13c..000000000
--- a/test/cases/ie-progid.json
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,64 +0,0 @@
-{
-    "type": "root",
-    "nodes": [
-        {
-            "type": "rule",
-            "nodes": [
-                {
-                    "type": "decl",
-                    "source": {
-                        "start": {
-                            "line": 2,
-                            "column": 5
-                        },
-                        "input": {
-                            "css": "a {\n    filter: progid:DXImageTransform.Microsoft.Blur(pixelradius=2) progid:DXImageTransform.Microsoft.Wheel(duration=3);\n}\n",
-                            "safe": false,
-                            "file": "/ie-progid.css",
-                            "from": "/ie-progid.css"
-                        },
-                        "end": {
-                            "line": 2,
-                            "column": 118
-                        }
-                    },
-                    "before": "\n    ",
-                    "prop": "filter",
-                    "between": ": ",
-                    "value": "progid:DXImageTransform.Microsoft.Blur(pixelradius=2) progid:DXImageTransform.Microsoft.Wheel(duration=3)"
-                }
-            ],
-            "source": {
-                "start": {
-                    "line": 1,
-                    "column": 1
-                },
-                "input": {
-                    "css": "a {\n    filter: progid:DXImageTransform.Microsoft.Blur(pixelradius=2) progid:DXImageTransform.Microsoft.Wheel(duration=3);\n}\n",
-                    "safe": false,
-                    "file": "/ie-progid.css",
-                    "from": "/ie-progid.css"
-                },
-                "end": {
-                    "line": 3,
-                    "column": 1
-                }
-            },
-            "before": "",
-            "between": " ",
-            "selector": "a",
-            "semicolon": true,
-            "after": "\n"
-        }
-    ],
-    "source": {
-        "input": {
-            "css": "a {\n    filter: progid:DXImageTransform.Microsoft.Blur(pixelradius=2) progid:DXImageTransform.Microsoft.Wheel(duration=3);\n}\n",
-            "safe": false,
-            "file": "/ie-progid.css",
-            "from": "/ie-progid.css"
-        }
-    },
-    "semicolon": false,
-    "after": "\n"
-}
diff --git a/test/cases/important.css b/test/cases/important.css
deleted file mode 100644
index 642ddb0ee..000000000
--- a/test/cases/important.css
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,4 +0,0 @@
-a {
-    width: 1px!important;
-    color: black  !important ;
-}
diff --git a/test/cases/important.json b/test/cases/important.json
deleted file mode 100644
index 8cca3e7e0..000000000
--- a/test/cases/important.json
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,91 +0,0 @@
-{
-    "type": "root",
-    "nodes": [
-        {
-            "type": "rule",
-            "nodes": [
-                {
-                    "type": "decl",
-                    "source": {
-                        "start": {
-                            "line": 2,
-                            "column": 5
-                        },
-                        "input": {
-                            "css": "a {\n    width: 1px!important;\n    color: black  !important ;\n}\n",
-                            "safe": false,
-                            "file": "/important.css",
-                            "from": "/important.css"
-                        },
-                        "end": {
-                            "line": 2,
-                            "column": 25
-                        }
-                    },
-                    "before": "\n    ",
-                    "prop": "width",
-                    "between": ": ",
-                    "important": true,
-                    "_important": "!important",
-                    "value": "1px"
-                },
-                {
-                    "type": "decl",
-                    "source": {
-                        "start": {
-                            "line": 3,
-                            "column": 5
-                        },
-                        "input": {
-                            "css": "a {\n    width: 1px!important;\n    color: black  !important ;\n}\n",
-                            "safe": false,
-                            "file": "/important.css",
-                            "from": "/important.css"
-                        },
-                        "end": {
-                            "line": 3,
-                            "column": 30
-                        }
-                    },
-                    "before": "\n    ",
-                    "prop": "color",
-                    "between": ": ",
-                    "important": true,
-                    "_important": "  !important ",
-                    "value": "black"
-                }
-            ],
-            "source": {
-                "start": {
-                    "line": 1,
-                    "column": 1
-                },
-                "input": {
-                    "css": "a {\n    width: 1px!important;\n    color: black  !important ;\n}\n",
-                    "safe": false,
-                    "file": "/important.css",
-                    "from": "/important.css"
-                },
-                "end": {
-                    "line": 4,
-                    "column": 1
-                }
-            },
-            "before": "",
-            "between": " ",
-            "selector": "a",
-            "semicolon": true,
-            "after": "\n"
-        }
-    ],
-    "source": {
-        "input": {
-            "css": "a {\n    width: 1px!important;\n    color: black  !important ;\n}\n",
-            "safe": false,
-            "file": "/important.css",
-            "from": "/important.css"
-        }
-    },
-    "semicolon": false,
-    "after": "\n"
-}
diff --git a/test/cases/prop-hacks.css b/test/cases/prop-hacks.css
deleted file mode 100644
index b495a90f9..000000000
--- a/test/cases/prop-hacks.css
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,5 +0,0 @@
-a {
-    *color : black;
-    _background: white;
-    font-size/**/: big;
-}
diff --git a/test/cases/prop-hacks.json b/test/cases/prop-hacks.json
deleted file mode 100644
index 9950335f5..000000000
--- a/test/cases/prop-hacks.json
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,110 +0,0 @@
-{
-    "type": "root",
-    "nodes": [
-        {
-            "type": "rule",
-            "nodes": [
-                {
-                    "type": "decl",
-                    "source": {
-                        "start": {
-                            "line": 2,
-                            "column": 5
-                        },
-                        "input": {
-                            "css": "a {\n    *color : black;\n    _background: white;\n    font-size/**/: big;\n}\n",
-                            "safe": false,
-                            "file": "/prop-hacks.css",
-                            "from": "/prop-hacks.css"
-                        },
-                        "end": {
-                            "line": 2,
-                            "column": 19
-                        }
-                    },
-                    "before": "\n    *",
-                    "prop": "color",
-                    "between": " : ",
-                    "value": "black"
-                },
-                {
-                    "type": "decl",
-                    "source": {
-                        "start": {
-                            "line": 3,
-                            "column": 5
-                        },
-                        "input": {
-                            "css": "a {\n    *color : black;\n    _background: white;\n    font-size/**/: big;\n}\n",
-                            "safe": false,
-                            "file": "/prop-hacks.css",
-                            "from": "/prop-hacks.css"
-                        },
-                        "end": {
-                            "line": 3,
-                            "column": 23
-                        }
-                    },
-                    "before": "\n    _",
-                    "prop": "background",
-                    "between": ": ",
-                    "value": "white"
-                },
-                {
-                    "type": "decl",
-                    "source": {
-                        "start": {
-                            "line": 4,
-                            "column": 5
-                        },
-                        "input": {
-                            "css": "a {\n    *color : black;\n    _background: white;\n    font-size/**/: big;\n}\n",
-                            "safe": false,
-                            "file": "/prop-hacks.css",
-                            "from": "/prop-hacks.css"
-                        },
-                        "end": {
-                            "line": 4,
-                            "column": 23
-                        }
-                    },
-                    "before": "\n    ",
-                    "prop": "font-size",
-                    "between": "/**/: ",
-                    "value": "big"
-                }
-            ],
-            "source": {
-                "start": {
-                    "line": 1,
-                    "column": 1
-                },
-                "input": {
-                    "css": "a {\n    *color : black;\n    _background: white;\n    font-size/**/: big;\n}\n",
-                    "safe": false,
-                    "file": "/prop-hacks.css",
-                    "from": "/prop-hacks.css"
-                },
-                "end": {
-                    "line": 5,
-                    "column": 1
-                }
-            },
-            "before": "",
-            "between": " ",
-            "selector": "a",
-            "semicolon": true,
-            "after": "\n"
-        }
-    ],
-    "source": {
-        "input": {
-            "css": "a {\n    *color : black;\n    _background: white;\n    font-size/**/: big;\n}\n",
-            "safe": false,
-            "file": "/prop-hacks.css",
-            "from": "/prop-hacks.css"
-        }
-    },
-    "semicolon": false,
-    "after": "\n"
-}
diff --git a/test/cases/quotes.css b/test/cases/quotes.css
deleted file mode 100644
index a580478b5..000000000
--- a/test/cases/quotes.css
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,4 +0,0 @@
-a::before {
-    content: ";'@ /**/\"";
-    content: '\'"\\';
-}
diff --git a/test/cases/quotes.json b/test/cases/quotes.json
deleted file mode 100644
index 8c2146c84..000000000
--- a/test/cases/quotes.json
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,87 +0,0 @@
-{
-    "type": "root",
-    "nodes": [
-        {
-            "type": "rule",
-            "nodes": [
-                {
-                    "type": "decl",
-                    "source": {
-                        "start": {
-                            "line": 2,
-                            "column": 5
-                        },
-                        "input": {
-                            "css": "a::before {\n    content: \";'@ /**/\\\"\";\n    content: '\\'\"\\\\';\n}\n",
-                            "safe": false,
-                            "file": "/quotes.css",
-                            "from": "/quotes.css"
-                        },
-                        "end": {
-                            "line": 2,
-                            "column": 26
-                        }
-                    },
-                    "before": "\n    ",
-                    "prop": "content",
-                    "between": ": ",
-                    "value": "\";'@ /**/\\\"\""
-                },
-                {
-                    "type": "decl",
-                    "source": {
-                        "start": {
-                            "line": 3,
-                            "column": 5
-                        },
-                        "input": {
-                            "css": "a::before {\n    content: \";'@ /**/\\\"\";\n    content: '\\'\"\\\\';\n}\n",
-                            "safe": false,
-                            "file": "/quotes.css",
-                            "from": "/quotes.css"
-                        },
-                        "end": {
-                            "line": 3,
-                            "column": 21
-                        }
-                    },
-                    "before": "\n    ",
-                    "prop": "content",
-                    "between": ": ",
-                    "value": "'\\'\"\\\\'"
-                }
-            ],
-            "source": {
-                "start": {
-                    "line": 1,
-                    "column": 1
-                },
-                "input": {
-                    "css": "a::before {\n    content: \";'@ /**/\\\"\";\n    content: '\\'\"\\\\';\n}\n",
-                    "safe": false,
-                    "file": "/quotes.css",
-                    "from": "/quotes.css"
-                },
-                "end": {
-                    "line": 4,
-                    "column": 1
-                }
-            },
-            "before": "",
-            "between": " ",
-            "selector": "a::before",
-            "semicolon": true,
-            "after": "\n"
-        }
-    ],
-    "source": {
-        "input": {
-            "css": "a::before {\n    content: \";'@ /**/\\\"\";\n    content: '\\'\"\\\\';\n}\n",
-            "safe": false,
-            "file": "/quotes.css",
-            "from": "/quotes.css"
-        }
-    },
-    "semicolon": false,
-    "after": "\n"
-}
diff --git a/test/cases/raw-decl.css b/test/cases/raw-decl.css
deleted file mode 100644
index 52c444dcb..000000000
--- a/test/cases/raw-decl.css
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1 +0,0 @@
-a { color: a/* ; */ b; }
diff --git a/test/cases/raw-decl.json b/test/cases/raw-decl.json
deleted file mode 100644
index 049e79625..000000000
--- a/test/cases/raw-decl.json
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,68 +0,0 @@
-{
-    "type": "root",
-    "nodes": [
-        {
-            "type": "rule",
-            "nodes": [
-                {
-                    "type": "decl",
-                    "source": {
-                        "start": {
-                            "line": 1,
-                            "column": 5
-                        },
-                        "input": {
-                            "css": "a { color: a/* ; */ b; }\n",
-                            "safe": false,
-                            "file": "/raw-decl.css",
-                            "from": "/raw-decl.css"
-                        },
-                        "end": {
-                            "line": 1,
-                            "column": 22
-                        }
-                    },
-                    "before": " ",
-                    "prop": "color",
-                    "between": ": ",
-                    "_value": {
-                        "value": "a b",
-                        "raw": "a/* ; */ b"
-                    },
-                    "value": "a b"
-                }
-            ],
-            "source": {
-                "start": {
-                    "line": 1,
-                    "column": 1
-                },
-                "input": {
-                    "css": "a { color: a/* ; */ b; }\n",
-                    "safe": false,
-                    "file": "/raw-decl.css",
-                    "from": "/raw-decl.css"
-                },
-                "end": {
-                    "line": 1,
-                    "column": 24
-                }
-            },
-            "before": "",
-            "between": " ",
-            "selector": "a",
-            "semicolon": true,
-            "after": " "
-        }
-    ],
-    "source": {
-        "input": {
-            "css": "a { color: a/* ; */ b; }\n",
-            "safe": false,
-            "file": "/raw-decl.css",
-            "from": "/raw-decl.css"
-        }
-    },
-    "semicolon": false,
-    "after": "\n"
-}
diff --git a/test/cases/rule-no-semicolon.css b/test/cases/rule-no-semicolon.css
deleted file mode 100644
index 3a5f0709d..000000000
--- a/test/cases/rule-no-semicolon.css
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1 +0,0 @@
-a{color:black}
diff --git a/test/cases/rule-no-semicolon.json b/test/cases/rule-no-semicolon.json
deleted file mode 100644
index b194022bf..000000000
--- a/test/cases/rule-no-semicolon.json
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,64 +0,0 @@
-{
-    "type": "root",
-    "nodes": [
-        {
-            "type": "rule",
-            "nodes": [
-                {
-                    "type": "decl",
-                    "source": {
-                        "start": {
-                            "line": 1,
-                            "column": 3
-                        },
-                        "input": {
-                            "css": "a{color:black}\n",
-                            "safe": false,
-                            "file": "/rule-no-semicolon.css",
-                            "from": "/rule-no-semicolon.css"
-                        },
-                        "end": {
-                            "line": 1,
-                            "column": 13
-                        }
-                    },
-                    "before": "",
-                    "prop": "color",
-                    "between": ":",
-                    "value": "black"
-                }
-            ],
-            "source": {
-                "start": {
-                    "line": 1,
-                    "column": 1
-                },
-                "input": {
-                    "css": "a{color:black}\n",
-                    "safe": false,
-                    "file": "/rule-no-semicolon.css",
-                    "from": "/rule-no-semicolon.css"
-                },
-                "end": {
-                    "line": 1,
-                    "column": 14
-                }
-            },
-            "before": "",
-            "between": "",
-            "selector": "a",
-            "semicolon": false,
-            "after": ""
-        }
-    ],
-    "source": {
-        "input": {
-            "css": "a{color:black}\n",
-            "safe": false,
-            "file": "/rule-no-semicolon.css",
-            "from": "/rule-no-semicolon.css"
-        }
-    },
-    "semicolon": false,
-    "after": "\n"
-}
diff --git a/test/cases/selector.css b/test/cases/selector.css
deleted file mode 100644
index ad0472d61..000000000
--- a/test/cases/selector.css
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,2 +0,0 @@
-
-a/* { } */ b {}
diff --git a/test/cases/selector.json b/test/cases/selector.json
deleted file mode 100644
index 7dcdbaae2..000000000
--- a/test/cases/selector.json
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,43 +0,0 @@
-{
-    "type": "root",
-    "nodes": [
-        {
-            "type": "rule",
-            "nodes": [],
-            "source": {
-                "start": {
-                    "line": 2,
-                    "column": 1
-                },
-                "input": {
-                    "css": "\na/* { } */ b {}\n",
-                    "safe": false,
-                    "file": "/selector.css",
-                    "from": "/selector.css"
-                },
-                "end": {
-                    "line": 2,
-                    "column": 15
-                }
-            },
-            "before": "\n",
-            "between": " ",
-            "_selector": {
-                "value": "a b",
-                "raw": "a/* { } */ b"
-            },
-            "selector": "a b",
-            "after": ""
-        }
-    ],
-    "source": {
-        "input": {
-            "css": "\na/* { } */ b {}\n",
-            "safe": false,
-            "file": "/selector.css",
-            "from": "/selector.css"
-        }
-    },
-    "semicolon": false,
-    "after": "\n"
-}
diff --git a/test/cases/semicolons.css b/test/cases/semicolons.css
deleted file mode 100644
index a1952397b..000000000
--- a/test/cases/semicolons.css
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,4 +0,0 @@
-a {;;
-    color: black;
-    ; ;
-}
diff --git a/test/cases/semicolons.json b/test/cases/semicolons.json
deleted file mode 100644
index b5f7a8c49..000000000
--- a/test/cases/semicolons.json
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,64 +0,0 @@
-{
-    "type": "root",
-    "nodes": [
-        {
-            "type": "rule",
-            "nodes": [
-                {
-                    "type": "decl",
-                    "source": {
-                        "start": {
-                            "line": 2,
-                            "column": 5
-                        },
-                        "input": {
-                            "css": "a {;;\n    color: black;\n    ; ;\n}\n",
-                            "safe": false,
-                            "file": "/semicolons.css",
-                            "from": "/semicolons.css"
-                        },
-                        "end": {
-                            "line": 2,
-                            "column": 17
-                        }
-                    },
-                    "before": ";;\n    ",
-                    "prop": "color",
-                    "between": ": ",
-                    "value": "black"
-                }
-            ],
-            "source": {
-                "start": {
-                    "line": 1,
-                    "column": 1
-                },
-                "input": {
-                    "css": "a {;;\n    color: black;\n    ; ;\n}\n",
-                    "safe": false,
-                    "file": "/semicolons.css",
-                    "from": "/semicolons.css"
-                },
-                "end": {
-                    "line": 4,
-                    "column": 1
-                }
-            },
-            "before": "",
-            "between": " ",
-            "selector": "a",
-            "semicolon": true,
-            "after": "\n    ; ;\n"
-        }
-    ],
-    "source": {
-        "input": {
-            "css": "a {;;\n    color: black;\n    ; ;\n}\n",
-            "safe": false,
-            "file": "/semicolons.css",
-            "from": "/semicolons.css"
-        }
-    },
-    "semicolon": false,
-    "after": "\n"
-}
diff --git a/test/cases/tab.css b/test/cases/tab.css
deleted file mode 100644
index 745359d34..000000000
--- a/test/cases/tab.css
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,3 +0,0 @@
-a {
-	color: black
-}
diff --git a/test/cases/tab.json b/test/cases/tab.json
deleted file mode 100644
index 591357e89..000000000
--- a/test/cases/tab.json
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,64 +0,0 @@
-{
-    "type": "root",
-    "nodes": [
-        {
-            "type": "rule",
-            "nodes": [
-                {
-                    "type": "decl",
-                    "source": {
-                        "start": {
-                            "line": 2,
-                            "column": 2
-                        },
-                        "input": {
-                            "css": "a {\n\tcolor: black\n}\n",
-                            "safe": false,
-                            "file": "/tab.css",
-                            "from": "/tab.css"
-                        },
-                        "end": {
-                            "line": 2,
-                            "column": 13
-                        }
-                    },
-                    "before": "\n\t",
-                    "prop": "color",
-                    "between": ": ",
-                    "value": "black"
-                }
-            ],
-            "source": {
-                "start": {
-                    "line": 1,
-                    "column": 1
-                },
-                "input": {
-                    "css": "a {\n\tcolor: black\n}\n",
-                    "safe": false,
-                    "file": "/tab.css",
-                    "from": "/tab.css"
-                },
-                "end": {
-                    "line": 3,
-                    "column": 1
-                }
-            },
-            "before": "",
-            "between": " ",
-            "selector": "a",
-            "semicolon": false,
-            "after": "\n"
-        }
-    ],
-    "source": {
-        "input": {
-            "css": "a {\n\tcolor: black\n}\n",
-            "safe": false,
-            "file": "/tab.css",
-            "from": "/tab.css"
-        }
-    },
-    "semicolon": false,
-    "after": "\n"
-}
diff --git a/test/comment.js b/test/comment.js
deleted file mode 100644
index 44a0f92bb..000000000
--- a/test/comment.js
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,25 +0,0 @@
-import Comment from '../lib/comment';
-import parse   from '../lib/parse';
-
-import { expect } from 'chai';
-
-describe('Comment', () => {
-
-    describe('toString()', () => {
-
-        it('inserts default spaces', () => {
-            var comment = new Comment({ text: 'hi' });
-            expect(comment.toString()).to.eql('/* hi */');
-        });
-
-        it('clone spaces from another comment', () => {
-            var root    = parse('a{} /*hello*/');
-            var comment = new Comment({ text: 'world' });
-            root.append(comment);
-
-            expect(comment.toString()).to.eql(' /*world*/');
-        });
-
-    });
-
-});
diff --git a/test/comment.test.ts b/test/comment.test.ts
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..b25f8125e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/comment.test.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+import { test } from 'uvu'
+import { is } from 'uvu/assert'
+
+import { Comment, parse } from '../lib/postcss.js'
+
+test('toString() inserts default spaces', () => {
+  let comment = new Comment({ text: 'hi' })
+  is(comment.toString(), '/* hi */')
+})
+
+test('toString() clones spaces from another comment', () => {
+  let root = parse('a{} /*hello*/')
+  let comment = new Comment({ text: 'world' })
+  root.append(comment)
+
+  is(root.toString(), 'a{} /*hello*/ /*world*/')
+})
+
+test.run()
diff --git a/test/container.js b/test/container.js
deleted file mode 100644
index 1c7eebd82..000000000
--- a/test/container.js
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,679 +0,0 @@
-import Declaration from '../lib/declaration';
-import Container   from '../lib/container';
-import parse       from '../lib/parse';
-import Rule        from '../lib/rule';
-import Root        from '../lib/root';
-
-import { expect } from 'chai';
-
-var example = 'a { a: 1; b: 2 }' +
-              '/* a */' +
-              '@keyframes anim {' +
-                  '/* b */' +
-                  'to { c: 3 }' +
-              '}' +
-              '@media all and (min-width: 100) {' +
-                  'em { d: 4 }' +
-                  '@page {' +
-                       'e: 5;' +
-                      '/* c */' +
-                  '}' +
-              '}';
-
-describe('Container', () => {
-
-    describe('push()', () => {
-
-        it('adds child without checks', () => {
-            var rule = parse('a { a: 1; b: 2 }').first;
-            rule.push(new Declaration({ prop: 'c', value: '3' }));
-            expect(rule.toString()).to.eql('a { a: 1; b: 2; c: 3 }');
-            expect(rule.nodes.length).to.eql(3);
-            expect(rule.last).to.not.have.property('before');
-        });
-
-    });
-
-    describe('each()', () => {
-
-        it('iterates', () => {
-            var rule    = parse('a { a: 1; b: 2 }').first;
-            var indexes = [];
-
-            var result = rule.each( (decl, i) => {
-                indexes.push(i);
-                expect(decl).to.eql(rule.nodes[i]);
-            });
-
-            expect(result).to.not.exist;
-            expect(indexes).to.eql([0, 1]);
-        });
-
-        it('iterates with prepend', () => {
-            var rule = parse('a { a: 1; b: 2 }').first;
-            var size = 0;
-
-            rule.each( () => {
-                rule.prepend({ prop: 'color', value: 'aqua' });
-                size += 1;
-            });
-
-            expect(size).to.eql(2);
-        });
-
-        it('iterates with prepend insertBefore', () => {
-            var rule = parse('a { a: 1; b: 2 }').first;
-            var size = 0;
-
-            rule.each( (decl) => {
-                if ( decl.prop == 'a' ) {
-                    rule.insertBefore(decl, { prop: 'c', value: '3' });
-                }
-                size += 1;
-            });
-
-            expect(size).to.eql(2);
-        });
-
-        it('iterates with append insertBefore', () => {
-            var rule = parse('a { a: 1; b: 2 }').first;
-            var size = 0;
-
-            rule.each( (decl, i) => {
-                if ( decl.prop == 'a' ) {
-                    rule.insertBefore(i + 1, { prop: 'c', value: '3' });
-                }
-                size += 1;
-            });
-
-            expect(size).to.eql(3);
-        });
-
-        it('iterates with prepend insertAfter', () => {
-            var rule = parse('a { a: 1; b: 2 }').first;
-            var size = 0;
-
-            rule.each( (decl, i) => {
-                rule.insertAfter(i - 1, { prop: 'c', value: '3' });
-                size += 1;
-            });
-
-            expect(size).to.eql(2);
-        });
-
-        it('iterates with append insertAfter', () => {
-            var rule = parse('a { a: 1; b: 2 }').first;
-            var size = 0;
-
-            rule.each( (decl, i) => {
-                if ( decl.prop == 'a' ) {
-                    rule.insertAfter(i, { prop: 'c', value: '3' });
-                }
-                size += 1;
-            });
-
-            expect(size).to.eql(3);
-        });
-
-        it('iterates with remove', () => {
-            var rule = parse('a { a: 1; b: 2 }').first;
-            var size = 0;
-
-            rule.each( () => {
-                rule.remove(0);
-                size += 1;
-            });
-
-            expect(size).to.eql(2);
-        });
-
-        it('breaks iteration', () => {
-            var rule    = parse('a { a: 1; b: 2 }').first;
-            var indexes = [];
-
-            var result = rule.each( (decl, i) => {
-                indexes.push(i);
-                return false;
-            });
-
-            expect(result).to.be.false;
-            expect(indexes).to.eql([0]);
-        });
-
-        it('allows to change children', () => {
-            var rule  = parse('a { a: 1; b: 2 }').first;
-            var props = [];
-
-            var result = rule.each( (decl, i) => {
-                props.push(decl.prop);
-                rule.nodes = [rule.last, rule.first];
-            });
-
-            expect(props).to.eql(['a', 'a']);
-        });
-
-    });
-
-    describe('eachInside()', () => {
-
-        it('iterates', () => {
-            var types   = [];
-            var indexes = [];
-
-            var result = parse(example).eachInside( (node, i) => {
-                types.push(node.type);
-                indexes.push(i);
-            });
-
-            expect(result).to.not.exist;
-            expect(types).to.eql(['rule', 'decl', 'decl', 'comment', 'atrule',
-                                  'comment', 'rule', 'decl', 'atrule', 'rule',
-                                  'decl', 'atrule', 'decl', 'comment']);
-            expect(indexes).to.eql([0, 0, 1, 1, 2, 0, 1, 0, 3, 0, 0, 1, 0, 1]);
-        });
-
-        it('breaks iteration', () => {
-            var indexes = [];
-
-            var result = parse(example).eachInside( (decl, i) => {
-                indexes.push(i);
-                return false;
-            });
-
-            expect(result).to.be.false;
-            expect(indexes).to.eql([0]);
-        });
-
-    });
-
-    describe('eachDecl()', () => {
-
-        it('iterates', () => {
-            var props   = [];
-            var indexes = [];
-
-            var result = parse(example).eachDecl( (decl, i) => {
-                props.push(decl.prop);
-                indexes.push(i);
-            });
-
-            expect(result).to.not.exist;
-            expect(props).to.eql(['a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'e']);
-            expect(indexes).to.eql([0, 1, 0, 0, 0]);
-        });
-
-        it('iterates with changes', () => {
-            var size = 0;
-            parse(example).eachDecl( (decl, i) => {
-                decl.parent.remove(i);
-                size += 1;
-            });
-            expect(size).to.eql(5);
-        });
-
-        it('breaks iteration', () => {
-            var indexes = [];
-
-            var result = parse(example).eachDecl( (decl, i) => {
-                indexes.push(i);
-                return false;
-            });
-
-            expect(result).to.be.false;
-            expect(indexes).to.eql([0]);
-        });
-
-        it('filters declarations by property name', () => {
-            var css  = parse('@page{a{one:1}}b{one:1;two:2}');
-            var size = 0;
-
-            css.eachDecl('one', (decl) => {
-                expect(decl.prop).to.eql('one');
-                size += 1;
-            });
-
-            expect(size).to.eql(2);
-        });
-
-        it('filters declarations by property regexp', () => {
-            var css  = parse('@page{a{one:1}}b{one-x:1;two:2}');
-            var size = 0;
-
-            css.eachDecl(/one(-x)?/, () => size += 1 );
-
-            expect(size).to.eql(2);
-        });
-
-    });
-
-    describe('eachComment()', () => {
-
-        it('iterates', () => {
-            var texts   = [];
-            var indexes = [];
-
-            var result = parse(example).eachComment( (comment, i) => {
-                texts.push(comment.text);
-                indexes.push(i);
-            });
-
-            expect(result).to.not.exist;
-            expect(texts).to.eql(  ['a', 'b', 'c']);
-            expect(indexes).to.eql([1, 0, 1]);
-        });
-
-        it('iterates with changes', () => {
-            var size = 0;
-            parse(example).eachComment( (comment, i) => {
-                comment.parent.remove(i);
-                size += 1;
-            });
-            expect(size).to.eql(3);
-        });
-
-        it('breaks iteration', () => {
-            var indexes = [];
-
-            var result = parse(example).eachComment( (comment, i) => {
-                indexes.push(i);
-                return false;
-            });
-
-            expect(result).to.be.false;
-            expect(indexes).to.eql([1]);
-        });
-
-    });
-
-    describe('eachRule()', () => {
-
-        it('iterates', () => {
-            var selectors = [];
-            var indexes   = [];
-
-            var result = parse(example).eachRule( (rule, i) => {
-                selectors.push(rule.selector);
-                indexes.push(i);
-            });
-
-            expect(result).to.not.exist;
-            expect(selectors).to.eql(['a', 'to', 'em']);
-            expect(indexes).to.eql([0, 1, 0]);
-        });
-
-        it('iterates with changes', () => {
-            var size = 0;
-            parse(example).eachRule( (rule, i) => {
-                rule.parent.remove(i);
-                size += 1;
-            });
-            expect(size).to.eql(3);
-        });
-
-        it('breaks iteration', () => {
-            var indexes = [];
-
-            var result = parse(example).eachRule( (rule, i) => {
-                indexes.push(i);
-                return false;
-            });
-
-            expect(result).to.be.false;
-            expect(indexes).to.eql([0]);
-        });
-
-    });
-
-    describe('eachAtRule()', () => {
-
-        it('iterates', () => {
-            var names   = [];
-            var indexes = [];
-
-            var result = parse(example).eachAtRule( (atrule, i) => {
-                names.push(atrule.name);
-                indexes.push(i);
-            });
-
-            expect(result).to.not.exist;
-            expect(names).to.eql(['keyframes', 'media', 'page']);
-            expect(indexes).to.eql([2, 3, 1]);
-        });
-
-        it('iterates with changes', () => {
-            var size = 0;
-            parse(example).eachAtRule( (atrule, i) => {
-                atrule.parent.remove(i);
-                size += 1;
-            });
-            expect(size).to.eql(3);
-        });
-
-        it('breaks iteration', () => {
-            var indexes = [];
-
-            var result = parse(example).eachAtRule( (atrule, i) => {
-                indexes.push(i);
-                return false;
-            });
-
-            expect(result).to.be.false;
-            expect(indexes).to.eql([2]);
-        });
-
-        it('filters at-rules by name', () => {
-            var css  = parse('@page{@page 2{}}@media print{@page{}}');
-            var size = 0;
-
-            css.eachAtRule('page', (atrule) => {
-                expect(atrule.name).to.eql('page');
-                size += 1;
-            });
-
-            expect(size).to.eql(3);
-        });
-
-        it('filters at-rules by name regexp', () => {
-            var css  = parse('@page{@page 2{}}@media print{@page{}}');
-            var size = 0;
-
-            css.eachAtRule(/page/, () => size += 1 );
-
-            expect(size).to.eql(3);
-        });
-
-    });
-
-    describe('append()', () => {
-
-        it('appends child', () => {
-            var rule = parse('a { a: 1; b: 2 }').first;
-            rule.append({ prop: 'c', value: '3' });
-            expect(rule.toString()).to.eql('a { a: 1; b: 2; c: 3 }');
-            expect(rule.last.before).to.eql(' ');
-        });
-
-        it('has declaration shortcut', () => {
-            var rule = parse('a { a: 1; b: 2 }').first;
-            rule.append({ prop: 'c', value: '3' });
-            expect(rule.toString()).to.eql('a { a: 1; b: 2; c: 3 }');
-        });
-
-        it('has rule shortcut', () => {
-            var root = new Root();
-            root.append({ selector: 'a' });
-            expect(root.first.toString()).to.eql('a {}');
-        });
-
-        it('has at-rule shortcut', () => {
-            var root = new Root();
-            root.append({ name: 'encoding', params: '"utf-8"' });
-            expect(root.first.toString()).to.eql('@encoding "utf-8"');
-        });
-
-        it('has comment shortcut', () => {
-            var root = new Root();
-            root.append({ text: 'ok' });
-            expect(root.first.toString()).to.eql('/* ok */');
-        });
-
-        it('receives root', () => {
-            var css = parse('a {}');
-            css.append( parse('b {}') );
-            expect(css.toString()).to.eql('a {}\nb {}');
-        });
-
-        it('receives array', () => {
-            var a = parse('a{ z-index: 1 }');
-            var b = parse('b{width:1px;height:2px}');
-
-            a.first.append( b.first.nodes );
-            expect(a.toString()).to.eql(
-                'a{ z-index: 1; width: 1px; height: 2px }');
-            expect(b.toString()).to.eql('b{width:1px;height:2px}');
-        });
-
-        it('clones node on insert', () => {
-            var a = parse('a{}');
-            var b = parse('b{}');
-
-            b.append(a.first);
-            b.last.selector = 'b a';
-
-            expect(a.toString()).to.eql('a{}');
-            expect(b.toString()).to.eql('b{}\nb a{}');
-        });
-
-    });
-
-    describe('prepend()', () => {
-
-        it('prepends child', () => {
-            var rule = parse('a { a: 1; b: 2 }').first;
-            rule.prepend({ prop: 'c', value: '3' });
-            expect(rule.toString()).to.eql('a { c: 3; a: 1; b: 2 }');
-            expect(rule.first.before).to.eql(' ');
-        });
-
-        it('receive hash instead of declaration', () => {
-            var rule = parse('a { a: 1; b: 2 }').first;
-            rule.prepend({ prop: 'c', value: '3' });
-            expect(rule.toString()).to.eql('a { c: 3; a: 1; b: 2 }');
-        });
-
-        it('receives root', () => {
-            var css = parse('a {}');
-            css.prepend( parse('b {}') );
-            expect(css.toString()).to.eql('b {}\na {}');
-        });
-
-        it('receives array', () => {
-            var a = parse('a{ z-index: 1 }');
-            var b = parse('b{width:1px;height:2px}');
-
-            a.first.prepend( b.first.nodes );
-            expect(a.toString()).to.eql(
-                'a{ width: 1px; height: 2px; z-index: 1 }');
-        });
-
-        it('works on empty container', () => {
-            var root = parse('');
-            root.prepend( new Rule({ selector: 'a' }) );
-            expect(root.toString()).to.eql('a {}');
-        });
-
-    });
-
-    describe('insertBefore()', () => {
-
-        it('inserts child', () => {
-            var rule = parse('a { a: 1; b: 2 }').first;
-            rule.insertBefore(1, { prop: 'c', value: '3' });
-            expect(rule.toString()).to.eql('a { a: 1; c: 3; b: 2 }');
-            expect(rule.nodes[1].before).to.eql(' ');
-        });
-
-        it('works with nodes too', () => {
-            var rule = parse('a { a: 1; b: 2 }').first;
-            rule.insertBefore(rule.nodes[1], { prop: 'c', value: '3' });
-            expect(rule.toString()).to.eql('a { a: 1; c: 3; b: 2 }');
-        });
-
-        it('receive hash instead of declaration', () => {
-            var rule = parse('a { a: 1; b: 2 }').first;
-            rule.insertBefore(1, { prop: 'c', value: '3' });
-            expect(rule.toString()).to.eql('a { a: 1; c: 3; b: 2 }');
-        });
-
-        it('receives array', () => {
-            var a = parse('a{ color: red; z-index: 1 }');
-            var b = parse('b{width:1;height:2}');
-
-            a.first.insertBefore(1, b.first.nodes);
-            expect(a.toString()).to.eql(
-                'a{ color: red; width: 1; height: 2; z-index: 1 }');
-        });
-
-    });
-
-    describe('insertAfter()', () => {
-
-        it('inserts child', () => {
-            var rule = parse('a { a: 1; b: 2 }').first;
-            rule.insertAfter(0, { prop: 'c', value: '3' });
-            expect(rule.toString()).to.eql('a { a: 1; c: 3; b: 2 }');
-            expect(rule.nodes[1].before).to.eql(' ');
-        });
-
-        it('works with nodes too', () => {
-            var rule = parse('a { a: 1; b: 2 }').first;
-            rule.insertAfter(rule.first, { prop: 'c', value: '3' });
-            expect(rule.toString()).to.eql('a { a: 1; c: 3; b: 2 }');
-        });
-
-        it('receive hash instead of declaration', () => {
-            var rule = parse('a { a: 1; b: 2 }').first;
-            rule.insertAfter(0, { prop: 'c', value: '3' });
-            expect(rule.toString()).to.eql('a { a: 1; c: 3; b: 2 }');
-        });
-
-        it('receives array', () => {
-            var a = parse('a{ color: red; z-index: 1 }');
-            var b = parse('b{width:1;height:2}');
-
-            a.first.insertAfter(0, b.first.nodes);
-            expect(a.toString()).to.eql(
-                'a{ color: red; width: 1; height: 2; z-index: 1 }');
-        });
-
-    });
-
-    describe('remove()', () => {
-
-        it('removes by index', () => {
-            var rule = parse('a { a: 1; b: 2 }').first;
-            rule.remove(1);
-            expect(rule.toString()).to.eql('a { a: 1 }');
-        });
-
-        it('removes by node', () => {
-            var rule = parse('a { a: 1; b: 2 }').first;
-            rule.remove(rule.last);
-            expect(rule.toString()).to.eql('a { a: 1 }');
-        });
-
-        it('cleans parent in removed node', () => {
-            var rule = parse('a { a: 1; b: 2 }').first;
-            var decl = rule.first;
-            rule.remove(decl);
-            expect(decl.parent).to.not.exist;
-        });
-
-    });
-
-    describe('removeAll()', () => {
-
-        it('removes all children', () => {
-            var rule = parse('a { a: 1; b: 2 }').first;
-            var decl = rule.first;
-            rule.removeAll();
-
-            expect(decl.parent).to.not.exist;
-            expect(rule.toString()).to.eql('a { }');
-        });
-
-    });
-
-    describe('replaceValues()', () => {
-
-        it('replaces strings', () => {
-            var css    = parse('a{one:1}b{two:1 2}');
-            var result = css.replaceValues('1', 'A');
-
-            expect(result).to.eql(css);
-            expect(css.toString()).to.eql('a{one:A}b{two:A 2}');
-        });
-
-        it('replaces regpexp', () => {
-            var css = parse('a{one:1}b{two:1 2}');
-            css.replaceValues(/\d/g, i => i + 'A');
-            expect(css.toString()).to.eql('a{one:1A}b{two:1A 2A}');
-        });
-
-        it('filters properties', () => {
-            var css = parse('a{one:1}b{two:1 2}');
-            css.replaceValues('1', { props: ['one'] }, 'A');
-            expect(css.toString()).to.eql('a{one:A}b{two:1 2}');
-        });
-
-        it('uses fast check', () => {
-            var css = parse('a{one:1}b{two:1 2}');
-            css.replaceValues('1', { fast: '2' }, 'A');
-            expect(css.toString()).to.eql('a{one:1}b{two:A 2}');
-        });
-
-    });
-
-    describe('any()', () => {
-
-        it('return true if all children return true', () => {
-            var rule = parse('a { a: 1; b: 2 }').first;
-            expect(rule.every( i => i.prop.match(/a|b/) )).to.be.true;
-            expect(rule.every( i => i.prop.match(/b/)   )).to.be.false;
-        });
-
-    });
-
-    describe('some()', () => {
-
-        it('return true if all children return true', () => {
-            var rule = parse('a { a: 1; b: 2 }').first;
-            expect(rule.some( i => i.prop == 'b' )).to.be.true;
-            expect(rule.some( i => i.prop == 'c' )).to.be.false;
-        });
-
-    });
-
-    describe('index()', () => {
-
-        it('returns child index', () => {
-            var rule = parse('a { a: 1; b: 2 }').first;
-            expect(rule.index( rule.nodes[1] )).to.eql(1);
-        });
-
-        it('returns argument if it(is number', () => {
-            var rule = parse('a { a: 1; b: 2 }').first;
-            expect(rule.index(2)).to.eql(2);
-        });
-
-    });
-
-    describe('first', () => {
-
-        it('returns first child', () => {
-            var rule = parse('a { a: 1; b: 2 }').first;
-            expect(rule.first.prop).to.eql('a');
-        });
-
-    });
-
-    describe('last', () => {
-
-        it('returns last child', () => {
-            var rule = parse('a { a: 1; b: 2 }').first;
-            expect(rule.last.prop).to.eql('b');
-        });
-
-    });
-
-    describe('normalize()', () => {
-
-        it("doesn't normalize new children with exists before", () => {
-            var rule = parse('a { a: 1; b: 2 }').first;
-            rule.append({ prop: 'c', value: '3', before: '\n ' });
-            expect(rule.toString()).to.eql('a { a: 1; b: 2;\n c: 3 }');
-        });
-
-    });
-
-});
diff --git a/test/container.test.ts b/test/container.test.ts
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..1a1e46f1c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/container.test.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,927 @@
+import { test } from 'uvu'
+import { equal, is, match, throws, type } from 'uvu/assert'
+
+import { AtRule, Declaration, parse, Root, Rule } from '../lib/postcss.js'
+
+let example =
+  'a { a: 1; b: 2 }' +
+  '/* a */' +
+  '@keyframes anim {' +
+  '/* b */' +
+  'to { c: 3 }' +
+  '}' +
+  '@media all and (min-width: 100) {' +
+  'em { d: 4 }' +
+  '@page {' +
+  'e: 5;' +
+  '/* c */' +
+  '}' +
+  '}'
+
+test('throws error on declaration without value', () => {
+  throws(() => {
+    // @ts-expect-error Testing invalid API
+    new Rule().append({ prop: 'color', vlaue: 'black' })
+  }, /Value field is missed/)
+})
+
+test('throws error on unknown node type', () => {
+  throws(() => {
+    // @ts-expect-error Testing invalid API
+    new Rule().append({ foo: 'bar' })
+  }, /Unknown node type/)
+})
+
+test('push() adds child without checks', () => {
+  let rule = parse('a { a: 1; b: 2 }').first as Rule
+  rule.push(new Declaration({ prop: 'c', value: '3' }))
+  is(rule.toString(), 'a { a: 1; b: 2; c: 3 }')
+  is(rule.nodes.length, 3)
+  type(rule.last?.raws.before, 'undefined')
+})
+
+test('each() iterates', () => {
+  let rule = parse('a { a: 1; b: 2 }').first as Rule
+  let indexes: number[] = []
+
+  let result = rule.each((decl, i) => {
+    indexes.push(i)
+    is(decl, rule.nodes[i])
+  })
+
+  type(result, 'undefined')
+  equal(indexes, [0, 1])
+})
+
+test('each() iterates with prepend', () => {
+  let rule = parse('a { a: 1; b: 2 }').first as Rule
+  let size = 0
+
+  rule.each(() => {
+    rule.prepend({ prop: 'color', value: 'aqua' })
+    size += 1
+  })
+
+  is(size, 2)
+})
+
+test('each() iterates with prepend insertBefore', () => {
+  let rule = parse('a { a: 1; b: 2 }').first as Rule
+  let size = 0
+
+  rule.each(decl => {
+    if (decl.type === 'decl' && decl.prop === 'a') {
+      rule.insertBefore(decl, { prop: 'c', value: '3' })
+    }
+    size += 1
+  })
+
+  is(size, 2)
+})
+
+test('each() iterates with append insertBefore', () => {
+  let rule = parse('a { a: 1; b: 2 }').first as Rule
+  let size = 0
+
+  rule.each((decl, i) => {
+    if (decl.type === 'decl' && decl.prop === 'a') {
+      rule.insertBefore(i + 1, { prop: 'c', value: '3' })
+    }
+    size += 1
+  })
+
+  is(size, 3)
+})
+
+test('each() iterates with prepend insertAfter', () => {
+  let rule = parse('a { a: 1; b: 2 }').first as Rule
+  let size = 0
+
+  rule.each((decl, i) => {
+    rule.insertAfter(i - 1, { prop: 'c', value: '3' })
+    size += 1
+  })
+
+  is(size, 2)
+})
+
+test('each() iterates with append insertAfter', () => {
+  let rule = parse('a { a: 1; b: 2 }').first as Rule
+  let size = 0
+
+  rule.each((decl, i) => {
+    if (decl.type === 'decl' && decl.prop === 'a') {
+      rule.insertAfter(i, { prop: 'c', value: '3' })
+    }
+    size += 1
+  })
+
+  is(size, 3)
+})
+
+test('each() iterates with remove', () => {
+  let rule = parse('a { a: 1; b: 2 }').first as Rule
+  let size = 0
+
+  rule.each(() => {
+    rule.removeChild(0)
+    size += 1
+  })
+
+  is(size, 2)
+})
+
+test('each() breaks iteration', () => {
+  let rule = parse('a { a: 1; b: 2 }').first as Rule
+  let indexes: number[] = []
+
+  let result = rule.each((decl, i) => {
+    indexes.push(i)
+    return false
+  })
+
+  is(result, false)
+  equal(indexes, [0])
+})
+
+test('each() allows to change children', () => {
+  let rule = parse('a { a: 1; b: 2 }').first as Rule
+  let props: string[] = []
+
+  rule.each(decl => {
+    if (decl.type === 'decl') {
+      props.push(decl.prop)
+      rule.nodes = [rule.last as any, rule.first as any]
+    }
+  })
+
+  equal(props, ['a', 'a'])
+})
+
+test('walk() iterates', () => {
+  let types: string[] = []
+  let indexes: number[] = []
+
+  let result = parse(example).walk((node, i) => {
+    types.push(node.type)
+    indexes.push(i)
+  })
+
+  type(result, 'undefined')
+  equal(types, [
+    'rule',
+    'decl',
+    'decl',
+    'comment',
+    'atrule',
+    'comment',
+    'rule',
+    'decl',
+    'atrule',
+    'rule',
+    'decl',
+    'atrule',
+    'decl',
+    'comment'
+  ])
+  equal(indexes, [0, 0, 1, 1, 2, 0, 1, 0, 3, 0, 0, 1, 0, 1])
+})
+
+test('walk() breaks iteration', () => {
+  let indexes: number[] = []
+
+  let result = parse(example).walk((decl, i) => {
+    indexes.push(i)
+    return false
+  })
+
+  is(result, false)
+  equal(indexes, [0])
+})
+
+test('walk() adds CSS position to error stack', () => {
+  let error = new Error('T')
+  error.stack = 'Error: T\n    at b (b.js:2:4)\n    at a (a.js:2:1)'
+  let root = parse(example, { from: '/c.css' })
+  let catched: any
+  try {
+    root.walk(() => {
+      throw error
+    })
+  } catch (e) {
+    catched = e
+  }
+  is(catched, error)
+  is(catched.postcssNode.toString(), 'a { a: 1; b: 2 }')
+  is(
+    catched.stack.replace(/.:\\/i, '/'),
+    'Error: T\n    at /c.css:1:1\n    at b (b.js:2:4)\n    at a (a.js:2:1)'
+  )
+})
+
+test('walkDecls() iterates', () => {
+  let props: string[] = []
+  let indexes: number[] = []
+
+  let result = parse(example).walkDecls((decl, i) => {
+    props.push(decl.prop)
+    indexes.push(i)
+  })
+
+  type(result, 'undefined')
+  equal(props, ['a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'e'])
+  equal(indexes, [0, 1, 0, 0, 0])
+})
+
+test('walkDecls() iterates with changes', () => {
+  let size = 0
+  parse(example).walkDecls((decl, i) => {
+    decl.parent?.removeChild(i)
+    size += 1
+  })
+  is(size, 5)
+})
+
+test('walkDecls() breaks iteration', () => {
+  let indexes: number[] = []
+
+  let result = parse(example).walkDecls((decl, i) => {
+    indexes.push(i)
+    return false
+  })
+
+  is(result, false)
+  equal(indexes, [0])
+})
+
+test('walkDecls() filters declarations by property name', () => {
+  let css = parse('@page{a{one:1}}b{one:1;two:2}')
+  let size = 0
+
+  css.walkDecls('one', decl => {
+    is(decl.prop, 'one')
+    size += 1
+  })
+
+  is(size, 2)
+})
+
+test('walkDecls() breaks declarations filter by name', () => {
+  let css = parse('@page{a{one:1}}b{one:1;two:2}')
+  let size = 0
+
+  css.walkDecls('one', () => {
+    size += 1
+    return false
+  })
+
+  is(size, 1)
+})
+
+test('walkDecls() filters declarations by property regexp', () => {
+  let css = parse('@page{a{one:1}}b{one-x:1;two:2}')
+  let size = 0
+
+  css.walkDecls(/one(-x)?/, () => {
+    size += 1
+  })
+
+  is(size, 2)
+})
+
+test('walkDecls() breaks declarations filters by regexp', () => {
+  let css = parse('@page{a{one:1}}b{one-x:1;two:2}')
+  let size = 0
+
+  css.walkDecls(/one(-x)?/, () => {
+    size += 1
+    return false
+  })
+
+  is(size, 1)
+})
+
+test('walkComments() iterates', () => {
+  let texts: string[] = []
+  let indexes: number[] = []
+
+  let result = parse(example).walkComments((comment, i) => {
+    texts.push(comment.text)
+    indexes.push(i)
+  })
+
+  type(result, 'undefined')
+  equal(texts, ['a', 'b', 'c'])
+  equal(indexes, [1, 0, 1])
+})
+
+test('walkComments() iterates with changes', () => {
+  let size = 0
+  parse(example).walkComments((comment, i) => {
+    comment.parent?.removeChild(i)
+    size += 1
+  })
+  is(size, 3)
+})
+
+test('walkComments() breaks iteration', () => {
+  let indexes: number[] = []
+
+  let result = parse(example).walkComments((comment, i) => {
+    indexes.push(i)
+    return false
+  })
+
+  is(result, false)
+  equal(indexes, [1])
+})
+
+test('walkRules() iterates', () => {
+  let selectors: string[] = []
+  let indexes: number[] = []
+
+  let result = parse(example).walkRules((rule, i) => {
+    selectors.push(rule.selector)
+    indexes.push(i)
+  })
+
+  type(result, 'undefined')
+  equal(selectors, ['a', 'to', 'em'])
+  equal(indexes, [0, 1, 0])
+})
+
+test('walkRules() iterates with changes', () => {
+  let size = 0
+  parse(example).walkRules((rule, i) => {
+    rule.parent?.removeChild(i)
+    size += 1
+  })
+  is(size, 3)
+})
+
+test('walkRules() breaks iteration', () => {
+  let indexes: number[] = []
+
+  let result = parse(example).walkRules((rule, i) => {
+    indexes.push(i)
+    return false
+  })
+
+  is(result, false)
+  equal(indexes, [0])
+})
+
+test('walkRules() filters by selector', () => {
+  let size = 0
+  parse('a{}b{}a{}').walkRules('a', rule => {
+    is(rule.selector, 'a')
+    size += 1
+  })
+  is(size, 2)
+})
+
+test('walkRules() breaks selector filters', () => {
+  let size = 0
+  parse('a{}b{}a{}').walkRules('a', () => {
+    size += 1
+    return false
+  })
+  is(size, 1)
+})
+
+test('walkRules() filters by regexp', () => {
+  let size = 0
+  parse('a{}a b{}b a{}').walkRules(/^a/, rule => {
+    match(rule.selector, /^a/)
+    size += 1
+  })
+  is(size, 2)
+})
+
+test('walkRules() breaks selector regexp', () => {
+  let size = 0
+  parse('a{}b a{}b a{}').walkRules(/^a/, () => {
+    size += 1
+    return false
+  })
+  is(size, 1)
+})
+
+test('walkAtRules() iterates', () => {
+  let names: string[] = []
+  let indexes: number[] = []
+
+  let result = parse(example).walkAtRules((atrule, i) => {
+    names.push(atrule.name)
+    indexes.push(i)
+  })
+
+  type(result, 'undefined')
+  equal(names, ['keyframes', 'media', 'page'])
+  equal(indexes, [2, 3, 1])
+})
+
+test('walkAtRules() iterates with changes', () => {
+  let size = 0
+  parse(example).walkAtRules((atrule, i) => {
+    atrule.parent?.removeChild(i)
+    size += 1
+  })
+  is(size, 3)
+})
+
+test('walkAtRules() breaks iteration', () => {
+  let indexes: number[] = []
+
+  let result = parse(example).walkAtRules((atrule, i) => {
+    indexes.push(i)
+    return false
+  })
+
+  is(result, false)
+  equal(indexes, [2])
+})
+
+test('walkAtRules() filters at-rules by name', () => {
+  let css = parse('@page{@page 2{}}@media print{@page{}}')
+  let size = 0
+
+  css.walkAtRules('page', atrule => {
+    is(atrule.name, 'page')
+    size += 1
+  })
+
+  is(size, 3)
+})
+
+test('walkAtRules() breaks name filter', () => {
+  let size = 0
+  parse('@page{@page{@page{}}}').walkAtRules('page', () => {
+    size += 1
+    return false
+  })
+  is(size, 1)
+})
+
+test('walkAtRules() filters at-rules by name regexp', () => {
+  let css = parse('@page{@page 2{}}@media print{@pages{}}')
+  let size = 0
+
+  css.walkAtRules(/page/, () => {
+    size += 1
+  })
+
+  is(size, 3)
+})
+
+test('walkAtRules() breaks regexp filter', () => {
+  let size = 0
+  parse('@page{@pages{@page{}}}').walkAtRules(/page/, () => {
+    size += 1
+    return false
+  })
+  is(size, 1)
+})
+
+test('append() appends child', () => {
+  let rule = parse('a { a: 1; b: 2 }').first as Rule
+  rule.append({ prop: 'c', value: '3' })
+  is(rule.toString(), 'a { a: 1; b: 2; c: 3 }')
+  is(rule.last?.raws.before, ' ')
+})
+
+test('append() appends multiple children', () => {
+  let rule = parse('a { a: 1; b: 2 }').first as Rule
+  rule.append({ prop: 'c', value: '3' }, { prop: 'd', value: '4' })
+  is(rule.toString(), 'a { a: 1; b: 2; c: 3; d: 4 }')
+  is(rule.last?.raws.before, ' ')
+})
+
+test('append() has declaration shortcut', () => {
+  let rule = parse('a { a: 1; b: 2 }').first as Rule
+  rule.append({ prop: 'c', value: '3' })
+  is(rule.toString(), 'a { a: 1; b: 2; c: 3 }')
+})
+
+test('append() has rule shortcut', () => {
+  let root = new Root()
+  root.append({ selector: 'a' })
+  is(root.first?.toString(), 'a {}')
+})
+
+test('append() has at-rule shortcut', () => {
+  let root = new Root()
+  root.append({ name: 'encoding', params: '"utf-8"' })
+  is(root.first?.toString(), '@encoding "utf-8"')
+})
+
+test('append() has comment shortcut', () => {
+  let root = new Root()
+  root.append({ text: 'ok' })
+  is(root.first?.toString(), '/* ok */')
+})
+
+test('append() receives root', () => {
+  let css = parse('a {}')
+  css.append(parse('b {}'))
+  is(css.toString(), 'a {}b {}')
+})
+
+test('append() reveives string', () => {
+  let root = new Root()
+  root.append('a{}b{}')
+  let a = root.first as Rule
+  a.append('color:black')
+  is(root.toString(), 'a{color:black}b{}')
+  type(a.first?.source, 'undefined')
+})
+
+test('append() receives array', () => {
+  let a = parse('a{ z-index: 1 }')
+  let b = parse('b{ width: 1px; height: 2px }')
+  let aRule = a.first as Rule
+  let bRule = b.first as Rule
+
+  aRule.append(bRule.nodes)
+  is(a.toString(), 'a{ z-index: 1; width: 1px; height: 2px }')
+  is(b.toString(), 'b{ }')
+})
+
+test('append() move node on insert', () => {
+  let a = parse('a{}')
+  let b = parse('b{}')
+
+  b.append(a.first)
+  let bLast = b.last as Rule
+  bLast.selector = 'b a'
+
+  is(a.toString(), '')
+  is(b.toString(), 'b{}b a{}')
+})
+
+test('prepend() prepends child', () => {
+  let rule = parse('a { a: 1; b: 2 }').first as Rule
+  rule.prepend({ prop: 'c', value: '3' })
+  is(rule.toString(), 'a { c: 3; a: 1; b: 2 }')
+  is(rule.first?.raws.before, ' ')
+})
+
+test('prepend() prepends multiple children', () => {
+  let rule = parse('a { a: 1; b: 2 }').first as Rule
+  rule.prepend({ prop: 'c', value: '3' }, { prop: 'd', value: '4' })
+  is(rule.toString(), 'a { c: 3; d: 4; a: 1; b: 2 }')
+  is(rule.first?.raws.before, ' ')
+})
+
+test('prepend() receive hash instead of declaration', () => {
+  let rule = parse('a { a: 1; b: 2 }').first as Rule
+  rule.prepend({ prop: 'c', value: '3' })
+  is(rule.toString(), 'a { c: 3; a: 1; b: 2 }')
+})
+
+test('prepend() receives root', () => {
+  let css = parse('a {}')
+  css.prepend(parse('b {}'))
+  is(css.toString(), 'b {}\na {}')
+})
+
+test('prepend() receives string', () => {
+  let css = parse('a {}')
+  css.prepend('b {}')
+  is(css.toString(), 'b {}\na {}')
+})
+
+test('prepend() receives array', () => {
+  let a = parse('a{ z-index: 1 }')
+  let b = parse('b{ width: 1px; height: 2px }')
+  let aRule = a.first as Rule
+  let bRule = b.first as Rule
+
+  aRule.prepend(bRule.nodes)
+  is(a.toString(), 'a{ width: 1px; height: 2px; z-index: 1 }')
+})
+
+test('prepend() works on empty container', () => {
+  let root = parse('')
+  root.prepend(new Rule({ selector: 'a' }))
+  is(root.toString(), 'a {}')
+})
+
+test('insertBefore() inserts child', () => {
+  let rule = parse('a { a: 1; b: 2 }').first as Rule
+  rule.insertBefore(1, { prop: 'c', value: '3' })
+  is(rule.toString(), 'a { a: 1; c: 3; b: 2 }')
+  is(rule.nodes[1].raws.before, ' ')
+})
+
+test('insertBefore() works with nodes too', () => {
+  let rule = parse('a { a: 1; b: 2 }').first as Rule
+  rule.insertBefore(rule.nodes[1], { prop: 'c', value: '3' })
+  is(rule.toString(), 'a { a: 1; c: 3; b: 2 }')
+})
+
+test('insertBefore() receive hash instead of declaration', () => {
+  let rule = parse('a { a: 1; b: 2 }').first as Rule
+  rule.insertBefore(1, { prop: 'c', value: '3' })
+  is(rule.toString(), 'a { a: 1; c: 3; b: 2 }')
+})
+
+test('insertBefore() receives array', () => {
+  let a = parse('a{ color: red; z-index: 1 }')
+  let b = parse('b{ width: 1; height: 2 }')
+  let aRule = a.first as Rule
+  let bRule = b.first as Rule
+
+  aRule.insertBefore(1, bRule.nodes)
+  is(a.toString(), 'a{ color: red; width: 1; height: 2; z-index: 1 }')
+})
+
+test('insertBefore() receives pre-existing child node - a', () => {
+  let a = parse('a{ align-items: start; color: red; z-index: 1 }')
+  let declA = (a.first as Rule).nodes[0]
+  let declC = (a.first as Rule).nodes[2]
+  declC.before(declA)
+
+  is(a.toString(), 'a{ color: red; align-items: start; z-index: 1 }')
+})
+
+test('insertBefore() receives pre-existing child node - b', () => {
+  let a = parse('a{ align-items: start; color: red; z-index: 1 }')
+  let declA = (a.first as Rule).nodes[0]
+  let declC = (a.first as Rule).nodes[2]
+  declA.before(declC)
+
+  is(a.toString(), 'a{ z-index: 1; align-items: start; color: red }')
+})
+
+test('insertBefore() has defined way of adding newlines', () => {
+  let root = parse('a {}')
+  root.insertBefore(root.first as Rule, 'b {}')
+  root.insertBefore(root.first as Rule, 'c {}')
+  is(root.toString(), 'c {}\nb {}\na {}')
+
+  root = parse('other {}a {}')
+  root.insertBefore(root.first as Rule, 'b {}')
+  root.insertBefore(root.first as Rule, 'c {}')
+  is(root.toString(), 'c {}b {}other {}a {}')
+
+  root = parse('other {}\na {}')
+  root.insertBefore(root.nodes[1], 'b {}')
+  root.insertBefore(root.nodes[1], 'c {}')
+  is(root.toString(), 'other {}\nc {}\nb {}\na {}')
+
+  root = parse('other {}a {}')
+  root.insertBefore(root.nodes[1], 'b {}')
+  root.insertBefore(root.nodes[1], 'c {}')
+  is(root.toString(), 'other {}c {}b {}a {}')
+})
+
+test('insertAfter() inserts child', () => {
+  let rule = parse('a { a: 1; b: 2 }').first as Rule
+  rule.insertAfter(0, { prop: 'c', value: '3' })
+  is(rule.toString(), 'a { a: 1; c: 3; b: 2 }')
+  is(rule.nodes[1].raws.before, ' ')
+})
+
+test('insertAfter() works with nodes too', () => {
+  let rule = parse('a { a: 1; b: 2 }').first as Rule
+  let aDecl = rule.first as Declaration
+  rule.insertAfter(aDecl, { prop: 'c', value: '3' })
+  is(rule.toString(), 'a { a: 1; c: 3; b: 2 }')
+})
+
+test('insertAfter() receive hash instead of declaration', () => {
+  let rule = parse('a { a: 1; b: 2 }').first as Rule
+  rule.insertAfter(0, { prop: 'c', value: '3' })
+  is(rule.toString(), 'a { a: 1; c: 3; b: 2 }')
+})
+
+test('insertAfter() receives array', () => {
+  let a = parse('a{ color: red; z-index: 1 }')
+  let b = parse('b{ width: 1; height: 2 }')
+  let aRule = a.first as Rule
+  let bRule = b.first as Rule
+
+  aRule.insertAfter(0, bRule.nodes)
+  is(a.toString(), 'a{ color: red; width: 1; height: 2; z-index: 1 }')
+})
+
+test('insertAfter() receives pre-existing child node - a', () => {
+  let a = parse('a{ align-items: start; color: red; z-index: 1 }')
+  let declA = (a.first as Rule).nodes[0]
+  let declC = (a.first as Rule).nodes[2]
+  declC.after(declA)
+
+  is(a.toString(), 'a{ color: red; z-index: 1; align-items: start }')
+})
+
+test('insertAfter() receives pre-existing child node - b', () => {
+  let a = parse('a{ align-items: start; color: red; z-index: 1 }')
+  let declA = (a.first as Rule).nodes[0]
+  let declC = (a.first as Rule).nodes[2]
+  declA.after(declC)
+
+  is(a.toString(), 'a{ align-items: start; z-index: 1; color: red }')
+})
+
+test('removeChild() removes by index', () => {
+  let rule = parse('a { a: 1; b: 2 }').first as Rule
+  rule.removeChild(1)
+  is(rule.toString(), 'a { a: 1 }')
+})
+
+test('removeChild() removes by node', () => {
+  let rule = parse('a { a: 1; b: 2 }').first as Rule
+  let bDecl = rule.last as Declaration
+  rule.removeChild(bDecl)
+  is(rule.toString(), 'a { a: 1 }')
+})
+
+test('removeChild() cleans parent in removed node', () => {
+  let rule = parse('a { a: 1; b: 2 }').first as Rule
+  let aDecl = rule.first as Declaration
+  rule.removeChild(aDecl)
+  type(aDecl.parent, 'undefined')
+})
+
+test('removeAll() removes all children', () => {
+  let rule = parse('a { a: 1; b: 2 }').first as Rule
+  let decl = rule.first as Declaration
+  rule.removeAll()
+
+  type(decl.parent, 'undefined')
+  is(rule.toString(), 'a { }')
+})
+
+test('replaceValues() replaces strings', () => {
+  let css = parse('a{one:1}b{two:1 2}')
+  let result = css.replaceValues('1', 'A')
+
+  equal(result, css)
+  is(css.toString(), 'a{one:A}b{two:A 2}')
+})
+
+test('replaceValues() replaces regpexp', () => {
+  let css = parse('a{one:1}b{two:1 2}')
+  css.replaceValues(/\d/g, i => i + 'A')
+  is(css.toString(), 'a{one:1A}b{two:1A 2A}')
+})
+
+test('replaceValues() filters properties', () => {
+  let css = parse('a{one:1}b{two:1 2}')
+  css.replaceValues('1', { props: ['one'] }, 'A')
+  is(css.toString(), 'a{one:A}b{two:1 2}')
+})
+
+test('replaceValues() uses fast check', () => {
+  let css = parse('a{one:1}b{two:1 2}')
+  css.replaceValues('1', { fast: '2' }, 'A')
+  is(css.toString(), 'a{one:1}b{two:A 2}')
+})
+
+test('any() return true if all children return true', () => {
+  let rule = parse('a { a: 1; b: 2 }').first as Rule
+  is(
+    rule.every(i => i.type === 'decl' && /a|b/.test(i.prop)),
+    true
+  )
+  is(
+    rule.every(i => i.type === 'decl' && /b/.test(i.prop)),
+    false
+  )
+})
+
+test('some() return true if all children return true', () => {
+  let rule = parse('a { a: 1; b: 2 }').first as Rule
+  is(
+    rule.some(i => i.type === 'decl' && i.prop === 'b'),
+    true
+  )
+  is(
+    rule.some(i => i.type === 'decl' && i.prop === 'c'),
+    false
+  )
+})
+
+test('index() returns child index', () => {
+  let rule = parse('a { a: 1; b: 2 }').first as Rule
+  is(rule.index(rule.nodes[1]), 1)
+})
+
+test('index() returns argument if it is number', () => {
+  let rule = parse('a { a: 1; b: 2 }').first as Rule
+  is(rule.index(2), 2)
+})
+
+test('first() works for children-less nodes', () => {
+  let atRule = parse('@charset "UTF-*"').first as AtRule
+  type(atRule.first, 'undefined')
+})
+
+test('last() works for children-less nodes', () => {
+  let atRule = parse('@charset "UTF-*"').first as AtRule
+  type(atRule.last, 'undefined')
+})
+
+test('returns first child', () => {
+  let rule = parse('a { a: 1; b: 2 }').first as Rule
+  let aDecl = rule.first as Declaration
+  is(aDecl.prop, 'a')
+})
+
+test('returns last child', () => {
+  let rule = parse('a { a: 1; b: 2 }').first as Rule
+  let bDecl = rule.last as Declaration
+  is(bDecl.prop, 'b')
+})
+
+test('normalize() does not normalize new children with exists before', () => {
+  let rule = parse('a { a: 1; b: 2 }').first as Rule
+  rule.append({ prop: 'c', raws: { before: '\n ' }, value: '3' })
+  is(rule.toString(), 'a { a: 1; b: 2;\n c: 3 }')
+})
+
+test('forces Declaration#value to be string', () => {
+  let rule = parse('a { a: 1; b: 2 }').first as Rule
+  // @ts-expect-error Testing invalid API
+  rule.append({ prop: 'c', value: 3 })
+  let aDecl = rule.first as Declaration
+  let cDecl = rule.last as Declaration
+  type(aDecl.value, 'string')
+  type(cDecl.value, 'string')
+})
+
+test('updates parent in overrides.nodes in constructor', () => {
+  let root = new Root({ nodes: [{ selector: 'a' }] })
+  let a = root.first as Rule
+  equal(a.parent, root)
+
+  root.append({
+    nodes: [{ prop: 'color', value: 'black' }],
+    selector: 'b'
+  })
+  let b = root.last as Rule
+  let color = b.first as Declaration
+  equal(color.parent, root.last)
+})
+
+test('allows to clone nodes', () => {
+  let root1 = parse('a { color: black; z-index: 1 } b {}')
+  let root2 = new Root({ nodes: root1.nodes })
+  is(root1.toString(), 'a { color: black; z-index: 1 } b {}')
+  is(root2.toString(), 'a { color: black; z-index: 1 } b {}')
+})
+
+test('adopts root-less nodes in constructor instead of cloning them', () => {
+  let decl = new Declaration({ prop: 'foo', value: 'bar' })
+  let atRule = new AtRule({ name: 'foo', nodes: [decl] })
+
+  // The passed-in instance itself is adopted (its parent is updated), so the
+  // caller's reference stays usable rather than being silently cloned (#1987).
+  equal(decl.parent, atRule)
+  is(atRule.first, decl)
+
+  decl.before(new Declaration({ prop: 'baz', value: 'qux' }))
+  equal(atRule.nodes!.length, 2)
+  is(atRule.last, decl)
+})
+
+test('container.nodes can be sorted', () => {
+  let root = parse('@b; @c; @a;')
+  let b = root.nodes[0]
+
+  root.nodes.sort((x, y) => {
+    return (x as AtRule).name.localeCompare((y as AtRule).name)
+  })
+
+  // Sorted nodes are reflected in "toString".
+  is(root.toString(), ' @a;@b; @c;')
+
+  // Sorted nodes are reflected in "walk".
+  let result: string[] = []
+  root.walkAtRules(atRule => {
+    result.push(atRule.name.trim())
+  })
+
+  is(result.join(' '), 'a b c')
+
+  // Sorted nodes have the corect "index".
+  is(root.index(b), 1)
+
+  // Inserting after a sorted node results in the correct order.
+  b.after('@d;')
+  is(root.toString(), ' @a;@b;@d; @c;')
+})
+
+test('ignores undefined on adding', () => {
+  let rule = parse('a { a: 1; b: 2 }').first as Rule
+  rule.append({ prop: 'c', value: '3' }, undefined)
+  rule.prepend(undefined)
+  rule.insertAfter(0, undefined)
+  rule.insertBefore(0, undefined)
+  rule.after(undefined)
+  rule.before(undefined)
+  is(rule.parent!.toString(), 'a { a: 1; b: 2; c: 3 }')
+})
+
+test.run()
diff --git a/test/css-syntax-error.js b/test/css-syntax-error.js
deleted file mode 100644
index 377aec1ea..000000000
--- a/test/css-syntax-error.js
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,105 +0,0 @@
-import CssSyntaxError from '../lib/css-syntax-error';
-import parse          from '../lib/parse';
-
-import   Concat   from 'concat-with-sourcemaps';
-import { expect } from 'chai';
-import   path     from 'path';
-
-var parseError = function (css, opts) {
-    var error;
-    try {
-        parse(css, opts);
-    } catch (e) {
-        if ( e instanceof CssSyntaxError ) {
-            error = e;
-        } else {
-            throw e;
-        }
-    }
-    return error;
-};
-
-describe('CssSyntaxError', () => {
-
-    it('saves source', () => {
-        var error = parseError('a {\n  content: "\n}');
-
-        expect(error).to.be.a.instanceOf(CssSyntaxError);
-        expect(error.name).to.eql('CssSyntaxError');
-        expect(error.message).to.be.eql('<css input>:2:12: Unclosed quote');
-        expect(error.reason).to.eql('Unclosed quote');
-        expect(error.line).to.eql(2);
-        expect(error.column).to.eql(12);
-        expect(error.source).to.eql('a {\n  content: "\n}');
-    });
-
-    it('has stack trace', () => {
-        expect(parseError('a {\n  content: "\n}').stack)
-            .to.match(/test\/css-syntax-error\.js/);
-    });
-
-    it('highlights broken line', () => {
-        expect(parseError('a {\n  content: "\n}').highlight()).to.eql(
-            'a {\n' +
-            '  content: "\n' +
-            '           \u001b[1;31m^\u001b[0m\n' +
-            '}');
-    });
-
-    it('highlights without colors on request', () => {
-        expect(parseError('a {').highlight(false)).to.eql('a {\n' +
-                                                          '^');
-    });
-
-    it('prints with colored CSS', () => {
-        expect(parseError('a {').toString()).to.eql(
-            "CssSyntaxError: <css input>:1:1: Unclosed block\n" +
-            'a {\n' +
-            '\u001b[1;31m^\u001b[0m');
-    });
-
-    it('misses highlights without source', () => {
-        var error = parseError('a {');
-        error.source = null;
-        expect(error.toString()).to.eql(
-            'CssSyntaxError: <css input>:1:1: Unclosed block');
-    });
-
-    it('uses source map', () => {
-        var concat = new Concat(true, 'all.css');
-        concat.add('a.css', 'a { }\n');
-        concat.add('b.css', 'b {\n');
-
-        var error = parseError(concat.content, {
-            from: 'build/all.css',
-            map: { prev: concat.sourceMap }
-        });
-
-        expect(error.file).to.eql(path.resolve('b.css'));
-        expect(error.line).to.eql(1);
-        expect(error.source).to.not.exist;
-
-        expect(error.generated).to.eql({
-            file:    path.resolve('build/all.css'),
-            line:    2,
-            column:  1,
-            source: 'a { }\nb {\n'
-        });
-    });
-
-    it('does not uses wrong source map', () => {
-        var error = parseError('a { }\nb {', {
-            from: 'build/all.css',
-            map: {
-                prev: {
-                    version: 3,
-                    file: 'build/all.css',
-                    sources: ['a.css', 'b.css'],
-                    mappings: 'A'
-                }
-            }
-        });
-        expect(error.file).to.eql(path.resolve('build/all.css'));
-    });
-
-});
diff --git a/test/css-syntax-error.test.ts b/test/css-syntax-error.test.ts
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..b997ded93
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/css-syntax-error.test.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,419 @@
+import Concat from 'concat-with-sourcemaps'
+import { join, resolve as pathResolve } from 'node:path'
+import { pathToFileURL } from 'node:url'
+import * as pico from 'picocolors'
+import stripAnsi = require('strip-ansi')
+import { test } from 'uvu'
+import { equal, is, match, type } from 'uvu/assert'
+
+import postcss, {
+  CssSyntaxError,
+  Plugin,
+  ProcessOptions,
+  Rule
+} from '../lib/postcss.js'
+
+function isSyntaxError(e: unknown): e is CssSyntaxError {
+  return e instanceof Error && e.name === 'CssSyntaxError'
+}
+
+async function catchError(cb: () => Promise<any>): Promise<CssSyntaxError> {
+  try {
+    await cb()
+  } catch (e) {
+    if (isSyntaxError(e)) {
+      return e
+    } else {
+      throw e
+    }
+  }
+  throw new Error('Error was not thrown')
+}
+
+function parseError(
+  css: string,
+  opts?: Pick<ProcessOptions, 'from' | 'map'>
+): CssSyntaxError {
+  try {
+    postcss.parse(css, opts)
+  } catch (e) {
+    if (isSyntaxError(e)) {
+      return e
+    } else {
+      throw e
+    }
+  }
+  throw new Error('Error was not thrown')
+}
+
+test('saves source', () => {
+  let error = parseError('a {\n  content: "\n}')
+
+  is(error instanceof CssSyntaxError, true)
+  is(error.name, 'CssSyntaxError')
+  is(error.message, '<css input>:2:12: Unclosed string')
+  is(error.reason, 'Unclosed string')
+  is(error.line, 2)
+  is(error.column, 12)
+  is(error.endLine, undefined)
+  is(error.endColumn, undefined)
+  is(error.source, 'a {\n  content: "\n}')
+
+  equal(error.input, {
+    column: error.column,
+    endColumn: error.endColumn,
+    endLine: error.endLine,
+    endOffset: undefined,
+    line: error.line,
+    offset: 15,
+    source: error.source
+  })
+})
+
+test('saves source with ranges', () => {
+  let error = parseError('badword')
+
+  is(error instanceof CssSyntaxError, true)
+  is(error.name, 'CssSyntaxError')
+  is(error.message, '<css input>:1:1: Unknown word badword')
+  is(error.reason, 'Unknown word badword')
+  is(error.line, 1)
+  is(error.column, 1)
+  is(error.endLine, 1)
+  is(error.endColumn, 8)
+  is(error.source, 'badword')
+
+  equal(error.input, {
+    column: error.column,
+    endColumn: error.endColumn,
+    endLine: error.endLine,
+    endOffset: 7,
+    line: error.line,
+    offset: 0,
+    source: error.source
+  })
+})
+
+test('has stack trace', () => {
+  match(parseError('a {\n  content: "\n}').stack, /css-syntax-error\.test\.ts/)
+})
+
+test('saves source with ranges', () => {
+  let error = parseError('badword')
+
+  is(error instanceof CssSyntaxError, true)
+  is(error.name, 'CssSyntaxError')
+  is(error.message, '<css input>:1:1: Unknown word badword')
+  is(error.reason, 'Unknown word badword')
+  is(error.line, 1)
+  is(error.column, 1)
+  is(error.endLine, 1)
+  is(error.endColumn, 8)
+  is(error.source, 'badword')
+
+  equal(error.input, {
+    column: error.column,
+    endColumn: error.endColumn,
+    endLine: error.endLine,
+    endOffset: 7,
+    line: error.line,
+    offset: 0,
+    source: error.source
+  })
+})
+
+test('saves source with ranges', () => {
+  let error = parseError('badword')
+
+  is(error instanceof CssSyntaxError, true)
+  is(error.name, 'CssSyntaxError')
+  is(error.message, '<css input>:1:1: Unknown word badword')
+  is(error.reason, 'Unknown word badword')
+  is(error.line, 1)
+  is(error.column, 1)
+  is(error.endLine, 1)
+  is(error.endColumn, 8)
+  is(error.source, 'badword')
+
+  equal(error.input, {
+    column: error.column,
+    endColumn: error.endColumn,
+    endLine: error.endLine,
+    endOffset: 7,
+    line: error.line,
+    offset: 0,
+    source: error.source
+  })
+})
+
+test('highlights broken line with colors', () => {
+  is(
+    parseError('#a .b c() {').showSourceCode(true),
+    pico.bold(pico.red('>')) +
+      pico.gray(' 1 | ') +
+      pico.magenta('#a') +
+      ' ' +
+      pico.yellow('.b') +
+      ' ' +
+      pico.cyan('c') +
+      pico.cyan('()') +
+      ' ' +
+      pico.yellow('{') +
+      '\n ' +
+      pico.gray('   | ') +
+      pico.bold(pico.red('^'))
+  )
+})
+
+test('highlights broken line', () => {
+  is(
+    parseError('a {\n  content: "\n}').showSourceCode(false),
+    '  1 | a {\n' + '> 2 |   content: "\n' + '    |            ^\n' + '  3 | }'
+  )
+})
+
+test('highlights broken line, when indented with tabs', () => {
+  is(
+    parseError('a {\n\t \t  content:\t"\n}').showSourceCode(false),
+    '  1 | a {\n' +
+      '> 2 | \t \t  content:\t"\n' +
+      '    | \t \t          \t^\n' +
+      '  3 | }'
+  )
+})
+
+test('highlights small code example', () => {
+  is(parseError('a {').showSourceCode(false), '> 1 | a {\n' + '    | ^')
+})
+
+test('add leading space for line numbers', () => {
+  let css = '\n\n\n\n\n\n\na {\n  content: "\n}\n\n\n'
+  is(
+    parseError(css).showSourceCode(false),
+    '   7 | \n' +
+      '   8 | a {\n' +
+      '>  9 |   content: "\n' +
+      '     |            ^\n' +
+      '  10 | }\n' +
+      '  11 | '
+  )
+})
+
+test('cut minified css', () => {
+  let css =
+    '.a{position:absolute!important;clip:rect(1px,1px,1px,1px);}' +
+    '.b{border:0;background;text-decoration:none;font-size:100%;}' +
+    '.c{position:absolute!important;clip:rect(1px,1px,1px,1px);}' +
+    '.d{position:absolute!important;clip:rect(1px,1px,1px,1px);}'
+  is(
+    parseError(css).showSourceCode(false),
+    '> 1 | ,1px);}.b{border:0;background;text-decoration:none\n' +
+      '    |                    ^'
+  )
+})
+
+test('correct mark position on cut minified css', () => {
+  let css =
+    '.a{background;position:absolute!important;clip:rect(1px,1px,1px,1px);}' +
+    '.b{border:0;text-decoration:none;font-size:100%;}' +
+    '.c{position:absolute!important;clip:rect(1px,1px,1px,1px);}' +
+    '.d{position:absolute!important;clip:rect(1px,1px,1px,1px);}'
+  is(
+    parseError(css).showSourceCode(false),
+    '> 1 | .a{background;position:absolute!im\n' + '    |    ^'
+  )
+})
+
+test('highlight cut minified css with colors', () => {
+  let css =
+    '.a{position:absolute!important;clip:rect(1px,1px,1px,1px);}' +
+    '.b{border:0;background;text-decoration:none;font-size:100%;}' +
+    '.c{position:absolute!important;clip:rect(1px,1px,1px,1px);}' +
+    '.d{position:absolute!important;clip:rect(1px,1px,1px,1px);}'
+  is(
+    parseError(css).showSourceCode(true),
+    pico.bold(pico.red('>')) +
+      pico.gray(' 1 | ') +
+      ',1px' +
+      pico.cyan(')') +
+      pico.yellow(';') +
+      pico.yellow('}') +
+      pico.yellow('.b') +
+      pico.yellow('{') +
+      'border' +
+      pico.yellow(':') +
+      '0' +
+      pico.yellow(';') +
+      'background' +
+      pico.yellow(';') +
+      'text-decoration' +
+      pico.yellow(':') +
+      'none' +
+      '\n ' +
+      pico.gray('   | ') +
+      '                   ' +
+      pico.bold(pico.red('^'))
+  )
+})
+
+test('prints with highlight', () => {
+  is(
+    stripAnsi(parseError('a {').toString()),
+    'CssSyntaxError: <css input>:1:1: Unclosed block\n' +
+      '\n' +
+      '> 1 | a {\n' +
+      '    | ^\n'
+  )
+})
+
+test('misses highlights without source content', () => {
+  let error = parseError('a {')
+  error.source = undefined
+  is(error.toString(), 'CssSyntaxError: <css input>:1:1: Unclosed block')
+})
+
+test('misses position without source', () => {
+  let decl = postcss.decl({ prop: 'color', value: 'black' })
+  let error = decl.error('Test')
+  is(error.toString(), 'CssSyntaxError: <css input>: Test')
+})
+
+test('uses source map', () => {
+  function urlOf(file: string): string {
+    return pathToFileURL(join(__dirname, file)).toString()
+  }
+
+  let concat = new Concat(true, join(__dirname, 'build', 'all.css'))
+  concat.add(urlOf('a.css'), 'a { }\n')
+  concat.add(urlOf('b.css'), '\nb {\n')
+
+  let error = parseError(concat.content.toString(), {
+    from: join(__dirname, 'build', 'all.css'),
+    map: { prev: concat.sourceMap }
+  })
+
+  is(error.file, join(__dirname, 'b.css'))
+  is(error.line, 2)
+  is(error.column, 1)
+  is(error.endLine, undefined)
+  is(error.endColumn, undefined)
+  type(error.source, 'undefined')
+
+  equal(error.input, {
+    column: 1,
+    endColumn: error.endColumn,
+    endLine: error.endLine,
+    endOffset: undefined,
+    file: join(__dirname, 'build', 'all.css'),
+    line: 3,
+    offset: 7,
+    source: 'a { }\n\nb {\n',
+    url: urlOf(join('build', 'all.css'))
+  })
+})
+
+test('works with path in sources', () => {
+  function pathOf(file: string): string {
+    return join(__dirname, file)
+  }
+
+  let concat = new Concat(true, join(__dirname, 'build', 'all.css'))
+  concat.add(pathOf('a.css'), 'a { }\n')
+  concat.add(pathOf('b.css'), '\nb {\n')
+
+  let error = parseError(concat.content.toString(), {
+    from: join(__dirname, 'build', 'all.css'),
+    map: { prev: concat.sourceMap }
+  })
+
+  is(error.file, join(__dirname, 'b.css'))
+  is(error.line, 2)
+  is(error.column, 1)
+  is(error.endLine, undefined)
+  is(error.endColumn, undefined)
+  type(error.source, 'undefined')
+
+  equal(error.input, {
+    column: 1,
+    endColumn: error.endColumn,
+    endLine: error.endLine,
+    endOffset: undefined,
+    file: join(__dirname, 'build', 'all.css'),
+    line: 3,
+    offset: 7,
+    source: 'a { }\n\nb {\n',
+    url: pathToFileURL(pathOf(join('build', 'all.css'))).toString()
+  })
+})
+
+test('shows origin source', () => {
+  let input = postcss([() => {}]).process('a{}', {
+    from: '/a.css',
+    map: { inline: false },
+    to: '/b.css'
+  })
+  let error = parseError('a{', {
+    from: '/b.css',
+    map: { prev: input.map }
+  })
+  is(error.source, 'a{}')
+})
+
+test('does not uses wrong source map', () => {
+  let error = parseError('a { }\nb {', {
+    from: 'build/all.css',
+    map: {
+      prev: {
+        file: 'build/all.css',
+        mappings: 'A',
+        sources: ['a.css', 'b.css'],
+        version: 3
+      }
+    }
+  })
+  is(error.file, pathResolve('build/all.css'))
+})
+
+test('set source plugin', () => {
+  let a = postcss.parse('a{}').first as Rule
+  let error = a.error('Error', { plugin: 'PL' })
+  is(error.plugin, 'PL')
+  match(error.toString(), /^CssSyntaxError: PL: <css input>:1:1: Error/)
+})
+
+test('set source plugin automatically', async () => {
+  let plugin: Plugin = {
+    Once(css) {
+      if (css.first) {
+        throw css.first.error('Error')
+      }
+    },
+    postcssPlugin: 'test-plugin'
+  }
+
+  let error = await catchError(() =>
+    postcss([plugin]).process('a{}', { from: undefined })
+  )
+  is(error.plugin, 'test-plugin')
+  match(error.toString(), /test-plugin/)
+})
+
+test('set plugin automatically in async', async () => {
+  let plugin: Plugin = {
+    Once(css) {
+      return new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
+        if (css.first) {
+          reject(css.first.error('Error'))
+        }
+      })
+    },
+    postcssPlugin: 'async-plugin'
+  }
+
+  let error = await catchError(() =>
+    postcss([plugin]).process('a{}', { from: undefined })
+  )
+  is(error.plugin, 'async-plugin')
+})
+
+test.run()
diff --git a/test/declaration.js b/test/declaration.js
deleted file mode 100644
index 766e1ce75..000000000
--- a/test/declaration.js
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,45 +0,0 @@
-import Declaration from '../lib/declaration';
-import parse       from '../lib/parse';
-import Rule        from '../lib/rule';
-
-import { expect } from 'chai';
-
-describe('Declaration', () => {
-
-    it('initializes with properties', () => {
-        var decl = new Declaration({ prop: 'color', value: 'black' });
-
-        expect(decl.prop).to.eql('color');
-        expect(decl.value).to.eql('black');
-    });
-
-    describe('important', () => {
-
-        it('returns boolean', () => {
-            var decl = new Declaration({ prop: 'color', value: 'black' });
-            decl.important = true;
-            expect(decl.toString()).to.eql('color: black !important');
-        });
-
-    });
-
-    describe('toString()', () => {
-
-        it('inserts default spaces', () => {
-            var decl = new Declaration({ prop: 'color', value: 'black' });
-            var rule = new Rule({ selector: 'a' });
-            rule.append(decl);
-            expect(decl.toString()).to.eql("\n    color: black");
-        });
-
-        it('clone spaces from another declaration', () => {
-            var root = parse('a{color:black}');
-            var decl = new Declaration({ prop: 'margin', value: '0' });
-            root.first.append(decl);
-
-            expect(decl.toString()).to.eql('margin:0');
-        });
-
-    });
-
-});
diff --git a/test/declaration.test.ts b/test/declaration.test.ts
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..75eb003b1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/declaration.test.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,48 @@
+import { test } from 'uvu'
+import { is } from 'uvu/assert'
+
+import { Declaration, parse, Rule } from '../lib/postcss.js'
+
+test('initializes with properties', () => {
+  let decl = new Declaration({ prop: 'color', value: 'black' })
+  is(decl.prop, 'color')
+  is(decl.value, 'black')
+})
+
+test('returns boolean important', () => {
+  let decl = new Declaration({ prop: 'color', value: 'black' })
+  decl.important = true
+  is(decl.toString(), 'color: black !important')
+})
+
+test('inserts default spaces', () => {
+  let decl = new Declaration({ prop: 'color', value: 'black' })
+  let rule = new Rule({ selector: 'a' })
+  rule.append(decl)
+  is(rule.toString(), 'a {\n    color: black\n}')
+})
+
+test('clones spaces from another declaration', () => {
+  let root = parse('a{color:black}')
+  let rule = root.first as Rule
+  let decl = new Declaration({ prop: 'margin', value: '0' })
+  rule.append(decl)
+  is(root.toString(), 'a{color:black;margin:0}')
+})
+
+test('converts value to string', () => {
+  // @ts-expect-error Testing invalid API
+  let decl = new Declaration({ prop: 'color', value: 1 })
+  is(decl.value, '1')
+})
+
+test('detects variable declarations', () => {
+  let prop = new Declaration({ prop: '--color', value: 'black' })
+  is(prop.variable, true)
+  let sass = new Declaration({ prop: '$color', value: 'black' })
+  is(sass.variable, true)
+  let decl = new Declaration({ prop: 'color', value: 'black' })
+  is(decl.variable, false)
+})
+
+test.run()
diff --git a/test/document.test.ts b/test/document.test.ts
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..a0a4a02d2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/document.test.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+import { test } from 'uvu'
+import { is, match } from 'uvu/assert'
+
+import Document from '../lib/document.js'
+import { parse, Result } from '../lib/postcss.js'
+
+test('generates result without map', () => {
+  let root = parse('a {}')
+  let document = new Document()
+
+  document.append(root)
+
+  let result = document.toResult()
+
+  is(result instanceof Result, true)
+  is(result.css, 'a {}')
+})
+
+test('generates result with map', () => {
+  let root = parse('a {}')
+  let document = new Document()
+
+  document.append(root)
+
+  let result = document.toResult({ map: true })
+
+  is(result instanceof Result, true)
+  match(result.css, /a {}\n\/\*# sourceMappingURL=/)
+})
+
+test.run()
diff --git a/test/errors.ts b/test/errors.ts
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..e5c07b7ae
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/errors.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+import { PluginCreator } from '../lib/postcss.js'
+
+const plugin: PluginCreator<{ a: number }> = opts => {
+  // THROWS 'opts' is possibly 'undefined'
+  console.log(opts.a)
+  // THROWS Property 'b' does not exist on type '{ a: number; }'
+  console.log(opts?.b)
+  return {
+    postcssPlugin: 'remover',
+    // THROWS Property 'Decl' does not exist on type 'Helpers'.
+    Comment(decl, { Decl }) {
+      // THROWS Property 'prop' does not exist on type 'Comment_'
+      console.log(decl.prop)
+      // THROWS Property 'removeChild' does not exist on type 'Comment_'
+      decl.removeChild(1)
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+plugin.postcss = true
+
+export default plugin
diff --git a/test/fromJSON.test.ts b/test/fromJSON.test.ts
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..b4fad5c79
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/fromJSON.test.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,82 @@
+import { test } from 'uvu'
+import { equal, instance, is, throws } from 'uvu/assert'
+import * as v8 from 'v8'
+
+import postcss, { Declaration, Input, Root, Rule } from '../lib/postcss.js'
+
+test('rehydrates a JSON AST', () => {
+  let cssWithMap = postcss().process(
+    '.foo { color: red; font-size: 12pt; } /* abc */ @media (width: 60em) { }',
+    {
+      from: 'x.css',
+      map: {
+        inline: true
+      },
+      stringifier: postcss.stringify
+    }
+  ).css
+
+  let root = postcss.parse(cssWithMap)
+
+  let json = root.toJSON()
+  let serialized = v8.serialize(json)
+  let deserialized = v8.deserialize(serialized)
+  let rehydrated = postcss.fromJSON(deserialized as object) as Root
+
+  rehydrated.nodes[0].remove()
+
+  is(rehydrated.nodes.length, 3)
+
+  is(
+    postcss().process(rehydrated, {
+      from: undefined,
+      map: {
+        inline: true
+      },
+      stringifier: postcss.stringify
+    }).css,
+    `/* abc */ @media (width: 60em) { }
+/*# sourceMappingURL=data:application/json;base64,eyJ2ZXJzaW9uIjozLCJzb3VyY2VzIjpbInguY3NzIl0sIm5hbWVzIjpbXSwibWFwcGluZ3MiOiJBQUFzQyxRQUFRLEVBQUUsdUJBQXVCIiwiZmlsZSI6InRvLmNzcyIsInNvdXJjZXNDb250ZW50IjpbIi5mb28geyBjb2xvcjogcmVkOyBmb250LXNpemU6IDEycHQ7IH0gLyogYWJjICovIEBtZWRpYSAod2lkdGg6IDYwZW0pIHsgfSJdfQ== */`
+  )
+})
+
+test('preserves node raws when rehydrating a JSON AST', () => {
+  let css = 'a {}\nb {}\n\nc {}\n'
+  let root = postcss.parse(css)
+
+  let rehydrated = postcss.fromJSON(
+    JSON.parse(JSON.stringify(root.toJSON()))
+  ) as Root
+
+  is(rehydrated.toString(), css)
+  is(rehydrated.nodes[1].raws.before, '\n')
+  is(rehydrated.nodes[2].raws.before, '\n\n')
+})
+
+test('rehydrates an array of Nodes via JSON.stringify', () => {
+  let root = postcss.parse('.cls { color: orange; }')
+
+  let rule = root.first as Rule
+  let json = JSON.stringify(rule.nodes)
+  let rehydrated = postcss.fromJSON(JSON.parse(json)) as any
+  instance(rehydrated[0], Declaration)
+  instance(rehydrated[0].source?.input, Input)
+})
+
+test('throws when rehydrating an invalid JSON AST', () => {
+  throws(() => {
+    postcss.fromJSON({ type: 'not-a-node-type' })
+  }, 'Unknown node type: not-a-node-type')
+})
+
+test('does not allow to change prototype', () => {
+  let node = postcss.fromJSON(
+    JSON.parse(
+      '{"type":"decl","prop":"color","value":"red","__proto__":{"hijacked":true}}'
+    )
+  )
+  // @ts-expect-error
+  equal(typeof node.hijacked, 'undefined')
+})
+
+test.run()
diff --git a/test/fuzzing/fuzz_parse.dict b/test/fuzzing/fuzz_parse.dict
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..0f6f9ea32
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/fuzzing/fuzz_parse.dict
@@ -0,0 +1,109 @@
+# Dictionary of common CSS tokens for libFuzzer.
+# Reference: https://www.w3.org/TR/css-syntax-3/
+
+# At-rules
+"@charset "
+"@import "
+"@media "
+"@supports "
+"@font-face "
+"@keyframes "
+"@page "
+"@namespace "
+"@document "
+"@layer "
+"@container "
+"@property "
+"@scope "
+"@counter-style "
+"@font-feature-values "
+
+# Structural punctuation
+"{"
+"}"
+";"
+":"
+","
+"("
+")"
+"["
+"]"
+"/*"
+"*/"
+"!important"
+"--"
+
+# Selectors
+"*"
+">"
+"+"
+"~"
+"::"
+"&"
+
+# Common pseudo-classes / pseudo-elements
+":hover"
+":focus"
+":active"
+":root"
+":not("
+":is("
+":where("
+":has("
+"::before"
+"::after"
+
+# Common properties
+"color:"
+"background:"
+"background-color:"
+"width:"
+"height:"
+"margin:"
+"padding:"
+"border:"
+"display:"
+"position:"
+"font-size:"
+"font-family:"
+"transform:"
+"transition:"
+"animation:"
+"grid-template-columns:"
+"flex:"
+
+# Values / units
+"px"
+"em"
+"rem"
+"%"
+"vh"
+"vw"
+"deg"
+"rgb("
+"rgba("
+"hsl("
+"hsla("
+"calc("
+"var("
+"url("
+"linear-gradient("
+"none"
+"auto"
+"inherit"
+"initial"
+"unset"
+"revert"
+
+# Strings / escapes
+"\""
+"'"
+"\\"
+
+# Source map annotations
+# Reaching the source-map parsing branch quickly has historically uncovered
+# bugs; postcss matches /\*\s*# sourceMappingURL=/ and decodes inline base64
+# payloads via the `data:application/json;base64,` prefix.
+"/*# sourceMappingURL="
+"# sourceMappingURL="
+"data:application/json;base64,"
diff --git a/test/fuzzing/fuzz_parse.js b/test/fuzzing/fuzz_parse.js
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..8343f363c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/fuzzing/fuzz_parse.js
@@ -0,0 +1,121 @@
+// Copyright 2026 Google LLC
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+//
+////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+
+let { FuzzedDataProvider } = require('@jazzer.js/core')
+
+let postcss = require('../../lib/postcss')
+
+module.exports.fuzz = function (data) {
+  let provider = new FuzzedDataProvider(data)
+
+  // The CSS input itself is randomized: every byte the fuzzer produces (or
+  // mutates from the seed corpus) flows directly into `cssString` via
+  // consumeRemainingAsString(). The option flags below are read from the
+  // *back* of the buffer (jazzer.js consumes integrals/booleans from the
+  // tail), so seed CSS files from postcss-parser-tests are fed into the
+  // parser nearly verbatim, with only their last few bytes nibbled off as
+  // option control.
+  let useMap = provider.consumeBoolean()
+  let useFrom = provider.consumeBoolean()
+  let useProcessor = provider.consumeBoolean()
+  let splitMode = provider.consumeIntegralInRange(0, 2)
+  let cssString = provider.consumeRemainingAsString()
+
+  let parseOptions = {}
+  if (useFrom) parseOptions.from = 'fuzz.css'
+  if (useMap) parseOptions.map = { annotation: false, inline: false }
+
+  let root
+  try {
+    root = postcss.parse(cssString, parseOptions)
+  } catch (e) {
+    if (e instanceof postcss.CssSyntaxError) return
+    throw e
+  }
+
+  // Walk the AST and exercise common node accessors. This also stresses
+  // raws/source bookkeeping for any node returned by the parser.
+  try {
+    root.walk(node => {
+      void node.type
+      void node.toString()
+      if (typeof node.error === 'function') {
+        // Generating an error message touches input/source-map machinery.
+        node.error('fuzz').message
+      }
+    })
+  } catch (e) {
+    if (!isExpected(e, postcss)) throw e
+  }
+
+  // Round-trip via stringify and re-parse. Output should itself be parseable.
+  let serialized
+  try {
+    serialized = root.toString()
+  } catch (e) {
+    if (!isExpected(e, postcss)) throw e
+    return
+  }
+
+  try {
+    postcss.parse(serialized)
+  } catch (e) {
+    if (!(e instanceof postcss.CssSyntaxError)) throw e
+  }
+
+  // Exercise the JSON serialization round-trip.
+  try {
+    let json = root.toJSON()
+    postcss.fromJSON(json)
+  } catch (e) {
+    if (!isExpected(e)) throw e
+  }
+
+  // Exercise the main public entry point: postcss().process(). This drives
+  // the LazyResult / NoWorkResult pipeline that real plugin chains use.
+  if (useProcessor) {
+    try {
+      let result = postcss().process(cssString, parseOptions)
+      void result.css
+      void result.warnings()
+    } catch (e) {
+      if (!isExpected(e)) throw e
+    }
+  }
+
+  // Exercise the list helpers, which have their own quoting/escape logic.
+  try {
+    if (splitMode === 0) {
+      postcss.list.comma(cssString)
+    } else if (splitMode === 1) {
+      postcss.list.space(cssString)
+    } else {
+      postcss.list.split(cssString, [',', ' '], false)
+    }
+  } catch (e) {
+    if (!isExpected(e)) throw e
+  }
+}
+
+function isExpected(error) {
+  if (error instanceof postcss.CssSyntaxError) return true
+  if (!error || typeof error.message !== 'string') return false
+  // Some legitimate inputs reach known-shaped TypeErrors during stringify or
+  // walk because the CSS allows constructs whose textual form is ambiguous.
+  // Suppress only those well-defined cases so real bugs still surface.
+  let benign = ['Unknown node type', 'Unknown word']
+  return benign.some(msg => error.message.indexOf(msg) !== -1)
+}
diff --git a/test/input.test.ts b/test/input.test.ts
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..43d920f4e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/input.test.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,136 @@
+import { join } from 'node:path'
+import { pathToFileURL } from 'node:url'
+import { SourceNode } from 'source-map-js'
+import { test } from 'uvu'
+import { equal, is } from 'uvu/assert'
+
+import { Input } from '../lib/postcss.js'
+
+function urlOf(file: string): string {
+  return pathToFileURL(join(__dirname, file)).toString()
+}
+
+test('fromLineAndColumn() returns offset', () => {
+  let input = new Input('a {\n}')
+  is(input.fromLineAndColumn(1, 1), 0)
+  is(input.fromLineAndColumn(1, 3), 2)
+  is(input.fromLineAndColumn(2, 1), 4)
+  is(input.fromLineAndColumn(2, 2), 5)
+})
+
+test('fromOffset() returns line and column', () => {
+  let input = new Input('a {\n}')
+  equal(input.fromOffset(0), { col: 1, line: 1 })
+  equal(input.fromOffset(2), { col: 3, line: 1 })
+  equal(input.fromOffset(4), { col: 1, line: 2 })
+  equal(input.fromOffset(5), { col: 2, line: 2 })
+})
+
+test('origin() returns false without source map', () => {
+  let input = new Input('a {\n}')
+  is(input.origin(1, 1), false)
+})
+
+test('origin() returns source position with source map', () => {
+  // @ts-expect-error source-map-js accepts null, but it's not in the types
+  let node = new SourceNode(null, null, null, [
+    new SourceNode(1, 0, 'a.css', 'a'),
+    new SourceNode(1, 1, 'a.css', ' '),
+    new SourceNode(1, 2, 'a.css', '{'),
+    new SourceNode(1, 3, 'a.css', '}'),
+    '\n',
+    new SourceNode(1, 0, 'b.css', 'b'),
+    new SourceNode(1, 1, 'b.css', ' '),
+    new SourceNode(1, 2, 'b.css', '{'),
+    new SourceNode(1, 3, 'b.css', '}'),
+    new SourceNode(1, 4, 'b.css', '\n'),
+    new SourceNode(2, 0, 'b.css', 'c'),
+    new SourceNode(2, 1, 'b.css', ' '),
+    new SourceNode(2, 2, 'b.css', '{'),
+    new SourceNode(2, 3, 'b.css', '}')
+  ])
+  let from = join(__dirname, 'all.css')
+  let codeWithSourceMap = node.toStringWithSourceMap({ file: from })
+  let input = new Input(codeWithSourceMap.code, {
+    from,
+    map: { prev: codeWithSourceMap.map }
+  })
+  equal(input.origin(1, 1), {
+    column: 1,
+    endColumn: undefined,
+    endLine: undefined,
+    file: join(__dirname, 'a.css'),
+    line: 1,
+    url: urlOf('a.css')
+  })
+  equal(input.origin(1, 4), {
+    column: 4,
+    endColumn: undefined,
+    endLine: undefined,
+    file: join(__dirname, 'a.css'),
+    line: 1,
+    url: urlOf('a.css')
+  })
+  equal(input.origin(2, 1), {
+    column: 1,
+    endColumn: undefined,
+    endLine: undefined,
+    file: join(__dirname, 'b.css'),
+    line: 1,
+    url: urlOf('b.css')
+  })
+  equal(input.origin(2, 4), {
+    column: 4,
+    endColumn: undefined,
+    endLine: undefined,
+    file: join(__dirname, 'b.css'),
+    line: 1,
+    url: urlOf('b.css')
+  })
+  equal(input.origin(3, 1), {
+    column: 1,
+    endColumn: undefined,
+    endLine: undefined,
+    file: join(__dirname, 'b.css'),
+    line: 2,
+    url: urlOf('b.css')
+  })
+  equal(input.origin(2, 1, 2, 4), {
+    column: 1,
+    endColumn: 4,
+    endLine: 1,
+    file: join(__dirname, 'b.css'),
+    line: 1,
+    url: urlOf('b.css')
+  })
+})
+
+test('origin() does not mix undefined and null when end position is unmapped', () => {
+  // @ts-expect-error source-map-js accepts null, but it's not in the types
+  let node = new SourceNode(null, null, null, [
+    new SourceNode(1, 0, 'a.css', 'a'),
+    new SourceNode(1, 1, 'a.css', ' '),
+    new SourceNode(1, 2, 'a.css', '{'),
+    new SourceNode(1, 3, 'a.css', '}')
+  ])
+  let from = join(__dirname, 'all.css')
+  let codeWithSourceMap = node.toStringWithSourceMap({ file: from })
+  let input = new Input(codeWithSourceMap.code, {
+    from,
+    map: { prev: codeWithSourceMap.map }
+  })
+
+  // The start position (1, 1) is mapped, but the requested end position
+  // (99, 1) is far beyond anything the source map covers, so
+  // `originalPositionFor()` cannot resolve it.
+  equal(input.origin(1, 1, 99, 1), {
+    column: 1,
+    endColumn: undefined,
+    endLine: undefined,
+    file: join(__dirname, 'a.css'),
+    line: 1,
+    url: urlOf('a.css')
+  })
+})
+
+test.run()
diff --git a/test/integration.js b/test/integration.js
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..bce5cf670
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/integration.js
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env node
+
+let { testOnReal } = require('postcss-parser-tests')
+
+let { parse } = require('../')
+
+testOnReal(css => parse(css).toResult({ map: { annotation: false } }))
diff --git a/test/lazy-result.test.ts b/test/lazy-result.test.ts
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..aef717dcf
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/lazy-result.test.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,73 @@
+import { SourceMapGenerator } from 'source-map-js'
+import { test } from 'uvu'
+import { equal, is, type } from 'uvu/assert'
+
+import LazyResult from '../lib/lazy-result.js'
+import Processor from '../lib/processor.js'
+
+let processor = new Processor()
+
+test('contains AST', () => {
+  let result = new LazyResult(processor, 'a {}', {})
+  is(result.root.type, 'root')
+})
+
+test('will stringify css', () => {
+  let result = new LazyResult(processor, 'a {}', {})
+  is(result.css, 'a {}')
+})
+
+test('stringifies css', () => {
+  let result = new LazyResult(processor, 'a {}', {})
+  is(`${result}`, result.css)
+})
+
+test('has content alias for css', () => {
+  let result = new LazyResult(processor, 'a {}', {})
+  is(result.content, 'a {}')
+})
+
+test('has map only if necessary', () => {
+  let result1 = new LazyResult(processor, '', {})
+  type(result1.map, 'undefined')
+
+  let result2 = new LazyResult(processor, '', {})
+  type(result2.map, 'undefined')
+
+  let result3 = new LazyResult(processor, '', { map: { inline: false } })
+  is(result3.map instanceof SourceMapGenerator, true)
+})
+
+test('contains options', () => {
+  let result = new LazyResult(processor, 'a {}', { to: 'a.css' })
+  equal(result.opts, { to: 'a.css' })
+})
+
+test('contains warnings', () => {
+  let result = new LazyResult(processor, 'a {}', {})
+  equal(result.warnings(), [])
+})
+
+test('contains messages', () => {
+  let result = new LazyResult(processor, 'a {}', {})
+  equal(result.messages, [])
+})
+
+test('executes on finally callback', () => {
+  let callbackHaveBeenCalled = 0
+  let mockCallback = (): void => {
+    callbackHaveBeenCalled++
+  }
+  return new LazyResult(processor, 'a {}', {})
+    .finally(mockCallback)
+    .then(() => {
+      is(callbackHaveBeenCalled, 1)
+    })
+})
+
+test('prints its object type', () => {
+  let result = new LazyResult(processor, 'a {}', {})
+  is(Object.prototype.toString.call(result), '[object LazyResult]')
+})
+
+test.run()
diff --git a/test/list.js b/test/list.js
deleted file mode 100644
index f2be5b94c..000000000
--- a/test/list.js
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,47 +0,0 @@
-import list from '../lib/list';
-
-import { expect } from 'chai';
-
-describe('list', () => {
-
-    describe('.space()', () => {
-
-        it('splits list by spaces', () => {
-            expect(list.space('a b')).to.eql(['a', 'b']);
-        });
-
-        it('trims values', () => {
-            expect(list.space(' a  b ')).to.eql(['a', 'b']);
-        });
-
-        it('checks quotes', () => {
-            expect(list.space('"a b\\"" \'\'')).to.eql(['"a b\\""', "''"]);
-        });
-
-        it('checks functions', () => {
-            expect(list.space('f( )) a( () )')).to.eql(['f( ))', 'a( () )']);
-        });
-
-    });
-
-    describe('.comma()', () => {
-
-        it('splits list by spaces', () => {
-            expect(list.comma('a, b')).to.eql(['a', 'b']);
-        });
-
-        it('adds last empty', () => {
-            expect(list.comma('a, b,')).to.eql(['a', 'b', '']);
-        });
-
-        it('checks quotes', () => {
-            expect(list.comma('"a,b\\"", \'\'')).to.eql(['"a,b\\""', "''"]);
-        });
-
-        it('checks functions', () => {
-            expect(list.comma('f(,)), a(,(),)')).to.eql(['f(,))', 'a(,(),)']);
-        });
-
-    });
-
-});
diff --git a/test/list.test.ts b/test/list.test.ts
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..104e0ded9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/list.test.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,85 @@
+import { test } from 'uvu'
+import { equal } from 'uvu/assert'
+
+import { list } from '../lib/postcss.js'
+
+test('space() splits list by spaces', () => {
+  equal(list.space('a b'), ['a', 'b'])
+})
+
+test('space() trims values', () => {
+  equal(list.space(' a  b '), ['a', 'b'])
+})
+
+test('space() ignores repeated spaces', () => {
+  equal(list.space('a  b'), ['a', 'b'])
+})
+
+test('space() checks quotes', () => {
+  equal(list.space('"a b\\"" \'\''), ['"a b\\""', "''"])
+})
+
+test('space() checks functions', () => {
+  equal(list.space('f( )) a( () )'), ['f( ))', 'a( () )'])
+})
+
+test('space() does not split on escaped spaces', () => {
+  equal(list.space('a\\ b'), ['a\\ b'])
+})
+
+test('space() works from variable', () => {
+  let space = list.space
+  equal(space('a b'), ['a', 'b'])
+})
+
+test('comma() splits list by spaces', () => {
+  equal(list.comma('a, b'), ['a', 'b'])
+})
+
+test('comma() adds last empty', () => {
+  equal(list.comma('a, b,'), ['a', 'b', ''])
+})
+
+test('comma() keeps empty value', () => {
+  equal(list.comma(''), [''])
+})
+
+test('comma() ignores non-string values', () => {
+  // @ts-expect-error Testing invalid API
+  equal(list.comma(undefined), [])
+})
+
+test('comma() keeps first empty', () => {
+  equal(list.comma(', b'), ['', 'b'])
+})
+
+test('comma() keeps empty between values', () => {
+  equal(list.comma('a,, b'), ['a', '', 'b'])
+})
+
+test('comma() keeps empty regardless of spaces', () => {
+  equal(list.comma('a,,b'), list.comma('a, ,b'))
+})
+
+test('comma() keeps every empty value', () => {
+  equal(list.comma(',,'), ['', '', ''])
+})
+
+test('comma() checks quotes', () => {
+  equal(list.comma('"a,b\\"", \'\''), ['"a,b\\""', "''"])
+})
+
+test('comma() checks functions', () => {
+  equal(list.comma('f(,)), a(,(),)'), ['f(,))', 'a(,(),)'])
+})
+
+test('comma() does not split on escaped commas', () => {
+  equal(list.comma('a\\, b'), ['a\\, b'])
+})
+
+test('comma() works from variable', () => {
+  let comma = list.comma
+  equal(comma('a, b'), ['a', 'b'])
+})
+
+test.run()
diff --git a/test/location.test.ts b/test/location.test.ts
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..b3db4dca8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/location.test.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,361 @@
+import { test } from 'uvu'
+import { equal } from 'uvu/assert'
+
+import {
+  AtRule,
+  Comment,
+  Declaration,
+  Node,
+  parse,
+  Rule
+} from '../lib/postcss.js'
+
+function checkOffset(source: string, node: Node, expected: string): void {
+  let start = node.source!.start!.offset
+  let end = node.source!.end!.offset
+  equal(source.slice(start, end), expected)
+}
+
+test('root', () => {
+  let source = '.a{}'
+  let css = parse(source)
+
+  checkOffset(source, css, '.a{}')
+  equal(css.source!.start, {
+    column: 1,
+    line: 1,
+    offset: 0
+  })
+  equal(css.source!.end, {
+    column: 5,
+    line: 1,
+    offset: 4
+  })
+})
+
+test('rule', () => {
+  let source = '.a{}'
+  let css = parse(source)
+
+  let rule = css.first as Rule
+  checkOffset(source, rule, '.a{}')
+  equal(rule.source!.start, {
+    column: 1,
+    line: 1,
+    offset: 0
+  })
+  equal(rule.source!.end, {
+    column: 4,
+    line: 1,
+    offset: 4
+  })
+})
+
+test('rule with own semicolon', () => {
+  let source = '.a{};'
+  let css = parse(source)
+
+  let rule = css.first as Rule
+  checkOffset(source, rule, '.a{};')
+  equal(rule.source!.end, {
+    column: 5,
+    line: 1,
+    offset: 5
+  })
+})
+
+test('rule with own semicolon after spaces', () => {
+  let source = '.a{}  ;'
+  let css = parse(source)
+
+  let rule = css.first as Rule
+  checkOffset(source, rule, '.a{}  ;')
+  equal(rule.source!.end, {
+    column: 7,
+    line: 1,
+    offset: 7
+  })
+})
+
+test('rule with own semicolon on the next line', () => {
+  let source = '.a{}\n;\n\n.b{}'
+  let css = parse(source)
+
+  let rule = css.first as Rule
+  checkOffset(source, rule, '.a{}\n;')
+  equal(rule.source!.end, {
+    column: 1,
+    line: 2,
+    offset: 6
+  })
+  equal((css.last as Rule).source!.start, {
+    column: 1,
+    line: 4,
+    offset: 8
+  })
+})
+
+test('single decl (no semicolon)', () => {
+  let source = '.a{b:c}'
+  let css = parse(source)
+
+  let rule = css.first as Rule
+  let decl = rule.first as Declaration
+  checkOffset(source, rule, '.a{b:c}')
+  checkOffset(source, decl, 'b:c')
+  equal(rule.source!.start, {
+    column: 1,
+    line: 1,
+    offset: 0
+  })
+  equal(rule.source!.end, {
+    column: 7,
+    line: 1,
+    offset: 7
+  })
+  equal(decl.source!.start, {
+    column: 4,
+    line: 1,
+    offset: 3
+  })
+  equal(decl.source!.end, {
+    column: 6,
+    line: 1,
+    offset: 6
+  })
+})
+
+test('single decl (with semicolon)', () => {
+  let source = '.a{b:c;}'
+  let css = parse(source)
+
+  let rule = css.first as Rule
+  let decl = rule.first as Declaration
+  checkOffset(source, rule, '.a{b:c;}')
+  checkOffset(source, decl, 'b:c;')
+  equal(rule.source!.start, {
+    column: 1,
+    line: 1,
+    offset: 0
+  })
+  equal(rule.source!.end, {
+    column: 8,
+    line: 1,
+    offset: 8
+  })
+  equal(decl.source!.start, {
+    column: 4,
+    line: 1,
+    offset: 3
+  })
+  equal(decl.source!.end, {
+    column: 7,
+    line: 1,
+    offset: 7
+  })
+})
+
+test('two decls', () => {
+  let source = '.a{b:c;d:e}'
+  let css = parse(source)
+
+  let rule = css.first as Rule
+  let decl1 = rule.first as Declaration
+  let decl2 = decl1.next() as Declaration
+  checkOffset(source, decl1, 'b:c;')
+  checkOffset(source, decl2, 'd:e')
+  equal(rule.source!.start, {
+    column: 1,
+    line: 1,
+    offset: 0
+  })
+  equal(rule.source!.end, {
+    column: 11,
+    line: 1,
+    offset: 11
+  })
+  equal(decl1.source!.start, {
+    column: 4,
+    line: 1,
+    offset: 3
+  })
+  equal(decl1.source!.end, {
+    column: 7,
+    line: 1,
+    offset: 7
+  })
+  equal(decl2.source!.start, {
+    column: 8,
+    line: 1,
+    offset: 7
+  })
+  equal(decl2.source!.end, {
+    column: 10,
+    line: 1,
+    offset: 10
+  })
+})
+
+test('...rule nested in rule', () => {
+  let source = '.a{.b{}}'
+  let css = parse(source)
+
+  let rule = css.first as Rule
+  let rule2 = rule.first as Rule
+  checkOffset(source, rule, '.a{.b{}}')
+  checkOffset(source, rule2, '.b{}')
+  equal(rule.source!.start, {
+    column: 1,
+    line: 1,
+    offset: 0
+  })
+  equal(rule.source!.end, {
+    column: 8,
+    line: 1,
+    offset: 8
+  })
+  equal(rule2.source!.start, {
+    column: 4,
+    line: 1,
+    offset: 3
+  })
+  equal(rule2.source!.end, {
+    column: 7,
+    line: 1,
+    offset: 7
+  })
+})
+
+test('at-rule with semicolon', () => {
+  let source = '@a b;'
+  let css = parse(source)
+
+  let atrule = css.first as AtRule
+  checkOffset(source, atrule, '@a b;')
+  equal(atrule.source!.start, {
+    column: 1,
+    line: 1,
+    offset: 0
+  })
+  equal(atrule.source!.end, {
+    column: 5,
+    line: 1,
+    offset: 5
+  })
+})
+
+test('unclosed at-rule', () => {
+  let source = '@a b'
+  let css = parse(source)
+
+  let atrule = css.first as AtRule
+  checkOffset(source, atrule, '@a b')
+  equal(atrule.source!.start, {
+    column: 1,
+    line: 1,
+    offset: 0
+  })
+  equal(atrule.source!.end, {
+    column: 4,
+    line: 1,
+    offset: 4
+  })
+})
+
+test('unclosed at-rule in at-rule', () => {
+  let source = '@a{@b c}'
+  let css = parse(source)
+
+  let atrule = css.first as AtRule
+  let atrule2 = atrule.first as AtRule
+  checkOffset(source, atrule, '@a{@b c}')
+  checkOffset(source, atrule2, '@b c')
+  equal(atrule.source!.start, {
+    column: 1,
+    line: 1,
+    offset: 0
+  })
+  equal(atrule.source!.end, {
+    column: 8,
+    line: 1,
+    offset: 8
+  })
+  equal(atrule2.source!.start, {
+    column: 4,
+    line: 1,
+    offset: 3
+  })
+  equal(atrule2.source!.end, {
+    column: 7,
+    line: 1,
+    offset: 7
+  })
+})
+
+test('at-rule with body', () => {
+  let source = '@a{}'
+  let css = parse(source)
+
+  let atrule = css.first as AtRule
+  checkOffset(source, atrule, '@a{}')
+  equal(atrule.source!.start, {
+    column: 1,
+    line: 1,
+    offset: 0
+  })
+  equal(atrule.source!.end, {
+    column: 4,
+    line: 1,
+    offset: 4
+  })
+})
+
+test('at-rule nested in atrule', () => {
+  let source = '@a{@b{}}'
+  let css = parse(source)
+
+  let atrule = css.first as Rule
+  let atrule2 = atrule.first as Rule
+  checkOffset(source, atrule, '@a{@b{}}')
+  checkOffset(source, atrule2, '@b{}')
+  equal(atrule.source!.start, {
+    column: 1,
+    line: 1,
+    offset: 0
+  })
+  equal(atrule.source!.end, {
+    column: 8,
+    line: 1,
+    offset: 8
+  })
+  equal(atrule2.source!.start, {
+    column: 4,
+    line: 1,
+    offset: 3
+  })
+  equal(atrule2.source!.end, {
+    column: 7,
+    line: 1,
+    offset: 7
+  })
+})
+
+test('comment', () => {
+  let source = '/*a*/'
+  let css = parse(source)
+
+  let rule = css.first as Comment
+  checkOffset(source, rule, '/*a*/')
+  equal(rule.source!.start, {
+    column: 1,
+    line: 1,
+    offset: 0
+  })
+  equal(rule.source!.end, {
+    column: 5,
+    line: 1,
+    offset: 5
+  })
+})
+
+test.run()
diff --git a/test/map.js b/test/map.js
deleted file mode 100644
index e525f41be..000000000
--- a/test/map.js
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,487 +0,0 @@
-import PreviousMap from '../lib/previous-map';
-import postcss     from '../lib/postcss';
-
-import   mozilla  from 'source-map';
-import   fs       from 'fs-extra';
-import { expect } from 'chai';
-import   path     from 'path';
-
-var consumer = map => new mozilla.SourceMapConsumer.fromSourceMap(map);
-
-var read = function (result) {
-    var prev = new PreviousMap(result.css, { });
-    return prev.consumer();
-};
-
-var dir = __dirname + '/fixtures';
-
-var doubler = postcss( (css) => {
-    css.eachDecl( decl => decl.parent.prepend(decl.clone()) );
-});
-var lighter = postcss( (css) => {
-    css.eachDecl( decl => decl.value = 'white' );
-});
-
-describe('source maps', () => {
-    afterEach( () => {
-        if ( fs.existsSync(dir) ) fs.removeSync(dir);
-    });
-
-    it('adds map field only on request', () => {
-        expect(postcss().process('a {}').map).to.not.exist;
-    });
-
-    it('return map generator', () => {
-        var map = postcss().process('a {}', { map: { inline: false } }).map;
-        expect(map).to.be.instanceOf(mozilla.SourceMapGenerator);
-    });
-
-    it('generate right source map', () => {
-        var css       = "a {\n  color: black;\n  }";
-        var processor = postcss( (css) => {
-            css.eachRule( (rule) => {
-                rule.selector = 'strong';
-            });
-            css.eachDecl( (decl) => {
-                decl.parent.prepend( decl.clone({ prop: 'background' }) );
-            });
-        });
-
-        var result = processor.process(css, {
-            from: 'a.css',
-            to:   'b.css',
-            map:  true
-        });
-        var map = read(result);
-
-        expect(map.file).to.eql('b.css');
-
-        expect(map.originalPositionFor({ line: 1, column: 0 })).to.eql({
-            source: 'a.css',
-            line:   1,
-            column: 0,
-            name:   null
-        });
-        expect(map.originalPositionFor({ line: 2, column: 2 })).to.eql({
-            source: 'a.css',
-            line:   2,
-            column: 2,
-            name:   null
-        });
-        expect(map.originalPositionFor({ line: 3, column: 2 })).to.eql({
-            source: 'a.css',
-            line:   2,
-            column: 2,
-            name:   null
-        });
-    });
-
-    it('changes previous source map', () => {
-        var css = 'a { color: black }';
-
-        var doubled = doubler.process(css, {
-            from: 'a.css',
-            to:   'b.css',
-            map: { inline: false }
-        });
-
-        var lighted = lighter.process(doubled.css, {
-            from: 'b.css',
-            to:   'c.css',
-            map: { prev: doubled.map }
-        });
-
-        var map = consumer(lighted.map);
-        expect(map.originalPositionFor({ line: 1, column: 18 })).to.eql({
-            source: 'a.css',
-            line:   1,
-            column: 4,
-            name:   null
-        });
-    });
-
-    it('adds source map annotation', () => {
-        var css    = 'a { }/*# sourceMappingURL=a.css.map */';
-        var result = postcss().process(css, {
-            from: 'a.css',
-            to:   'b.css',
-            map: { inline: false }
-        });
-
-        expect(result.css).to.eql("a { }\n/*# sourceMappingURL=b.css.map */");
-    });
-
-    it('misses source map annotation, if user ask', () => {
-        var css    = 'a { }';
-        var result = postcss().process(css, {
-            from: 'a.css',
-            to:   'b.css',
-            map: { annotation: false }
-        });
-
-        expect(result.css).to.eql(css);
-    });
-
-    it('misses source map annotation, if previous map missed it', () => {
-        var css = 'a { }';
-
-        var step1 = postcss().process(css, {
-            from: 'a.css',
-            to:   'b.css',
-            map: { annotation: false }
-        });
-
-        var step2 = postcss().process(step1.css, {
-            from: 'b.css',
-            to:   'c.css',
-            map: { prev: step1.map }
-        });
-
-        expect(step2.css).to.eql(css);
-    });
-
-    it('uses user path in annotation, relative to options.to', () => {
-        var result = postcss().process('a { }', {
-            from: 'source/a.css',
-            to:   'build/b.css',
-            map: { annotation: 'maps/b.map' }
-        });
-
-        expect(result.css).to.eql("a { }\n/*# sourceMappingURL=maps/b.map */");
-        var map = consumer(result.map);
-
-        expect(map.file).to.eql('../b.css');
-        expect(map.originalPositionFor({ line: 1, column: 0 }).source)
-            .to.eql('../../source/a.css');
-    });
-
-    it('generates inline map', () => {
-        var css = 'a { }';
-
-        var inline = postcss().process(css, {
-            from: 'a.css',
-            to:   'b.css',
-            map: { inline: true }
-        });
-
-        expect(inline.map).to.not.exist;
-        expect(inline.css).to.match(/# sourceMappingURL=data:/);
-
-        var separated = postcss().process(css, {
-          from: 'a.css',
-          to:   'b.css',
-          map: { inline: false }
-        });
-
-        var base64 = new Buffer(separated.map).toString('base64');
-        expect(inline.css.endsWith(base64 + ' */')).to.be.true;
-    });
-
-    it('generates inline map by default', () => {
-        var inline = postcss().process('a { }', {
-            from: 'a.css',
-            to:   'b.css',
-            map:   true
-        });
-
-        expect(inline.css).to.match(/# sourceMappingURL=data:/);
-    });
-
-    it('generates separated map if previous map was not inlined', () => {
-        var step1 = doubler.process('a { color: black }', {
-            from: 'a.css',
-            to:   'b.css',
-            map: { inline: false }
-        });
-        var step2 = lighter.process(step1.css, {
-            from: 'b.css',
-            to:   'c.css',
-            map: { prev: step1.map }
-        });
-
-        expect(step2.map).to.exist;
-    });
-
-    it('generates separated map on annotation option', () => {
-        var result = postcss().process('a { }', {
-            from: 'a.css',
-            to:   'b.css',
-            map: { annotation: false }
-        });
-
-        expect(result.map).to.exist;
-    });
-
-    it('allows change map type', () => {
-        var step1 = postcss().process('a { }', {
-            from: 'a.css',
-            to:   'b.css',
-            map: { inline: true }
-        });
-
-        var step2 = postcss().process(step1.css, {
-            from: 'b.css',
-            to:   'c.css',
-            map: { inline: false }
-        });
-
-        expect(step2).to.have.property('map');
-        expect(step2.css).to.not.match(/# sourceMappingURL=data:/);
-    });
-
-    it('misses check files on requires', () => {
-        var step1 = doubler.process('a { }', {
-            from: 'a.css',
-            to:    dir + '/a.css',
-            map:   true
-        });
-
-        fs.outputFileSync(dir + '/a.css.map', step1.map);
-        var step2 = lighter.process(step1.css, {
-            from: dir + '/a.css',
-            to:  'b.css',
-            map:  false
-        });
-
-        expect(step2.map).to.not.exist;
-    });
-
-    it('works in subdirs', () => {
-        var result = doubler.process('a { }', {
-            from: 'from/a.css',
-            to:   'out/b.css',
-            map: { inline: false }
-        });
-
-        expect(result.css).to.match(/sourceMappingURL=b.css.map/);
-
-        var map = consumer(result.map);
-        expect(map.file).to.eql('b.css');
-        expect(map.sources).to.eql(['../from/a.css']);
-    });
-
-    it('uses map from subdir', () => {
-        var step1 = doubler.process('a { }', {
-            from: 'a.css',
-            to:   'out/b.css',
-            map: { inline: false }
-        });
-
-        var step2 = doubler.process(step1.css, {
-            from: 'out/b.css',
-            to:   'out/two/c.css',
-            map: { prev: step1.map }
-        });
-
-        var source = consumer(step2.map)
-            .originalPositionFor({ line: 1, column: 0 }).source;
-        expect(source).to.eql('../../a.css');
-
-        var step3 = doubler.process(step2.css, {
-            from: 'c.css',
-            to:   'd.css',
-            map: { prev: step2.map }
-        });
-
-        source = consumer(step3.map)
-            .originalPositionFor({ line: 1, column: 0 }).source;
-        expect(source).to.eql('../../a.css');
-    });
-
-    it('uses map from subdir if it inlined', () => {
-        var step1 = doubler.process('a { }', {
-            from: 'a.css',
-            to:   'out/b.css',
-            map:   true
-        });
-
-        var step2 = doubler.process(step1.css, {
-            from: 'out/b.css',
-            to:   'out/two/c.css',
-            map: { inline: false }
-        });
-
-        var source = consumer(step2.map)
-            .originalPositionFor({ line: 1, column: 0 }).source;
-        expect(source).to.eql('../../a.css');
-    });
-
-    it('uses map from subdir if it written as a file', () => {
-        var step1 = doubler.process('a { }', {
-            from: 'source/a.css',
-            to:   'one/b.css',
-            map: { annotation: 'maps/b.css.map', inline: false }
-        });
-
-        var source = consumer(step1.map)
-            .originalPositionFor({ line: 1, column: 0 }).source;
-        expect(source).to.eql('../../source/a.css');
-
-        fs.outputFileSync(dir + '/one/maps/b.css.map', step1.map);
-
-        var step2 = doubler.process(step1.css, {
-            from: dir + '/one/b.css',
-            to:   dir + '/two/c.css',
-            map:  true
-        });
-
-        source = consumer(step2.map)
-            .originalPositionFor({ line: 1, column: 0 }).source;
-        expect(source).to.eql('../source/a.css');
-    });
-
-    it('works with different types of maps', () => {
-        var step1 = doubler.process('a { }', {
-            from: 'a.css',
-            to:   'b.css',
-            map: { inline: false }
-        });
-
-        var map  = step1.map;
-        var maps = [map, consumer(map), map.toJSON(), map.toString()];
-
-        for ( var i of maps ) {
-            var step2 = doubler.process(step1.css, {
-                from: 'b.css',
-                to:   'c.css',
-                map: { prev: i }
-            });
-            var source = consumer(step2.map)
-                .originalPositionFor({ line: 1, column: 0 }).source;
-            expect(source).to.eql('a.css');
-        }
-    });
-
-    it('sets source content by default', () => {
-        var result = doubler.process('a { }', {
-            from: 'a.css',
-            to:   'out/b.css',
-            map:   true
-        });
-
-        expect(read(result).sourceContentFor('../a.css')).to.eql('a { }');
-    });
-
-    it('misses source content on request', () => {
-        var result = doubler.process('a { }', {
-            from: 'a.css',
-            to:   'out/b.css',
-            map: { sourcesContent: false }
-        });
-
-        expect(read(result).sourceContentFor('../a.css')).to.not.exist;
-    });
-
-    it('misses source content if previous not have', () => {
-        var step1 = doubler.process('a { }', {
-          from: 'a.css',
-          to:   'out/a.css',
-          map: { sourcesContent: false }
-        });
-
-        var file1 = postcss.parse(step1.css, {
-            from: 'a.css',
-            map: { prev: step1.map }
-        });
-        var file2 = postcss.parse('b { }', { from: 'b.css', map: true });
-
-        file2.append( file1.first.clone() );
-        var step2 = file2.toResult({ to: 'c.css', map: true });
-
-        expect(read(step2).sourceContentFor('b.css')).to.not.exist;
-    });
-
-    it('misses source content on request', () => {
-        var step1 = doubler.process('a { }', {
-            from: 'a.css',
-            to:   'out/a.css',
-            map: { sourcesContent: true }
-        });
-
-        var file1 = postcss.parse(step1.css, {
-            from: 'a.css',
-            map: { prev: step1.map }
-        });
-        var file2 = postcss.parse('b { }', { from: 'b.css', map: true });
-
-        file2.append( file1.first.clone() );
-        var step2 = file2.toResult({
-            to:   'c.css',
-            map: { sourcesContent: false }
-        });
-
-        var map = read(step2);
-        expect(map.sourceContentFor('b.css')).to.not.exist;
-        expect(map.sourceContentFor('../a.css')).to.not.exist;
-    });
-
-    it('detects input file name from map', () => {
-        var one = doubler.process('a { }', { to: 'a.css', map: true });
-        var two = doubler.process(one.css, { map: { prev: one.map } });
-        expect(two.root.first.source.input.file).to.eql(path.resolve('a.css'));
-    });
-
-    it('works without file names', () => {
-        var step1 = doubler.process('a { }', { map: true });
-        var step2 = doubler.process(step1.css);
-    });
-
-    it('supports UTF-8', () => {
-        var step1 = doubler.process('a { }', {
-            from: 'вход.css',
-            to:   'шаг1.css',
-            map:   true
-        });
-        var step2 = doubler.process(step1.css, {
-            from: 'шаг1.css',
-            to:   'выход.css',
-        });
-
-        expect(read(step2).file).to.eql('выход.css');
-    });
-
-    it('generates map for node created manually', () => {
-        var contenter = postcss( (css) => {
-            css.first.prepend({ prop: 'content', value: '""' });
-        });
-        var result = contenter.process('a:after{\n}', { map: true });
-        expect(read(result).originalPositionFor({ line: 2, column: 0 }))
-            .to.eql({ source: null, line: null, column: null, name: null });
-    });
-
-    it('uses input file name as output file name', () => {
-        var result = doubler.process('a{}', {
-            from: 'a.css',
-            map: { inline: false }
-        });
-        expect(result.map.toJSON().file).to.eql('a.css');
-    });
-
-    it('uses to.css as default output name', () => {
-        var result = doubler.process('a{}', { map: { inline: false } });
-        expect(result.map.toJSON().file).to.eql('to.css');
-    });
-
-    it('supports annotation comment in any place', () => {
-        var css    = '/*# sourceMappingURL=a.css.map */a { }';
-        var result = postcss().process(css, {
-            from: 'a.css',
-            to:   'b.css',
-            map: { inline: false }
-        });
-
-        expect(result.css).to.eql("a { }\n/*# sourceMappingURL=b.css.map */");
-    });
-
-    it('does not update annotation on request', () => {
-        var css    = 'a { }/*# sourceMappingURL=a.css.map */';
-        var result = postcss().process(css, {
-            from: 'a.css',
-            to:   'b.css',
-            map: { annotation: false, inline: false }
-        });
-
-        expect(result.css).to.eql("a { }/*# sourceMappingURL=a.css.map */");
-    });
-
-});
diff --git a/test/map.test.ts b/test/map.test.ts
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..ef55b5008
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/map.test.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,780 @@
+import {
+  existsSync,
+  lstatSync,
+  mkdirSync,
+  readdirSync,
+  rmdirSync,
+  unlinkSync,
+  writeFileSync
+} from 'fs'
+import { join, parse, resolve } from 'path'
+import { SourceMapConsumer, SourceMapGenerator } from 'source-map-js'
+import { pathToFileURL } from 'url'
+import { test } from 'uvu'
+import { equal, is, match, type } from 'uvu/assert'
+
+import postcss, { Root, Rule, SourceMap } from '../lib/postcss.js'
+import PreviousMap from '../lib/previous-map.js'
+
+function consumer(map: SourceMap): any {
+  return (SourceMapConsumer as any).fromSourceMap(map)
+}
+
+function read(result: { css: string }): any {
+  let prev = new PreviousMap(result.css, {})
+  return prev.consumer()
+}
+
+let dir = join(__dirname, 'map-fixtures')
+
+let doubler = postcss((css: Root) => {
+  css.walkDecls(decl => {
+    decl.parent?.prepend(decl.clone())
+  })
+})
+let lighter = postcss((css: Root) => {
+  css.walkDecls(decl => {
+    decl.value = 'white'
+  })
+})
+
+function deleteDir(path: string): void {
+  if (existsSync(path)) {
+    readdirSync(path).forEach(i => {
+      let file = join(path, i)
+      if (lstatSync(file).isDirectory()) {
+        deleteDir(file)
+      } else {
+        unlinkSync(file)
+      }
+    })
+    rmdirSync(path)
+  }
+}
+
+test.after.each(() => {
+  deleteDir(dir)
+})
+
+test('adds map field only on request', () => {
+  type(postcss([() => {}]).process('a {}').map, 'undefined')
+})
+
+test('return map generator', () => {
+  let map = postcss([() => {}]).process('a {}', {
+    map: { inline: false }
+  }).map
+  is(map instanceof SourceMapGenerator, true)
+})
+
+test('generate right source map', () => {
+  let css = 'a {\n  color: black;\n  }'
+  let processor = postcss((root: Root) => {
+    root.walkRules(rule => {
+      rule.selector = 'strong'
+    })
+    root.walkDecls(decl => {
+      decl.parent?.prepend(decl.clone({ prop: 'background', value: 'black' }))
+    })
+  })
+
+  let result = processor.process(css, {
+    from: 'a.css',
+    map: true,
+    to: 'b.css'
+  })
+  let map = read(result)
+
+  is(map.file, 'b.css')
+
+  equal(map.originalPositionFor({ column: 0, line: 1 }), {
+    column: 0,
+    line: 1,
+    name: null,
+    source: 'a.css'
+  })
+  equal(map.originalPositionFor({ column: 2, line: 1 }), {
+    column: 0,
+    line: 1,
+    name: null,
+    source: 'a.css'
+  })
+  equal(map.originalPositionFor({ column: 2, line: 2 }), {
+    column: 2,
+    line: 2,
+    name: null,
+    source: 'a.css'
+  })
+  equal(map.originalPositionFor({ column: 2, line: 3 }), {
+    column: 2,
+    line: 2,
+    name: null,
+    source: 'a.css'
+  })
+  equal(map.originalPositionFor({ column: 14, line: 3 }), {
+    column: 14,
+    line: 2,
+    name: null,
+    source: 'a.css'
+  })
+  equal(map.originalPositionFor({ column: 2, line: 4 }), {
+    column: 2,
+    line: 3,
+    name: null,
+    source: 'a.css'
+  })
+})
+
+test('generates right source map for @layer', () => {
+  let css = '@layer extensions {\n  @layer one, two\n}'
+  let processor = postcss(() => {
+    /* noop */
+  })
+
+  let result = processor.process(css, {
+    from: 'a.css',
+    map: true,
+    to: 'b.css'
+  })
+
+  read(result)
+})
+
+test('changes previous source map', () => {
+  let css = 'a { color: black }'
+
+  let doubled = doubler.process(css, {
+    from: 'a.css',
+    map: { inline: false },
+    to: 'b.css'
+  })
+
+  let lighted = lighter.process(doubled.css, {
+    from: 'b.css',
+    map: { prev: doubled.map },
+    to: 'c.css'
+  })
+
+  let map = consumer(lighted.map)
+  equal(map.originalPositionFor({ column: 18, line: 1 }), {
+    column: 4,
+    line: 1,
+    name: null,
+    source: 'a.css'
+  })
+})
+
+test('adds source map annotation', () => {
+  let css = 'a { }/*# sourceMappingURL=a.css.map */'
+  let result = postcss([() => {}]).process(css, {
+    from: 'a.css',
+    map: { inline: false },
+    to: 'b.css'
+  })
+
+  is(result.css, 'a { }\n/*# sourceMappingURL=b.css.map */')
+})
+
+test('misses source map annotation, if user ask', () => {
+  let css = 'a { }'
+  let result = postcss([() => {}]).process(css, {
+    from: 'a.css',
+    map: { annotation: false },
+    to: 'b.css'
+  })
+
+  is(result.css, css)
+})
+
+test('misses source map annotation, if previous map missed it', () => {
+  let css = 'a { }'
+
+  let step1 = postcss([() => {}]).process(css, {
+    from: 'a.css',
+    map: { annotation: false },
+    to: 'b.css'
+  })
+
+  let step2 = postcss([() => {}]).process(step1.css, {
+    from: 'b.css',
+    map: { prev: step1.map },
+    to: 'c.css'
+  })
+
+  is(step2.css, css)
+})
+
+test('uses user path in annotation, relative to options.to', () => {
+  let result = postcss([() => {}]).process('a { }', {
+    from: 'source/a.css',
+    map: { annotation: 'maps/b.map' },
+    to: 'build/b.css'
+  })
+
+  is(result.css, 'a { }\n/*# sourceMappingURL=maps/b.map */')
+  let map = consumer(result.map)
+
+  is(map.file, join('..', 'b.css'))
+  is(
+    map.originalPositionFor({ column: 0, line: 1 }).source,
+    '../../source/a.css'
+  )
+})
+
+test('generates inline map', () => {
+  let css = 'a { }'
+
+  let inline = postcss([() => {}]).process(css, {
+    from: 'a.css',
+    map: { inline: true },
+    to: 'b.css'
+  })
+
+  type(inline.map, 'undefined')
+  match(inline.css, /# sourceMappingURL=data:/)
+
+  let separated = postcss([() => {}]).process(css, {
+    from: 'a.css',
+    map: { inline: false },
+    to: 'b.css'
+  })
+
+  let base64 = Buffer.from(separated.map.toString()).toString('base64')
+  let end = inline.css.slice(-base64.length - 3)
+  is(end, base64 + ' */')
+})
+
+test('generates inline map by default', () => {
+  let inline = postcss([() => {}]).process('a { }', {
+    from: 'a.css',
+    map: true,
+    to: 'b.css'
+  })
+  match(inline.css, /# sourceMappingURL=data:/)
+})
+
+test('generates separated map if previous map was not inlined', () => {
+  let step1 = doubler.process('a { color: black }', {
+    from: 'a.css',
+    map: { inline: false },
+    to: 'b.css'
+  })
+  let step2 = lighter.process(step1.css, {
+    from: 'b.css',
+    map: { prev: step1.map },
+    to: 'c.css'
+  })
+
+  type(step2.map, 'object')
+})
+
+test('generates separated map on annotation option', () => {
+  let result = postcss([() => {}]).process('a { }', {
+    from: 'a.css',
+    map: { annotation: false },
+    to: 'b.css'
+  })
+
+  type(result.map, 'object')
+})
+
+test('allows change map type', () => {
+  let step1 = postcss([() => {}]).process('a { }', {
+    from: 'a.css',
+    map: { inline: true },
+    to: 'b.css'
+  })
+
+  let step2 = postcss([() => {}]).process(step1.css, {
+    from: 'b.css',
+    map: { inline: false },
+    to: 'c.css'
+  })
+
+  type(step2.map, 'object')
+  match(step2.css, /# sourceMappingURL=c\.css\.map/)
+})
+
+test('misses check files on requires', () => {
+  mkdirSync(dir)
+  let file = join(dir, 'a.css')
+
+  let step1 = doubler.process('a { }', {
+    from: 'a.css',
+    map: { inline: false },
+    to: file
+  })
+
+  writeFileSync(file + '.map', step1.map.toString())
+  let step2 = lighter.process(step1.css, {
+    from: file,
+    map: false,
+    to: 'b.css'
+  })
+
+  type(step2.map, 'undefined')
+})
+
+test('works in subdirs', () => {
+  let result = doubler.process('a { }', {
+    from: 'from/a.css',
+    map: { inline: false },
+    to: 'out/b.css'
+  })
+
+  match(result.css, /sourceMappingURL=b.css.map/)
+
+  let map = consumer(result.map)
+  is(map.file, 'b.css')
+  equal(map.sources, ['../from/a.css'])
+})
+
+test('uses map from subdir', () => {
+  let step1 = doubler.process('a { }', {
+    from: 'a.css',
+    map: { inline: false },
+    to: 'out/b.css'
+  })
+
+  let step2 = doubler.process(step1.css, {
+    from: 'out/b.css',
+    map: { prev: step1.map },
+    to: 'out/two/c.css'
+  })
+
+  let source = consumer(step2.map).originalPositionFor({
+    column: 0,
+    line: 1
+  }).source
+  is(source, '../../a.css')
+
+  let step3 = doubler.process(step2.css, {
+    from: 'c.css',
+    map: { prev: step2.map },
+    to: 'd.css'
+  })
+
+  source = consumer(step3.map).originalPositionFor({
+    column: 0,
+    line: 1
+  }).source
+  is(source, '../../a.css')
+})
+
+test('uses map from subdir if it inlined', () => {
+  let step1 = doubler.process('a { }', {
+    from: 'a.css',
+    map: true,
+    to: 'out/b.css'
+  })
+
+  let step2 = doubler.process(step1.css, {
+    from: 'out/b.css',
+    map: { inline: false },
+    to: 'out/two/c.css'
+  })
+
+  let source = consumer(step2.map).originalPositionFor({
+    column: 0,
+    line: 1
+  }).source
+  is(source, '../../a.css')
+})
+
+test('uses map from subdir if it written as a file', () => {
+  let step1 = doubler.process('a { }', {
+    from: 'source/a.css',
+    map: { annotation: 'maps/b.css.map', inline: false },
+    to: 'one/b.css'
+  })
+
+  let source = consumer(step1.map).originalPositionFor({
+    column: 0,
+    line: 1
+  }).source
+  is(source, '../../source/a.css')
+
+  let file = join(dir, 'one', 'maps', 'b.css.map')
+  mkdirSync(dir)
+  mkdirSync(join(dir, 'one'))
+  mkdirSync(join(dir, 'one', 'maps'))
+  writeFileSync(file, step1.map.toString())
+
+  let step2 = doubler.process(step1.css, {
+    from: join(dir, 'one', 'b.css'),
+    map: true,
+    to: join(dir, 'two', 'c.css')
+  })
+
+  source = consumer(step2.map).originalPositionFor({
+    column: 0,
+    line: 1
+  }).source
+  is(source, '../source/a.css')
+})
+
+test('works with different types of maps', () => {
+  let step1 = doubler.process('a { }', {
+    from: 'a.css',
+    map: { inline: false },
+    to: 'b.css'
+  })
+
+  let map = step1.map
+  let maps = [map, consumer(map), map.toJSON(), map.toString()]
+
+  for (let i of maps) {
+    let step2 = doubler.process(step1.css, {
+      from: 'b.css',
+      map: { prev: i },
+      to: 'c.css'
+    })
+    let source = consumer(step2.map).originalPositionFor({
+      column: 0,
+      line: 1
+    }).source
+    is(source, 'a.css')
+  }
+})
+
+test('sets source content by default', () => {
+  let result = doubler.process('a { }', {
+    from: 'a.css',
+    map: true,
+    to: 'out/b.css'
+  })
+
+  is(read(result).sourceContentFor('../a.css'), 'a { }')
+})
+
+test('misses source content on request', () => {
+  let result = doubler.process('a { }', {
+    from: 'a.css',
+    map: { sourcesContent: false },
+    to: 'out/b.css'
+  })
+
+  is(read(result).sourceContentFor('../a.css'), null)
+})
+
+test('misses source content if previous not have', () => {
+  let step1 = doubler.process('a { }', {
+    from: 'a.css',
+    map: { sourcesContent: false },
+    to: 'out/a.css'
+  })
+
+  let file1 = postcss.parse(step1.css, {
+    from: 'a.css',
+    map: { prev: step1.map }
+  })
+  let file2 = postcss.parse('b { }', { from: 'b.css', map: true })
+
+  if (file1.first) file2.append(file1.first.clone())
+  let step2 = file2.toResult({ map: true, to: 'c.css' })
+
+  is(read(step2).sourceContentFor('b.css'), null)
+})
+
+test('misses source content on request in multiple steps', () => {
+  let step1 = doubler.process('a { }', {
+    from: 'a.css',
+    map: { sourcesContent: true },
+    to: 'out/a.css'
+  })
+
+  let file1 = postcss.parse(step1.css, {
+    from: 'a.css',
+    map: { prev: step1.map }
+  })
+  let file2 = postcss.parse('b { }', { from: 'b.css', map: true })
+
+  if (file1.first) file2.append(file1.first.clone())
+  let step2 = file2.toResult({
+    map: { sourcesContent: false },
+    to: 'c.css'
+  })
+
+  let map = read(step2)
+  is(map.sourceContentFor('b.css'), null)
+  is(map.sourceContentFor('../a.css'), null)
+})
+
+test('detects input file name from map', () => {
+  let one = doubler.process('a { }', { map: true, to: 'a.css' })
+  let two = doubler.process(one.css, { map: { prev: one.map } })
+  is(two.root.first?.source?.input.file, resolve('a.css'))
+})
+
+test('works without file names', () => {
+  let step1 = doubler.process('a { }', { map: true })
+  let step2 = doubler.process(step1.css)
+  match(step2.css, /a { }\n\/\*/)
+})
+
+test('supports UTF-8', () => {
+  let step1 = doubler.process('a { }', {
+    from: 'вход.css',
+    map: true,
+    to: 'шаг1.css'
+  })
+  let step2 = doubler.process(step1.css, {
+    from: 'шаг1.css',
+    to: 'выход.css'
+  })
+
+  is(read(step2).file, 'выход.css')
+})
+
+test('generates map for node created manually', () => {
+  let contenter = postcss((css: Root) => {
+    if (css.first && css.first.type === 'rule') {
+      css.first.prepend({ selector: 'b' })
+    }
+  })
+  let result = contenter.process('a:after{\n}', { map: true })
+  let map = read(result)
+  equal(map.originalPositionFor({ column: 5, line: 2 }), {
+    column: 0,
+    line: 1,
+    name: null,
+    source: '<no source>'
+  })
+})
+
+test('uses input file name as output file name', () => {
+  let result = doubler.process('a{}', {
+    from: 'a.css',
+    map: { inline: false }
+  })
+  is(result.map.toJSON().file, 'a.css')
+})
+
+test('uses to.css as default output name', () => {
+  let result = doubler.process('a{}', { map: { inline: false } })
+  is(result.map.toJSON().file, 'to.css')
+})
+
+test('supports annotation comment in any place', () => {
+  let css = '/*# sourceMappingURL=a.css.map */a { }'
+  let result = postcss([() => {}]).process(css, {
+    from: 'a.css',
+    map: { inline: false },
+    to: 'b.css'
+  })
+
+  is(result.css, 'a { }\n/*# sourceMappingURL=b.css.map */')
+})
+
+test('does not update annotation on request', () => {
+  let css = 'a { }/*# sourceMappingURL=a.css.map */'
+  let result = postcss([() => {}]).process(css, {
+    from: 'a.css',
+    map: { annotation: false, inline: false },
+    to: 'b.css'
+  })
+
+  is(result.css, 'a { }/*# sourceMappingURL=a.css.map */')
+})
+
+test('clears source map', () => {
+  let css1 = postcss.root().toResult({ map: true }).css
+  let css2 = postcss.root().toResult({ map: true }).css
+
+  let root = postcss.root()
+  root.append(css1)
+  root.append(css2)
+
+  let css = root.toResult({ map: true }).css
+  is(css.match(/sourceMappingURL/g)?.length, 1)
+})
+
+test('uses Windows line separation too', () => {
+  let result = postcss([() => {}]).process('a {\r\n}', { map: true })
+  match(result.css, /a {\r\n}\r\n\/\*# sourceMappingURL=/)
+})
+
+test('`map.from` should override the source map sources', () => {
+  let result = postcss([() => {}]).process('a{}', {
+    map: {
+      from: 'file:///dir/a.css',
+      inline: false
+    }
+  })
+  equal(result.map.toJSON().sources, ['file:///dir/a.css'])
+})
+
+test('preserves absolute urls in `to`', () => {
+  let result = postcss([() => {}]).process('a{}', {
+    from: '/dir/to/a.css',
+    map: { inline: false },
+    to: 'http://example.com/a.css'
+  })
+  is(result.map.toJSON().file, 'http://example.com/a.css')
+})
+
+test('preserves absolute urls in sources', () => {
+  let result = postcss([() => {}]).process('a{}', {
+    from: 'file:///dir/a.css',
+    map: { inline: false },
+    to: 'http://example.com/a.css'
+  })
+  equal(result.map.toJSON().sources, ['file:///dir/a.css'])
+})
+
+test('uses absolute path on request', () => {
+  let result = postcss([() => {}]).process('a{}', {
+    from: '/dir/a.css',
+    map: { absolute: true, inline: false },
+    to: '/dir/b.css'
+  })
+  let root = '/'
+  if (process.platform === 'win32') {
+    root = '/' + parse(process.cwd()).root.replace(/\\/g, '/')
+  }
+  equal(result.map.toJSON().sources, [`file://${root}dir/a.css`])
+})
+
+test('preserves absolute urls in sources from previous map', () => {
+  let result1 = postcss([() => {}]).process('a{}', {
+    from: 'http://example.com/a.css',
+    map: true,
+    to: 'http://example.com/b.css'
+  })
+  let result2 = postcss([() => {}]).process(result1.css, {
+    map: {
+      inline: false
+    },
+    to: 'http://example.com/c.css'
+  })
+  is(result2.root.source?.input.file, 'http://example.com/b.css')
+  equal(result2.map.toJSON().sources, ['http://example.com/a.css'])
+})
+
+test('allows dynamic annotations', () => {
+  let result = postcss([() => {}]).process('a{}', {
+    map: {
+      annotation(to, root) {
+        let rule = root.first as Rule
+        return to + '-' + rule.selector + '.map'
+      }
+    },
+    to: 'out.css'
+  })
+  is(result.css, 'a{}\n/*# sourceMappingURL=out.css-a.map */')
+})
+
+test('uses URLs in sources', () => {
+  let result = postcss([() => {}]).process('a{}', {
+    from: 'a b.css',
+    map: { inline: false },
+    to: 'dir/b.css'
+  })
+  equal(result.map.toJSON().sources, ['../a%20b.css'])
+})
+
+test('generates correct inline map with empty processor', () => {
+  let result = postcss().process('a {} /*hello world*/', {
+    map: true
+  })
+
+  match(result.css, /a {} \/\*hello world\*\/\n\/\*# sourceMappingURL=/)
+})
+
+test('generates correct inline map and multiple comments', () => {
+  let css =
+    'a {}/*# sourceMappingURL=a.css.map */\n' +
+    '/*# sourceMappingURL=b.css.map */\n' +
+    'b {}\n/*# sourceMappingURL=c.css.map */'
+  let result = postcss().process(css, {
+    map: true
+  })
+
+  match(result.css, /a {}\nb {}\n\/\*# sourceMappingURL=/)
+})
+
+test('generates correct sources with empty processor', () => {
+  let result = postcss().process('a {} /*hello world*/', {
+    from: 'a.css',
+    map: { inline: false },
+    to: 'b.css'
+  })
+
+  equal(result.map.toJSON().sources, ['a.css'])
+})
+
+test('generates map object with empty processor', () => {
+  let result = postcss().process('a {} /*hello world*/', {
+    from: 'a.css',
+    map: true,
+    to: 'b.css'
+  })
+
+  let map = read(result)
+
+  equal(map.originalPositionFor({ column: 0, line: 1 }), {
+    column: 0,
+    line: 1,
+    name: null,
+    source: 'a.css'
+  })
+})
+
+test('supports previous map with empty processor', () => {
+  let result1 = postcss().process('a{}', {
+    from: '/a.css',
+    map: {
+      inline: false,
+      sourcesContent: true
+    },
+    to: '/b.css'
+  })
+  equal(result1.map.toJSON(), {
+    file: 'b.css',
+    mappings: 'AAAA',
+    names: [],
+    sources: ['a.css'],
+    sourcesContent: ['a{}'],
+    version: 3
+  })
+
+  let result2 = postcss().process(result1.css, {
+    from: '/b.css',
+    map: {
+      prev: result1.map
+    },
+    to: '/c.css'
+  })
+  equal(result2.map.toJSON().sources, ['a.css'])
+  equal(result2.map.toJSON().sourcesContent, ['a{}'])
+})
+
+test('supports previous inline map with empty processor', () => {
+  let result1 = postcss().process('a{}', {
+    from: '/a.css',
+    map: true,
+    to: '/b.css'
+  })
+  let result2 = postcss().process(result1.css, {
+    from: '/b.css',
+    to: '/c.css'
+  })
+  let root3 = postcss.parse(result2.css, { from: '/c.css' })
+  match((root3.source?.input.origin(1, 1) as any).file, 'a.css')
+})
+
+test('absolute sourcemaps have source contents', () => {
+  let result = postcss([() => {}]).process('a{}', {
+    from: '/dir/to/a.css',
+    map: {
+      absolute: true,
+      inline: false
+    }
+  })
+  equal(result.map.toJSON().sources, [
+    pathToFileURL('/dir/to/a.css').toString()
+  ])
+  equal(result.map.toJSON().sourcesContent, ['a{}'])
+})
+
+test.run()
diff --git a/test/mocha.opts b/test/mocha.opts
deleted file mode 100644
index 362a89961..000000000
--- a/test/mocha.opts
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,3 +0,0 @@
---inline-diffs
---reporter spec
---require ./index
diff --git a/test/no-work-result.test.ts b/test/no-work-result.test.ts
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..4fa71796a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/no-work-result.test.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,183 @@
+import { spy } from 'nanospy'
+import { SourceMapGenerator } from 'source-map-js'
+import { test } from 'uvu'
+import { equal, instance, is, not, throws, type } from 'uvu/assert'
+
+import NoWorkResult from '../lib/no-work-result.js'
+import parse from '../lib/parse.js'
+import postcss = require('../lib/postcss.js')
+import Processor from '../lib/processor.js'
+import stringify = require('../lib/stringify.js')
+
+let processor = new Processor()
+
+test('contains AST on root access', () => {
+  let result = new NoWorkResult(processor, 'a {}', { from: '/a.css' })
+  is(result.root.nodes.length, 1)
+})
+
+test('has async() method', async () => {
+  let noWorkResult = new NoWorkResult(processor, 'a {}', { from: '/a.css' })
+  let result1 = await noWorkResult
+  let result2 = await noWorkResult
+  equal(result1, result2)
+})
+
+test('has sync() method', () => {
+  let result = new NoWorkResult(processor, 'a {}', { from: '/a.css' }).sync()
+  is(result.root.nodes.length, 1)
+})
+
+test('throws error on sync()', () => {
+  let noWorkResult = new NoWorkResult(processor, 'a {', { from: '/a.css' })
+
+  try {
+    noWorkResult.root
+  } catch {}
+
+  throws(() => noWorkResult.sync(), 'AAA')
+})
+
+test('returns cached root on second access', () => {
+  let result = new NoWorkResult(processor, 'a {}', { from: '/a.css' })
+
+  result.root
+
+  is(result.root.nodes.length, 1)
+  not.throws(() => result.sync())
+})
+
+test('contains css', () => {
+  let result = new NoWorkResult(processor, 'a {}', { from: '/a.css' })
+  is(result.css, 'a {}')
+})
+
+test('stringifies css', () => {
+  let result = new NoWorkResult(processor, 'a {}', { from: '/a.css' })
+  equal(`${result}`, result.css)
+})
+
+test('has content alias for css', () => {
+  let result = new NoWorkResult(processor, 'a {}', { from: '/a.css' })
+  is(result.content, 'a {}')
+})
+
+test('has map only if necessary', () => {
+  let result1 = new NoWorkResult(processor, '', { from: '/a.css' })
+  type(result1.map, 'undefined')
+
+  let result2 = new NoWorkResult(processor, '', { from: '/a.css' })
+  type(result2.map, 'undefined')
+
+  let result3 = new NoWorkResult(processor, '', {
+    from: '/a.css',
+    map: { inline: false }
+  })
+  is(result3.map instanceof SourceMapGenerator, true)
+})
+
+test('contains simple properties', () => {
+  let result = new NoWorkResult(processor, 'a {}', {
+    from: '/a.css',
+    to: 'a.css'
+  })
+  instance(result.processor, Processor)
+  equal(result.opts, { from: '/a.css', to: 'a.css' })
+  equal(result.messages, [])
+  equal(result.warnings(), [])
+})
+
+test('executes on finally callback', () => {
+  let cb = spy()
+  return new NoWorkResult(processor, 'a {}', { from: '/a.css' })
+    .finally(cb)
+    .then(() => {
+      equal(cb.callCount, 1)
+    })
+})
+
+test('prints its object type', () => {
+  let result = new NoWorkResult(processor, 'a {}', { from: '/a.css' })
+  is(Object.prototype.toString.call(result), '[object NoWorkResult]')
+})
+
+test('no work result matches lazy result', async () => {
+  let source = '.foo { color: red }\n'
+
+  let noWorkResult = await postcss([]).process(source, {
+    from: 'foo.css',
+    map: false
+  })
+
+  let lazyResult = await postcss([]).process(source, {
+    from: 'foo.css',
+    map: false,
+    syntax: { parse, stringify }
+  })
+
+  equal(noWorkResult.css, lazyResult.css)
+})
+
+// https://github.com/postcss/postcss/issues/1911
+test('no work result matches lazy result when map is true', async () => {
+  let source = '.foo { color: red }\n'
+
+  let noWorkResult = await postcss([]).process(source, {
+    from: 'foo.css',
+    map: true
+  })
+
+  equal(
+    noWorkResult.css,
+    '.foo { color: red }\n\n/*# sourceMappingURL=data:application/json;base64,eyJ2ZXJzaW9uIjozLCJzb3VyY2VzIjpbImZvby5jc3MiXSwibmFtZXMiOltdLCJtYXBwaW5ncyI6IkFBQUEiLCJmaWxlIjoiZm9vLmNzcyIsInNvdXJjZXNDb250ZW50IjpbIi5mb28geyBjb2xvcjogcmVkIH1cbiJdfQ== */'
+  )
+
+  let lazyResult = await postcss([]).process(source, {
+    from: 'foo.css',
+    map: true,
+    syntax: { parse, stringify }
+  })
+
+  equal(
+    lazyResult.css,
+    '.foo { color: red }\n\n/*# sourceMappingURL=data:application/json;base64,eyJ2ZXJzaW9uIjozLCJzb3VyY2VzIjpbImZvby5jc3MiXSwibmFtZXMiOltdLCJtYXBwaW5ncyI6IkFBQUEsT0FBTyxXQUFXIiwiZmlsZSI6ImZvby5jc3MiLCJzb3VyY2VzQ29udGVudCI6WyIuZm9vIHsgY29sb3I6IHJlZCB9XG4iXX0= */'
+  )
+})
+
+test('no work result matches lazy result when the source contains an inline source map', async () => {
+  let source =
+    '.foo { color: red }\n\n/*# sourceMappingURL=data:application/json;base64,eyJ2ZXJzaW9uIjozLCJzb3VyY2VzIjpbImZvby5jc3MiXSwibmFtZXMiOltdLCJtYXBwaW5ncyI6IkFBQUEsT0FBTyxXQUFXIiwiZmlsZSI6ImZvby5jc3MiLCJzb3VyY2VzQ29udGVudCI6WyIuZm9vIHsgY29sb3I6IHJlZCB9XG4iXX0= */\n'
+
+  let noWorkResult = await postcss([]).process(source, {
+    from: 'foo.css',
+    map: false
+  })
+
+  let lazyResult = await postcss([]).process(source, {
+    from: 'foo.css',
+    map: false,
+    syntax: { parse, stringify }
+  })
+
+  equal(noWorkResult.css, lazyResult.css)
+})
+
+test('no work result matches lazy result when map is true and the source contains an inline source map', async () => {
+  let source =
+    '.foo { color: red }\n\n/*# sourceMappingURL=data:application/json;base64,eyJ2ZXJzaW9uIjozLCJzb3VyY2VzIjpbImZvby5jc3MiXSwibmFtZXMiOltdLCJtYXBwaW5ncyI6IkFBQUEsT0FBTyxXQUFXIiwiZmlsZSI6ImZvby5jc3MiLCJzb3VyY2VzQ29udGVudCI6WyIuZm9vIHsgY29sb3I6IHJlZCB9XG4iXX0= */\n'
+
+  let lazyResult = await postcss([]).process(source, {
+    from: 'bar.css',
+    map: true,
+    syntax: { parse, stringify }
+  })
+
+  let noWorkResult = await postcss([]).process(source, {
+    from: 'bar.css',
+    map: true
+  })
+
+  equal(noWorkResult.css, lazyResult.css)
+})
+
+test.run()
diff --git a/test/node.js b/test/node.js
deleted file mode 100644
index 3d9c9496d..000000000
--- a/test/node.js
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,444 +0,0 @@
-import CssSyntaxError from '../lib/css-syntax-error';
-import Declaration    from '../lib/declaration';
-import AtRule         from '../lib/at-rule';
-import parse          from '../lib/parse';
-import Node           from '../lib/node';
-import Root           from '../lib/root';
-import Rule           from '../lib/rule';
-
-import { expect } from 'chai';
-
-describe('Node', () => {
-
-    describe('error()', () => {
-
-        it('generates custom error', () => {
-            var css   = parse('a{}', { from: '/a.css' });
-            var error = css.first.error('Test');
-            expect(error).to.be.instanceOf(CssSyntaxError);
-            expect(error.message).to.eql('/a.css:1:1: Test');
-        });
-
-        it('generates custom error for nodes without source', () => {
-            var rule  = new Rule({ selector: 'a' });
-            var error = rule.error('Test');
-            expect(error.message).to.eql('<css input>: Test');
-        });
-
-    });
-
-    describe('removeSelf()', () => {
-
-        it('removes node from parent', () => {
-            var rule = new Rule({ selector: 'a' });
-            var decl = new Declaration({ prop: 'color', value: 'black' });
-            rule.append(decl);
-
-            decl.removeSelf();
-            expect(rule.nodes).to.be.empty;
-            expect(decl.parent).to.not.exist;
-        });
-
-    });
-
-    describe('replace()', () => {
-
-        it('inserts new node', () => {
-            var rule = new Rule({ selector: 'a' });
-            rule.append({ prop: 'color', value: 'black' });
-            rule.append({ prop: 'width', value: '1px' });
-            rule.append({ prop: 'height', value: '1px' });
-
-            var node   = new Declaration({ prop: 'min-width', value: '1px' });
-            var width  = rule.nodes[1];
-            var result = width.replace(node);
-
-            expect(result).to.eql(width);
-
-            expect(rule.toString()).to.eql('a {\n' +
-                                       '    color: black;\n' +
-                                       '    min-width: 1px;\n' +
-                                       '    height: 1px\n' +
-                                       '}');
-        });
-
-        it('inserts new root', () => {
-            var root = new Root();
-            root.append( new AtRule({ name: 'import', params: '"a.css"' }) );
-
-            var a = new Root();
-            a.append( new Rule({ selector: 'a' }) );
-            a.append( new Rule({ selector: 'b' }) );
-
-            root.first.replace(a);
-            expect(root.toString()).to.eql('a {}\nb {}');
-        });
-
-    });
-
-    describe('clone()', () => {
-
-        it('clones nodes', () => {
-            var rule = new Rule({ selector: 'a', after: '' });
-            rule.append({ prop: 'color', value: '/**/black', before: '' });
-
-            var clone = rule.clone();
-
-            expect(clone.parent).to.not.exist;
-
-            expect(rule.first.parent).to.equal(rule);
-            expect(clone.first.parent).to.equal(clone);
-
-            clone.append({ prop: 'z-index', value: '1' });
-            expect(rule.nodes.length).to.equal(1);
-        });
-
-        it('overrides properties', () => {
-            var rule  = new Rule({ selector: 'a' });
-            var clone = rule.clone({ selector: 'b' });
-            expect(clone.selector).to.eql('b');
-        });
-
-        it('cleans code style', () => {
-            var css = parse('@page 1{a{color:black;}}');
-            expect(css.clone().toString()).to.eql('@page 1 {\n' +
-                                                  '    a {\n' +
-                                                  '        color: black\n' +
-                                                  '    }\n' +
-                                                  '}');
-        });
-
-    });
-
-    describe('cloneBefore()', () => {
-
-        it('clones and insert before current node', () => {
-            var rule = new Rule({ selector: 'a', after: '' });
-            rule.append({ prop: 'z-index', value: '1', before: '' });
-
-            var result = rule.first.cloneBefore({ value: '2' });
-
-            expect(result).to.equal(rule.first);
-            expect(rule.toString()).to.eql('a {z-index: 2;z-index: 1}');
-        });
-
-    });
-
-    describe('cloneAfter()', () => {
-
-        it('clones and insert after current node', () => {
-            var rule = new Rule({ selector: 'a', after: '' });
-            rule.append({ prop: 'z-index', value: '1', before: '' });
-
-            var result = rule.first.cloneAfter({ value: '2' });
-
-            expect(result).to.equal(rule.last);
-            expect(rule.toString()).to.eql('a {z-index: 1;z-index: 2}');
-        });
-
-    });
-
-    describe('next()', () => {
-
-        it('returns next node', () => {
-            var css = parse('a{one:1;two:2}');
-            expect(css.first.first.next()).to.equal(css.first.last);
-            expect(css.first.last.next()).to.not.exist;
-        });
-
-    });
-
-    describe('prev()', () => {
-
-        it('returns previous node', () => {
-            var css = parse('a{one:1;two:2}');
-            expect(css.first.last.prev()).to.equal(css.first.first);
-            expect(css.first.first.prev()).to.not.exist;
-        });
-
-    });
-
-    describe('replaceWith()', () => {
-
-        it('replaces node', () => {
-            var css    = parse('a{one:1;two:2}');
-            var decl   = { prop: 'fix', value: 'fixed' };
-            var result = css.first.first.replaceWith(decl);
-
-            expect(result.prop).to.eql('one');
-            expect(result.parent).to.not.exist;
-            expect(css.toString()).to.eql('a{fix:fixed;two:2}');
-        });
-
-    });
-
-    describe('moveTo()', () => {
-
-        it('moves node between roots', () => {
-            var css1 = parse('a{one:1}b{two:2}');
-            var css2 = parse('c {\n thr: 3\n}');
-            css1.first.moveTo(css2);
-
-            expect(css1.toString()).to.eql('b{two:2}');
-            expect(css2.toString()).to.eql('c {\n thr: 3\n}\na {\n one: 1\n}');
-        });
-
-        it('moves node inside one root', () => {
-            var css = parse('a{\n one:1}\n@page {\n b {\n  two: 2\n }\n}');
-            css.first.moveTo(css.last);
-
-            expect(css.toString())
-                .to.eql('@page {\n b {\n  two: 2\n }\n a{\n  one:1\n }\n}');
-        });
-
-    });
-
-    describe('moveBefore()', () => {
-
-        it('moves node between roots', () => {
-            var css1 = parse('a{one:1}b{two:2}');
-            var css2 = parse('c {\n thr: 3\n}');
-            css1.first.moveBefore(css2.first);
-
-            expect(css1.toString()).to.eql('b{two:2}');
-            expect(css2.toString()).to.eql('a {\n one: 1\n}\nc {\n thr: 3\n}');
-        });
-
-        it('moves node inside one root', () => {
-            var css = parse('a{\n one:1}\n@page {\n b {\n  two: 2\n }\n}');
-            css.first.moveBefore(css.last.first);
-
-            expect(css.toString())
-                .to.eql('@page {\n a{\n  one:1\n }\n b {\n  two: 2\n }\n}');
-        });
-
-    });
-
-    describe('moveAfter()', () => {
-
-        it('moves node between roots', () => {
-            var css1 = parse('a{one:1}b{two:2}');
-            var css2 = parse('c {\n thr: 3\n}');
-            css1.first.moveAfter(css2.first);
-
-            expect(css1.toString()).to.eql('b{two:2}');
-            expect(css2.toString()).to.eql('c {\n thr: 3\n}\na {\n one: 1\n}');
-        });
-
-        it('moves node inside one root', () => {
-            var css = parse('a{\n one:1}\n@page {\n b {\n  two: 2\n }\n}');
-            css.first.moveAfter(css.last.first);
-
-            expect(css.toString())
-                .to.eql('@page {\n b {\n  two: 2\n }\n a{\n  one:1\n }\n}');
-        });
-
-    });
-
-    describe('toJSON()', () => {
-
-        it('cleans parents inside', () => {
-            var rule = new Rule({ selector: 'a' });
-            rule.append({ prop: 'color', value: 'b' });
-
-            var json = rule.toJSON();
-            expect(json.parent).to.not.exist;
-            expect(json.nodes[0].parent).to.not.exist;
-
-            expect(JSON.stringify(rule)).to.eql(
-                '{"type":"rule","nodes":[' +
-                    '{"type":"decl","prop":"color","value":"b"}' +
-                '],"selector":"a"}');
-        });
-
-    });
-
-    describe('style()', () => {
-
-        it('uses node style', () => {
-            var rule = new Rule({ selector: 'a', between: '\n' });
-            expect(rule.style('between', 'beforeOpen')).to.eql('\n');
-        });
-
-        it('hacks before for nodes without parent', () => {
-            var rule = new Rule({ selector: 'a' });
-            expect(rule.style('before')).to.eql('');
-        });
-
-        it('hacks before for first node', () => {
-            var root = new Root();
-            root.append(new Rule({ selector: 'a' }));
-            expect(root.first.style('before')).to.eql('');
-        });
-
-        it('hacks before for first decl', () => {
-            var decl = new Declaration({ prop: 'color', value: 'black' });
-            expect(decl.style('before')).to.eql('');
-
-            var rule = new Rule({ selector: 'a' });
-            rule.append(decl);
-            expect(decl.style('before')).to.eql('\n    ');
-        });
-
-        it('detects after style', () => {
-            var root = new Root();
-            root.append({ selector: 'a', after: ' ' });
-            root.first.append({ prop: 'color', value: 'black' });
-            root.append({ selector: 'a' });
-            expect(root.last.style('after')).to.eql(' ');
-        });
-
-        it('uses defaults without parent', () => {
-            var rule = new Rule({ selector: 'a' });
-            expect(rule.style('between', 'beforeOpen')).to.eql(' ');
-        });
-
-        it('uses defaults for unique node', () => {
-            var root = new Root();
-            root.append(new Rule({ selector: 'a' }));
-            expect(root.first.style('between', 'beforeOpen')).to.eql(' ');
-        });
-
-        it('clones style from first node', () => {
-            var root = new Root();
-            root.append( new Rule({ selector: 'a', between: '' }) );
-            root.append( new Rule({ selector: 'b' }) );
-
-            expect(root.last.style('between', 'beforeOpen')).to.eql('');
-        });
-
-        it('indents by default', () => {
-            var root = new Root();
-            root.append( new AtRule({ name: 'page' }) );
-            root.first.append( new Rule({ selector: 'a' }) );
-            root.first.first.append({ prop: 'color', value: 'black' });
-
-            expect(root.toString()).to.eql('@page {\n' +
-                                           '    a {\n' +
-                                           '        color: black\n' +
-                                           '    }\n' +
-                                           '}');
-        });
-
-        it('clones indent', () => {
-            var compress = parse('@page{ a{ } }');
-            var spaces   = parse('@page {\n  a {\n  }\n}');
-
-            compress.first.first.append({ prop: 'color', value: 'black' });
-            expect(compress.toString()).to.eql('@page{ a{ color: black } }');
-
-            spaces.first.first.append({ prop: 'color', value: 'black' });
-            expect(spaces.toString())
-                .to.eql('@page {\n  a {\n    color: black\n  }\n}');
-        });
-
-        it('clones indent by types', () => {
-            var css = parse('a {\n  color: black\n}\n\nb {\n}');
-            css.append(new Rule({ selector: 'em' }));
-            css.last.append({ prop: 'z-index', value: '1' });
-
-            expect(css.last.toString()).to.eql('\n\nem {\n  z-index: 1\n}');
-        });
-
-        it('clones indent by before and after', () => {
-            var css = parse('@page{\n\n a{\n  color: black}}');
-            css.first.append(new Rule({ selector: 'b' }));
-            css.first.last.append({ prop: 'z-index', value: '1' });
-
-            expect(css.first.last.toString()).to.eql('\n\n b{\n  z-index: 1}');
-        });
-
-        it('clones semicolon only from rules with children', () => {
-            var css = parse('a{}b{one:1;}');
-            expect(css.first.style('semicolon')).to.be.true;
-        });
-
-        it('clones only spaces in before', () => {
-            var css = parse('a{*one:1}');
-            css.first.append({ prop: 'two', value: '2' });
-            css.append({ name: 'keyframes', params: 'a' });
-            css.last.append({ selector: 'from'});
-            expect(css.toString())
-                .to.eql('a{*one:1;two:2}\n@keyframes a{\nfrom{}}');
-        });
-
-        it('clones only spaces in between', () => {
-            var css = parse('a{one/**/:1}');
-            css.first.append({ prop: 'two', value: '2' });
-            expect(css.toString()).to.eql('a{one/**/:1;two:2}');
-        });
-
-    });
-
-    describe('root()', () => {
-
-        it('returns root', () => {
-            var css = parse('@page{a{color:black}}');
-            expect(css.first.first.first.root()).to.equal(css);
-        });
-
-        it('returns parent of parents', () => {
-            var rule = new Rule({ selector: 'a' });
-            rule.append({ prop: 'color', value: 'black' });
-            expect(rule.first.root()).to.equal(rule);
-        });
-
-        it('returns self on root', () => {
-            var rule = new Rule({ selector: 'a' });
-            expect(rule.root()).to.equal(rule);
-        });
-
-    });
-
-    describe('cleanStyles()', () => {
-
-        it('cleans style recursivelly', () => {
-            var css = parse('@page{a{color:black}}');
-            css.cleanStyles();
-
-            expect(css.toString())
-                .to.eql('@page {\n    a {\n        color: black\n    }\n}');
-            expect(css.first.before).to.not.exist;
-            expect(css.first.first.firstbefore).to.not.exist;
-            expect(css.first.between).to.not.exist;
-            expect(css.first.first.first.between).to.not.exist;
-            expect(css.first.after).to.not.exist;
-        });
-
-        it('keeps between on request', () => {
-            var css = parse('@page{a{color:black}}');
-            css.cleanStyles(true);
-
-            expect(css.toString())
-                .to.eql('@page{\n    a{\n        color:black\n    }\n}');
-            expect(css.first.before).to.not.exist;
-            expect(css.first.first.firstbefore).to.not.exist;
-            expect(css.first.between).to.exist;
-            expect(css.first.first.first.between).to.exist;
-            expect(css.first.after).to.not.exist;
-        });
-
-    });
-
-    describe('stringifyRaw()', () => {
-        it('creates trimmed/raw property', () => {
-            var b = new Node();
-
-            b.one  = 'trim';
-            b._one = { value: 'trim', raw: 'raw' };
-            expect(b.stringifyRaw('one')).to.eql('raw');
-
-            b.one = 'trim1';
-            expect(b.stringifyRaw('one')).to.eql('trim1');
-        });
-
-        it('works without magic', () => {
-            var b = new Node();
-            b.one = '1';
-            expect(b.one).to.eql('1');
-            expect(b.stringifyRaw('one')).to.eql('1');
-        });
-
-    });
-
-});
diff --git a/test/node.test.ts b/test/node.test.ts
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..2155f0d5f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/node.test.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,969 @@
+import { resolve } from 'path'
+import { test } from 'uvu'
+import { equal, is, not, type } from 'uvu/assert'
+
+import postcss, {
+  AnyNode,
+  AtRule,
+  CssSyntaxError,
+  Declaration,
+  Document,
+  parse,
+  Plugin,
+  Result,
+  Root,
+  Rule
+} from '../lib/postcss.js'
+
+function stringify(node: AnyNode, builder: (str: string) => void): void {
+  if (node.type === 'rule') {
+    builder(node.selector)
+  }
+}
+
+test('error() generates custom error', () => {
+  let file = resolve('a.css')
+  let css = parse('a{}', { from: file })
+  let a = css.first as Rule
+  let error = a.error('Test')
+  is(error instanceof CssSyntaxError, true)
+  is(error.message, file + ':1:1: Test')
+})
+
+test('error() generates custom error for nodes without source', () => {
+  let rule = new Rule({ selector: 'a' })
+  let error = rule.error('Test')
+  is(error.message, '<css input>: Test')
+})
+
+test('error() highlights index', () => {
+  let root = parse('a { b: c }')
+  let a = root.first as Rule
+  let b = a.first as Declaration
+  let error = b.error('Bad semicolon', { index: 1 })
+  is(error.showSourceCode(false), '> 1 | a { b: c }\n' + '    |      ^')
+})
+
+test('error() highlights word', () => {
+  let root = parse('a { color: x red }')
+  let a = root.first as Rule
+  let color = a.first as Declaration
+  let error = color.error('Wrong color', { word: 'x' })
+  is(
+    error.showSourceCode(false),
+    '> 1 | a { color: x red }\n' + '    |            ^'
+  )
+})
+
+test('error() highlights word in multiline string', () => {
+  let root = parse('a { color: red\n           x }')
+  let a = root.first as Rule
+  let color = a.first as Declaration
+  let error = color.error('Wrong color', { word: 'x' })
+  is(
+    error.showSourceCode(false),
+    '  1 | a { color: red\n' + '> 2 |            x }\n' + '    |            ^'
+  )
+})
+
+test('warn() attaches a warning to the result object', async () => {
+  let warning: any
+  let warner: Plugin = {
+    Once(css, { result }) {
+      warning = css.first?.warn(result, 'FIRST!')
+    },
+    postcssPlugin: 'warner'
+  }
+
+  let result = await postcss([warner]).process('a{}', { from: undefined })
+  is(warning.type, 'warning')
+  is(warning.text, 'FIRST!')
+  is(warning.plugin, 'warner')
+  equal(result.warnings(), [warning])
+})
+
+test('warn() accepts options', () => {
+  let warner = (css: Root, result: Result): void => {
+    css.first?.warn(result, 'FIRST!', { index: 1 })
+  }
+
+  let result = postcss([warner]).process('a{}')
+  is(result.warnings().length, 1)
+  let warning = result.warnings()[0] as any
+  is(warning.index, 1)
+})
+
+test('remove() removes node from parent', () => {
+  let rule = new Rule({ selector: 'a' })
+  let decl = new Declaration({ prop: 'color', value: 'black' })
+  rule.append(decl)
+
+  decl.remove()
+  is(rule.nodes.length, 0)
+  type(decl.parent, 'undefined')
+})
+
+test('replaceWith() inserts new node', () => {
+  let rule = new Rule({ selector: 'a' })
+  rule.append({ prop: 'color', value: 'black' })
+  rule.append({ prop: 'width', value: '1px' })
+  rule.append({ prop: 'height', value: '1px' })
+
+  let node = new Declaration({ prop: 'min-width', value: '1px' })
+  let width = rule.nodes[1]
+  let result = width.replaceWith(node)
+
+  equal(result, width)
+  is(
+    rule.toString(),
+    'a {\n' +
+      '    color: black;\n' +
+      '    min-width: 1px;\n' +
+      '    height: 1px\n' +
+      '}'
+  )
+})
+
+test('replaceWith() inserts new root', () => {
+  let root = new Root()
+  root.append(new AtRule({ name: 'import', params: '"a.css"' }))
+
+  let a = new Root()
+  a.append(new Rule({ selector: 'a' }))
+  a.append(new Rule({ selector: 'b' }))
+
+  root.first?.replaceWith(a)
+  is(root.toString(), 'a {}\nb {}')
+})
+
+test('replaceWith() replaces node', () => {
+  let css = parse('a{one:1;two:2}')
+  let a = css.first as Rule
+  let one = a.first as Declaration
+  let result = one.replaceWith({ prop: 'fix', value: 'fixed' })
+
+  is(result.prop, 'one')
+  type(result.parent, 'undefined')
+  is(css.toString(), 'a{fix:fixed;two:2}')
+})
+
+test('replaceWith() can include itself', () => {
+  let css = parse('a{one:1;two:2}')
+  let a = css.first as Rule
+  let one = a.first as Declaration
+  let beforeDecl = { prop: 'fix1', value: 'fixedOne' }
+  let afterDecl = { prop: 'fix2', value: 'fixedTwo' }
+  one.replaceWith(beforeDecl, one, afterDecl)
+
+  is(css.toString(), 'a{fix1:fixedOne;one:1;fix2:fixedTwo;two:2}')
+})
+
+test('toString() accepts custom stringifier', () => {
+  is(new Rule({ selector: 'a' }).toString(stringify), 'a')
+})
+
+test('toString() accepts custom syntax', () => {
+  is(new Rule({ selector: 'a' }).toString({ stringify }), 'a')
+})
+
+test('assign() assigns to node', () => {
+  let decl = new Declaration({ prop: 'white-space', value: 'overflow-wrap' })
+
+  is(decl.prop, 'white-space')
+  is(decl.value, 'overflow-wrap')
+
+  decl.assign({ prop: 'word-wrap', value: 'break-word' })
+
+  is(decl.prop, 'word-wrap')
+  is(decl.value, 'break-word')
+})
+
+test('clone() clones nodes', () => {
+  let rule = new Rule({ selector: 'a' })
+  rule.append({ prop: 'color', value: '/**/black' })
+
+  let clone = rule.clone()
+
+  type(clone.parent, 'undefined')
+
+  equal(rule.first?.parent, rule)
+  equal(clone.first?.parent, clone)
+
+  clone.append({ prop: 'z-index', value: '1' })
+  is(rule.nodes.length, 1)
+})
+
+test('clone() overrides properties', () => {
+  let rule = new Rule({ selector: 'a' })
+  let clone = rule.clone({ selector: 'b' })
+  is(clone.selector, 'b')
+})
+
+test('clone() keeps code style', () => {
+  let css = parse('@page 1{a{color:black;}}')
+  is(css.clone().toString(), '@page 1{a{color:black;}}')
+})
+
+test('clone() works with null in raws', () => {
+  let decl = new Declaration({
+    prop: 'color',
+    // @ts-expect-error Testing invalid input
+    raws: { value: null },
+    value: 'black'
+  })
+  let clone = decl.clone()
+  equal(Object.keys(clone.raws), ['value'])
+})
+
+test('cloneBefore() clones and insert before current node', () => {
+  let rule = new Rule({ raws: { after: '' }, selector: 'a' })
+  rule.append({ prop: 'z-index', raws: { before: '' }, value: '1' })
+
+  let result = rule.first?.cloneBefore({ value: '2' })
+
+  equal(result, rule.first)
+  is(rule.toString(), 'a {z-index: 2;z-index: 1}')
+})
+
+test('cloneAfter() clones and insert after current node', () => {
+  let rule = new Rule({ raws: { after: '' }, selector: 'a' })
+  rule.append({ prop: 'z-index', raws: { before: '' }, value: '1' })
+
+  let result = rule.first?.cloneAfter({ value: '2' })
+
+  equal(result, rule.last)
+  is(rule.toString(), 'a {z-index: 1;z-index: 2}')
+})
+
+test('before() insert before current node', () => {
+  let rule = new Rule({ raws: { after: '' }, selector: 'a' })
+  rule.append({ prop: 'z-index', raws: { before: '' }, value: '1' })
+
+  let result = rule.first?.before('color: black')
+
+  equal(result, rule.last)
+  is(rule.toString(), 'a {color: black;z-index: 1}')
+})
+
+test('after() insert after current node', () => {
+  let rule = new Rule({ raws: { after: '' }, selector: 'a' })
+  rule.append({ prop: 'z-index', raws: { before: '' }, value: '1' })
+
+  let result = rule.first?.after('color: black')
+
+  equal(result, rule.first)
+  is(rule.toString(), 'a {z-index: 1;color: black}')
+})
+
+test('next() returns next node', () => {
+  let css = parse('a{one:1;two:2}')
+  let a = css.first as Rule
+  equal(a.first?.next(), a.last)
+  type(a.last?.next(), 'undefined')
+})
+
+test('next() returns undefined on no parent', () => {
+  let css = parse('')
+  type(css.next(), 'undefined')
+})
+
+test('prev() returns previous node', () => {
+  let css = parse('a{one:1;two:2}')
+  let a = css.first as Rule
+  equal(a.last?.prev(), a.first)
+  type(a.first?.prev(), 'undefined')
+})
+
+test('prev() returns undefined on no parent', () => {
+  let css = parse('')
+  type(css.prev(), 'undefined')
+})
+
+test('toJSON() cleans parents inside', () => {
+  let rule = new Rule({ selector: 'a' })
+  rule.append({ prop: 'color', value: 'b' })
+
+  let json = rule.toJSON() as any
+  type(json.parent, 'undefined')
+  type(json.nodes[0].parent, 'undefined')
+
+  is(
+    JSON.stringify(rule),
+    '{"raws":{},"selector":"a","type":"rule","nodes":[' +
+      '{"raws":{},"prop":"color","value":"b","type":"decl"}' +
+      '],"inputs":[]}'
+  )
+})
+
+test('toJSON() converts custom properties', () => {
+  let root = new Root() as any
+  root._cache = [1]
+  root._hack = {
+    toJSON() {
+      return 'hack'
+    }
+  }
+
+  equal(root.toJSON(), {
+    _cache: [1],
+    _hack: 'hack',
+    inputs: [],
+    nodes: [],
+    raws: {},
+    type: 'root'
+  })
+})
+
+test('toJSON() converts nodes in custom properties', () => {
+  let root = new Root() as any
+  root._cache = [1, { toJSON: () => 'hack' }]
+  root._node = new Rule({ selector: 'a' })
+
+  equal(root.toJSON(), {
+    _cache: [1, 'hack'],
+    _node: {
+      nodes: [],
+      raws: {},
+      selector: 'a',
+      type: 'rule'
+    },
+    inputs: [],
+    nodes: [],
+    raws: {},
+    type: 'root'
+  })
+})
+
+test('raw() has shortcut to stringifier', () => {
+  let rule = new Rule({ selector: 'a' })
+  is(rule.raw('before'), '')
+})
+
+test('root() returns root', () => {
+  let css = parse('@page{a{color:black}}')
+  let page = css.first as AtRule
+  let a = page.first as Rule
+  let color = a.first as Declaration
+  equal(color.root(), css)
+})
+
+test('root() returns parent of parents', () => {
+  let rule = new Rule({ selector: 'a' })
+  rule.append({ prop: 'color', value: 'black' })
+  equal(rule.first?.root(), rule)
+})
+
+test('root() returns self on root', () => {
+  let rule = new Rule({ selector: 'a' })
+  equal(rule.root(), rule)
+})
+
+test('root() returns root in document', () => {
+  let css = new Document({ nodes: [parse('@page{a{color:black}}')] })
+
+  let root = css.first as Root
+  let page = root.first as AtRule
+  let a = page.first as Rule
+  let color = a.first as Declaration
+  equal(color.root(), root)
+})
+
+test('root() on root in document returns same root', () => {
+  let document = new Document()
+  let root = new Root()
+  document.append(root)
+
+  equal(document.first?.root(), root)
+})
+
+test('root() returns self on document', () => {
+  let document = new Document()
+  equal(document.root(), document)
+})
+
+test('cleanRaws() cleans style recursivelly', () => {
+  let css = parse('@page{a{color:black}}')
+  css.cleanRaws()
+
+  is(css.toString(), '@page {\n    a {\n        color: black\n    }\n}')
+  let page = css.first as AtRule
+  let a = page.first as Rule
+  let color = a.first as Declaration
+  type(page.raws.before, 'undefined')
+  type(color.raws.before, 'undefined')
+  type(page.raws.between, 'undefined')
+  type(color.raws.between, 'undefined')
+  type(page.raws.after, 'undefined')
+})
+
+test('cleanRaws() keeps between on request', () => {
+  let css = parse('@page{a{color:black}}')
+  css.cleanRaws(true)
+
+  is(css.toString(), '@page{\n    a{\n        color:black\n    }\n}')
+  let page = css.first as AtRule
+  let a = page.first as Rule
+  let color = a.first as Declaration
+  not.type(page.raws.between, 'undefined')
+  not.type(color.raws.between, 'undefined')
+  type(page.raws.before, 'undefined')
+  type(color.raws.before, 'undefined')
+  type(page.raws.after, 'undefined')
+})
+
+test('positionInside() returns position when node starts mid-line', () => {
+  let css = parse('a {  one: X  }')
+  let a = css.first as Rule
+  let one = a.first as Declaration
+  equal(one.positionInside(6), { column: 12, line: 1, offset: 11 })
+})
+
+test('positionInside() returns position when before contains newline', () => {
+  let css = parse('a {\n  one: X}')
+  let a = css.first as Rule
+  let one = a.first as Declaration
+  equal(one.positionInside(6), { column: 9, line: 2, offset: 12 })
+})
+
+test('positionInside() returns position when node contains newlines', () => {
+  let css = parse('a {\n\tone: 1\n\t\tX\n3}')
+  let a = css.first as Rule
+  let one = a.first as Declaration
+  equal(one.positionInside(10), { column: 4, line: 3, offset: 15 })
+})
+
+test('positionInside() returns position after AST mutations', () => {
+  let css = parse('a {\n\tone: 1;\n\ttwo: 2;}')
+  let a = css.first as Rule
+  let one = a.first as Declaration
+  let two = one.next() as Declaration
+
+  equal(a.positionInside(15), { column: 3, line: 3, offset: 15 })
+  equal(two.positionInside(1), { column: 3, line: 3, offset: 15 })
+
+  one.remove()
+
+  equal(a.positionInside(15), { column: 3, line: 3, offset: 15 })
+  equal(two.positionInside(1), { column: 3, line: 3, offset: 15 })
+})
+
+test('positionInside() supports multi-root documents', () => {
+  let root = parse('a {} b {}', { document: '<style>a {} b {}</style>' })
+  is(root.source?.input.css, 'a {} b {}')
+  is(root.source?.input.document, '<style>a {} b {}</style>')
+
+  let a = root.first as Rule
+
+  // Offset the source location of `a` to mimic syntaxes like `postcss-html`
+  a.source = {
+    end: {
+      column: 12,
+      line: 1,
+      offset: 12
+    },
+    input: a.source!.input,
+    start: {
+      column: 8,
+      line: 1,
+      offset: 7
+    }
+  }
+
+  equal(a.positionInside(0), { column: 8, line: 1, offset: 7 })
+  equal(a.positionInside(1), { column: 9, line: 1, offset: 8 })
+})
+
+test('positionBy() returns position', () => {
+  let css = parse('a {  one: X  }')
+  let a = css.first as Rule
+  let one = a.first as Declaration
+  equal(one.positionBy(), { column: 6, line: 1, offset: 5 })
+  equal(a.positionBy(), { column: 1, line: 1, offset: 0 })
+})
+
+test('positionBy() returns position after AST mutations', () => {
+  let css = parse('a {\n\tone: 1;\n\ttwo: 2;}')
+  let a = css.first as Rule
+  let one = a.first as Declaration
+  let two = one.next() as Declaration
+
+  equal(a.positionBy(), { column: 1, line: 1, offset: 0 })
+  equal(two.positionBy(), { column: 2, line: 3, offset: 14 })
+
+  one.remove()
+
+  equal(a.positionBy(), { column: 1, line: 1, offset: 0 })
+  equal(two.positionBy(), { column: 2, line: 3, offset: 14 })
+})
+
+test('positionBy() returns position', () => {
+  let css = parse('a {  one: X  }')
+  let a = css.first as Rule
+  let one = a.first as Declaration
+  equal(one.positionBy(), { column: 6, line: 1, offset: 5 })
+  equal(a.positionBy(), { column: 1, line: 1, offset: 0 })
+})
+
+test('positionBy() returns position after AST mutations', () => {
+  let css = parse('a {\n\tone: 1;\n\ttwo: 2;}')
+  let a = css.first as Rule
+  let one = a.first as Declaration
+  let two = one.next() as Declaration
+
+  equal(a.positionBy(), { column: 1, line: 1, offset: 0 })
+  equal(two.positionBy(), { column: 2, line: 3, offset: 14 })
+
+  one.remove()
+
+  equal(a.positionBy(), { column: 1, line: 1, offset: 0 })
+  equal(two.positionBy(), { column: 2, line: 3, offset: 14 })
+})
+
+test('positionBy() returns position for word', () => {
+  let css = parse('a {  one: X  }')
+  let a = css.first as Rule
+  let one = a.first as Declaration
+  equal(one.positionBy({ word: 'one' }), { column: 6, line: 1, offset: 5 })
+  equal(one.positionBy({ word: 'X' }), { column: 11, line: 1, offset: 10 })
+  equal(a.positionBy({ word: '}' }), { column: 14, line: 1, offset: 13 })
+})
+
+test('positionBy() returns position for word after AST mutations', () => {
+  let css = parse('a {\n\tone: 1;\n\ttwo: 2;}')
+  let a = css.first as Rule
+  let one = a.first as Declaration
+  let two = one.next() as Declaration
+
+  equal(a.positionBy({ word: 'two' }), { column: 2, line: 3, offset: 14 })
+  equal(two.positionBy({ word: 'two' }), { column: 2, line: 3, offset: 14 })
+
+  one.remove()
+
+  equal(a.positionBy({ word: 'two' }), { column: 2, line: 3, offset: 14 })
+  equal(two.positionBy({ word: 'two' }), { column: 2, line: 3, offset: 14 })
+})
+
+test('positionBy() returns position when offset is missing', () => {
+  let css = parse('a {  one: X  }')
+  let a = css.first as Rule
+  let one = a.first as Declaration
+
+  // @ts-expect-error Testing non-standard AST
+  if (one.source?.start) delete one.source.start.offset
+
+  equal(one.positionBy(), { column: 6, line: 1, offset: 5 })
+})
+
+test('positionBy() returns position for index', () => {
+  let css = parse('a {  one: X  }')
+  let a = css.first as Rule
+  let one = a.first as Declaration
+  equal(one.positionBy({ index: 1 }), { column: 7, line: 1, offset: 6 })
+})
+
+test('positionBy() returns position for index after AST mutations', () => {
+  let css = parse('a {\n\tone: 1;\n\ttwo: 2;}')
+  let a = css.first as Rule
+  let one = a.first as Declaration
+  let two = one.next() as Declaration
+
+  equal(a.positionBy({ index: 15 }), { column: 3, line: 3, offset: 15 })
+  equal(two.positionBy({ index: 1 }), { column: 3, line: 3, offset: 15 })
+
+  one.remove()
+
+  equal(a.positionBy({ index: 15 }), { column: 3, line: 3, offset: 15 })
+  equal(two.positionBy({ index: 1 }), { column: 3, line: 3, offset: 15 })
+})
+
+test('positionBy() supports multi-root documents', () => {
+  let root = parse('a {} b {}', { document: '<style>a {} b {}</style>' })
+  is(root.source?.input.css, 'a {} b {}')
+  is(root.source?.input.document, '<style>a {} b {}</style>')
+
+  let a = root.first as Rule
+
+  // Offset the source location of `a` to mimic syntaxes like `postcss-html`
+  a.source = {
+    end: {
+      column: 12,
+      line: 1,
+      offset: 12
+    },
+    input: a.source!.input,
+    start: {
+      column: 8,
+      line: 1,
+      offset: 7
+    }
+  }
+
+  // `offset` is present because the `0` index returns `source.start`
+  equal(a.positionBy({ index: 0 }), { column: 8, line: 1, offset: 7 })
+  equal(a.positionBy({ index: 1 }), { column: 9, line: 1, offset: 8 })
+  equal(a.positionBy({ word: 'a' }), { column: 8, line: 1, offset: 7 })
+})
+
+test('rangeBy() returns range', () => {
+  let css = parse('a {  one: X  }')
+  let a = css.first as Rule
+  let one = a.first as Declaration
+  equal(one.rangeBy(), {
+    end: { column: 12, line: 1, offset: 11 },
+    start: { column: 6, line: 1, offset: 5 }
+  })
+})
+
+test('rangeBy() returns range when offsets are missing', () => {
+  let css = parse('a {  one: X  }')
+  let a = css.first as Rule
+  let one = a.first as Declaration
+
+  // @ts-expect-error Testing non-standard AST
+  if (one.source?.start) delete one.source.start.offset
+  // @ts-expect-error Testing non-standard AST
+  if (one.source?.end) delete one.source.end.offset
+
+  equal(one.rangeBy(), {
+    end: { column: 12, line: 1, offset: 11 },
+    start: { column: 6, line: 1, offset: 5 }
+  })
+})
+
+test('rangeBy() returns range for empty object even after AST mutations', () => {
+  let css = parse('a {\n\tone: 1;\n\ttwo: 2;}')
+  let a = css.first as Rule
+  let one = a.first as Declaration
+  let two = one.next() as Declaration
+
+  equal(a.rangeBy(), {
+    end: { column: 10, line: 3, offset: 22 },
+    start: { column: 1, line: 1, offset: 0 }
+  })
+  equal(two.rangeBy(), {
+    end: { column: 9, line: 3, offset: 21 },
+    start: { column: 2, line: 3, offset: 14 }
+  })
+
+  one.remove()
+
+  equal(a.rangeBy(), {
+    end: { column: 10, line: 3, offset: 22 },
+    start: { column: 1, line: 1, offset: 0 }
+  })
+  equal(two.rangeBy(), {
+    end: { column: 9, line: 3, offset: 21 },
+    start: { column: 2, line: 3, offset: 14 }
+  })
+})
+
+test('rangeBy() returns range', () => {
+  let css = parse('a {  one: X  }')
+  let a = css.first as Rule
+  let one = a.first as Declaration
+  equal(one.rangeBy(), {
+    end: { column: 12, line: 1, offset: 11 },
+    start: { column: 6, line: 1, offset: 5 }
+  })
+})
+
+test('rangeBy() returns range when offsets are missing', () => {
+  let css = parse('a {  one: X  }')
+  let a = css.first as Rule
+  let one = a.first as Declaration
+
+  // @ts-expect-error Testing non-standard AST
+  if (one.source?.start) delete one.source.start.offset
+  // @ts-expect-error Testing non-standard AST
+  if (one.source?.end) delete one.source.end.offset
+
+  equal(one.rangeBy(), {
+    end: { column: 12, line: 1, offset: 11 },
+    start: { column: 6, line: 1, offset: 5 }
+  })
+})
+
+test('rangeBy() returns range for empty object even after AST mutations', () => {
+  let css = parse('a {\n\tone: 1;\n\ttwo: 2;}')
+  let a = css.first as Rule
+  let one = a.first as Declaration
+  let two = one.next() as Declaration
+
+  equal(a.rangeBy(), {
+    end: { column: 10, line: 3, offset: 22 },
+    start: { column: 1, line: 1, offset: 0 }
+  })
+  equal(two.rangeBy(), {
+    end: { column: 9, line: 3, offset: 21 },
+    start: { column: 2, line: 3, offset: 14 }
+  })
+
+  one.remove()
+
+  equal(a.rangeBy(), {
+    end: { column: 10, line: 3, offset: 22 },
+    start: { column: 1, line: 1, offset: 0 }
+  })
+  equal(two.rangeBy(), {
+    end: { column: 9, line: 3, offset: 21 },
+    start: { column: 2, line: 3, offset: 14 }
+  })
+})
+
+test('rangeBy() returns range for word', () => {
+  let css = parse('a {  one: X  }')
+  let a = css.first as Rule
+  let one = a.first as Declaration
+  equal(one.rangeBy({ word: 'one' }), {
+    end: { column: 9, line: 1, offset: 8 },
+    start: { column: 6, line: 1, offset: 5 }
+  })
+})
+
+test('rangeBy() returns range for word when offsets are missing', () => {
+  let css = parse('a {  one: X  }')
+  let a = css.first as Rule
+  let one = a.first as Declaration
+
+  // @ts-expect-error Testing non-standard AST
+  if (one.source?.start) delete one.source.start.offset
+  // @ts-expect-error Testing non-standard AST
+  if (one.source?.end) delete one.source.end.offset
+
+  equal(one.rangeBy({ word: 'one' }), {
+    end: { column: 9, line: 1, offset: 8 },
+    start: { column: 6, line: 1, offset: 5 }
+  })
+})
+
+test('rangeBy() returns range for word even after AST mutations', () => {
+  let css = parse('a {\n\tone: 1;\n\ttwo: 2;}')
+  let a = css.first as Rule
+  let one = a.first as Declaration
+  let two = one.next() as Declaration
+
+  equal(a.rangeBy({ word: 'two' }), {
+    end: { column: 5, line: 3, offset: 17 },
+    start: { column: 2, line: 3, offset: 14 }
+  })
+  equal(two.rangeBy({ word: 'two' }), {
+    end: { column: 5, line: 3, offset: 17 },
+    start: { column: 2, line: 3, offset: 14 }
+  })
+
+  one.remove()
+
+  equal(a.rangeBy({ word: 'two' }), {
+    end: { column: 5, line: 3, offset: 17 },
+    start: { column: 2, line: 3, offset: 14 }
+  })
+  equal(two.rangeBy({ word: 'two' }), {
+    end: { column: 5, line: 3, offset: 17 },
+    start: { column: 2, line: 3, offset: 14 }
+  })
+})
+
+test('rangeBy() returns range for word even after AST mutations when offsets are missing', () => {
+  let css = parse('a {\n\tone: 1;\n\ttwo: 2;}')
+  let a = css.first as Rule
+  let one = a.first as Declaration
+  let two = one.next() as Declaration
+
+  // @ts-expect-error Testing non-standard AST
+  if (a.source?.start) delete a.source.start.offset
+  // @ts-expect-error Testing non-standard AST
+  if (a.source?.end) delete a.source.end.offset
+  // @ts-expect-error Testing non-standard AST
+  if (two.source?.start) delete two.source.start.offset
+  // @ts-expect-error Testing non-standard AST
+  if (two.source?.end) delete two.source.end.offset
+
+  equal(a.rangeBy({ word: 'two' }), {
+    end: { column: 5, line: 3, offset: 17 },
+    start: { column: 2, line: 3, offset: 14 }
+  })
+  equal(two.rangeBy({ word: 'two' }), {
+    end: { column: 5, line: 3, offset: 17 },
+    start: { column: 2, line: 3, offset: 14 }
+  })
+
+  one.remove()
+
+  equal(a.rangeBy({ word: 'two' }), {
+    end: { column: 5, line: 3, offset: 17 },
+    start: { column: 2, line: 3, offset: 14 }
+  })
+  equal(two.rangeBy({ word: 'two' }), {
+    end: { column: 5, line: 3, offset: 17 },
+    start: { column: 2, line: 3, offset: 14 }
+  })
+})
+
+test('rangeBy() returns range for start and end', () => {
+  let css = parse('a {  one: X  }')
+  let a = css.first as Rule
+  let one = a.first as Declaration
+  equal(
+    one.rangeBy({ end: { column: 9, line: 1 }, start: { column: 7, line: 1 } }),
+    {
+      end: { column: 9, line: 1, offset: 8 },
+      start: { column: 7, line: 1, offset: 6 }
+    }
+  )
+})
+
+test('rangeBy() returns range for start and end when offsets are missing', () => {
+  let css = parse('a {  one: X  }')
+  let a = css.first as Rule
+  let one = a.first as Declaration
+
+  // @ts-expect-error Testing non-standard AST
+  if (one.source?.start) delete one.source.start.offset
+  // @ts-expect-error Testing non-standard AST
+  if (one.source?.end) delete one.source.end.offset
+
+  equal(
+    one.rangeBy({ end: { column: 9, line: 1 }, start: { column: 7, line: 1 } }),
+    {
+      end: { column: 9, line: 1, offset: 8 },
+      start: { column: 7, line: 1, offset: 6 }
+    }
+  )
+})
+
+test('rangeBy() returns range for start and end after AST mutations', () => {
+  let css = parse('a {\n\tone: 1;\n\ttwo: 2;}')
+  let a = css.first as Rule
+  let one = a.first as Declaration
+  let two = one.next() as Declaration
+
+  equal(
+    a.rangeBy({ end: { column: 5, line: 3 }, start: { column: 3, line: 3 } }),
+    {
+      end: { column: 5, line: 3, offset: 17 },
+      start: { column: 3, line: 3, offset: 15 }
+    }
+  )
+  equal(
+    two.rangeBy({ end: { column: 5, line: 3 }, start: { column: 3, line: 3 } }),
+    {
+      end: { column: 5, line: 3, offset: 17 },
+      start: { column: 3, line: 3, offset: 15 }
+    }
+  )
+
+  one.remove()
+
+  equal(
+    a.rangeBy({ end: { column: 5, line: 3 }, start: { column: 3, line: 3 } }),
+    {
+      end: { column: 5, line: 3, offset: 17 },
+      start: { column: 3, line: 3, offset: 15 }
+    }
+  )
+  equal(
+    two.rangeBy({ end: { column: 5, line: 3 }, start: { column: 3, line: 3 } }),
+    {
+      end: { column: 5, line: 3, offset: 17 },
+      start: { column: 3, line: 3, offset: 15 }
+    }
+  )
+})
+
+test('rangeBy() returns range for index and endIndex', () => {
+  let css = parse('a {  one: X  }')
+  let a = css.first as Rule
+  let one = a.first as Declaration
+  equal(one.rangeBy({ endIndex: 3, index: 1 }), {
+    end: { column: 9, line: 1, offset: 8 },
+    start: { column: 7, line: 1, offset: 6 }
+  })
+})
+
+test('rangeBy() returns range for index 0', () => {
+  let css = parse('a {  one: X  }')
+  let a = css.first as Rule
+  let one = a.first as Declaration
+  equal(one.rangeBy({ index: 0 }), {
+    end: { column: 7, line: 1, offset: 6 },
+    start: { column: 6, line: 1, offset: 5 }
+  })
+})
+
+test('rangeBy() returns range for index and endIndex when offsets are missing', () => {
+  let css = parse('a {  one: X  }')
+  let a = css.first as Rule
+  let one = a.first as Declaration
+
+  // @ts-expect-error Testing non-standard AST
+  if (one.source?.start) delete one.source.start.offset
+  // @ts-expect-error Testing non-standard AST
+  if (one.source?.end) delete one.source.end.offset
+
+  equal(one.rangeBy({ endIndex: 3, index: 1 }), {
+    end: { column: 9, line: 1, offset: 8 },
+    start: { column: 7, line: 1, offset: 6 }
+  })
+})
+
+test('rangeBy() returns range for index and endIndex after AST mutations', () => {
+  let css = parse('a {\n\tone: 1;\n\ttwo: 2;}')
+  let a = css.first as Rule
+  let one = a.first as Declaration
+  let two = one.next() as Declaration
+
+  equal(a.rangeBy({ endIndex: 17, index: 15 }), {
+    end: { column: 5, line: 3, offset: 17 },
+    start: { column: 3, line: 3, offset: 15 }
+  })
+  equal(two.rangeBy({ endIndex: 3, index: 1 }), {
+    end: { column: 5, line: 3, offset: 17 },
+    start: { column: 3, line: 3, offset: 15 }
+  })
+
+  one.remove()
+
+  equal(a.rangeBy({ endIndex: 17, index: 15 }), {
+    end: { column: 5, line: 3, offset: 17 },
+    start: { column: 3, line: 3, offset: 15 }
+  })
+  equal(two.rangeBy({ endIndex: 3, index: 1 }), {
+    end: { column: 5, line: 3, offset: 17 },
+    start: { column: 3, line: 3, offset: 15 }
+  })
+})
+
+test('rangeBy() supports multi-root documents', () => {
+  let root = parse('a {} b {}', { document: '<style>a {} b {}</style>' })
+  is(root.source?.input.css, 'a {} b {}')
+  is(root.source?.input.document, '<style>a {} b {}</style>')
+
+  let a = root.first as Rule
+
+  // Offset the source location of `a` to mimic syntaxes like `postcss-html`
+  a.source = {
+    end: {
+      column: 12,
+      line: 1,
+      offset: 12
+    },
+    input: a.source!.input,
+    start: {
+      column: 8,
+      line: 1,
+      offset: 7
+    }
+  }
+
+  equal(a.rangeBy({ endIndex: 1, index: 0 }), {
+    end: { column: 9, line: 1, offset: 8 },
+    start: { column: 8, line: 1, offset: 7 }
+  })
+
+  equal(a.rangeBy({ word: 'a' }), {
+    end: { column: 9, line: 1, offset: 8 },
+    start: { column: 8, line: 1, offset: 7 }
+  })
+})
+
+test.run()
diff --git a/test/old-node.js b/test/old-node.js
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..9f674c4c1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/old-node.js
@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+// eslint-disable-next-line
+globalThis = Function('return this')()
+
+let Module = require('module')
+let path = require('path')
+let originalRequire = Module.prototype.require
+
+Module.prototype.require = function (request) {
+  if (request.startsWith('node:')) {
+    request = request.slice(5)
+  }
+  return originalRequire.call(this, request)
+}
+
+process.env.TS_NODE_COMPILER_OPTIONS = JSON.stringify({
+  moduleResolution: 'node'
+})
+
+require(
+  path.join(
+    process.cwd(),
+    'node_modules',
+    'ts-node',
+    'register',
+    'transpile-only'
+  )
+)
diff --git a/test/parse.js b/test/parse.js
deleted file mode 100644
index 8f681bcec..000000000
--- a/test/parse.js
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,189 +0,0 @@
-import Input from '../lib/input';
-import parse from '../lib/parse';
-import Root  from '../lib/root';
-
-import { expect } from 'chai';
-import   path     from 'path';
-import   fs       from 'fs';
-
-var read = file => fs.readFileSync(__dirname + '/cases/' + file);
-
-describe('postcss.parse()', () => {
-
-    it('works with file reads', () => {
-        var css = fs.readFileSync(__dirname + '/cases/atrule-empty.css');
-        expect(parse(css)).to.be.instanceOf(Root);
-    });
-
-    describe('empty file', () => {
-
-        it('parses UTF-8 BOM', () => {
-            var css = parse('\uFEFF@host { a {\f} }');
-            expect(css.first.before).to.eql('');
-        });
-
-        it('parses empty file', () => {
-            expect(parse('', { from: 'a.css' })).to.eql(new Root({
-                after: '',
-                source: {
-                    input: new Input('', { from: 'a.css' })
-                }
-            }));
-        });
-
-        it('parses spaces', () => {
-            expect(parse(' \n', { from: 'a.css' })).to.eql(new Root({
-                after: ' \n',
-                source: {
-                    input: new Input(' \n', { from: 'a.css' })
-                }
-            }));
-        });
-
-    });
-
-    fs.readdirSync(__dirname + '/cases/').forEach( (file) => {
-        if ( !file.match(/\.css$/) ) return;
-
-        it('parses ' + file, () => {
-            var css  = parse(read(file), { from: '/' + file });
-            var json = read(file.replace(/\.css$/, '.json')).toString().trim();
-            expect(JSON.stringify(css, null, 4)).to.eql(json);
-        });
-    });
-
-    it('saves source file', () => {
-        var css = parse('a {}', { from: 'a.css' });
-        expect(css.first.source.input.file).to.eql(path.resolve('a.css'));
-        expect(css.first.source.input.from).to.eql(path.resolve('a.css'));
-    });
-
-    it('saves source file on previous map', () => {
-        var root1 = parse('a {}', { map: { inline: true } });
-        var css   = root1.toResult({ map: { inline: true } }).css;
-        var root2 = parse(css);
-        expect(root2.first.source.input.file).to.eql(path.resolve('to.css'));
-    });
-
-    it('sets unique ID for file without name', () => {
-        var css1 = parse('a {}');
-        var css2 = parse('a {}');
-        expect(css1.first.source.input.id).to.match(/^<input css \d+>$/);
-        expect(css1.first.source.input.from).to.match(/^<input css \d+>$/);
-        expect(css2.first.source.input.id)
-            .to.not.eql(css1.first.source.input.id);
-    });
-
-    it('sets parent node', () => {
-        var css = parse(read('atrule-rules.css'));
-
-        var support   = css.first;
-        var keyframes = support.first;
-        var from      = keyframes.first;
-        var decl      = from.first;
-
-        expect(decl.parent).to.equal(from);
-        expect(from.parent).to.equal(keyframes);
-        expect(keyframes.parent).to.equal(support);
-        expect(support.parent).to.equal(css);
-    });
-
-    describe('errors', () => {
-
-        it('throws on unclosed blocks', () => {
-            expect( () => parse('\na {\n') ).to.throw(/:2:1: Unclosed block/);
-        });
-
-        it('fixes unclosed blocks in safe mode', () => {
-            expect(parse('@media (screen) { a {\n', { safe: true }).toString())
-                .to.eql('@media (screen) { a {\n}}');
-
-            expect(parse('a { color', { safe: true }).toString())
-                .to.eql('a { color}');
-
-            expect(parse('a { color: black', { safe: true }).first.first.prop)
-                .to.eql('color');
-        });
-
-        it('throws on unnecessary block close', () => {
-            expect( () => parse('a {\n} }') ).to.throw(/:2:3: Unexpected }/);
-        });
-
-        it('fixes unnecessary block close in safe mode', () => {
-            var root = parse('a {\n} }', { safe: true });
-            expect(root.first.toString()).to.eql('a {\n}');
-            expect(root.after).to.eql(' }');
-        });
-
-        it('throws on unclosed comment', () => {
-            expect( () => parse('\n/*\n ') ).to.throw(/:2:1: Unclosed comment/);
-        });
-
-        it('fixes unclosed comment in safe mode', () => {
-            var root = parse('a { /* b ', { safe: true });
-            expect(root.toString()).to.eql('a { /* b */}');
-            expect(root.first.first.text).to.eql('b');
-        });
-
-        it('throws on unclosed quote', () => {
-            expect( () => parse('\n"\n\na ') ).to.throw(/:2:1: Unclosed quote/);
-        });
-
-        it('fixes unclosed quote in safe mode', () => {
-            expect(parse('a { content: "b', { safe: true }).toString())
-                .to.eql('a { content: "b"}');
-        });
-
-        it('throws on unclosed bracket', () => {
-            expect( () => parse(':not(one() { }') )
-                .to.throw(/:1:5: Unclosed bracket/);
-        });
-
-        it('fixes unclosed bracket', () => {
-            expect(parse(':not(one() { }', { safe: true }).after)
-                .to.eql(':not(one() { }');
-        });
-
-        it('throws on property without value', () => {
-            expect( () => parse("a { b;}")   ).to.throw(/:1:5: Unknown word/);
-            expect( () => parse("a { b b }") ).to.throw(/:1:5: Unknown word/);
-        });
-
-        it('fixes property without value in safe mode', () => {
-            var root = parse('a { color: white; one }', { safe: true });
-            expect(root.first.nodes.length).to.eql(1);
-            expect(root.first.semicolon).to.be.true;
-            expect(root.first.after).to.eql(' one ');
-        });
-
-        it('fixes 2 properties in safe mode', () => {
-            var root = parse('a { one color: white; one }', { safe: true });
-            expect(root.first.nodes.length).to.eql(1);
-            expect(root.first.first.prop).to.eql('color');
-            expect(root.first.first.before).to.eql(' one ');
-        });
-
-        it('throws on nameless at-rule', () => {
-            expect( () => parse('@') ).to.throw(/:1:1: At-rule without name/);
-        });
-
-        it('fixes nameless at-rule in safe mode', () => {
-            var root = parse('@', { safe: true });
-            expect(root.first.type).to.eql('atrule');
-            expect(root.first.name).to.eql('');
-        });
-
-        it('throws on property without semicolon', () => {
-            expect( () => parse('a { one: 1 two: 2 }') )
-                .to.throw(/:1:10: Missed semicolon/);
-        });
-
-        it('fixes property without semicolon in safe mode', () => {
-            var root = parse('a { one: 1 two: 2 }', { safe: true });
-            expect(root.first.nodes.length).to.eql(2);
-            expect(root.toString()).to.eql('a { one: 1; two: 2 }');
-        });
-
-    });
-
-});
diff --git a/test/parse.test.ts b/test/parse.test.ts
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..06bde8385
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/parse.test.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,281 @@
+import { readFileSync } from 'fs'
+import { resolve } from 'path'
+import { eachTest, jsonify, testPath } from 'postcss-parser-tests'
+import { test } from 'uvu'
+import { equal, is, match, not, throws } from 'uvu/assert'
+
+import {
+  AtRule,
+  Declaration,
+  fromJSON,
+  parse,
+  Root,
+  Rule
+} from '../lib/postcss.js'
+
+test('works with file reads', () => {
+  let stream = readFileSync(testPath('atrule-empty.css'))
+  is(parse(stream) instanceof Root, true)
+})
+
+eachTest((name, css, json) => {
+  test(`parses ${name}`, () => {
+    css = css.replace(/\r\n/g, '\n')
+    let parsed = jsonify(parse(css, { from: name }))
+    equal(parsed, json)
+  })
+})
+
+test('parses UTF-8 BOM', () => {
+  let css = parse('\uFEFF@host { a {\f} }')
+  equal(css.nodes[0].raws.before, '')
+})
+
+test('should has true at hasBOM property', () => {
+  let css = parse('\uFEFF@host { a {\f} }')
+  is(css.first?.source?.input.hasBOM, true)
+})
+
+test('should has false at hasBOM property', () => {
+  let css = parse('@host { a {\f} }')
+  is(css.first?.source?.input.hasBOM, false)
+})
+
+test('parses carrier return', () => {
+  throws(() => {
+    parse('@font-face{ font:(\r/*);} body { a: "a*/)} a{}"}')
+  }, /:1:46: Unclosed string/)
+})
+
+test('saves source file', () => {
+  let css = parse('a {}', { from: 'a.css' })
+  is(css.first?.source?.input.css, 'a {}')
+  is(css.first?.source?.input.file, resolve('a.css'))
+  is(css.first?.source?.input.from, resolve('a.css'))
+})
+
+test('keeps absolute path in source', () => {
+  let css = parse('a {}', { from: 'http://example.com/a.css' })
+  is(css.first?.source?.input.file, 'http://example.com/a.css')
+  is(css.first?.source?.input.from, 'http://example.com/a.css')
+})
+
+test('saves source file on previous map', () => {
+  let root1 = parse('a {}', { map: { inline: true } })
+  let css = root1.toResult({ map: { inline: true } }).css
+  let root2 = parse(css)
+  is(root2.first?.source?.input.file, resolve('to.css'))
+})
+
+test('sets unique ID for file without name', () => {
+  let css1 = parse('a {}')
+  let css2 = parse('a {}')
+  match(String(css1.first?.source?.input.id), /^<input css [\w-]+>$/)
+  match(String(css1.first?.source?.input.from), /^<input css [\w-]+>$/)
+  is.not(css2.first?.source?.input.id, css1.first?.source?.input.id)
+})
+
+test('sets parent node', () => {
+  let file = testPath('atrule-rules.css')
+  let css = parse(readFileSync(file))
+
+  let support = css.first as AtRule
+  let keyframes = support.first as AtRule
+  let from = keyframes.first as Rule
+  let decl = from.first as Declaration
+
+  is(decl.parent, from)
+  is(from.parent, keyframes)
+  is(support.parent, css)
+  is(keyframes.parent, support)
+})
+
+test('ignores wrong close bracket', () => {
+  let root = parse('a { p: ()) }')
+  let a = root.first as Rule
+  let decl = a.first as Declaration
+  is(decl.value, '())')
+})
+
+test('parses unofficial --mixins', () => {
+  let root = parse(':root { --x { color: pink; }; }')
+  let rule = root.first as Rule
+  let prop = rule.first as Rule
+  is(prop.selector, '--x')
+})
+
+test('ignores symbols before declaration', () => {
+  let root = parse('a { :one: 1 }')
+  let a = root.first as Rule
+  let prop = a.first as Declaration
+  is(prop.raws.before, ' :')
+})
+
+test('parses double semicolon after rule', () => {
+  is(parse('a { };;').toString(), 'a { };;')
+})
+
+test('parses a functional property', () => {
+  let root = parse('a { b(c): d }')
+  let a = root.first as Rule
+  let b = a.first as Declaration
+
+  is(b.prop, 'b(c)')
+})
+
+test('parses a functional tagname', () => {
+  let root = parse('a { b(c): d {} }')
+  let a = root.first as Rule
+  let b = a.first as Rule
+
+  is(b.selector, 'b(c): d')
+})
+
+test('throws on unclosed blocks', () => {
+  throws(() => {
+    parse('\na {\n')
+  }, /:2:1: Unclosed block/)
+})
+
+test('throws on unnecessary block close', () => {
+  throws(() => {
+    parse('a {\n} }')
+  }, /:2:3: Unexpected }/)
+})
+
+test('throws on unclosed comment', () => {
+  throws(() => {
+    parse('\n/*\n ')
+  }, /:2:1: Unclosed comment/)
+})
+
+test('throws on unclosed quote', () => {
+  throws(() => {
+    parse('\n"\n\na ')
+  }, /:2:1: Unclosed string/)
+})
+
+test('throws on unclosed bracket', () => {
+  throws(() => {
+    parse(':not(one() { }')
+  }, /:1:5: Unclosed bracket/)
+})
+
+test('throws on property without value', () => {
+  throws(() => {
+    parse('a { b;}')
+  }, /:1:5: Unknown word/)
+  throws(() => {
+    parse('a { b b }')
+  }, /:1:5: Unknown word/)
+  throws(() => {
+    parse('a { b(); }')
+  }, /:1:5: Unknown word/)
+})
+
+test('throws on nameless at-rule', () => {
+  throws(() => {
+    parse('@')
+  }, /:1:1: At-rule without name/)
+})
+
+test('throws on property without semicolon', () => {
+  throws(() => {
+    parse('a { one: filter(a:"") two: 2 }')
+  }, /:1:21: Missed semicolon/)
+})
+
+test('throws on double colon', () => {
+  throws(() => {
+    parse('a { one:: 1 }')
+  }, /:1:9: Double colon/)
+})
+
+test('do not throws on comment in between', () => {
+  parse('a { b/* c */: 1 }')
+})
+
+test('throws on two words in between', () => {
+  throws(() => {
+    parse('a { b c: 1 }')
+  }, /:1:7: Unknown word/)
+})
+
+test('throws on just colon', () => {
+  throws(() => {
+    parse(':')
+  }, /:1:1: Unknown word/)
+  throws(() => {
+    parse(' : ')
+  }, /:1:2: Unknown word/)
+})
+
+test('does not suggest different parsers for CSS', () => {
+  let error: any
+  try {
+    parse('a { one:: 1 }', { from: 'app.css' })
+  } catch (e) {
+    error = e
+  }
+  not.match(error.message, /postcss-less|postcss-scss/)
+})
+
+test('suggests postcss-scss for SCSS sources', () => {
+  throws(() => {
+    parse('a { #{var}: 1 }', { from: 'app.scss' })
+  }, /postcss-scss/)
+})
+
+test('suggests postcss-sass for Sass sources', () => {
+  throws(() => {
+    parse('a\n  #{var}: 1', { from: 'app.sass' })
+  }, /postcss-sass/)
+})
+
+test('suggests postcss-less for Less sources', () => {
+  throws(() => {
+    parse('.@{my-selector} { }', { from: 'app.less' })
+  }, /postcss-less/)
+})
+
+test('should give the correct column of missed semicolon with !important', () => {
+  let error: any
+  try {
+    parse('a { \n    color: red !important\n    background-color: black;\n}')
+  } catch (e) {
+    error = e
+  }
+  match(error.message, /2:26: Missed semicolon/)
+})
+
+test('should give the correct column of missed semicolon without !important', () => {
+  let error: any
+  try {
+    parse('a { \n    color: red\n    background-color: black;\n}')
+  } catch (e) {
+    error = e
+  }
+  match(error.message, /2:15: Missed semicolon/)
+})
+
+test('does not overflow the stack on deeply nested nodes', () => {
+  let depth = 6000
+  let css = 'a{'.repeat(depth) + 'color:red' + '}'.repeat(depth)
+
+  let root = parse(css)
+  is(root.toString(), css)
+
+  let clone = root.clone()
+  is(clone.toString(), css)
+
+  let json = root.toJSON()
+  is(fromJSON(json).toString(), css)
+
+  let count = 0
+  root.walk(() => {
+    count += 1
+  })
+  is(count, depth + 1)
+})
+
+test.run()
diff --git a/test/postcss.js b/test/postcss.js
deleted file mode 100644
index 3b1fc1bb4..000000000
--- a/test/postcss.js
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,189 +0,0 @@
-import CssSyntaxError from '../lib/css-syntax-error';
-import postcss        from '../lib/postcss';
-import Result         from '../lib/result';
-import Root           from '../lib/root';
-
-import { expect } from 'chai';
-import   path     from 'path';
-
-describe('postcss()', () => {
-
-    it('creates plugins list', () => {
-        expect(postcss().plugins).to.eql([]);
-    });
-
-    it('saves plugins list', () => {
-        var a = () => 1;
-        var b = () => 2;
-        expect(postcss(a, b).plugins).to.eql([a, b]);
-    });
-
-    it('saves plugins list as array', () => {
-        var a = () => 1;
-        var b = () => 2;
-        expect(postcss([a, b]).plugins).to.eql([a, b]);
-    });
-
-    it('saves plugins object list', () => {
-        var a = () => 1;
-        expect(postcss({ postcss: a }).plugins).to.eql([a]);
-    });
-
-    describe('use()', () => {
-
-        it('adds new plugins', () => {
-            var a = () => 1;
-            var processor = postcss();
-            processor.use(a);
-            expect(processor.plugins).to.eql([a]);
-        });
-
-        it('adds new plugin by object', () => {
-            var a = () => 1;
-            var processor = postcss();
-            processor.use({ postcss: a });
-            expect(processor.plugins).to.eql([a]);
-        });
-
-        it('adds new plugin by object-function', () => {
-            var a   = () => 1;
-            var obj = () => 2;
-            obj.postcss = a;
-            var processor = postcss();
-            processor.use(obj);
-            expect(processor.plugins).to.eql([a]);
-        });
-
-        it('adds new processors of another postcss instance', () => {
-            var a = () => 1;
-            var processor = postcss();
-            var other     = postcss(a);
-            processor.use(other);
-            expect(processor.plugins).to.eql([a]);
-        });
-
-        it('returns itself', () => {
-            var a = () => 1;
-            var b = () => 2;
-            expect(postcss().use(a).use(b).plugins).to.eql([a, b]);
-        });
-
-    });
-
-    describe('process()', () => {
-        var processor = postcss( (css) => {
-            css.eachRule( (rule) => {
-                if ( !rule.selector.match(/::(before|after)/) ) return;
-                if ( !rule.some( i => i.prop == 'content' ) ) {
-                    rule.prepend({ prop: 'content', value: '""' });
-                }
-            });
-        });
-
-        it('processes CSS', () => {
-            var result = processor.process('a::before{top:0}');
-            expect(result.css).to.eql('a::before{content:"";top:0}');
-        });
-
-        it('processes parsed AST', () => {
-            var root   = postcss.parse('a::before{top:0}');
-            var result = processor.process(root);
-            expect(result.css).to.eql('a::before{content:"";top:0}');
-        });
-
-        it('processes previous result', () => {
-            var result = postcss().process('a::before{top:0}');
-            result = processor.process(result);
-            expect(result.css).to.eql('a::before{content:"";top:0}');
-        });
-
-        it('takes maps from previous result', () => {
-            var one = postcss().process('a{}', {
-                from: 'a.css',
-                to:   'b.css',
-                map: { inline: false }
-            });
-            var two = postcss().process(one, {
-                to:   'c.css',
-                map: { inline: false }
-            });
-            expect(two.map.toJSON().sources).to.eql(['a.css']);
-        });
-
-        it('throws with file name', () => {
-            var error;
-            try {
-                postcss().process('a {', { from: 'a.css' });
-            } catch (e) {
-                if ( e instanceof CssSyntaxError ) {
-                    error = e;
-                } else {
-                    throw e;
-                }
-            }
-
-            expect(error.file).to.eql(path.resolve('a.css'));
-            expect(error.message).to.match(/a.css:1:1: Unclosed block$/);
-        });
-
-        it('allows to replace Root', () => {
-            var processor = postcss( () => new Root() );
-            expect(processor.process('a {}').css).to.eql('');
-        });
-
-        it('returns Result object', () => {
-            var result = postcss().process('a{}');
-            expect(result).to.be.an.instanceOf(Result);
-            expect(result.css).to.eql(       'a{}');
-            expect(result.toString()).to.eql('a{}');
-        });
-
-        it('calls all plugins', () => {
-            var calls = '';
-            var a = () => calls += 'a';
-            var b = () => calls += 'b';
-
-            postcss(a, b).process('');
-            expect(calls).to.eql('ab');
-        });
-
-        it('parses, convert and stringify CSS', () => {
-            var a = (css) => expect(css).to.be.an.instanceof(Root);
-            expect(postcss(a).process('a {}').css).to.be.a('string');
-        });
-
-        it('send options to plugins', () => {
-            var a = (css, opts) => expect(opts).to.eql({ from: 'a.css' });
-            postcss(a).process('a {}', { from: 'a.css' });
-        });
-
-        it('accepts source map from PostCSS', () => {
-            var one = postcss().process('a{}', {
-                from: 'a.css',
-                to:   'b.css',
-                map:   { inline: false }
-            });
-            var two = postcss().process(one.css, {
-                from: 'b.css',
-                to:   'c.css',
-                map: { prev: one.map, inline: false }
-            });
-            expect(two.map.toJSON().sources).to.eql(['a.css']);
-        });
-
-    });
-
-    describe('.root()', () => {
-
-        it('allows to build own CSS', () => {
-            var root = postcss.root();
-            var rule = postcss.rule({ selector: 'a' });
-            rule.append( postcss.decl({ prop: 'color', value: 'black' }) );
-            root.append( rule );
-
-            expect(root.toString()).to.eql("a {\n    color: black\n}");
-        });
-
-    });
-
-});
diff --git a/test/postcss.test.ts b/test/postcss.test.ts
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..fddd982fe
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/postcss.test.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,192 @@
+import { restoreAll, spyOn } from 'nanospy'
+import { test } from 'uvu'
+import { equal, is, match, throws, type } from 'uvu/assert'
+
+import postcss = require('../lib/postcss.js')
+import postcssDefault, { PluginCreator, Root } from '../lib/postcss.js'
+import Processor from '../lib/processor.js'
+
+test.after.each(() => {
+  restoreAll()
+})
+
+test('default matches module.exports', () => {
+  is(postcss, postcssDefault)
+})
+
+test('creates plugins list', () => {
+  let processor = postcss()
+  is(processor instanceof Processor, true)
+  equal(processor.plugins, [])
+})
+
+test('saves plugins list', () => {
+  let a = (): void => {}
+  let b = (): void => {}
+  equal(postcss(a, b).plugins, [a, b])
+})
+
+test('saves plugins list as array', () => {
+  let a = (): void => {}
+  let b = (): void => {}
+  equal(postcss([a, b]).plugins, [a, b])
+})
+
+test('takes plugin from other processor', () => {
+  let a = (): void => {}
+  let b = (): void => {}
+  let c = (): void => {}
+  let other = postcss([a, b])
+  equal(postcss([other, c]).plugins, [a, b, c])
+})
+
+test('takes plugins from a a plugin returning a processor', () => {
+  let a = (): void => {}
+  let b = (): void => {}
+  let c = (): void => {}
+  let other = postcss([a, b])
+  let meta = (() => other) as PluginCreator<void>
+  meta.postcss = true
+  equal(postcss([other, c]).plugins, [a, b, c])
+})
+
+test('contains parser', () => {
+  is(postcss.parse('').type, 'root')
+})
+
+test('contains stringifier', () => {
+  type(postcss.stringify, 'function')
+})
+
+test('allows to build own CSS', () => {
+  let root = postcss.root({ raws: { after: '\n' } })
+  let comment = postcss.comment({ text: 'Example' })
+  let media = postcss.atRule({ name: 'media', params: 'screen' })
+  let rule = postcss.rule({ selector: 'a' })
+  let decl = postcss.decl({ prop: 'color', value: 'black' })
+
+  root.append(comment)
+  rule.append(decl)
+  media.append(rule)
+  root.append(media)
+
+  is(
+    root.toString(),
+    '/* Example */\n' +
+      '@media screen {\n' +
+      '    a {\n' +
+      '        color: black\n' +
+      '    }\n' +
+      '}\n'
+  )
+})
+
+test('allows to build own CSS with Document', () => {
+  let document = postcss.document()
+  let root = postcss.root({ raws: { after: '\n' } })
+  let comment = postcss.comment({ text: 'Example' })
+  let media = postcss.atRule({ name: 'media', params: 'screen' })
+  let rule = postcss.rule({ selector: 'a' })
+  let decl = postcss.decl({ prop: 'color', value: 'black' })
+
+  root.append(comment)
+  rule.append(decl)
+  media.append(rule)
+  root.append(media)
+  document.append(root)
+
+  is(
+    document.toString(),
+    '/* Example */\n' +
+      '@media screen {\n' +
+      '    a {\n' +
+      '        color: black\n' +
+      '    }\n' +
+      '}\n'
+  )
+})
+
+test('contains list module', () => {
+  equal(postcss.list.space('a b'), ['a', 'b'])
+})
+
+test('works with null', () => {
+  throws(() => {
+    // @ts-expect-error Testing invalid input
+    postcss([() => {}]).process(null).css
+  }, /PostCSS received null instead of CSS string/)
+})
+
+test('has deprecated method to create plugins', () => {
+  let warn = spyOn(console, 'warn', () => {})
+  let plugin = (postcss as any).plugin('test', (filter?: string) => {
+    return (root: Root) => {
+      root.walkDecls(filter ?? 'two', i => {
+        i.remove()
+      })
+    }
+  })
+
+  equal(warn.callCount, 0)
+
+  let func1: any = postcss(plugin).plugins[0]
+  is(func1.postcssPlugin, 'test')
+  match(func1.postcssVersion, /\d+.\d+.\d+/)
+  equal(warn.callCount, 1)
+
+  let func2: any = postcss(plugin()).plugins[0]
+  equal(func2.postcssPlugin, func1.postcssPlugin)
+  equal(func2.postcssVersion, func1.postcssVersion)
+
+  let result1 = postcss(plugin('one')).process('a{ one: 1; two: 2 }')
+  is(result1.css, 'a{ two: 2 }')
+
+  let result2 = postcss(plugin).process('a{ one: 1; two: 2 }')
+  is(result2.css, 'a{ one: 1 }')
+
+  equal(warn.callCount, 1)
+  match(warn.calls[0][0], /postcss\.plugin was deprecated/)
+})
+
+test('creates a shortcut to process css', async () => {
+  let warn = spyOn(console, 'warn', () => {})
+  let plugin = (postcss as any).plugin('test', (str?: string) => {
+    return (root: Root) => {
+      root.walkDecls(i => {
+        i.value = str ?? 'bar'
+      })
+    }
+  })
+
+  let result1 = plugin.process('a{value:foo}')
+  is(result1.css, 'a{value:bar}')
+
+  let result2 = plugin.process('a{value:foo}', {}, 'baz')
+  is(result2.css, 'a{value:baz}')
+
+  let result = await plugin.process('a{value:foo}', { from: 'a' }, 'baz')
+  equal(result.opts, { from: 'a' })
+  is(result.css, 'a{value:baz}')
+
+  equal(warn.callCount, 1)
+})
+
+test('does not call plugin constructor', () => {
+  let warn = spyOn(console, 'warn', () => {})
+  let calls = 0
+  let plugin = (postcss as any).plugin('test', () => {
+    calls += 1
+    return () => {}
+  })
+  is(calls, 0)
+
+  postcss(plugin).process('a{}')
+  is(calls, 1)
+
+  postcss(plugin()).process('a{}')
+  is(calls, 2)
+
+  equal(warn.callCount, 1)
+})
+
+test.run()
diff --git a/test/previous-map.js b/test/previous-map.js
deleted file mode 100644
index 33921a9b3..000000000
--- a/test/previous-map.js
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,119 +0,0 @@
-import parse from '../lib/parse';
-
-import   mozilla  from 'source-map';
-import   fs       from 'fs-extra';
-import { expect } from 'chai';
-
-var dir = __dirname + '/fixtures';
-var map = JSON.stringify({
-    version:  3,
-    file:     null,
-    sources:  [],
-    names:    [],
-    mappings: []
-});
-
-describe('PreviousMap', () => {
-    afterEach( () => {
-        if ( fs.existsSync(dir) ) fs.removeSync(dir);
-    });
-
-    it('misses property if no map', () => {
-        expect(parse('a{}')).to.not.have.property('prevMap');
-    });
-
-    it('creates property if map present', () => {
-        expect(parse('a{}', { map: { prev: map } }).prevMap.text).to.eql(map);
-    });
-
-    it('returns consumer', () => {
-        expect(parse('a{}', { map: { prev: map } }).prevMap.consumer())
-            .to.be.a.instanceOf(mozilla.SourceMapConsumer);
-    });
-
-    it('sets annotation property', () => {
-        var map2 = { map: { prev: map } };
-        expect(parse('a{}', map2).prevMap).to.not.have.property('annotation');
-        var root = parse('a{}/*# sourceMappingURL=a.css.map */', map2);
-        expect(root.prevMap.annotation).to.eql('a.css.map');
-    });
-
-    it('checks previous sources content', () => {
-        var map2 = {
-            version:  3,
-            file:     'b',
-            sources:  ['a'],
-            names:    [],
-            mappings: []
-        };
-
-        var opts = { map: { prev: map2 } };
-        expect(parse('a{}', opts).prevMap.withContent()).to.be.false;
-
-        map2.sourcesContent = ['a{}'];
-        expect(parse('a{}', opts).prevMap.withContent()).to.be.true;
-    });
-
-    it('decodes base64 maps', () => {
-        var b64 = new Buffer(map).toString('base64');
-        var css = "a{}\n" +
-                  `/*# sourceMappingURL=data:application/json;base64,${b64} */`;
-
-        expect(parse(css).prevMap.text).to.eql(map);
-    });
-
-    it('decodes URI maps', () => {
-        var uri = 'data:application/json,' + decodeURI(map);
-        var css = "a{}\n/*# sourceMappingURL=" + uri + " */";
-
-        expect(parse(css).prevMap.text).to.eql(map);
-    });
-
-    it('removes map on request', () => {
-        var uri = 'data:application/json,' + decodeURI(map);
-        var css = "a{}\n/*# sourceMappingURL=" + uri + " */";
-
-        expect(parse(css, { map: { prev: false } }))
-            .to.not.have.property('prevMap');
-    });
-
-    it('raises on unknown inline encoding', () => {
-        var css = "a { }\n" +
-                  "/*# sourceMappingURL=data:application/json;" +
-                  "md5,68b329da9893e34099c7d8ad5cb9c940*/";
-
-        expect( () => parse(css) )
-            .to.throw('Unsupported source map encoding md5');
-    });
-
-    it('raises on unknown map format', () => {
-        expect( () => parse('a{}', { map: { prev: 1 } }) )
-            .to.throw('Unsupported previous source map format: 1');
-    });
-
-    it('reads map from annotation', () => {
-        fs.outputFileSync(dir + '/a.map', map);
-        root = parse("a{}\n/*# sourceMappingURL=a.map */", {
-            from: dir + '/a.css'
-        });
-
-        expect(root.prevMap.text).to.eql(map);
-        expect(root.prevMap.root).to.eql(dir);
-    });
-
-    it('sets uniq name for inline map', () => {
-        var map2 = {
-            version:  3,
-            sources:  ['a'],
-            names:    [],
-            mappings: []
-        };
-
-        var opts = { map: { prev: map2 } };
-        var prev = parse('a{}', opts).prevMap;
-
-        expect(prev.file).to.match(/^<input css \d+>$/);
-        expect(prev.file).to.not.eql( parse('a{}', opts).prevMap.file );
-    });
-
-});
diff --git a/test/previous-map.test.ts b/test/previous-map.test.ts
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..5fa8b76bd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/previous-map.test.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,411 @@
+import {
+  existsSync,
+  lstatSync,
+  mkdirSync,
+  readdirSync,
+  rmdirSync,
+  unlinkSync,
+  writeFileSync
+} from 'fs'
+import { join } from 'path'
+import { SourceMapConsumer } from 'source-map-js'
+import { pathToFileURL } from 'url'
+import { test } from 'uvu'
+import { equal, is, match, not, throws, type } from 'uvu/assert'
+
+import { parse } from '../lib/postcss.js'
+
+let dir = join(__dirname, 'prevmap-fixtures')
+let mapObj = {
+  file: null,
+  mappings: '',
+  names: [],
+  sources: [],
+  version: 3
+}
+let map = JSON.stringify(mapObj)
+
+function deleteDir(path: string): void {
+  if (existsSync(path)) {
+    readdirSync(path).forEach(i => {
+      let file = join(path, i)
+      if (lstatSync(file).isDirectory()) {
+        deleteDir(file)
+      } else {
+        unlinkSync(file)
+      }
+    })
+    rmdirSync(path)
+  }
+}
+
+test.after.each(() => {
+  deleteDir(dir)
+})
+
+test('misses property if no map', () => {
+  type(parse('a{}').source?.input.map, 'undefined')
+})
+
+test('creates property if map present', () => {
+  let root = parse('a{}', { map: { prev: map } })
+  is(root.source?.input.map.text, map)
+})
+
+test('returns consumer', () => {
+  let obj = parse('a{}', { map: { prev: map } }).source?.input.map.consumer()
+  is(obj instanceof SourceMapConsumer, true)
+})
+
+test('sets annotation property', () => {
+  let mapOpts = { map: { prev: map } }
+
+  let root1 = parse('a{}', mapOpts)
+  type(root1.source?.input.map.annotation, 'undefined')
+
+  let root2 = parse('a{}/*# sourceMappingURL=a.css.map */', mapOpts)
+  is(root2.source?.input.map.annotation, 'a.css.map')
+})
+
+test('checks previous sources content', () => {
+  let map2: any = {
+    file: 'b',
+    mappings: '',
+    names: [],
+    sources: ['a'],
+    version: 3
+  }
+
+  let opts = { map: { prev: map2 } }
+  is(parse('a{}', opts).source?.input.map.withContent(), false)
+
+  map2.sourcesContent = ['a{}']
+  is(parse('a{}', opts).source?.input.map.withContent(), true)
+})
+
+test('decodes base64 maps', () => {
+  let b64 = Buffer.from(map).toString('base64')
+  let css =
+    'a{}\n' + `/*# sourceMappingURL=data:application/json;base64,${b64} */`
+
+  is(parse(css).source?.input.map.text, map)
+})
+
+test('decodes base64 UTF-8 maps', () => {
+  let b64 = Buffer.from(map).toString('base64')
+  let css =
+    'a{}\n/*# sourceMappingURL=data:application/json;' +
+    'charset=utf-8;base64,' +
+    b64 +
+    ' */'
+
+  is(parse(css).source?.input.map.text, map)
+})
+
+test('accepts different name for base64 maps with UTF-8 encoding', () => {
+  let b64 = Buffer.from(map).toString('base64')
+  let css =
+    'a{}\n/*# sourceMappingURL=data:application/json;' +
+    'charset=utf8;base64,' +
+    b64 +
+    ' */'
+
+  is(parse(css).source?.input.map.text, map)
+})
+
+test('decodes URI maps', () => {
+  let uri = 'data:application/json,' + decodeURI(map)
+  let css = `a{}\n/*# sourceMappingURL=${uri} */`
+
+  is(parse(css).source?.input.map.text, map)
+})
+
+test('decodes URI UTF-8 maps', () => {
+  let uri = decodeURI(map)
+  let css =
+    'a{}\n/*# sourceMappingURL=data:application/json;' +
+    'charset=utf-8,' +
+    uri +
+    ' */'
+
+  is(parse(css).source?.input.map.text, map)
+})
+
+test('accepts different name for URI maps with UTF-8 encoding', () => {
+  let uri = decodeURI(map)
+  let css =
+    'a{}\n/*# sourceMappingURL=data:application/json;' +
+    'charset=utf8,' +
+    uri +
+    ' */'
+
+  is(parse(css).source?.input.map.text, map)
+})
+
+test('removes map on request', () => {
+  let uri = 'data:application/json,' + decodeURI(map)
+  let css = `a{}\n/*# sourceMappingURL=${uri} */`
+
+  let input = parse(css, { map: { prev: false } }).source?.input
+  type(input?.map, 'undefined')
+})
+
+test('raises on unknown inline encoding', () => {
+  let css =
+    'a { }\n/*# sourceMappingURL=data:application/json;' +
+    'md5,68b329da9893e34099c7d8ad5cb9c940*/'
+
+  throws(() => {
+    parse(css)
+  }, 'Unsupported source map encoding md5')
+})
+
+test('raises on unknown map format', () => {
+  throws(() => {
+    // @ts-expect-error Invalid input
+    parse('a{}', { map: { prev: 1 } })
+  }, 'Unsupported previous source map format: 1')
+})
+
+test('reads map from annotation', () => {
+  let file = join(dir, 'a.map')
+  mkdirSync(dir)
+  writeFileSync(file, map)
+  let root = parse('a{}\n/*# sourceMappingURL=a.map */', { from: file })
+
+  is(root.source?.input.map.text, map)
+  is(root.source?.input.map.root, dir)
+})
+
+test('reads only the last map from annotation', () => {
+  let file = join(dir, 'c.map')
+  mkdirSync(dir)
+  writeFileSync(file, map)
+  let root = parse(
+    'a{}' +
+      '\n/*# sourceMappingURL=a.map */' +
+      '\n/*# sourceMappingURL=b.map */' +
+      '\n/*# sourceMappingURL=c.map */',
+    { from: file }
+  )
+
+  is(root.source?.input.map.text, map)
+  is(root.source?.input.map.root, dir)
+})
+
+test('sets unique name for inline map', () => {
+  let map2 = {
+    mappings: '',
+    names: [],
+    sources: ['a'],
+    version: 3
+  }
+
+  let opts = { map: { prev: map2 } }
+  let file1 = parse('a{}', opts).source?.input.map.file
+  let file2 = parse('a{}', opts).source?.input.map.file
+
+  match(String(file1), /^<input css [\w-]+>$/)
+  is.not(file1, file2)
+})
+
+test('accepts an empty mappings string', () => {
+  not.throws(() => {
+    let emptyMap = {
+      mappings: '',
+      names: [],
+      sources: [],
+      version: 3
+    }
+    parse('body{}', { map: { prev: emptyMap } })
+  })
+})
+
+test('accepts a function', () => {
+  let css = 'body{}\n/*# sourceMappingURL=a.map */'
+  let file = join(dir, 'previous-sourcemap-function.map')
+  mkdirSync(dir)
+  writeFileSync(file, map)
+  let opts = {
+    map: {
+      prev: () => file
+    }
+  }
+  let root = parse(css, opts)
+  is(root.source?.input.map.text, map)
+  is(root.source?.input.map.annotation, 'a.map')
+})
+
+test('calls function with opts.from', () => {
+  let css = 'body{}\n/*# sourceMappingURL=a.map */'
+  let file = join(dir, 'previous-sourcemap-function.map')
+  mkdirSync(dir)
+  writeFileSync(file, map)
+  parse(css, {
+    from: 'a.css',
+    map: {
+      prev: from => {
+        is(from, 'a.css')
+        return file
+      }
+    }
+  })
+})
+
+test('raises when function returns invalid path', () => {
+  let css = 'body{}\n/*# sourceMappingURL=a.map */'
+  let fakeMap = Number.MAX_SAFE_INTEGER.toString() + '.map'
+  let fakePath = join(dir, fakeMap)
+  let opts = {
+    map: {
+      prev: () => fakePath
+    }
+  }
+  throws(() => {
+    parse(css, opts)
+  }, 'Unable to load previous source map: ' + fakePath)
+})
+
+test('uses source map path as a root', () => {
+  let from = join(dir, 'a.css')
+  mkdirSync(dir)
+  mkdirSync(join(dir, 'maps'))
+  writeFileSync(
+    join(dir, 'maps', 'a.map'),
+    JSON.stringify({
+      file: 'test.css',
+      mappings: 'AACA,CAAC,CACG,GAAG,CAAC;EACF,KAAK,EAAE,GAAI;CACZ',
+      names: [],
+      sources: ['../../test.scss'],
+      version: 3
+    })
+  )
+  let root = parse(
+    '* div {\n  color: red;\n  }\n/*# sourceMappingURL=maps/a.map */',
+    { from }
+  )
+  equal(root.source?.input.origin(1, 4, 1, 6), {
+    column: 5,
+    endColumn: 8,
+    endLine: 3,
+    file: join(dir, '..', 'test.scss'),
+    line: 3,
+    url: pathToFileURL(join(dir, '..', 'test.scss')).href
+  })
+})
+
+test('does not load map from non-.map file', () => {
+  let from = join(dir, 'a.css')
+  mkdirSync(dir)
+  writeFileSync(join(dir, 'a.txt'), map)
+  let input = parse('a{}\n/*# sourceMappingURL=a.txt */', { from }).source
+    ?.input
+  type(input?.map, 'undefined')
+})
+
+test('does not load map from outside the from folder', () => {
+  let from = join(dir, 'subdir', 'a.css')
+  mkdirSync(dir)
+  mkdirSync(join(dir, 'subdir'))
+  writeFileSync(join(dir, 'outside.map'), map)
+  let input = parse('a{}\n/*# sourceMappingURL=../outside.map */', { from })
+    .source?.input
+  type(input?.map, 'undefined')
+})
+
+test('does not load relative map without from', () => {
+  let cwd = join(dir, 'subdir')
+  mkdirSync(dir)
+  mkdirSync(cwd)
+  writeFileSync(join(cwd, 'previous.map'), map)
+  let previousCwd = process.cwd()
+  try {
+    process.chdir(cwd)
+    let input = parse('a{}\n/*# sourceMappingURL=previous.map */').source?.input
+    type(input?.map, 'undefined')
+  } finally {
+    process.chdir(previousCwd)
+  }
+})
+
+test('loads map from outside the from folder with unsafeMap', () => {
+  let from = join(dir, 'subdir', 'a.css')
+  mkdirSync(dir)
+  mkdirSync(join(dir, 'subdir'))
+  writeFileSync(join(dir, 'outside.map'), map)
+  let input = parse('a{}\n/*# sourceMappingURL=../outside.map */', {
+    from,
+    unsafeMap: true
+  }).source?.input
+  is(input?.map.text, map)
+})
+
+test('uses current file path for source map', () => {
+  let root = parse('a{b:1}', {
+    from: join(__dirname, 'dir', 'subdir', 'a.css'),
+    map: {
+      prev: {
+        file: 'test.css',
+        mappings: 'AAAA,CAAC;EAAC,CAAC,EAAC,CAAC',
+        names: [],
+        sources: ['../test.scss'],
+        version: 3
+      }
+    }
+  })
+  equal(root.source?.input.origin(1, 1), {
+    column: 1,
+    endColumn: undefined,
+    endLine: undefined,
+    file: join(__dirname, 'dir', 'test.scss'),
+    line: 1,
+    url: pathToFileURL(join(__dirname, 'dir', 'test.scss')).href
+  })
+})
+
+test('works with non-file sources', () => {
+  let root = parse('a{b:1}', {
+    from: join(__dirname, 'dir', 'subdir', 'a.css'),
+    map: {
+      prev: {
+        file: 'test.css',
+        mappings: 'AAAA,CAAC;EAAC,CAAC,EAAC,CAAC',
+        names: [],
+        sources: ['http://example.com/test.scss'],
+        version: 3
+      }
+    }
+  })
+  equal(root.source?.input.origin(1, 1), {
+    column: 1,
+    endColumn: undefined,
+    endLine: undefined,
+    line: 1,
+    url: 'http://example.com/test.scss'
+  })
+})
+
+test('works with index map', () => {
+  let root = parse('body {\nwidth:100%;\n}', {
+    from: join(__dirname, 'a.css'),
+    map: {
+      prev: {
+        sections: [
+          {
+            map: {
+              mappings: 'AAAA;AACA;AACA;',
+              sources: ['b.css'],
+              sourcesContent: ['body {\nwidth:100%;\n}'],
+              version: 3
+            },
+            offset: { column: 0, line: 0 }
+          }
+        ],
+        version: 3
+      }
+    }
+  })
+  is((root as any).source.input.origin(1, 2).file, join(__dirname, 'b.css'))
+})
+
+test.run()
diff --git a/test/processor.test.ts b/test/processor.test.ts
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..74803073d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/processor.test.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,639 @@
+import { delay } from 'nanodelay'
+import { restoreAll, spyOn } from 'nanospy'
+import { resolve as pathResolve } from 'path'
+import { test } from 'uvu'
+import { equal, instance, is, match, not, throws, type } from 'uvu/assert'
+
+import CssSyntaxError from '../lib/css-syntax-error.js'
+import LazyResult from '../lib/lazy-result.js'
+import NoWorkResult from '../lib/no-work-result.js'
+import postcss, {
+  Document,
+  Node,
+  parse,
+  Parser,
+  Plugin,
+  PluginCreator,
+  Result,
+  Root,
+  Stringifier
+} from '../lib/postcss.js'
+import Processor from '../lib/processor.js'
+import Rule from '../lib/rule.js'
+
+test.after.each(() => {
+  restoreAll()
+})
+
+function prs(): Root {
+  return new Root({ raws: { after: 'ok' } })
+}
+
+function str(node: Node, builder: (s: string) => void): void {
+  builder(`${node.raws.after}!`)
+}
+
+async function catchError(cb: () => Promise<any>): Promise<Error> {
+  try {
+    await cb()
+  } catch (e) {
+    if (e instanceof Error) return e
+  }
+  throw new Error('Error was not thrown')
+}
+
+let beforeFix = new Processor([
+  (root: Root) => {
+    root.walkRules(rule => {
+      if (!rule.selector.match(/::(before|after)/)) return
+      if (!rule.some(i => i.type === 'decl' && i.prop === 'content')) {
+        rule.prepend({ prop: 'content', value: '""' })
+      }
+    })
+  }
+])
+
+test('adds new plugins', () => {
+  let a = (): void => {}
+  let processor = new Processor()
+  processor.use(a)
+  equal(processor.plugins, [a])
+})
+
+test('adds new plugin by object', () => {
+  let a = (): void => {}
+  let processor = new Processor()
+  processor.use({ postcss: a })
+  equal(processor.plugins, [a])
+})
+
+test('adds new plugin by object-function', () => {
+  let a = (): void => {}
+  let obj: any = () => {}
+  obj.postcss = a
+  let processor = new Processor()
+  processor.use(obj)
+  equal(processor.plugins, [a])
+})
+
+test('adds new processors of another postcss instance', () => {
+  let a = (): void => {}
+  let processor = new Processor()
+  let other = new Processor([a])
+  processor.use(other)
+  equal(processor.plugins, [a])
+})
+
+test('adds new processors from object', () => {
+  let a = (): void => {}
+  let processor = new Processor()
+  let other = new Processor([a])
+  processor.use({ postcss: other })
+  equal(processor.plugins, [a])
+})
+
+test('returns itself', () => {
+  let a = (): void => {}
+  let b = (): void => {}
+  let processor = new Processor()
+  equal(processor.use(a).use(b).plugins, [a, b])
+})
+
+test('throws on wrong format', () => {
+  let pr = new Processor()
+  throws(() => {
+    // @ts-expect-error Testing invalid API
+    pr.use(1)
+  }, /1 is not a PostCSS plugin/)
+})
+
+test('processes CSS', () => {
+  let result = beforeFix.process('a::before{top:0}')
+  is(result.css, 'a::before{content:"";top:0}')
+})
+
+test('processes parsed AST', () => {
+  let root = parse('a::before{top:0}')
+  let result = beforeFix.process(root)
+  is(result.css, 'a::before{content:"";top:0}')
+})
+
+test('processes previous result', () => {
+  let result = new Processor([() => {}]).process('a::before{top:0}')
+  result = beforeFix.process(result)
+  is(result.css, 'a::before{content:"";top:0}')
+})
+
+test('takes maps from previous result', () => {
+  let one = new Processor([() => {}]).process('a{}', {
+    from: 'a.css',
+    map: { inline: false },
+    to: 'b.css'
+  })
+  let two = new Processor([() => {}]).process(one, { to: 'c.css' })
+  equal(two.map.toJSON().sources, ['a.css'])
+})
+
+test('inlines maps from previous result', () => {
+  let one = new Processor([() => {}]).process('a{}', {
+    from: 'a.css',
+    map: { inline: false },
+    to: 'b.css'
+  })
+  let two = new Processor([() => {}]).process(one, {
+    map: { inline: true },
+    to: 'c.css'
+  })
+  type(two.map, 'undefined')
+})
+
+test('throws with file name', () => {
+  let error: CssSyntaxError | undefined
+  try {
+    new Processor([() => {}]).process('a {', { from: 'a.css' }).css
+  } catch (e) {
+    if (e instanceof CssSyntaxError) {
+      error = e
+    } else {
+      throw e
+    }
+  }
+
+  is(error?.file, pathResolve('a.css'))
+  match(String(error?.message), /a.css:1:1: Unclosed block$/)
+})
+
+test('allows to replace Root', () => {
+  let processor = new Processor([
+    (css, result) => {
+      result.root = new Root()
+    }
+  ])
+  is(processor.process('a {}').css, '')
+})
+
+test('returns LazyResult object', () => {
+  let result = new Processor([() => {}]).process('a{}')
+  is(result instanceof LazyResult, true)
+  is(result.css, 'a{}')
+  is(result.toString(), 'a{}')
+})
+
+test('calls all plugins once', async () => {
+  let calls = ''
+  let a = (): void => {
+    calls += 'a'
+  }
+  let b = (): void => {
+    calls += 'b'
+  }
+
+  let result = new Processor([a, b]).process('', { from: undefined })
+  result.css
+  result.map
+  result.root
+  await result
+  is(calls, 'ab')
+})
+
+test('parses, converts and stringifies CSS', () => {
+  is(
+    typeof new Processor([
+      (css: Root) => {
+        equal(css instanceof Root, true)
+      }
+    ]).process('a {}').css,
+    'string'
+  )
+})
+
+test('send result to plugins', () => {
+  let processor = new Processor([() => {}])
+  processor
+    .use((css, result) => {
+      is(result instanceof Result, true)
+      equal(result.processor, processor)
+      equal(result.opts, { map: true })
+      equal(result.root, css)
+    })
+    .process('a {}', { from: undefined, map: true })
+})
+
+test('accepts source map from PostCSS', () => {
+  let one = new Processor([() => {}]).process('a{}', {
+    from: 'a.css',
+    map: { inline: false },
+    to: 'b.css'
+  })
+  let two = new Processor([() => {}]).process(one.css, {
+    from: 'b.css',
+    map: { inline: false, prev: one.map },
+    to: 'c.css'
+  })
+  equal(two.map.toJSON().sources, ['a.css'])
+})
+
+test('supports async plugins', async () => {
+  let starts = 0
+  let finish = 0
+  let async1 = (css: Root): Promise<void> =>
+    new Promise<void>(resolve => {
+      starts += 1
+      setTimeout(() => {
+        equal(starts, 1)
+
+        css.append('a {}')
+        finish += 1
+        resolve()
+      }, 1)
+    })
+  let async2 = (css: Root): Promise<void> =>
+    new Promise<void>(resolve => {
+      equal(starts, 1)
+      equal(finish, 1)
+
+      starts += 1
+      setTimeout(() => {
+        css.append('b {}')
+        finish += 1
+        resolve()
+      }, 1)
+    })
+  let r = await new Processor([async1, async2]).process('', { from: 'a' })
+  is(starts, 2)
+  is(finish, 2)
+  is(r.css, 'a {}b {}')
+})
+
+test('works async without plugins', async () => {
+  let r = await new Processor([() => {}]).process('a {}', { from: 'a' })
+  is(r.css, 'a {}')
+})
+
+test('runs async plugin only once', async () => {
+  let calls = 0
+  let async = (): Promise<void> => {
+    return new Promise<void>(resolve => {
+      setTimeout(() => {
+        calls += 1
+        resolve()
+      }, 1)
+    })
+  }
+
+  let result = new Processor([async]).process('a {}', { from: undefined })
+  result.then(() => {})
+  await result
+  await result
+  is(calls, 1)
+})
+
+test('supports async errors', async () => {
+  let error = new Error('Async')
+  let async = (): Promise<void> => {
+    return new Promise<void>((resolve, reject) => {
+      reject(error)
+    })
+  }
+  let result = new Processor([async]).process('', { from: undefined })
+  let err1 = await catchError(async () => await result)
+  equal(err1, error)
+
+  let err2: unknown
+  result.catch((catched: unknown) => {
+    err2 = catched
+  })
+  await delay(10)
+  equal(err2, error)
+})
+
+test('supports sync errors in async mode', async () => {
+  let error = new Error('Async')
+  let async = (): void => {
+    throw error
+  }
+  let err = await catchError(() =>
+    new Processor([async]).process('', { from: undefined })
+  )
+  equal(err, error)
+})
+
+test('throws parse error in async', async () => {
+  let err = await catchError(() =>
+    new Processor([() => {}]).process('a{', { from: undefined })
+  )
+  is(err.message, '<css input>:1:1: Unclosed block')
+})
+
+test('throws error on sync method to async plugin', () => {
+  let async = (): Promise<void> => {
+    return new Promise<void>(resolve => {
+      resolve()
+    })
+  }
+  throws(() => {
+    new Processor([async]).process('a{}').css
+  }, /async/)
+})
+
+test('throws a sync call in async running', () => {
+  let async = (): Promise<void> =>
+    new Promise<void>(resolve => setTimeout(resolve, 1))
+
+  let processor = new Processor([async]).process('a{}', { from: 'a.css' })
+  processor.async()
+
+  throws(() => {
+    processor.sync()
+  }, /then/)
+})
+
+test('remembers errors', async () => {
+  let calls = 0
+  let plugin: Plugin = {
+    Once() {
+      calls += 1
+      throw new Error('test')
+    },
+    postcssPlugin: 'plugin'
+  }
+
+  let processing = postcss([plugin]).process('a{}', { from: undefined })
+
+  throws(() => {
+    processing.css
+  }, 'test')
+  throws(() => {
+    processing.css
+  }, 'test')
+  throws(() => {
+    processing.root
+  }, 'test')
+
+  let asyncError: any
+  try {
+    await processing
+  } catch (e) {
+    asyncError = e
+  }
+  is(asyncError.message, 'test')
+
+  is(calls, 1)
+})
+
+test('checks plugin compatibility', () => {
+  let error = spyOn(console, 'error', () => {})
+  let warn = spyOn(console, 'warn', () => {})
+
+  let plugin = (postcss as any).plugin('test', () => {
+    return () => {
+      throw new Error('Er')
+    }
+  })
+  let func = plugin()
+  equal(warn.callCount, 1)
+  func.postcssVersion = '2.1.5'
+
+  function processBy(version: string): void {
+    let processor = new Processor([func])
+    processor.version = version
+    processor.process('a{}').css
+  }
+
+  throws(() => {
+    processBy('1.0.0')
+  }, 'Er')
+  equal(error.callCount, 1)
+  equal(error.calls, [
+    [
+      'Unknown error from PostCSS plugin. ' +
+        'Your current PostCSS version is 1.0.0, but test uses 2.1.5. ' +
+        'Perhaps this is the source of the error below.'
+    ]
+  ])
+
+  throws(() => {
+    processBy('3.0.0')
+  }, 'Er')
+  equal(error.callCount, 2)
+
+  throws(() => {
+    processBy('2.0.0')
+  }, 'Er')
+  equal(error.callCount, 3)
+
+  throws(() => {
+    processBy('2.1.0')
+  }, 'Er')
+  equal(error.callCount, 3)
+})
+
+test('sets last plugin to result', async () => {
+  let plugin1 = (css: Root, result: Result): void => {
+    equal(result.lastPlugin, plugin1)
+  }
+  let plugin2 = (css: Root, result: Result): void => {
+    equal(result.lastPlugin, plugin2)
+  }
+
+  let processor = new Processor([plugin1, plugin2])
+  let result = await processor.process('a{}', { from: undefined })
+  equal(result.lastPlugin, plugin2)
+})
+
+test('uses custom parsers', async () => {
+  let processor = new Processor([])
+  let result = await processor.process('a{}', { from: undefined, parser: prs })
+  is(result.css, 'ok')
+})
+
+test('uses custom parsers from object', async () => {
+  let processor = new Processor([])
+  let syntax = { parse: prs, stringify: str }
+  let result = await processor.process('a{}', { from: 'a', parser: syntax })
+  equal(result.css, 'ok')
+})
+
+test('uses custom stringifier', async () => {
+  let processor = new Processor([])
+  let result = await processor.process('a{}', { from: 'a', stringifier: str })
+  is(result.css, '!')
+})
+
+test('uses custom stringifier from object', async () => {
+  let processor = new Processor([])
+  let syntax = { parse: prs, stringify: str }
+  let result = await processor.process('', { from: 'a', stringifier: syntax })
+  is(result.css, '!')
+})
+
+test('uses custom stringifier with source maps', async () => {
+  let processor = new Processor([])
+  let result = await processor.process('a{}', {
+    from: undefined,
+    map: true,
+    stringifier: str
+  })
+  match(result.css, /!\n\/\*# sourceMap/)
+})
+
+test('uses custom syntax', async () => {
+  let processor = new Processor([() => {}])
+  let result = await processor.process('a{}', {
+    from: undefined,
+    syntax: { parse: prs, stringify: str }
+  })
+  is(result.css, 'ok!')
+})
+
+test('contains PostCSS version', () => {
+  match(new Processor().version, /\d+.\d+.\d+/)
+})
+
+test('throws on syntax as plugin', () => {
+  let processor = new Processor([() => {}])
+  throws(() => {
+    processor.use({
+      // @ts-expect-error Testing invalid API
+      parse() {}
+    })
+  }, /syntax/)
+})
+
+test('warns about missed from', async () => {
+  let warn = spyOn(console, 'warn', () => {})
+  let processor = new Processor([() => {}])
+
+  processor.process('a{}').css
+  equal(warn.calls, [])
+
+  await processor.process('a{}')
+  equal(warn.calls, [
+    [
+      'Without `from` option PostCSS could generate wrong source map ' +
+        'and will not find Browserslist config. Set it to CSS file path ' +
+        'or to `undefined` to prevent this warning.'
+    ]
+  ])
+})
+
+test('returns NoWorkResult object', () => {
+  let result = new Processor().process('a{}')
+  instance(result, NoWorkResult)
+})
+
+test('without plugins parses CSS only on root access', async () => {
+  let noWorkResult = new Processor().process('a{}')
+  let result = await noWorkResult
+  // @ts-expect-error Testing private API
+  type(noWorkResult._root, 'undefined')
+  is(result.root.nodes.length, 1)
+  // @ts-expect-error Testing private API
+  not.type(noWorkResult._root, 'undefined')
+  is(noWorkResult.root.nodes.length, 1)
+})
+
+test('catches error with empty processor', async () => {
+  let noWorkResult = new Processor().process('a {')
+
+  try {
+    noWorkResult.root
+  } catch {}
+
+  let err = await catchError(async () => await noWorkResult)
+
+  noWorkResult.catch((e: unknown) => {
+    instance(e, CssSyntaxError)
+  })
+
+  instance(err, CssSyntaxError)
+})
+
+test('throws an error on root access on no plugins mode', () => {
+  throws(() => {
+    postcss().process('// invalid', { from: 'a' }).root
+  }, 'Unknown word')
+})
+
+test('supports plugins returning processors', () => {
+  let warn = spyOn(console, 'warn', () => {})
+  let a = (): void => {}
+  let processor = new Processor()
+  let other: any = (postcss as any).plugin('test', () => {
+    return new Processor([a])
+  })
+  processor.use(other)
+  equal(processor.plugins, [a])
+  equal(warn.callCount, 1)
+})
+
+test('supports plugin creators returning processors', () => {
+  let a = (): void => {}
+  let processor = new Processor()
+  let other = (() => {
+    return new Processor([a])
+  }) as PluginCreator<void>
+  other.postcss = true
+  processor.use(other)
+  equal(processor.plugins, [a])
+})
+
+test('uses custom syntax for document', async () => {
+  let customParser: Parser<Document> = () => {
+    return new Document({
+      nodes: [
+        new Root({
+          nodes: [new Rule({ selector: 'a' })],
+          raws: {
+            after: '\n\n\n',
+            codeBefore: '<html>\n<head>\n<style id="id1">'
+          }
+        }),
+        new Root({
+          nodes: [new Rule({ selector: 'b' })],
+          raws: {
+            after: '\n',
+            codeAfter: '</style>\n</head>',
+            codeBefore: '</style>\n<style id="id2">'
+          }
+        })
+      ]
+    })
+  }
+
+  let customStringifier: Stringifier = (doc, builder) => {
+    if (doc.type === 'document') {
+      for (let root of doc.nodes) {
+        if (root.raws.codeBefore) {
+          builder(root.raws.codeBefore, root)
+        }
+
+        builder(root.toString(), root)
+
+        if (root.raws.codeAfter) {
+          builder(root.raws.codeAfter, root)
+        }
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  let processor = new Processor([() => {}])
+  let result = await processor.process('a{}', {
+    from: undefined,
+    syntax: {
+      parse: customParser,
+      stringify: customStringifier
+    }
+  })
+
+  is(
+    result.css,
+    '<html>\n<head>\n<style id="id1">' +
+      'a {}\n\n\n' +
+      '</style>\n<style id="id2">' +
+      'b {}\n' +
+      '</style>\n</head>'
+  )
+})
+
+test.run()
diff --git a/test/result.js b/test/result.js
deleted file mode 100644
index bc2d1293a..000000000
--- a/test/result.js
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,52 +0,0 @@
-import Result from '../lib/result';
-import parse  from '../lib/parse';
-
-import   mozilla  from 'source-map';
-import { expect } from 'chai';
-
-var root;
-
-describe('Result', () => {
-    beforeEach( () => {
-        root = parse('a {}');
-    });
-
-    describe('root', () => {
-
-        it('contains AST', () => {
-            var result = new Result(root);
-            expect(result.root).to.eql(root);
-        });
-
-    });
-
-    describe('css', () => {
-
-        it('will be stringified', () => {
-            var result = new Result(root);
-            expect(result.css).to.eql('a {}');
-        });
-
-        it('stringifies', () => {
-            var result = new Result(root, 'a {}');
-            expect('' + result).to.eql(result.css);
-        });
-
-    });
-
-    describe('map', () => {
-
-        it('exists only if necessary', () => {
-            var result = new Result(root);
-            expect(result.map).to.not.exist;
-
-            result = new Result(root, { map: true });
-            expect(result.map).to.not.exist;
-
-            result = new Result(root, { map: { inline: false } });
-            expect(result.map).to.be.a.instanceOf(mozilla.SourceMapGenerator);
-        });
-
-    });
-
-});
diff --git a/test/result.test.ts b/test/result.test.ts
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..e163e1787
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/result.test.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,70 @@
+import { test } from 'uvu'
+import { equal, is } from 'uvu/assert'
+
+import postcss, { Plugin, Result, Root, Warning } from '../lib/postcss.js'
+import Processor from '../lib/processor.js'
+
+let processor = new Processor()
+let root = new Root()
+
+test('stringifies', () => {
+  let result = new Result(processor, root, {})
+  result.css = 'a{}'
+  is(`${result}`, result.css)
+})
+
+test('adds warning', () => {
+  let warning
+  let plugin: Plugin = {
+    Once(css, { result }) {
+      warning = result.warn('test', { node: css.first })
+    },
+    postcssPlugin: 'test-plugin'
+  }
+  let result = postcss([plugin]).process('a{}').sync()
+
+  equal(
+    warning,
+    new Warning('test', {
+      node: result.root.first,
+      plugin: 'test-plugin'
+    })
+  )
+
+  equal(result.messages, [warning])
+})
+
+test('allows to override plugin', () => {
+  let plugin: Plugin = {
+    Once(css, { result }) {
+      result.warn('test', { plugin: 'test-plugin#one' })
+    },
+    postcssPlugin: 'test-plugin'
+  }
+  let result = postcss([plugin]).process('a{}').sync()
+
+  is(result.messages[0].plugin, 'test-plugin#one')
+})
+
+test('allows Root', () => {
+  let css = postcss.parse('a{}')
+  let result = new Result(processor, css, {})
+  result.warn('TT', { node: css.first })
+
+  is(result.messages[0].toString(), '<css input>:1:1: TT')
+})
+
+test('returns only warnings', () => {
+  let result = new Result(processor, root, {})
+  result.messages = [
+    { text: 'a', type: 'warning' },
+    { type: 'custom' },
+    { text: 'b', type: 'warning' }
+  ]
+  equal(result.warnings(), [
+    { text: 'a', type: 'warning' },
+    { text: 'b', type: 'warning' }
+  ])
+})
+
+test.run()
diff --git a/test/root.js b/test/root.js
deleted file mode 100644
index 5d82b8dfb..000000000
--- a/test/root.js
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,101 +0,0 @@
-import Result from '../lib/result';
-import parse  from '../lib/parse';
-import Root   from '../lib/root';
-import Rule   from '../lib/rule';
-
-import { expect } from 'chai';
-import   fs       from 'fs';
-
-describe('Root', () => {
-
-    describe('toString()', () => {
-
-        fs.readdirSync(__dirname + '/cases/').forEach( file => {
-            if ( !file.match(/\.css$/) ) return;
-
-            it('stringify ' + file, () => {
-                var path = __dirname + '/cases/' + file;
-                var css  = fs.readFileSync(path).toString();
-                expect(parse(css).toString()).to.eql(css);
-            });
-        });
-
-    });
-
-    describe('prepend()', () => {
-
-        it('fixes spaces on insert before first', () => {
-            var css = parse("a {} b {}");
-            css.prepend({ selector: 'em' });
-            expect(css.toString()).to.eql("em {} a {} b {}");
-        });
-
-        it('uses default spaces on only first', () => {
-            var css = parse("a {}");
-            css.prepend({ selector: 'em' });
-            expect(css.toString()).to.eql("em {}\na {}");
-        });
-
-    });
-
-    describe('append()', () => {
-
-        it('sets new line between rules in multiline files', () => {
-            var a = parse('a {}\n\na {}\n');
-            var b = parse('b {}\n');
-
-            expect(a.append(b).toString()).to.eql('a {}\n\na {}\n\nb {}\n');
-        });
-
-        it('sets new line between rules on last newline', () => {
-            var a = parse('a {}\n');
-            var b = parse('b {}\n');
-
-            expect(a.append(b).toString()).to.eql('a {}\nb {}\n');
-        });
-
-        it('saves compressed style', () => {
-            var a = parse('a{}a{}');
-            var b = parse('b {\n}\n');
-            expect(a.append(b).toString()).to.eql('a{}a{}b{}');
-        });
-
-    });
-
-    describe('insertAfter()', () => {
-
-        it('does not use before of first rule', () => {
-            var css = parse('a{} b{}');
-            css.insertAfter(0, { selector: '.a' });
-            css.insertAfter(2, { selector: '.b' });
-
-            expect(css.nodes[1].before).to.not.exist;
-            expect(css.nodes[3].before).to.eql(' ');
-            expect(css.toString()).to.eql('a{} .a{} b{} .b{}');
-        });
-
-    });
-
-    describe('remove()', () => {
-
-        it('fixes spaces on removing first rule', () => {
-            var css = parse('a{}\nb{}\n');
-            css.first.removeSelf();
-            expect(css.toString()).to.eql('b{}\n');
-        });
-
-    });
-
-    describe('toResult()', () => {
-
-        it('generates result with map', () => {
-            var root   = parse('a {}');
-            var result = root.toResult({ map: true });
-
-            expect(result).to.be.a.instanceOf(Result);
-            expect(result.css).to.match(/a \{\}\n\/\*# sourceMappingURL=/);
-        });
-
-    });
-
-});
diff --git a/test/root.test.ts b/test/root.test.ts
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..16eabcb7a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/root.test.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,84 @@
+import { test } from 'uvu'
+import { is, match, type } from 'uvu/assert'
+
+import postcss, { parse, Result } from '../lib/postcss.js'
+
+test('prepend() fixes spaces on insert before first', () => {
+  let css = parse('a {} b {}')
+  css.prepend({ selector: 'em' })
+  is(css.toString(), 'em {} a {} b {}')
+})
+
+test('prepend() fixes spaces on multiple inserts before first', () => {
+  let css = parse('a {} b {}')
+  css.prepend({ selector: 'em' }, { selector: 'strong' })
+  is(css.toString(), 'em {} strong {} a {} b {}')
+})
+
+test('prepend() uses default spaces on only first', () => {
+  let css = parse('a {}')
+  css.prepend({ selector: 'em' })
+  is(css.toString(), 'em {}\na {}')
+})
+
+test('append() sets new line between rules in multiline files', () => {
+  let a = parse('a {}\n\na {}\n')
+  let b = parse('b {}\n')
+  is(a.append(b).toString(), 'a {}\n\na {}\n\nb {}\n')
+})
+
+test('insertAfter() does not use before of first rule', () => {
+  let css = parse('a{} b{}')
+  css.insertAfter(0, { selector: '.a' })
+  css.insertAfter(2, { selector: '.b' })
+
+  type(css.nodes[1].raws.before, 'undefined')
+  is(css.nodes[3].raws.before, ' ')
+  is(css.toString(), 'a{} .a{} b{} .b{}')
+})
+
+test('fixes spaces on removing first rule', () => {
+  let css = parse('a{}\nb{}\n')
+  if (!css.first) throw new Error('No nodes were parsed')
+  css.first.remove()
+  is(css.toString(), 'b{}\n')
+})
+
+test('keeps explicitly set raws.before on inserted node', () => {
+  let css = parse('/*a*/\n\n/*b*/')
+  let node = postcss.comment({ raws: { before: '' }, text: 'new' })
+  if (!css.nodes[1]) throw new Error('No nodes were parsed')
+  css.nodes[1].before(node)
+  is(node.raws.before, '')
+  is(css.toString(), '/*a*//*new*/\n\n/*b*/')
+})
+
+test('updates raws.before on node moved from another root', () => {
+  let css1 = parse('a{}\nb{}')
+  let css2 = parse('em{}\n\n\nstrong{}')
+  if (!css1.nodes[1] || !css2.nodes[1]) throw new Error('No nodes were parsed')
+  css2.nodes[1].before(css1.nodes[1])
+  is(css2.toString(), 'em{}\n\n\nb{}\n\n\nstrong{}')
+})
+
+test('keeps spaces on moving root', () => {
+  let css1 = parse('a{}\nb{}\n')
+
+  let css2 = parse('')
+  css2.append(css1)
+  is(css2.toString(), 'a{}\nb{}')
+
+  let css3 = parse('\n')
+  css3.append(css2.nodes)
+  is(css3.toString(), 'a{}\nb{}\n')
+})
+
+test('generates result with map', () => {
+  let root = parse('a {}')
+  let result = root.toResult({ map: true })
+
+  is(result instanceof Result, true)
+  match(result.css, /a {}\n\/\*# sourceMappingURL=/)
+})
+
+test.run()
diff --git a/test/rule.js b/test/rule.js
deleted file mode 100644
index 6dc6c632c..000000000
--- a/test/rule.js
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,74 +0,0 @@
-import parse from '../lib/parse';
-import Rule  from '../lib/rule';
-
-import { expect } from 'chai';
-
-describe('Rule', () => {
-
-    it('initializes with properties', () => {
-        var rule = new Rule({ selector: 'a' });
-        expect(rule.selector).to.eql('a');
-    });
-
-    describe('selectors', () => {
-
-        it('returns array', () => {
-            var rule = new Rule({ selector: 'a,b' });
-            expect(rule.selectors).to.eql(['a', 'b']);
-        });
-
-        it('trims selectors', () => {
-            var rule = new Rule({ selector: ".a\n, .b  , .c" });
-            expect(rule.selectors).to.eql(['.a', '.b', '.c']);
-        });
-
-        it('is smart about commas', () => {
-            // Note: We don’t have to care about unquoted attribute values
-            // (such as `[foo=a,b]`), because that is invalid CSS.
-            var rule = new Rule({
-                selector: "[foo='a, b'], a:-moz-any(:focus, [href*=','])"
-            });
-            expect(rule.selectors).to.eql([
-                "[foo='a, b']",
-                "a:-moz-any(:focus, [href*=','])"]);
-        });
-
-        it('receive array', () => {
-            var rule = new Rule({ selector: 'a,b' });
-            rule.selectors = ['em', 'strong'];
-            expect(rule.selector).to.eql('em, strong');
-        });
-
-    });
-
-    describe('toString()', () => {
-
-        it('inserts default spaces', () => {
-            var rule = new Rule({ selector: 'a' });
-            expect(rule.toString()).to.eql('a {}');
-            rule.append({ prop: 'color', value: 'black' });
-            expect(rule.toString()).to.eql('a {\n    color: black\n}');
-        });
-
-        it('clones spaces from another rule', () => {
-            var root = parse("a{\n  }b{\n  }");
-            var rule = new Rule({ selector: 'em' });
-            root.append(rule);
-
-            expect(rule.toString()).to.eql("em{\n  }");
-        });
-
-        it('uses different spaces for empty rules', () => {
-            var root = parse("a { }\nb {\n  color: black\n}");
-            var rule = new Rule({ selector: 'em' });
-            root.append(rule);
-
-            expect(rule.toString()).to.eql("\nem { }");
-
-            rule.append({ prop: 'top', value: '0' });
-            expect(rule.toString()).to.eql("\nem {\n  top: 0\n}");
-        });
-
-    });
-
-});
diff --git a/test/rule.test.ts b/test/rule.test.ts
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..795255d46
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/rule.test.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,96 @@
+import { test } from 'uvu'
+import { equal, is } from 'uvu/assert'
+
+import { parse, Rule } from '../lib/postcss.js'
+
+test('initializes with properties', () => {
+  let rule = new Rule({ selector: 'a' })
+  is(rule.selector, 'a')
+})
+
+test('returns array in selectors', () => {
+  let rule = new Rule({ selector: 'a,b' })
+  equal(rule.selectors, ['a', 'b'])
+})
+
+test('returns empty selector in selectors', () => {
+  let rule = new Rule({ selector: '' })
+  equal(rule.selectors, [''])
+})
+
+test('keeps empty selector between other selectors', () => {
+  let rule = new Rule({ selector: 'a,,b' })
+  equal(rule.selectors, ['a', '', 'b'])
+})
+
+test('keeps empty selector before other selectors', () => {
+  let rule = new Rule({ selector: ',b' })
+  equal(rule.selectors, ['', 'b'])
+})
+
+test('trims selectors', () => {
+  let rule = new Rule({ selector: '.a\n, .b  , .c' })
+  equal(rule.selectors, ['.a', '.b', '.c'])
+})
+
+test('is smart about selectors commas', () => {
+  let rule = new Rule({
+    selector: "[foo='a, b'], a:-moz-any(:focus, [href*=','])"
+  })
+  equal(rule.selectors, ["[foo='a, b']", "a:-moz-any(:focus, [href*=','])"])
+})
+
+test('receive array in selectors', () => {
+  let rule = new Rule({ selector: 'i, b' })
+  rule.selectors = ['em', 'strong']
+  is(rule.selector, 'em, strong')
+})
+
+test('saves separator in selectors', () => {
+  let rule = new Rule({ selector: 'i,\nb' })
+  rule.selectors = ['em', 'strong']
+  is(rule.selector, 'em,\nstrong')
+})
+
+test('uses between to detect separator in selectors', () => {
+  let rule = new Rule({ raws: { between: '' }, selector: 'b' })
+  rule.selectors = ['b', 'strong']
+  is(rule.selector, 'b,strong')
+})
+
+test('uses space in separator be default in selectors', () => {
+  let rule = new Rule({ selector: 'b' })
+  rule.selectors = ['b', 'strong']
+  is(rule.selector, 'b, strong')
+})
+
+test('selectors works in constructor', () => {
+  let rule = new Rule({ selectors: ['a', 'b'] })
+  is(rule.selector, 'a, b')
+})
+
+test('inserts default spaces', () => {
+  let rule = new Rule({ selector: 'a' })
+  is(rule.toString(), 'a {}')
+  rule.append({ prop: 'color', value: 'black' })
+  is(rule.toString(), 'a {\n    color: black\n}')
+})
+
+test('clones spaces from another rule', () => {
+  let root = parse('b{\n  }')
+  let rule = new Rule({ selector: 'em' })
+  root.append(rule)
+  is(root.toString(), 'b{\n  }\nem{\n  }')
+})
+
+test('uses different spaces for empty rules', () => {
+  let root = parse('a{}\nb{\n a:1\n}')
+  let rule = new Rule({ selector: 'em' })
+  root.append(rule)
+  is(root.toString(), 'a{}\nb{\n a:1\n}\nem{}')
+
+  rule.append({ prop: 'top', value: '0' })
+  is(root.toString(), 'a{}\nb{\n a:1\n}\nem{\n top:0\n}')
+})
+
+test.run()
diff --git a/test/stringifier.test.js b/test/stringifier.test.js
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..f845650e2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/stringifier.test.js
@@ -0,0 +1,480 @@
+let { test } = require('uvu')
+let { is } = require('uvu/assert')
+
+let {
+  AtRule,
+  Comment,
+  Declaration,
+  Document,
+  Node,
+  parse,
+  Root,
+  Rule
+} = require('../lib/postcss')
+let Stringifier = require('../lib/stringifier')
+
+let str
+
+test.before.each(() => {
+  str = new Stringifier()
+})
+
+test('creates trimmed/raw property', () => {
+  let b = new Node({ one: 'trim' })
+  b.raws.one = { raw: 'raw', value: 'trim' }
+  is(str.rawValue(b, 'one'), 'raw')
+
+  b.one = 'trim1'
+  is(str.rawValue(b, 'one'), 'trim1')
+})
+
+test('works without rawValue magic', () => {
+  let b = new Node()
+  b.one = '1'
+  is(b.one, '1')
+  is(str.rawValue(b, 'one'), '1')
+})
+
+test('uses node raw', () => {
+  let rule = new Rule({ raws: { between: '\n' }, selector: 'a' })
+  is(str.raw(rule, 'between', 'beforeOpen'), '\n')
+})
+
+test('hacks before for nodes without parent', () => {
+  let rule = new Rule({ selector: 'a' })
+  is(str.raw(rule, 'before'), '')
+})
+
+test('hacks before for first node', () => {
+  let root = new Root()
+  root.append(new Rule({ selector: 'a' }))
+  is(str.raw(root.first, 'before'), '')
+})
+
+test('hacks before for first decl', () => {
+  let decl = new Declaration({ prop: 'color', value: 'black' })
+  is(str.raw(decl, 'before'), '')
+
+  let rule = new Rule({ selector: 'a' })
+  rule.append(decl)
+  is(str.raw(decl, 'before'), '\n    ')
+})
+
+test('detects after raw', () => {
+  let root = new Root()
+  root.append({ raws: { after: ' ' }, selector: 'a' })
+  root.first.append({ prop: 'color', value: 'black' })
+  root.append({ selector: 'a' })
+  is(str.raw(root.last, 'after'), ' ')
+})
+
+test('uses defaults without parent', () => {
+  let rule = new Rule({ selector: 'a' })
+  is(str.raw(rule, 'between', 'beforeOpen'), ' ')
+})
+
+test('uses defaults for unique node', () => {
+  let root = new Root()
+  root.append(new Rule({ selector: 'a' }))
+  is(str.raw(root.first, 'between', 'beforeOpen'), ' ')
+})
+
+test('clones raw from first node', () => {
+  let root = new Root()
+  root.append(new Rule({ raws: { between: '' }, selector: 'a' }))
+  root.append(new Rule({ selector: 'b' }))
+
+  is(str.raw(root.last, 'between', 'beforeOpen'), '')
+})
+
+test('indents by default', () => {
+  let root = new Root()
+  root.append(new AtRule({ name: 'page' }))
+  root.first.append(new Rule({ selector: 'a' }))
+  root.first.first.append({ prop: 'color', value: 'black' })
+
+  is(
+    root.toString(),
+    '@page {\n' + '    a {\n' + '        color: black\n' + '    }\n' + '}'
+  )
+})
+
+test('clones style', () => {
+  let compress = parse('@page{ a{ } }')
+  let spaces = parse('@page {\n  a {\n  }\n}')
+
+  compress.first.first.append({ prop: 'color', value: 'black' })
+  is(compress.toString(), '@page{ a{ color: black } }')
+
+  spaces.first.first.append({ prop: 'color', value: 'black' })
+  is(spaces.toString(), '@page {\n  a {\n    color: black\n  }\n}')
+})
+
+test('clones indent', () => {
+  let root = parse('a{\n}')
+  root.first.append({ text: 'a' })
+  root.first.append({ raws: { before: '\n\n ' }, text: 'b' })
+  is(root.toString(), 'a{\n\n /* a */\n\n /* b */\n}')
+})
+
+test('clones declaration before for comment', () => {
+  let root = parse('a{\n}')
+  root.first.append({ text: 'a' })
+  root.first.append({
+    prop: 'a',
+    raws: { before: '\n\n ' },
+    value: '1'
+  })
+  is(root.toString(), 'a{\n\n /* a */\n\n a: 1\n}')
+})
+
+test('clones indent by types', () => {
+  let css = parse('a {\n  *color: black\n}\n\nb {\n}')
+  css.append(new Rule({ selector: 'em' }))
+  css.last.append({ prop: 'z-index', value: '1' })
+  is(css.last.first.raw('before'), '\n  ')
+})
+
+test('ignores non-space symbols in indent cloning', () => {
+  let css = parse('a {\n  color: black\n}\n\nb {\n}')
+  css.append(new Rule({ selector: 'em' }))
+  css.last.append({ prop: 'z-index', value: '1' })
+
+  is(css.last.raw('before'), '\n\n')
+  is(css.last.first.raw('before'), '\n  ')
+})
+
+test('clones indent by before and after', () => {
+  let css = parse('@page{\n\n a{\n  color: black}}')
+  css.first.append(new Rule({ selector: 'b' }))
+  css.first.last.append({ prop: 'z-index', value: '1' })
+
+  is(css.first.last.raw('before'), '\n\n ')
+  is(css.first.last.raw('after'), '')
+})
+
+test('clones semicolon only from rules with children', () => {
+  let css = parse('a{}b{one:1;}')
+  is(str.raw(css.first, 'semicolon'), true)
+})
+
+test('terminates childless at-rule followed by a comment', () => {
+  let css = parse('a {}\n/* comment */')
+  css.insertBefore(css.last, new AtRule({ name: 'import', params: '"x.css"' }))
+
+  is(css.toString(), 'a {}\n@import "x.css";\n/* comment */')
+  is(
+    parse(css.toString())
+      .nodes.map(i => i.type)
+      .join(','),
+    'rule,atrule,comment'
+  )
+})
+
+test('terminates nested childless at-rule followed by a comment', () => {
+  let css = parse('@media screen {\n  a {}\n}')
+  css.first.append(new AtRule({ name: 'import', params: '"y.css"' }))
+  css.first.append(new Comment({ text: 'note' }))
+
+  is(
+    css.toString(),
+    '@media screen {\n  a {}\n  @import "y.css";\n  /* note */\n}'
+  )
+  is(
+    parse(css.toString())
+      .first.nodes.map(i => i.type)
+      .join(','),
+    'rule,atrule,comment'
+  )
+})
+
+test('terminates custom property followed by a comment', () => {
+  let css = parse('a{--x:red}')
+  css.first.append(new Comment({ text: 'note' }))
+
+  is(css.toString(), 'a{--x:red;/* note */}')
+  is(
+    parse(css.toString())
+      .first.nodes.map(i => i.type)
+      .join(','),
+    'decl,comment'
+  )
+})
+
+test('terminates custom property with !important before a comment', () => {
+  let css = parse('a{--x:red !important}')
+  css.first.first.after(new Comment({ text: 'note' }))
+
+  is(css.toString(), 'a{--x:red !important;/* note */}')
+  is(
+    parse(css.toString())
+      .first.nodes.map(i => i.type)
+      .join(','),
+    'decl,comment'
+  )
+})
+
+test('keeps hack-prefixed property before a comment unchanged', () => {
+  for (let css of ['a{*--x:red/*c*/}', 'a{_--x:red/*c*/}']) {
+    let root = parse(css)
+    is(root.toString(), css)
+    is(
+      parse(root.toString())
+        .first.nodes.map(i => i.type)
+        .join(','),
+      'decl,comment'
+    )
+  }
+})
+
+test('terminates indented custom property followed by a comment', () => {
+  let css = parse('a{  --x:red}')
+  css.first.first.after(new Comment({ text: 'note' }))
+
+  is(css.toString(), 'a{  --x:red;  /* note */}')
+  is(
+    parse(css.toString())
+      .first.nodes.map(i => i.type)
+      .join(','),
+    'decl,comment'
+  )
+})
+
+test('clones only spaces in before', () => {
+  let css = parse('a{*one:1}')
+  css.first.append({ prop: 'two', value: '2' })
+  css.append({ name: 'keyframes', params: 'a' })
+  css.last.append({ selector: 'from' })
+  is(css.toString(), 'a{*one:1;two:2}\n@keyframes a{\nfrom{}}')
+})
+
+test('clones only spaces in between', () => {
+  let css = parse('a{one/**/:1}')
+  css.first.append({ prop: 'two', value: '2' })
+  is(css.toString(), 'a{one/**/:1;two:2}')
+})
+
+test('uses optional raws.indent', () => {
+  let rule = new Rule({ raws: { indent: ' ' }, selector: 'a' })
+  rule.append({ prop: 'color', value: 'black' })
+  is(rule.toString(), 'a {\n color: black\n}')
+})
+
+test('handles nested roots', () => {
+  let root = new Root()
+  let subRoot = new Root()
+  subRoot.append(new AtRule({ name: 'foo' }))
+  root.append(subRoot)
+
+  is(root.toString(), '@foo')
+})
+
+test('handles root', () => {
+  let root = new Root()
+  root.append(new AtRule({ name: 'foo' }))
+
+  let s = root.toString()
+
+  is(s, '@foo')
+})
+
+test('handles root with after', () => {
+  let root = new Root({ raws: { after: '   ' } })
+  root.append(new AtRule({ name: 'foo' }))
+
+  let s = root.toString()
+
+  is(s, '@foo   ')
+})
+
+test('pass nodes to document', () => {
+  let root = new Root()
+  let document = new Document({ nodes: [root] })
+
+  is(document.toString(), '')
+})
+
+test('handles document with one root', () => {
+  let root = new Root()
+  root.append(new AtRule({ name: 'foo' }))
+
+  let document = new Document()
+  document.append(root)
+
+  let s = document.toString()
+
+  is(s, '@foo')
+})
+
+test('handles document with one root and after raw', () => {
+  let document = new Document()
+  let root = new Root({ raws: { after: '   ' } })
+  root.append(new AtRule({ name: 'foo' }))
+  document.append(root)
+
+  let s = document.toString()
+
+  is(s, '@foo   ')
+})
+
+test('handles document with one root and before and after', () => {
+  let document = new Document()
+  let root = new Root({ raws: { after: 'AFTER' } })
+  root.append(new AtRule({ name: 'foo' }))
+  document.append(root)
+
+  let s = document.toString()
+
+  is(s, '@fooAFTER')
+})
+
+test('handles document with three roots without raws', () => {
+  let root1 = new Root()
+  root1.append(new AtRule({ name: 'foo' }))
+
+  let root2 = new Root()
+  root2.append(new Rule({ selector: 'a' }))
+
+  let root3 = new Root()
+  root3.append(new Declaration({ prop: 'color', value: 'black' }))
+
+  let document = new Document()
+  document.append(root1)
+  document.append(root2)
+  document.append(root3)
+
+  let s = document.toString()
+
+  is(s, '@fooa {}color: black')
+})
+
+test('handles document with three roots, with before and after raws', () => {
+  let root1 = new Root({ raws: { after: 'AFTER_ONE' } })
+  root1.append(new Rule({ selector: 'a.one' }))
+
+  let root2 = new Root({ raws: { after: 'AFTER_TWO' } })
+  root2.append(new Rule({ selector: 'a.two' }))
+
+  let root3 = new Root({ raws: { after: 'AFTER_THREE' } })
+  root3.append(new Rule({ selector: 'a.three' }))
+
+  let document = new Document()
+  document.append(root1)
+  document.append(root2)
+  document.append(root3)
+
+  let s = document.toString()
+
+  is(s, 'a.one {}AFTER_ONEa.two {}AFTER_TWOa.three {}AFTER_THREE')
+})
+
+test('escapes </style & <!-- with \\3c CSS escape', () => {
+  let root = new Root()
+  root.append(new Rule({ selector: '</style>' }))
+  root.append(new AtRule({ name: 'media', params: '<style>' }))
+  root.append({ text: '</style><!--<style>' })
+  let rule = new Rule({ selector: 'a' })
+  rule.raws.before = '\n</style>'
+  rule.raws.after = '</style>'
+  rule.append(new Declaration({ prop: 'color', value: '</style>' }))
+  root.append(rule)
+
+  is(
+    root.toString(),
+    '\\3c /style> {}\n' +
+      '@media \\3c style>;\n' +
+      '/* \\3c /style>\\3c !--\\3c style> */\n' +
+      '\\3c /style>a {\n' +
+      '    color: \\3c /style>' +
+      '\\3c /style>}'
+  )
+})
+
+test('does not escape Document raws', () => {
+  let document = new Document()
+  let root1 = new Root()
+  root1.append(new Rule({ selector: 'a' }))
+  let root2 = new Root({ raws: { after: '</style>' } })
+  root2.raws.before = '</style>'
+  root2.append(new Rule({ selector: 'b' }))
+  document.append(root1)
+  document.append(root2)
+
+  is(document.toString(), 'a {}</style>b {}</style>')
+})
+
+test('always calls raw to retrieve raws', () => {
+  class CustomStringifier extends Stringifier {
+    raw(node, own, detect) {
+      return `\nRAW(${node.type}, ${own}, ${detect})\n`
+    }
+  }
+  let root = new Root()
+  let rootRule = new Rule({ selector: 'a' })
+  let decl = new Declaration({ prop: 'color', value: 'black' })
+  decl.raws.before = 'BEFORE'
+  decl.raws.between = 'BETWEEN'
+  decl.raws.after = 'AFTER'
+  root.append(rootRule)
+  rootRule.append(decl)
+
+  let stringify = (node, builder) => {
+    let customStringifier = new CustomStringifier(builder)
+    customStringifier.stringify(node)
+  }
+  let result = root.toString(stringify)
+  is(
+    result,
+    [
+      '',
+      'RAW(rule, before, undefined)',
+      'a',
+      'RAW(rule, between, beforeOpen)',
+      '{',
+      'RAW(decl, before, undefined)',
+      'color',
+      'RAW(decl, between, colon)',
+      'black;',
+      'RAW(rule, after, undefined)',
+      '}'
+    ].join('\n')
+  )
+})
+
+test('adds space before params set on an at-rule parsed without them', () => {
+  let root = parse('@layer{a{color:black}}')
+  root.first.params = 'utilities'
+  is(root.toString(), '@layer utilities{a{color:black}}')
+
+  let media = parse('@media;').first
+  media.params = 'print'
+  is(media.toString(), '@media print')
+})
+
+test('keeps params glued to at-rule name when CSS allows it', () => {
+  let root = parse('@media(min-width:0){}')
+  root.first.params = '(min-width:1px)'
+  is(root.toString(), '@media(min-width:1px){}')
+
+  let imported = parse('@import"a.css"').first
+  imported.params = '"b.css"'
+  is(imported.toString(), '@import"b.css"')
+})
+
+test('supports subclasses with overridden traversal methods', () => {
+  class CustomStringifier extends Stringifier {
+    rule(node) {
+      super.rule(node)
+    }
+  }
+
+  let css = 'a{color:black};@media screen{b{}}'
+  let result = ''
+  let custom = new CustomStringifier(i => {
+    result += i
+  })
+  custom.stringify(parse(css))
+  is(result, css)
+})
+
+test.run()
diff --git a/test/stringify.test.ts b/test/stringify.test.ts
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..98dccb073
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/stringify.test.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+import { eachTest } from 'postcss-parser-tests'
+import { test } from 'uvu'
+import { is } from 'uvu/assert'
+
+import { parse, stringify } from '../lib/postcss.js'
+
+eachTest((name, css) => {
+  test(`stringifies ${name}`, () => {
+    let root = parse(css)
+    let result = ''
+    stringify(root, i => {
+      result += i
+    })
+    is(result, css)
+  })
+})
+
+test.run()
diff --git a/test/tokenize.js b/test/tokenize.js
deleted file mode 100644
index a58c25bbc..000000000
--- a/test/tokenize.js
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,185 +0,0 @@
-import tokenize from '../lib/tokenize';
-import Input    from '../lib/input';
-
-import { expect } from 'chai';
-
-var test = (css, opts, tokens) => {
-    if ( typeof(tokens) == 'undefined' ) [tokens, opts] = [opts, tokens];
-    expect(tokenize(new Input(css, opts))).to.eql(tokens);
-};
-
-describe('tokenize', () => {
-
-    it('tokenizes empty file', () => {
-        test('', []);
-    });
-
-    it('tokenizes space', () => {
-        test('\r\n \f\t', [ ['space', '\r\n \f\t'] ]);
-    });
-
-    it('tokenizes word', () => {
-        test('ab', [ ['word', 'ab', 1, 1, 1, 2] ]);
-    });
-
-    it('splits word by !', () => {
-        test('aa!bb', [
-            ['word', 'aa',  1, 1, 1, 2],
-            ['word', '!bb', 1, 3, 1, 5]
-        ]);
-    });
-
-    it('changes lines in spaces', () => {
-        test('a \n b', [
-            ['word',  'a', 1, 1, 1, 1],
-            ['space', ' \n '],
-            ['word',  'b', 2, 2, 2, 2]
-        ]);
-    });
-
-    it('tokenizes control chars', () => {
-        test('{:;}', [
-            ['{', '{', 1, 1],
-            [':', ':', 1, 2],
-            [';', ';', 1, 3],
-            ['}', '}', 1, 4]
-        ]);
-    });
-
-    it('escapes control symbols', () => {
-        test('\\(\\{\\"\\@', [
-            ['word', '\\(', 1, 1, 1, 2],
-            ['word', '\\{', 1, 3, 1, 4],
-            ['word', '\\"', 1, 5, 1, 6],
-            ['word', '\\@', 1, 7, 1, 8]
-        ]);
-    });
-
-    it('escapes backslash', () => {
-        test('\\\\\\\\{', [
-            ['word', '\\\\\\\\', 1, 1, 1, 4],
-            ['{',    '{',        1, 5]
-        ]);
-    });
-
-    it('tokenizes simple brackets', () => {
-       test('(ab)', [ ['brackets', '(ab)', 1, 1, 1, 4] ]);
-    });
-
-    it('tokenizes complicated brackets', () => {
-        test('(())("")(/**/)(\\\\)(\n)(', [
-            ['(',        '(',    1, 1],
-            ['brackets', '()',   1, 2, 1, 3],
-            [')',        ')',    1, 4],
-            ['(',        '(',    1, 5],
-            ['string',   '""',   1, 6, 1, 7],
-            [')',        ')',    1, 8],
-            ['(',        '(',    1, 9],
-            ['comment',  '/**/', 1, 10, 1, 13],
-            [')',        ')',    1, 14],
-            ['(',        '(',    1, 15],
-            ['word',     '\\\\', 1, 16, 1, 17],
-            [')',        ')',    1, 18],
-            ['(',        '(',    1, 19],
-            ['space',    '\n'],
-            [')',        ')',    2, 1],
-            ['(',        '(',    2, 2]
-        ]);
-    });
-
-    it('tokenizes string', () => {
-        test('\'"\'"\\""', [
-            ['string', "'\"'",  1, 1, 1, 3],
-            ['string', '"\\""', 1, 4, 1, 7]
-        ]);
-    });
-
-    it('tokenizes escaped string', () => {
-        test('"\\\\"', [ ['string', '"\\\\"', 1, 1, 1, 4] ]);
-    });
-
-    it('tokenizes at-word', () => {
-        test('@word ', [ ['at-word', '@word', 1, 1, 1, 5], ['space', ' '] ]);
-    });
-
-    it('tokenizes at-word end', () => {
-        test('@one{@two()@three""', [
-            ['at-word',  '@one',   1,  1, 1,  4],
-            ['{',        '{',      1,  5],
-            ['at-word',  '@two',   1,  6, 1,  9],
-            ['brackets', '()',     1, 10, 1, 11],
-            ['at-word',  '@three', 1, 12, 1, 17],
-            ['string',   '""',     1, 18, 1, 19]
-        ]);
-    });
-
-    it('tokenizes at-symbol', () => {
-        test('@', [ ['at-word', '@', 1, 1, 1, 1] ]);
-    });
-
-    it('tokenizes comment', () => {
-        test('/* a\nb */', [ ['comment', '/* a\nb */', 1, 1, 2, 4] ]);
-    });
-
-    it('changes lines in comments', () => {
-        test('a/* \n */b', [
-            ['word',    'a',        1, 1, 1, 1],
-            ['comment', '/* \n */', 1, 2, 2, 3],
-            ['word',    'b',        2, 4, 2, 4]
-        ]);
-    });
-
-    it('tokenizes CSS', () => {
-        var css = 'a {\n' +
-                  '  content: "a";\n' +
-                  '  width: calc(1px;)\n' +
-                  '  }\n' +
-                  '/* small screen */\n' +
-                  '@media screen {}';
-        test(css, [
-            ['word',     'a',                  1,  1, 1,  1],
-            ['space',    ' '],
-            ['{',        '{',                  1,  3],
-            ['space',    '\n  '],
-            ['word',     'content',            2,  3, 2,  9],
-            [':',        ':',                  2, 10],
-            ['space',    ' '],
-            ['string',   '"a"',                2, 12, 2, 14],
-            [';',        ';',                  2, 15],
-            ['space',    '\n  '],
-            ['word',     'width',              3,  3, 3,  7],
-            [':',        ':',                  3,  8],
-            ['space',    ' '],
-            ['word',     'calc',               3, 10, 3, 13],
-            ['brackets', '(1px;)',             3, 14, 3, 19],
-            ['space',    '\n  '],
-            ['}',        '}',                  4,  3],
-            ['space',    '\n'],
-            ['comment',  '/* small screen */', 5,  1, 5, 18],
-            ['space',    '\n'],
-            ['at-word',  '@media',             6,  1, 6,  6],
-            ['space',    ' '],
-            ['word',     'screen',             6,  8, 6, 13],
-            ['space',    ' '],
-            ['{',        '{',                  6, 15],
-            ['}',        '}',                  6, 16]
-        ]);
-    });
-
-    it('throws error on unclosed string', () => {
-        expect( () => test(' "') ).to.throw(/:1:2: Unclosed quote/);
-    });
-
-    it('fixes unclosed string in safe mode', () => {
-        test('"', { safe: true }, [ ['string', '""', 1, 1, 1, 2] ]);
-    });
-
-    it('throws error on unclosed comment', () => {
-        expect( () => test(' /*') ).to.throw(/:1:2: Unclosed comment/);
-    });
-
-    it('fixes unclosed comment in safe mode', () => {
-        test('/*', { safe: true }, [ ['comment', '/**/', 1, 1, 1, 4] ]);
-    });
-
-});
diff --git a/test/tokenize.test.js b/test/tokenize.test.js
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..82c45be75
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/tokenize.test.js
@@ -0,0 +1,335 @@
+let { test } = require('uvu')
+let { equal, is, throws } = require('uvu/assert')
+
+let { Input } = require('../lib/postcss')
+let tokenizer = require('../lib/tokenize')
+
+function tokenize(css, opts) {
+  let processor = tokenizer(new Input(css), opts)
+  let tokens = []
+  while (!processor.endOfFile()) {
+    tokens.push(processor.nextToken())
+  }
+  return tokens
+}
+
+function run(css, tokens, opts) {
+  equal(tokenize(css, opts), tokens)
+}
+
+test('tokenizes empty file', () => {
+  run('', [])
+})
+
+test('tokenizes space', () => {
+  run('\r\n \f\t', [['space', '\r\n \f\t']])
+})
+
+test('tokenizes word', () => {
+  run('ab', [['word', 'ab', 0, 1]])
+})
+
+test('splits word by !', () => {
+  run('aa!bb', [
+    ['word', 'aa', 0, 1],
+    ['word', '!bb', 2, 4]
+  ])
+})
+
+test('changes lines in spaces', () => {
+  run('a \n b', [
+    ['word', 'a', 0, 0],
+    ['space', ' \n '],
+    ['word', 'b', 4, 4]
+  ])
+})
+
+test('tokenizes control chars', () => {
+  run('{:;}', [
+    ['{', '{', 0],
+    [':', ':', 1],
+    [';', ';', 2],
+    ['}', '}', 3]
+  ])
+})
+
+test('escapes control symbols', () => {
+  run('\\(\\{\\"\\@\\\\""', [
+    ['word', '\\(', 0, 1],
+    ['word', '\\{', 2, 3],
+    ['word', '\\"', 4, 5],
+    ['word', '\\@', 6, 7],
+    ['word', '\\\\', 8, 9],
+    ['string', '""', 10, 11]
+  ])
+})
+
+test('escapes backslash', () => {
+  run('\\\\\\\\{', [
+    ['word', '\\\\\\\\', 0, 3],
+    ['{', '{', 4]
+  ])
+})
+
+test('tokenizes simple brackets', () => {
+  run('(ab)', [['brackets', '(ab)', 0, 3]])
+})
+
+test('tokenizes square brackets', () => {
+  run('a[bc]', [
+    ['word', 'a', 0, 0],
+    ['[', '[', 1],
+    ['word', 'bc', 2, 3],
+    [']', ']', 4]
+  ])
+})
+
+test('tokenizes complicated brackets', () => {
+  run('(())("")(/**/)(\\\\)(\n)(', [
+    ['(', '(', 0],
+    ['(', '(', 1],
+    [')', ')', 2],
+    [')', ')', 3],
+    ['(', '(', 4],
+    ['string', '""', 5, 6],
+    [')', ')', 7],
+    ['(', '(', 8],
+    ['comment', '/**/', 9, 12],
+    [')', ')', 13],
+    ['(', '(', 14],
+    ['word', '\\\\', 15, 16],
+    [')', ')', 17],
+    ['(', '(', 18],
+    ['space', '\n'],
+    [')', ')', 20],
+    ['(', '(', 21]
+  ])
+})
+
+test('tokenizes string', () => {
+  run('\'"\'"\\""', [
+    ['string', "'\"'", 0, 2],
+    ['string', '"\\""', 3, 6]
+  ])
+})
+
+test('tokenizes escaped string', () => {
+  run('"\\\\"', [['string', '"\\\\"', 0, 3]])
+})
+
+test('changes lines in strings', () => {
+  run('"\n\n""\n\n"', [
+    ['string', '"\n\n"', 0, 3],
+    ['string', '"\n\n"', 4, 7]
+  ])
+})
+
+test('tokenizes at-word', () => {
+  run('@word ', [
+    ['at-word', '@word', 0, 4],
+    ['space', ' ']
+  ])
+})
+
+test('tokenizes at-word end', () => {
+  run('@one{@two()@three""@four;', [
+    ['at-word', '@one', 0, 3],
+    ['{', '{', 4],
+    ['at-word', '@two', 5, 8],
+    ['brackets', '()', 9, 10],
+    ['at-word', '@three', 11, 16],
+    ['string', '""', 17, 18],
+    ['at-word', '@four', 19, 23],
+    [';', ';', 24]
+  ])
+})
+
+test('tokenizes urls', () => {
+  run('url(/*\\))', [
+    ['word', 'url', 0, 2],
+    ['brackets', '(/*\\))', 3, 8]
+  ])
+})
+
+test('tokenizes quoted urls', () => {
+  run('url(")")', [
+    ['word', 'url', 0, 2],
+    ['(', '(', 3],
+    ['string', '")"', 4, 6],
+    [')', ')', 7]
+  ])
+})
+
+test('tokenizes at-symbol', () => {
+  run('@', [['at-word', '@', 0, 0]])
+})
+
+test('tokenizes comment', () => {
+  run('/* a\nb */', [['comment', '/* a\nb */', 0, 8]])
+})
+
+test('changes lines in comments', () => {
+  run('a/* \n */b', [
+    ['word', 'a', 0, 0],
+    ['comment', '/* \n */', 1, 7],
+    ['word', 'b', 8, 8]
+  ])
+})
+
+test('supports line feed', () => {
+  run('a\fb', [
+    ['word', 'a', 0, 0],
+    ['space', '\f'],
+    ['word', 'b', 2, 2]
+  ])
+})
+
+test('supports carriage return', () => {
+  run('a\rb\r\nc', [
+    ['word', 'a', 0, 0],
+    ['space', '\r'],
+    ['word', 'b', 2, 2],
+    ['space', '\r\n'],
+    ['word', 'c', 5, 5]
+  ])
+})
+
+test('tokenizes CSS', () => {
+  let css =
+    'a {\n' +
+    '  content: "a";\n' +
+    '  width: calc(1px;)\n' +
+    '  }\n' +
+    '/* small screen */\n' +
+    '@media screen {}'
+  run(css, [
+    ['word', 'a', 0, 0],
+    ['space', ' '],
+    ['{', '{', 2],
+    ['space', '\n  '],
+    ['word', 'content', 6, 12],
+    [':', ':', 13],
+    ['space', ' '],
+    ['string', '"a"', 15, 17],
+    [';', ';', 18],
+    ['space', '\n  '],
+    ['word', 'width', 22, 26],
+    [':', ':', 27],
+    ['space', ' '],
+    ['word', 'calc', 29, 32],
+    ['brackets', '(1px;)', 33, 38],
+    ['space', '\n  '],
+    ['}', '}', 42],
+    ['space', '\n'],
+    ['comment', '/* small screen */', 44, 61],
+    ['space', '\n'],
+    ['at-word', '@media', 63, 68],
+    ['space', ' '],
+    ['word', 'screen', 70, 75],
+    ['space', ' '],
+    ['{', '{', 77],
+    ['}', '}', 78]
+  ])
+})
+
+test('throws error on unclosed string', () => {
+  throws(() => {
+    tokenize(' "')
+  }, /:1:2: Unclosed string/)
+})
+
+test('throws error on unclosed comment', () => {
+  throws(() => {
+    tokenize(' /*')
+  }, /:1:2: Unclosed comment/)
+})
+
+test('throws error on unclosed url', () => {
+  throws(() => {
+    tokenize('url(')
+  }, /:1:4: Unclosed bracket/)
+})
+
+test('ignores unclosing string on request', () => {
+  run(
+    ' "',
+    [
+      ['space', ' '],
+      ['string', '"', 1, 2]
+    ],
+    { ignoreErrors: true }
+  )
+})
+
+test('ignores unclosing comment on request', () => {
+  run(
+    ' /*',
+    [
+      ['space', ' '],
+      ['comment', '/*', 1, 3]
+    ],
+    { ignoreErrors: true }
+  )
+})
+
+test('ignores unclosing function on request', () => {
+  run(
+    'url(',
+    [
+      ['word', 'url', 0, 2],
+      ['brackets', '(', 3, 3]
+    ],
+    { ignoreErrors: true }
+  )
+})
+
+test('tokenizes hexadecimal escape', () => {
+  run('\\0a \\09 \\z ', [
+    ['word', '\\0a ', 0, 3],
+    ['word', '\\09 ', 4, 7],
+    ['word', '\\z', 8, 9],
+    ['space', ' ']
+  ])
+})
+
+test('ignore unclosed per token request', () => {
+  function token(css, opts) {
+    let processor = tokenizer(new Input(css), opts)
+    let tokens = []
+    while (!processor.endOfFile()) {
+      tokens.push(processor.nextToken({ ignoreUnclosed: true }))
+    }
+    return tokens
+  }
+
+  let css = "How's it going ("
+  let tokens = token(css, {})
+  let expected = [
+    ['word', 'How', 0, 2],
+    ['string', "'s", 3, 4],
+    ['space', ' '],
+    ['word', 'it', 6, 7],
+    ['space', ' '],
+    ['word', 'going', 9, 13],
+    ['space', ' '],
+    ['(', '(', 15]
+  ]
+
+  equal(tokens, expected)
+})
+
+test('provides correct position', () => {
+  let css = 'Three tokens'
+  let processor = tokenizer(new Input(css))
+  is(processor.position(), 0)
+  processor.nextToken()
+  is(processor.position(), 5)
+  processor.nextToken()
+  is(processor.position(), 6)
+  processor.nextToken()
+  is(processor.position(), 12)
+  processor.nextToken()
+  is(processor.position(), 12)
+})
+
+test.run()
diff --git a/test/types.ts b/test/types.ts
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..4f7b861d8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/types.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,64 @@
+import postcss, { Document, PluginCreator } from '../lib/postcss.js'
+import { RootRaws } from '../lib/root.js'
+
+const plugin: PluginCreator<string> = prop => {
+  return {
+    Declaration: (decl, { Comment, result }) => {
+      if (decl.prop === prop) {
+        decl.warn(result, `${decl.prop} found in ${decl.parent?.nodes.length}`)
+        decl.replaceWith(new Comment({ text: `${decl.prop} removed` }))
+      }
+    },
+    postcssPlugin: 'remover'
+  }
+}
+
+plugin.postcss = true
+
+postcss([plugin])
+  .process('h1{color: black;}', {
+    from: undefined
+  })
+  .then(result => {
+    console.log(result.root.parent)
+    console.log(result.css)
+  })
+
+function parseMarkdown(): Document {
+  return new Document()
+}
+
+let doc = postcss().process('a{}', { parser: parseMarkdown }).root
+console.log(doc.toString())
+
+function parentCanNarrowType(): never | void {
+  let atRule = postcss.parse('@a{b{}}').first
+  if (atRule?.type !== 'atrule') return
+  let rule = atRule.first
+  if (rule?.type !== 'rule') return
+  let parent = rule.parent
+  switch (parent?.type) {
+    case undefined:
+      console.log('ok')
+      break
+    case 'atrule':
+      console.log(parent.params)
+      break
+    case 'root':
+      {
+        let raws: RootRaws = parent.raws
+        console.log(raws)
+      }
+      break
+    case 'rule':
+      console.log(rule.selector)
+      break
+    default: {
+      let exhaustiveCheck: never = parent
+      return exhaustiveCheck
+    }
+  }
+}
+parentCanNarrowType()
+
+export default plugin
diff --git a/test/vendor.js b/test/vendor.js
deleted file mode 100644
index 9da82ae7b..000000000
--- a/test/vendor.js
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,25 +0,0 @@
-import vendor from '../lib/vendor';
-
-import { expect } from 'chai';
-
-describe('vendor', () => {
-
-    describe('.prefix()', () => {
-
-        it('returns prefix',() => {
-            expect(vendor.prefix('-moz-color')).to.eql('-moz-');
-            expect(vendor.prefix('color'     )).to.eql('');
-        });
-
-    });
-
-    describe('.unprefixed()', () => {
-
-        it('returns unprefixed version', () => {
-            expect(vendor.unprefixed('-moz-color')).to.eql('color');
-            expect(vendor.unprefixed('color'     )).to.eql('color');
-        });
-
-    });
-
-});
diff --git a/test/version.js b/test/version.js
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..0934db2c8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/version.js
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env node
+
+let Processor = require('../lib/processor')
+let pkg = require('../package')
+
+let instance = new Processor()
+if (pkg.version !== instance.version) {
+  throw new Error('Version in Processor is not equal to package.json')
+}
diff --git a/test/visitor.test.ts b/test/visitor.test.ts
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..d1699eedb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/visitor.test.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,1672 @@
+import { delay } from 'nanodelay'
+import { basename, resolve } from 'path'
+import { test } from 'uvu'
+import { equal, is, throws, type } from 'uvu/assert'
+
+import postcss, {
+  AnyNode,
+  AtRule,
+  Container,
+  Declaration,
+  Helpers,
+  Plugin,
+  PluginCreator,
+  Root,
+  Rule
+} from '../lib/postcss.js'
+
+function hasAlready(parent: Container | undefined, selector: string): boolean {
+  if (typeof parent === 'undefined') return false
+  return (
+    parent.nodes?.some(i => {
+      return i.type === 'rule' && i.selectors.includes(selector)
+    }) ?? false
+  )
+}
+
+function addIndex(array: any[][]): any[][] {
+  return array.map((i, index) => {
+    return [index, ...i]
+  })
+}
+
+function buildVisitor(): [[string, string][], Plugin] {
+  let visits: [string, string][] = []
+  let visitor: Plugin = {
+    AtRule(i) {
+      visits.push(['AtRule', i.name])
+    },
+    AtRuleExit(i) {
+      visits.push(['AtRuleExit', i.name])
+    },
+    Comment(i) {
+      visits.push(['Comment', i.text])
+    },
+    CommentExit(i) {
+      visits.push(['CommentExit', i.text])
+    },
+    Declaration(i) {
+      visits.push(['Declaration', i.prop + ': ' + i.value])
+    },
+    DeclarationExit(i) {
+      visits.push(['DeclarationExit', i.prop + ': ' + i.value])
+    },
+    Document(i) {
+      visits.push(['Document', `${i.nodes.length}`])
+    },
+    DocumentExit(i) {
+      visits.push(['DocumentExit', `${i.nodes.length}`])
+    },
+    Once(i) {
+      visits.push(['Once', `${i.nodes.length}`])
+    },
+    OnceExit(i) {
+      visits.push(['OnceExit', `${i.nodes.length}`])
+    },
+    postcssPlugin: 'visitor',
+    Root(i) {
+      visits.push(['Root', `${i.nodes.length}`])
+    },
+    RootExit(i) {
+      visits.push(['RootExit', `${i.nodes.length}`])
+    },
+    Rule(i) {
+      visits.push(['Rule', i.selector])
+    },
+    RuleExit(i) {
+      visits.push(['RuleExit', i.selector])
+    }
+  }
+  return [visits, visitor]
+}
+
+let replaceColorGreenClassic: Plugin = {
+  Once(root) {
+    root.walkDecls('color', decl => {
+      decl.value = 'green'
+    })
+  },
+  postcssPlugin: 'replace-color'
+}
+
+let willChangeVisitor: Plugin = {
+  Declaration(node) {
+    if (node.prop !== 'will-change') return
+    if (!node.parent) return
+
+    let already = node.parent.some(i => {
+      return i.type === 'decl' && i.prop === 'backface-visibility'
+    })
+    if (already) return
+
+    node.cloneBefore({ prop: 'backface-visibility', value: 'hidden' })
+  },
+  postcssPlugin: 'will-change'
+}
+
+let addPropsVisitor: Plugin = {
+  Declaration(node) {
+    if (node.prop !== 'will-change') return
+
+    node.root().walkDecls('color', decl => {
+      if (!decl.parent) return
+      let already = decl.parent.some(i => {
+        return i.type === 'decl' && i.prop === 'will-change'
+      })
+      if (already) return
+
+      decl.cloneBefore({ prop: 'will-change', value: 'transform' })
+    })
+  },
+  postcssPlugin: 'add-props'
+}
+
+let replaceAllButRedToGreen: Plugin = {
+  Declaration(node) {
+    if (node.prop === 'color' && node.value !== 'red') {
+      node.value = 'green'
+    }
+  },
+  postcssPlugin: 'replace-not-red-to-green'
+}
+
+let replaceGreenToRed: Plugin = {
+  Declaration(node) {
+    if (node.prop === 'color' && node.value === 'green') {
+      node.value = 'red'
+    }
+  },
+  postcssPlugin: 'replace-green-to-red'
+}
+
+let replacePrintToMobile: Plugin = {
+  AtRule(node) {
+    if (node.params === '(print)') {
+      node.params = '(mobile)'
+    }
+  },
+  postcssPlugin: 'replace-to-mobile'
+}
+
+let replaceScreenToPrint: Plugin = {
+  AtRule(node) {
+    if (node.params === '(screen)') {
+      node.params = '(print)'
+    }
+  },
+  postcssPlugin: 'replace-to-print'
+}
+
+let postcssFocus: Plugin = {
+  postcssPlugin: 'postcss-focus',
+  Rule(rule) {
+    if (rule.selector.includes(':hover')) {
+      let focuses: string[] = []
+      rule.selectors.forEach(selector => {
+        if (selector.includes(':hover')) {
+          let replaced = selector.replace(/:hover/g, ':focus')
+          if (!hasAlready(rule.parent, replaced)) {
+            focuses.push(replaced)
+          }
+        }
+      })
+      if (focuses.length) {
+        rule.selectors = rule.selectors.concat(focuses)
+      }
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+let hidden: Plugin = {
+  Declaration(decl) {
+    if (decl.prop !== 'display') return
+
+    let value = decl.value
+    let rule = decl.parent as Rule
+
+    if (value.includes('disappear')) {
+      decl.cloneBefore({
+        prop: 'display',
+        value: 'none !important'
+      })
+      decl.cloneBefore({
+        prop: 'visibility',
+        value: 'hidden'
+      })
+
+      decl.remove()
+    }
+
+    if (value.includes('hidden')) {
+      let ruleSelectors = rule.selectors.map(i => {
+        return `${i}.focusable:active,${i}.focusable:focus`
+      })
+
+      let newRule = rule.cloneAfter({ selectors: ruleSelectors }).removeAll()
+      newRule.append('display: table; position: static; clear: both;')
+
+      decl.cloneBefore({ prop: 'position', value: 'absolute' })
+      decl.cloneBefore({ prop: 'width', value: '1px' })
+      decl.cloneBefore({ prop: 'height', value: '1px' })
+      decl.cloneBefore({ prop: 'margin', value: '-1px' })
+      decl.cloneBefore({ prop: 'padding', value: '0' })
+      decl.cloneBefore({ prop: 'border', value: '0' })
+      decl.cloneBefore({ prop: 'overflow', value: 'hidden' })
+      decl.cloneBefore({ prop: 'clip', value: 'rect(0 0 0 0)' })
+      decl.remove()
+    }
+
+    if (value.includes('invisible')) {
+      decl.cloneBefore({ prop: 'visibility', value: 'hidden' })
+      decl.remove()
+    }
+  },
+  postcssPlugin: 'hidden'
+}
+
+function createPlugin(creator: () => Plugin): PluginCreator<void> {
+  let result = creator as PluginCreator<void>
+  result.postcss = true
+  return result
+}
+
+let postcssAlias = createPlugin(() => {
+  let aliases: any = {}
+  return {
+    Declaration(decl) {
+      let value = aliases[decl.prop]
+      if (value !== undefined) {
+        decl.replaceWith({
+          important: decl.important,
+          prop: value,
+          value: decl.value
+        })
+      }
+    },
+    Once(root) {
+      root.walkAtRules('alias', rule => {
+        rule.walkDecls(decl => {
+          aliases[decl.prop] = decl.value
+        })
+        rule.remove()
+      })
+    },
+    postcssPlugin: 'postcss-alias'
+  }
+})
+
+test('works classic plugin replace-color', async () => {
+  let { css } = await postcss([replaceColorGreenClassic]).process(
+    '.a{ color: red; } ' + '.b{ will-change: transform; }',
+    {
+      from: 'a.css'
+    }
+  )
+  is(css, '.a{ color: green; } ' + '.b{ will-change: transform; }')
+})
+
+test('works visitor plugin will-change', () => {
+  let { css } = postcss([willChangeVisitor]).process(
+    '.foo { will-change: transform; }',
+    { from: 'a.css' }
+  )
+  is(css, '.foo { backface-visibility: hidden; will-change: transform; }')
+})
+
+test('works visitor plugin add-prop', async () => {
+  let { css } = await postcss([addPropsVisitor]).process(
+    '.a{ color: red; } .b{ will-change: transform; }',
+    {
+      from: 'a.css'
+    }
+  )
+  is(
+    css,
+    '.a{ will-change: transform; color: red; } ' +
+      '.b{ will-change: transform; }'
+  )
+})
+
+test('works visitor plugin add-prop in document with single root', async () => {
+  let document = postcss.document({
+    nodes: [postcss.parse('.a{ color: red; } .b{ will-change: transform; }')]
+  })
+
+  let { css } = await postcss([addPropsVisitor]).process(document, {
+    from: 'a.css'
+  })
+  is(
+    css,
+    '.a{ will-change: transform; color: red; } ' +
+      '.b{ will-change: transform; }'
+  )
+})
+
+test('works visitor plugin add-prop in document with two roots', async () => {
+  let document = postcss.document({
+    nodes: [
+      postcss.parse('.a{ color: red; }'),
+      postcss.parse('.b{ will-change: transform; }')
+    ]
+  })
+
+  let { css } = await postcss([addPropsVisitor]).process(document, {
+    from: 'a.css'
+  })
+  is(css, '.a{ color: red; }' + '.b{ will-change: transform; }')
+})
+
+test('works with at-rule params', () => {
+  let { css } = postcss([replacePrintToMobile, replaceScreenToPrint]).process(
+    '@media (screen) {}',
+    { from: 'a.css' }
+  )
+  is(css, '@media (mobile) {}')
+})
+
+function trackUnwrap(): [string[], Plugin] {
+  let order: string[] = []
+  let plugin: Plugin = {
+    postcssPlugin: 'unwrap-nested',
+    Rule(rule) {
+      order.push('Rule ' + rule.selector)
+      rule.each(child => {
+        if (child.type === 'rule') {
+          child.selector = rule.selector + ' ' + child.selector
+          rule.after(child)
+        }
+      })
+    },
+    RootExit() {
+      order.push('RootExit')
+    }
+  }
+  return [order, plugin]
+}
+
+test('visits nodes inserted after the current one before exit events', () => {
+  let [order, plugin] = trackUnwrap()
+  postcss([plugin]).process('a { b { c {} } }', { from: 'a.css' }).css
+  equal(order, [
+    'Rule a',
+    'Rule a b',
+    'Rule a b c',
+    'RootExit',
+    'Rule a',
+    'Rule a b',
+    'RootExit'
+  ])
+})
+
+test('visits inserted siblings equally in sync and async walks', async () => {
+  let [syncOrder, syncPlugin] = trackUnwrap()
+  postcss([syncPlugin]).process('a { b { c {} } }', { from: 'a.css' }).css
+
+  let [asyncOrder, asyncPlugin] = trackUnwrap()
+  await postcss([asyncPlugin]).process('a { b { c {} } }', { from: 'a.css' })
+
+  equal(asyncOrder, syncOrder)
+})
+
+test('wraps node to proxies', () => {
+  let proxy: any
+  let root: Root | undefined
+  postcss({
+    Once(node) {
+      root = node
+    },
+    postcssPlugin: 'proxyCatcher',
+    Rule(node) {
+      proxy = node
+    }
+  }).process('a{color:black}', { from: 'a.css' }).css
+  if (!root) throw new Error('Nodes were not catched')
+  let rule = root.first as Rule
+  equal(proxy.proxyOf, rule)
+  equal(proxy.root().proxyOf, rule.root())
+  equal(proxy.nodes[0].proxyOf, rule.first)
+  equal(proxy.first.proxyOf, rule.first)
+  type(proxy.unknown, 'undefined')
+  is(
+    proxy.some((decl: Declaration) => decl.prop === 'color'),
+    true
+  )
+  is(
+    proxy.every((decl: Declaration) => decl.prop === 'color'),
+    true
+  )
+  let props: string[] = []
+  proxy.walkDecls((decl: Declaration) => props.push(decl.prop))
+  equal(props, ['color'])
+})
+
+let cssThree = '.a{ color: red; } .b{ will-change: transform; }'
+
+let expectedThree =
+  '.a{ ' +
+  'backface-visibility: hidden; ' +
+  'will-change: transform; ' +
+  'color: green; ' +
+  '} ' +
+  '.b{ backface-visibility: hidden; will-change: transform; }'
+
+test('work of three plug-ins; sequence 1', async () => {
+  let { css } = await postcss([
+    replaceColorGreenClassic,
+    willChangeVisitor,
+    addPropsVisitor
+  ]).process(cssThree, { from: 'a.css' })
+  is(css, expectedThree)
+})
+
+test('work of three plug-ins; sequence 2', async () => {
+  let { css } = await postcss([
+    addPropsVisitor,
+    replaceColorGreenClassic,
+    willChangeVisitor
+  ]).process(cssThree, { from: 'a.css' })
+  is(css, expectedThree)
+})
+
+let cssThreeDocument = postcss.document({
+  nodes: [
+    postcss.parse('.a{ color: red; }'),
+    postcss.parse('.b{ will-change: transform; }')
+  ]
+})
+
+let expectedThreeDocument =
+  '.a{ color: green; }' +
+  '.b{ backface-visibility: hidden; will-change: transform; }'
+
+test('work of three plug-ins in a document; sequence 1', async () => {
+  let { css } = await postcss([
+    replaceColorGreenClassic,
+    willChangeVisitor,
+    addPropsVisitor
+  ]).process(cssThreeDocument, { from: 'a.css' })
+  is(css, expectedThreeDocument)
+})
+
+test('work of three plug-ins in a document; sequence 2', async () => {
+  let { css } = await postcss([
+    addPropsVisitor,
+    replaceColorGreenClassic,
+    willChangeVisitor
+  ]).process(cssThreeDocument, { from: 'a.css' })
+  is(css, expectedThreeDocument)
+})
+
+let cssThroughProps = '.a{color: yellow;}'
+let expectedThroughProps = '.a{color: red;}'
+
+test('change in node values through props; sequence 1', async () => {
+  let { css } = await postcss([
+    replaceGreenToRed,
+    replaceAllButRedToGreen
+  ]).process(cssThroughProps, { from: 'a.css' })
+  is(css, expectedThroughProps)
+})
+
+test('change in node values through props; sequence 2', async () => {
+  let { css } = await postcss([
+    replaceAllButRedToGreen,
+    replaceGreenToRed
+  ]).process(cssThroughProps, { from: 'a.css' })
+  is(css, expectedThroughProps)
+})
+
+test('works visitor plugin postcss-focus', async () => {
+  let input = '*:focus { outline: 0; }.button:hover { background: red; }'
+  let expected =
+    '*:focus { outline: 0; }' +
+    '.button:hover, .button:focus { background: red; }'
+  let { css } = await postcss([postcssFocus]).process(input, { from: 'a.css' })
+  is(css, expected)
+})
+
+test('works visitor plugin hidden', async () => {
+  let input = 'h2{' + 'display: hidden;' + '}'
+
+  let expected =
+    'h2{' +
+    'position: absolute;' +
+    'width: 1px;' +
+    'height: 1px;' +
+    'margin: -1px;' +
+    'padding: 0;' +
+    'border: 0;' +
+    'overflow: hidden;' +
+    'clip: rect(0 0 0 0);' +
+    '}' +
+    'h2.focusable:active,' +
+    'h2.focusable:focus{' +
+    'display: table;' +
+    'position: static;' +
+    'clear: both;' +
+    '}'
+
+  let { css } = await postcss([hidden]).process(input, { from: 'a.css' })
+  is(css, expected)
+})
+
+let cssFocusHidden =
+  '*:focus { outline: 0; }' +
+  '.button:hover { background: red; }' +
+  'h2:hover{' +
+  'display: hidden;' +
+  '}'
+
+let expectedFocusHidden =
+  '*:focus { outline: 0; }' +
+  '.button:hover, .button:focus { background: red; }' +
+  'h2:hover,h2:focus{' +
+  'position: absolute;' +
+  'width: 1px;' +
+  'height: 1px;' +
+  'margin: -1px;' +
+  'padding: 0;' +
+  'border: 0;' +
+  'overflow: hidden;' +
+  'clip: rect(0 0 0 0);' +
+  '}' +
+  'h2:hover.focusable:active,' +
+  'h2:hover.focusable:focus,' +
+  'h2:focus.focusable:active,' +
+  'h2:focus.focusable:focus{' +
+  'display: table;' +
+  'position: static;' +
+  'clear: both;' +
+  '}'
+
+test('works visitor plugins postcss-focus and hidden; sequence 1', async () => {
+  let { css } = await postcss([hidden, postcssFocus]).process(cssFocusHidden, {
+    from: 'a.css'
+  })
+  is(css, expectedFocusHidden)
+})
+
+test('works visitor plugins postcss-focus and hidden; sequence 2', async () => {
+  let { css } = await postcss([postcssFocus, hidden]).process(cssFocusHidden, {
+    from: 'a.css'
+  })
+  is(css, expectedFocusHidden)
+})
+
+test('works visitor plugin postcss-alias', () => {
+  let input =
+    '@alias { fs: font-size; bg: background; }' +
+    '.aliased { fs: 16px; bg: white; }'
+  let expected = '.aliased { font-size: 16px; background: white; }'
+  let { css } = postcss([postcssAlias]).process(input, { from: 'a.css' })
+  is(css, expected)
+})
+
+test('adds plugin to error', () => {
+  let broken: Plugin = {
+    postcssPlugin: 'broken',
+    Rule(rule) {
+      throw rule.error('test')
+    }
+  }
+  let error: any
+  try {
+    postcss([broken]).process('a{}', { from: 'broken.css' }).css
+  } catch (e) {
+    error = e
+  }
+  is(error.message, `broken: ${resolve('broken.css')}:1:1: test`)
+  is(error.postcssNode.toString(), 'a{}')
+  is(error.stack.includes('broken.css:1:1'), true)
+})
+
+test('adds plugin to async error', async () => {
+  let broken: Plugin = {
+    postcssPlugin: 'broken',
+    async Rule(rule) {
+      await delay(1)
+      throw rule.error('test')
+    }
+  }
+  let error: any
+  try {
+    await postcss([broken]).process('a{}', { from: 'broken.css' })
+  } catch (e) {
+    error = e
+  }
+  is(error.message, `broken: ${resolve('broken.css')}:1:1: test`)
+  is(error.postcssNode.toString(), 'a{}')
+  is(error.stack.includes('broken.css:1:1'), true)
+})
+
+test('adds sync plugin to async error', async () => {
+  let broken: Plugin = {
+    postcssPlugin: 'broken',
+    Rule(rule) {
+      throw rule.error('test')
+    }
+  }
+  let error: any
+  try {
+    await postcss([broken]).process('a{}', { from: 'broken.css' })
+  } catch (e) {
+    error = e
+  }
+  is(error.message, `broken: ${resolve('broken.css')}:1:1: test`)
+  is(error.postcssNode.toString(), 'a{}')
+  is(error.stack.includes('broken.css:1:1'), true)
+})
+
+test('adds node to error', () => {
+  let broken: Plugin = {
+    postcssPlugin: 'broken',
+    Rule() {
+      throw new Error('test')
+    }
+  }
+  let error: any
+  try {
+    postcss([broken]).process('a{}', { from: 'broken.css' }).css
+  } catch (e) {
+    error = e
+  }
+  is(error.message, 'test')
+  is(error.postcssNode.toString(), 'a{}')
+  is(error.stack.includes('broken.css:1:1'), true)
+})
+
+test('adds node to async error', async () => {
+  let broken: Plugin = {
+    postcssPlugin: 'broken',
+    async Rule() {
+      await delay(1)
+      throw new Error('test')
+    }
+  }
+  let error: any
+  try {
+    await postcss([broken]).process('a{}', { from: 'broken.css' })
+  } catch (e) {
+    error = e
+  }
+  is(error.message, 'test')
+  is(error.postcssNode.toString(), 'a{}')
+  is(error.stack.includes('broken.css:1:1'), true)
+})
+
+test('shows error on sync call async plugins', () => {
+  let asyncPlugin: Plugin = {
+    postcssPlugin: 'asyncPlugin',
+    async Rule() {}
+  }
+  let error: any
+  try {
+    postcss([asyncPlugin]).process('a{}', { from: 'broken.css' }).css
+  } catch (e) {
+    error = e
+  }
+  is(error.message.includes('work with async plugins'), true)
+})
+
+test('passes helpers', async () => {
+  function check(node: AnyNode, helpers: Helpers): void {
+    equal(helpers.result.messages, [])
+    is(typeof helpers.postcss, 'function')
+    is(helpers.comment().type, 'comment')
+    is(new helpers.Comment().type, 'comment')
+    equal(helpers.list, postcss.list)
+  }
+
+  let syncPlugin: Plugin = {
+    Once: check,
+    OnceExit: check,
+    postcssPlugin: 'syncPlugin',
+    Rule: check,
+    RuleExit: check
+  }
+
+  let asyncPlugin: Plugin = {
+    async Once(node, helpers) {
+      await delay(1)
+      check(node, helpers)
+    },
+    async OnceExit(node, helpers) {
+      await delay(1)
+      check(node, helpers)
+    },
+    postcssPlugin: 'syncPlugin',
+    async Rule(node, helpers) {
+      await delay(1)
+      check(node, helpers)
+    }
+  }
+
+  postcss([syncPlugin]).process('a{}', { from: 'a.css' }).css
+  await postcss([asyncPlugin]).process('a{}', { from: 'a.css' })
+})
+
+test('passes helpers in a document', async () => {
+  function check(node: AnyNode, helpers: Helpers): void {
+    equal(helpers.result.messages, [])
+    type(helpers.postcss, 'function')
+    is(helpers.comment().type, 'comment')
+    is(new helpers.Comment().type, 'comment')
+    equal(helpers.list, postcss.list)
+  }
+
+  let syncPlugin: Plugin = {
+    Once: check,
+    OnceExit: check,
+    postcssPlugin: 'syncPlugin',
+    Rule: check,
+    RuleExit: check
+  }
+
+  let asyncPlugin: Plugin = {
+    async Once(node, helpers) {
+      await delay(1)
+      check(node, helpers)
+    },
+    async OnceExit(node, helpers) {
+      await delay(1)
+      check(node, helpers)
+    },
+    postcssPlugin: 'syncPlugin',
+    async Rule(node, helpers) {
+      await delay(1)
+      check(node, helpers)
+    }
+  }
+
+  postcss([syncPlugin]).process(
+    postcss.document({ nodes: [postcss.parse('a{}')] }),
+    { from: 'a.css' }
+  ).css
+  await postcss([asyncPlugin]).process(
+    postcss.document({ nodes: [postcss.parse('a{}')] }),
+    { from: 'a.css' }
+  )
+})
+
+test('detects non-changed values', () => {
+  let plugin: Plugin = {
+    Declaration(decl) {
+      decl.value = 'red'
+    },
+    postcssPlugin: 'test'
+  }
+  is(
+    postcss([plugin]).process('a{ color: black; background: white; }', {
+      from: 'a.css'
+    }).css,
+    'a{ color: red; background: red; }'
+  )
+})
+
+test('allows runtime listeners', () => {
+  let root = false
+  let plugin: Plugin = {
+    Declaration(decl) {
+      decl.value = 'red'
+    },
+    postcssPlugin: 'test',
+    prepare(result) {
+      return {
+        Once() {
+          root = true
+        },
+        Rule(rule) {
+          rule.selector = basename(result.opts.from ?? '')
+        }
+      }
+    }
+  }
+  is(
+    postcss([plugin]).process('a{ color: black }', { from: 'a.css' }).css,
+    'a.css{ color: red }'
+  )
+  is(root, true)
+})
+
+test('works correctly with nodes changes', () => {
+  let plugin: Plugin = {
+    postcssPlugin: 'test',
+    Rule(rule) {
+      if (!rule.some(i => i.type === 'decl' && i.prop === 'z-index')) {
+        rule.prepend({ prop: 'z-index', value: '1' })
+      }
+    }
+  }
+  is(
+    postcss([plugin]).process('a{ color: black }', { from: 'a.css' }).css,
+    'a{ z-index: 1; color: black }'
+  )
+})
+
+test('throws error on unknown plugin property', () => {
+  let plugin: any = {
+    NO: true,
+    postcssPlugin: 'test'
+  }
+  throws(() => {
+    postcss([plugin]).process('').css
+  }, /Unknown event NO in test\. Try to update PostCSS \(\d/)
+})
+
+test('unwraps nodes on inserting', () => {
+  let moveNode: Plugin = {
+    Declaration: {
+      color: decl => {
+        if (decl.parent?.type !== 'root') {
+          decl.root().append(decl)
+        }
+      }
+    },
+    postcssPlugin: 'moveNode'
+  }
+
+  let root = postcss([moveNode]).process('a{color:red}').root
+  equal((root.last as any).proxyOf, root.last)
+})
+
+let redToGreen: Plugin = {
+  Declaration: {
+    color: decl => {
+      if (decl.value === 'red') {
+        decl.value = 'green'
+      }
+    }
+  },
+  postcssPlugin: 'redToGreen'
+}
+
+let greenToBlue: Plugin = {
+  Declaration(decl) {
+    if (decl.value === 'green') {
+      decl.value = 'blue'
+    }
+  },
+  postcssPlugin: 'greenToBlue'
+}
+
+let fooToBar: Plugin = {
+  postcssPlugin: 'fooToBar',
+  Rule(rule) {
+    if (rule.selector === '.foo') {
+      rule.selectors = ['.bar']
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+let mixins: Plugin = {
+  postcssPlugin: 'mixin',
+  prepare() {
+    let mixin: AnyNode | undefined
+    return {
+      AtRule: {
+        'apply-mixin': atRule => {
+          if (mixin) atRule.replaceWith(mixin)
+        },
+        'define-mixin': atRule => {
+          if (atRule.first) mixin = atRule.first
+          atRule.remove()
+        }
+      }
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+let insertFirst: Plugin = {
+  AtRule: {
+    'insert-first': atRule => {
+      let first = atRule.root().first
+      if (first) atRule.replaceWith(first)
+    }
+  },
+  postcssPlugin: 'insertFirst'
+}
+
+for (let funcType of ['sync', 'async']) {
+  test(`walks ${funcType} through tree`, async () => {
+    let [visits, visitor] = buildVisitor()
+    let processor = postcss([visitor]).process(
+      `@media screen {
+        body {
+          /* comment */
+          background: white;
+          padding: 10px;
+        }
+        a {
+          color: blue;
+        }
+      }`,
+      { from: 'a.css' }
+    )
+    if (funcType === 'sync') {
+      processor.css
+    } else {
+      await processor
+    }
+    equal(
+      addIndex(visits),
+      addIndex([
+        ['Once', '1'],
+        ['Root', '1'],
+        ['AtRule', 'media'],
+        ['Rule', 'body'],
+        ['Comment', 'comment'],
+        ['CommentExit', 'comment'],
+        ['Declaration', 'background: white'],
+        ['DeclarationExit', 'background: white'],
+        ['Declaration', 'padding: 10px'],
+        ['DeclarationExit', 'padding: 10px'],
+        ['RuleExit', 'body'],
+        ['Rule', 'a'],
+        ['Declaration', 'color: blue'],
+        ['DeclarationExit', 'color: blue'],
+        ['RuleExit', 'a'],
+        ['AtRuleExit', 'media'],
+        ['RootExit', '1'],
+        ['OnceExit', '1']
+      ])
+    )
+  })
+
+  test(`walks ${funcType} through tree in a document`, async () => {
+    let document = postcss.document({
+      nodes: [
+        postcss.parse(`@media screen {
+          body {
+            /* comment */
+            background: white;
+            padding: 10px;
+          }
+          a {
+            color: blue;
+          }
+        }`)
+      ]
+    })
+
+    let [visits, visitor] = buildVisitor()
+    let processor = postcss([visitor]).process(document, { from: 'a.css' })
+    if (funcType === 'sync') {
+      processor.css
+    } else {
+      await processor
+    }
+
+    equal(
+      addIndex(visits),
+      addIndex([
+        ['Once', '1'],
+        ['Document', '1'],
+        ['Root', '1'],
+        ['AtRule', 'media'],
+        ['Rule', 'body'],
+        ['Comment', 'comment'],
+        ['CommentExit', 'comment'],
+        ['Declaration', 'background: white'],
+        ['DeclarationExit', 'background: white'],
+        ['Declaration', 'padding: 10px'],
+        ['DeclarationExit', 'padding: 10px'],
+        ['RuleExit', 'body'],
+        ['Rule', 'a'],
+        ['Declaration', 'color: blue'],
+        ['DeclarationExit', 'color: blue'],
+        ['RuleExit', 'a'],
+        ['AtRuleExit', 'media'],
+        ['RootExit', '1'],
+        ['DocumentExit', '1'],
+        ['OnceExit', '1']
+      ])
+    )
+  })
+
+  test(`walks ${funcType} during transformations`, async () => {
+    let [visits, visitor] = buildVisitor()
+    let result = postcss([
+      visitor,
+      redToGreen,
+      greenToBlue,
+      mixins,
+      fooToBar,
+      insertFirst
+    ]).process(
+      `.first {
+          color: red;
+        }
+        @define-mixin {
+          b {
+            color: red;
+          }
+        }
+        a {
+          color: red;
+        }
+        @media (screen) {
+          @insert-first;
+        }
+        .foo {
+          background: red;
+        }
+        @apply-mixin;`,
+      { from: 'a.css' }
+    )
+    let output
+    if (funcType === 'sync') {
+      output = result.css
+    } else {
+      output = (await result).css
+    }
+    is(
+      output,
+      `a {
+          color: blue;
+        }
+        @media (screen) {.first {
+          color: blue;
+        }
+        }
+        .bar {
+          background: red;
+        }
+        b {
+            color: blue;
+          }`
+    )
+    equal(
+      addIndex(visits),
+      addIndex([
+        ['Once', '6'],
+        ['Root', '6'],
+        ['Rule', '.first'],
+        ['Declaration', 'color: red'],
+        ['DeclarationExit', 'color: green'],
+        ['RuleExit', '.first'],
+        ['AtRule', 'define-mixin'],
+        ['Rule', 'a'],
+        ['Declaration', 'color: red'],
+        ['DeclarationExit', 'color: green'],
+        ['RuleExit', 'a'],
+        ['AtRule', 'media'],
+        ['AtRule', 'insert-first'],
+        ['AtRuleExit', 'media'],
+        ['Rule', '.foo'],
+        ['Declaration', 'background: red'],
+        ['DeclarationExit', 'background: red'],
+        ['RuleExit', '.bar'],
+        ['AtRule', 'apply-mixin'],
+        ['RootExit', '4'],
+        ['Root', '4'],
+        ['Rule', 'a'],
+        ['Declaration', 'color: green'],
+        ['DeclarationExit', 'color: blue'],
+        ['RuleExit', 'a'],
+        ['AtRule', 'media'],
+        ['Rule', '.first'],
+        ['Declaration', 'color: green'],
+        ['DeclarationExit', 'color: blue'],
+        ['RuleExit', '.first'],
+        ['AtRuleExit', 'media'],
+        ['Rule', 'b'],
+        ['Declaration', 'color: red'],
+        ['DeclarationExit', 'color: green'],
+        ['RuleExit', 'b'],
+        ['RootExit', '4'],
+        ['Root', '4'],
+        ['Rule', 'a'],
+        ['Declaration', 'color: blue'],
+        ['DeclarationExit', 'color: blue'],
+        ['RuleExit', 'a'],
+        ['AtRule', 'media'],
+        ['Rule', '.first'],
+        ['Declaration', 'color: blue'],
+        ['DeclarationExit', 'color: blue'],
+        ['RuleExit', '.first'],
+        ['AtRuleExit', 'media'],
+        ['Rule', 'b'],
+        ['Declaration', 'color: green'],
+        ['DeclarationExit', 'color: blue'],
+        ['RuleExit', 'b'],
+        ['RootExit', '4'],
+        ['Root', '4'],
+        ['Rule', 'b'],
+        ['Declaration', 'color: blue'],
+        ['DeclarationExit', 'color: blue'],
+        ['RuleExit', 'b'],
+        ['RootExit', '4'],
+        ['OnceExit', '4']
+      ])
+    )
+  })
+
+  test(`walks ${funcType} during transformations in a document`, async () => {
+    let document = postcss.document({
+      nodes: [
+        postcss.parse(
+          `.first {
+            color: red;
+          }
+          @define-mixin {
+            b {
+              color: red;
+            }
+          }
+          a {
+            color: red;
+          }
+          @media (screen) {
+            @insert-first;
+          }
+          .foo {
+            background: red;
+          }
+          @apply-mixin;`
+        )
+      ]
+    })
+
+    let [visits, visitor] = buildVisitor()
+    let result = postcss([
+      visitor,
+      redToGreen,
+      greenToBlue,
+      mixins,
+      fooToBar,
+      insertFirst
+    ]).process(document, { from: 'a.css' })
+    let output
+    if (funcType === 'sync') {
+      output = result.css
+    } else {
+      output = (await result).css
+    }
+
+    is(
+      output,
+      `a {
+            color: blue;
+          }
+          @media (screen) {.first {
+            color: blue;
+          }
+          }
+          .bar {
+            background: red;
+          }
+          b {
+              color: blue;
+            }`
+    )
+    equal(
+      addIndex(visits),
+      addIndex([
+        ['Once', '6'],
+        ['Document', '1'],
+        ['Root', '6'],
+        ['Rule', '.first'],
+        ['Declaration', 'color: red'],
+        ['DeclarationExit', 'color: green'],
+        ['RuleExit', '.first'],
+        ['AtRule', 'define-mixin'],
+        ['Rule', 'a'],
+        ['Declaration', 'color: red'],
+        ['DeclarationExit', 'color: green'],
+        ['RuleExit', 'a'],
+        ['AtRule', 'media'],
+        ['AtRule', 'insert-first'],
+        ['AtRuleExit', 'media'],
+        ['Rule', '.foo'],
+        ['Declaration', 'background: red'],
+        ['DeclarationExit', 'background: red'],
+        ['RuleExit', '.bar'],
+        ['AtRule', 'apply-mixin'],
+        ['RootExit', '4'],
+        ['DocumentExit', '1'],
+        ['Document', '1'],
+        ['Root', '4'],
+        ['Rule', 'a'],
+        ['Declaration', 'color: green'],
+        ['DeclarationExit', 'color: blue'],
+        ['RuleExit', 'a'],
+        ['AtRule', 'media'],
+        ['Rule', '.first'],
+        ['Declaration', 'color: green'],
+        ['DeclarationExit', 'color: blue'],
+        ['RuleExit', '.first'],
+        ['AtRuleExit', 'media'],
+        ['Rule', 'b'],
+        ['Declaration', 'color: red'],
+        ['DeclarationExit', 'color: green'],
+        ['RuleExit', 'b'],
+        ['RootExit', '4'],
+        ['DocumentExit', '1'],
+        ['Document', '1'],
+        ['Root', '4'],
+        ['Rule', 'a'],
+        ['Declaration', 'color: blue'],
+        ['DeclarationExit', 'color: blue'],
+        ['RuleExit', 'a'],
+        ['AtRule', 'media'],
+        ['Rule', '.first'],
+        ['Declaration', 'color: blue'],
+        ['DeclarationExit', 'color: blue'],
+        ['RuleExit', '.first'],
+        ['AtRuleExit', 'media'],
+        ['Rule', 'b'],
+        ['Declaration', 'color: green'],
+        ['DeclarationExit', 'color: blue'],
+        ['RuleExit', 'b'],
+        ['RootExit', '4'],
+        ['DocumentExit', '1'],
+        ['Document', '1'],
+        ['Root', '4'],
+        ['Rule', 'b'],
+        ['Declaration', 'color: blue'],
+        ['DeclarationExit', 'color: blue'],
+        ['RuleExit', 'b'],
+        ['RootExit', '4'],
+        ['DocumentExit', '1'],
+        ['OnceExit', '4']
+      ])
+    )
+  })
+
+  test(`has ${funcType} property and at-rule name filters`, async () => {
+    let filteredDecls: string[] = []
+    let allDecls: string[] = []
+    let filteredAtRules: string[] = []
+    let allAtRules: string[] = []
+    let allExits: string[] = []
+    let filteredExits: string[] = []
+
+    let scanner: Plugin = {
+      AtRule: {
+        '*': atRule => {
+          allAtRules.push(atRule.name)
+        },
+        'media': atRule => {
+          filteredAtRules.push(atRule.name)
+        }
+      },
+      Declaration: {
+        '*': decl => {
+          allDecls.push(decl.prop)
+        },
+        'color': decl => {
+          filteredDecls.push(decl.prop)
+        }
+      },
+      DeclarationExit: {
+        '*': decl => {
+          allExits.push(decl.prop)
+        },
+        'color': decl => {
+          filteredExits.push(decl.prop)
+        }
+      },
+      postcssPlugin: 'test'
+    }
+
+    let result = postcss([scanner]).process(
+      `@charset "UTF-8"; @media (screen) { COLOR: black; z-index: 1 }`,
+      { from: 'a.css' }
+    )
+    if (funcType === 'sync') {
+      result.css
+    } else {
+      await result
+    }
+
+    equal(filteredDecls, ['COLOR'])
+    equal(allDecls, ['COLOR', 'z-index'])
+    equal(filteredExits, ['COLOR'])
+    equal(allExits, ['COLOR', 'z-index'])
+    equal(filteredAtRules, ['media'])
+    equal(allAtRules, ['charset', 'media'])
+  })
+
+  test(`has ${funcType} property and at-rule name filters in a document`, async () => {
+    let filteredDecls: string[] = []
+    let allDecls: string[] = []
+    let filteredAtRules: string[] = []
+    let allAtRules: string[] = []
+    let allExits: string[] = []
+    let filteredExits: string[] = []
+
+    let scanner: Plugin = {
+      AtRule: {
+        '*': atRule => {
+          allAtRules.push(atRule.name)
+        },
+        'media': atRule => {
+          filteredAtRules.push(atRule.name)
+        }
+      },
+      Declaration: {
+        '*': decl => {
+          allDecls.push(decl.prop)
+        },
+        'color': decl => {
+          filteredDecls.push(decl.prop)
+        }
+      },
+      DeclarationExit: {
+        '*': decl => {
+          allExits.push(decl.prop)
+        },
+        'color': decl => {
+          filteredExits.push(decl.prop)
+        }
+      },
+      postcssPlugin: 'test'
+    }
+
+    let document = postcss.document({
+      nodes: [
+        postcss.parse(
+          `@charset "UTF-8"; @media (screen) { COLOR: black; z-index: 1 }`
+        )
+      ]
+    })
+
+    let result = postcss([scanner]).process(document, { from: 'a.css' })
+    if (funcType === 'sync') {
+      result.css
+    } else {
+      await result
+    }
+
+    equal(filteredDecls, ['COLOR'])
+    equal(allDecls, ['COLOR', 'z-index'])
+    equal(filteredExits, ['COLOR'])
+    equal(allExits, ['COLOR', 'z-index'])
+    equal(filteredAtRules, ['media'])
+    equal(allAtRules, ['charset', 'media'])
+  })
+
+  test(`has ${funcType} OnceExit listener`, async () => {
+    let rootExit = 0
+    let OnceExit = 0
+
+    let plugin: Plugin = {
+      OnceExit() {
+        OnceExit += 1
+      },
+      postcssPlugin: 'test',
+      RootExit() {
+        rootExit += 1
+      },
+      Rule(rule) {
+        rule.remove()
+      }
+    }
+
+    let result = postcss([plugin]).process('a{}', { from: 'a.css' })
+
+    if (funcType === 'sync') {
+      result.css
+    } else {
+      await result
+    }
+
+    is(rootExit, 2)
+    is(OnceExit, 1)
+  })
+
+  test(`has ${funcType} OnceExit listener in a document with one root`, async () => {
+    let RootExit = 0
+    let OnceExit = 0
+    let DocumentExit = 0
+
+    let plugin: Plugin = {
+      DocumentExit() {
+        DocumentExit += 1
+      },
+      OnceExit() {
+        OnceExit += 1
+      },
+      postcssPlugin: 'test',
+      RootExit() {
+        RootExit += 1
+      },
+      Rule(rule) {
+        rule.remove()
+      }
+    }
+
+    let document = postcss.document({
+      nodes: [postcss.parse('a{}')]
+    })
+
+    let result = postcss([plugin]).process(document, { from: 'a.css' })
+
+    if (funcType === 'sync') {
+      result.css
+    } else {
+      await result
+    }
+
+    is(RootExit, 2)
+    is(DocumentExit, 2)
+    is(OnceExit, 1)
+  })
+
+  test(`has ${funcType} OnceExit listener in a document with two roots`, async () => {
+    let RootExit = 0
+    let OnceExit = 0
+    let DocumentExit = 0
+
+    let plugin: Plugin = {
+      DocumentExit() {
+        DocumentExit += 1
+      },
+      OnceExit() {
+        OnceExit += 1
+      },
+      postcssPlugin: 'test',
+      RootExit() {
+        RootExit += 1
+      },
+      Rule(rule) {
+        rule.remove()
+      }
+    }
+
+    let document = postcss.document({
+      nodes: [postcss.parse('a{}'), postcss.parse('b{}')]
+    })
+
+    let result = postcss([plugin]).process(document, { from: 'a.css' })
+
+    if (funcType === 'sync') {
+      result.css
+    } else {
+      await result
+    }
+
+    is(RootExit, 4)
+    is(DocumentExit, 2)
+    is(OnceExit, 2) // 2 roots === 2 OnceExit
+  })
+}
+
+test('throws error from async OnceExit', async () => {
+  let plugin: Plugin = {
+    OnceExit() {
+      throw new Error('test Exit error')
+    },
+    postcssPlugin: 'test'
+  }
+
+  let result = postcss([plugin]).process('a{ color: black }', {
+    from: 'a.css'
+  })
+
+  let error: any
+  try {
+    await result
+  } catch (e) {
+    error = e
+  }
+
+  is(error.message, 'test Exit error')
+})
+
+test('rescan Root in another processor', () => {
+  let [visits, visitor] = buildVisitor()
+  let root = postcss([visitor]).process('a{z-index:1}', { from: 'a.css' }).root
+
+  visits.splice(0, visits.length)
+  postcss([visitor]).process(root, { from: 'a.css' }).root
+
+  equal(visits, [
+    ['Once', '1'],
+    ['Root', '1'],
+    ['Rule', 'a'],
+    ['Declaration', 'z-index: 1'],
+    ['DeclarationExit', 'z-index: 1'],
+    ['RuleExit', 'a'],
+    ['RootExit', '1'],
+    ['OnceExit', '1']
+  ])
+})
+
+test('rescan Root in another processor in a document', () => {
+  let [visits, visitor] = buildVisitor()
+  let root = postcss([visitor]).process('a{z-index:1}', { from: 'a.css' }).root
+  let document = postcss.document({ nodes: [root] })
+
+  visits.splice(0, visits.length)
+  postcss([visitor]).process(document, { from: 'a.css' }).root
+
+  equal(visits, [
+    ['Once', '1'],
+    ['Document', '1'],
+    ['Root', '1'],
+    ['Rule', 'a'],
+    ['Declaration', 'z-index: 1'],
+    ['DeclarationExit', 'z-index: 1'],
+    ['RuleExit', 'a'],
+    ['RootExit', '1'],
+    ['DocumentExit', '1'],
+    ['OnceExit', '1']
+  ])
+})
+
+test('marks cleaned nodes as dirty on moving', () => {
+  let mover: Plugin = {
+    postcssPlugin: 'mover',
+    Rule(rule) {
+      if (rule.selector === 'b') {
+        let a = rule.prev()
+        if (a) rule.append(a)
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  let [visits, visitor] = buildVisitor()
+  postcss([mover, visitor]).process('a { color: black } b { }', {
+    from: 'a.css'
+  }).root
+
+  equal(visits, [
+    ['Once', '2'],
+    ['Root', '2'],
+    ['Rule', 'a'],
+    ['Declaration', 'color: black'],
+    ['DeclarationExit', 'color: black'],
+    ['RuleExit', 'a'],
+    ['Rule', 'b'],
+    ['Rule', 'a'],
+    ['Declaration', 'color: black'],
+    ['DeclarationExit', 'color: black'],
+    ['RuleExit', 'a'],
+    ['RuleExit', 'b'],
+    ['RootExit', '1'],
+    ['Root', '1'],
+    ['Rule', 'b'],
+    ['RuleExit', 'b'],
+    ['RootExit', '1'],
+    ['OnceExit', '1']
+  ])
+})
+
+test('marks cleaned nodes as dirty on moving in a document', () => {
+  let mover: Plugin = {
+    postcssPlugin: 'mover',
+    Rule(rule) {
+      if (rule.selector === 'b') {
+        let a = rule.prev()
+        if (a) rule.append(a)
+      }
+    }
+  }
+  let [visits, visitor] = buildVisitor()
+
+  let document = postcss.document({
+    nodes: [postcss.parse('a { color: black } b { }')]
+  })
+
+  postcss([mover, visitor]).process(document, {
+    from: 'a.css'
+  }).root
+
+  equal(visits, [
+    ['Once', '2'],
+    ['Document', '1'],
+    ['Root', '2'],
+    ['Rule', 'a'],
+    ['Declaration', 'color: black'],
+    ['DeclarationExit', 'color: black'],
+    ['RuleExit', 'a'],
+    ['Rule', 'b'],
+    ['Rule', 'a'],
+    ['Declaration', 'color: black'],
+    ['DeclarationExit', 'color: black'],
+    ['RuleExit', 'a'],
+    ['RuleExit', 'b'],
+    ['RootExit', '1'],
+    ['DocumentExit', '1'],
+    ['Document', '1'],
+    ['Root', '1'],
+    ['Rule', 'b'],
+    ['RuleExit', 'b'],
+    ['RootExit', '1'],
+    ['DocumentExit', '1'],
+    ['OnceExit', '1']
+  ])
+})
+
+test('append works after reassigning nodes through .parent', async () => {
+  let plugin: Plugin = {
+    OnceExit(root) {
+      let firstNode = root.nodes[0] as AtRule
+      let secondNode = root.nodes[1] as AtRule
+      let rule2 = secondNode.nodes![0]
+      rule2.parent!.nodes = rule2.parent!.nodes
+      firstNode.append(...secondNode.nodes!)
+      secondNode.remove()
+    },
+
+    postcssPlugin: 'test',
+
+    Rule(rule) {
+      if (
+        !(
+          rule.selector === '.nested' &&
+          rule.nodes.length === 1 &&
+          rule.nodes[0].type === 'atrule'
+        )
+      ) {
+        return
+      }
+
+      let atrule = rule.nodes[0]
+
+      atrule.append(rule.clone({ nodes: [] }).append(...atrule.nodes!))
+
+      rule.after(atrule)
+      rule.remove()
+    }
+  }
+
+  let { css } = await postcss([plugin]).process(
+    postcss.parse(
+      `@media (min-width:640px) { .page { width: auto; } } ` +
+        `.nested { @media (min-width:640px) { width: auto; } }`
+    ),
+    { from: 'whatever' }
+  )
+
+  is(
+    css,
+    '@media (min-width:640px) { .page { width: auto; } .nested { width: auto } }'
+  )
+})
+
+test('does not overflow the stack on deeply nested nodes', () => {
+  // The recursive sync walking crashed at ~3000 levels of nesting
+  let depth = 6000
+  let css = 'a{'.repeat(depth) + 'color:black' + '}'.repeat(depth)
+
+  let visited = 0
+  let plugin: Plugin = {
+    Declaration(decl) {
+      decl.value = 'red'
+      visited += 1
+    },
+    postcssPlugin: 'deep-changer'
+  }
+
+  let result = postcss([plugin]).process(postcss.parse(css), {
+    from: undefined
+  }).css
+
+  // The changed declaration is revisited on the second pass
+  is(visited, 2)
+  is(result, 'a{'.repeat(depth) + 'color:red' + '}'.repeat(depth))
+})
+
+test.run()
diff --git a/test/warning.test.ts b/test/warning.test.ts
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..c96d14c44
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/warning.test.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,218 @@
+import { resolve } from 'path'
+import { test } from 'uvu'
+import { is, type } from 'uvu/assert'
+
+import { decl, Declaration, parse, Rule, Warning } from '../lib/postcss.js'
+
+test('outputs simple warning', () => {
+  let warning = new Warning('text')
+  is(warning.toString(), 'text')
+})
+
+test('outputs warning with plugin', () => {
+  let warning = new Warning('text', { plugin: 'plugin' })
+  is(warning.toString(), 'plugin: text')
+})
+
+test('outputs warning with position', () => {
+  let root = parse('a{}')
+  let warning = new Warning('text', { node: root.first })
+  is(warning.toString(), '<css input>:1:1: text')
+})
+
+test('outputs warning with plugin and node', () => {
+  let file = resolve('a.css')
+  let root = parse('a{}', { from: file })
+  let warning = new Warning('text', {
+    node: root.first,
+    plugin: 'plugin'
+  })
+  is(warning.toString(), `plugin: ${file}:1:1: text`)
+})
+
+test('outputs warning with index', () => {
+  let file = resolve('a.css')
+  let root = parse('@rule param {}', { from: file })
+  let warning = new Warning('text', {
+    index: 7,
+    node: root.first,
+    plugin: 'plugin'
+  })
+  is(warning.toString(), `plugin: ${file}:1:8: text`)
+})
+
+test('outputs warning with word', () => {
+  let file = resolve('a.css')
+  let root = parse('@rule param {}', { from: file })
+  let warning = new Warning('text', {
+    node: root.first,
+    plugin: 'plugin',
+    word: 'am'
+  })
+  is(warning.toString(), `plugin: ${file}:1:10: text`)
+})
+
+test('generates warning without source', () => {
+  let node = decl({ prop: 'color', value: 'black' })
+  let warning = new Warning('text', { node })
+  is(warning.toString(), '<css input>: text')
+})
+
+test('has line and column is undefined by default', () => {
+  let warning = new Warning('text')
+  type(warning.line, 'undefined')
+  type(warning.column, 'undefined')
+  type(warning.endLine, 'undefined')
+  type(warning.endColumn, 'undefined')
+})
+
+test('gets range from node', () => {
+  let root = parse('a{}')
+  let warning = new Warning('text', { node: root.first })
+  is(warning.line, 1)
+  is(warning.column, 1)
+  is(warning.endLine, 1)
+  is(warning.endColumn, 4)
+})
+
+test('gets range from node without end', () => {
+  let root = parse('a{}')
+  root.first!.source!.end = undefined
+  let warning = new Warning('text', { node: root.first })
+  is(warning.line, 1)
+  is(warning.column, 1)
+  is(warning.endLine, 1)
+  is(warning.endColumn, 2)
+})
+
+test('gets range from node with endIndex 3', () => {
+  let root = parse('a{}')
+  let warning = new Warning('text', { endIndex: 3, index: 0, node: root.first })
+  is(warning.line, 1)
+  is(warning.column, 1)
+  is(warning.endLine, 1)
+  is(warning.endColumn, 4)
+})
+
+test('gets range from node with endIndex 0', () => {
+  let root = parse('a{}')
+  let warning = new Warning('text', { endIndex: 0, index: 0, node: root.first })
+  is(warning.line, 1)
+  is(warning.column, 1)
+  is(warning.endLine, 1)
+  is(warning.endColumn, 2)
+})
+
+test('gets range from word', () => {
+  let root = parse('a b{}')
+  let warning = new Warning('text', { node: root.first, word: 'b' })
+  is(warning.line, 1)
+  is(warning.column, 3)
+  is(warning.endLine, 1)
+  is(warning.endColumn, 4)
+})
+
+test('gets range from index', () => {
+  let root = parse('a b{}')
+  let warning = new Warning('text', { index: 2, node: root.first })
+  is(warning.line, 1)
+  is(warning.column, 3)
+  is(warning.endLine, 1)
+  is(warning.endColumn, 4)
+})
+
+test('gets range from index 0', () => {
+  let root = parse('a b{}')
+  let warning = new Warning('text', { index: 0, node: root.first })
+  is(warning.line, 1)
+  is(warning.column, 1)
+  is(warning.endLine, 1)
+  is(warning.endColumn, 2)
+})
+
+test('gets range from index and endIndex', () => {
+  let root = parse('a b{}')
+  let warning = new Warning('text', { endIndex: 3, index: 2, node: root.first })
+  is(warning.line, 1)
+  is(warning.column, 3)
+  is(warning.endLine, 1)
+  is(warning.endColumn, 4)
+})
+
+test('gets range from start', () => {
+  let root = parse('a b{}')
+  let warning = new Warning('text', {
+    node: root.first,
+    start: { column: 3, line: 1 }
+  })
+  is(warning.line, 1)
+  is(warning.column, 3)
+  is(warning.endLine, 1)
+  is(warning.endColumn, 6)
+})
+
+test('gets range from end', () => {
+  let root = parse('a b{}')
+  let warning = new Warning('text', {
+    end: { column: 3, line: 1 },
+    node: root.first
+  })
+  is(warning.line, 1)
+  is(warning.column, 1)
+  is(warning.endLine, 1)
+  is(warning.endColumn, 3)
+})
+
+test('gets range from start and end', () => {
+  let root = parse('a b{}')
+  let warning = new Warning('text', {
+    end: { column: 4, line: 1 },
+    node: root.first,
+    start: { column: 3, line: 1 }
+  })
+  is(warning.line, 1)
+  is(warning.column, 3)
+  is(warning.endLine, 1)
+  is(warning.endColumn, 4)
+})
+
+test('always returns exclusive ends', () => {
+  let root = parse('a b{}')
+  let warning = new Warning('text', { endIndex: 1, index: 1, node: root.first })
+  is(warning.line, 1)
+  is(warning.column, 2)
+  is(warning.endLine, 1)
+  is(warning.endColumn, 3)
+})
+
+test('always returns valid ranges', () => {
+  let root = parse('a b{}')
+  let warning = new Warning('text', { endIndex: 1, index: 2, node: root.first })
+  is(warning.line, 1)
+  is(warning.column, 3)
+  is(warning.endLine, 1)
+  is(warning.endColumn, 4)
+})
+
+test('takes position from node of another PostCSS copy', () => {
+  let root = parse('a { color: black }')
+  let rule = root.first as Rule
+  let parsed = rule.first as Declaration
+  // A node from another PostCSS version in node_modules has no methods
+  // of this copy, so it is a plain object here.
+  let foreign = {
+    prop: parsed.prop,
+    raws: { ...parsed.raws },
+    source: parsed.source,
+    type: 'decl',
+    value: parsed.value
+  } as unknown as Declaration
+
+  let warning = new Warning('text', { node: foreign })
+  is(warning.line, 1)
+  is(warning.column, 5)
+  is(warning.endLine, 1)
+  is(warning.endColumn, 17)
+})
+
+test.run()
diff --git a/tsconfig.json b/tsconfig.json
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..a04256f51
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tsconfig.json
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+{
+  "compilerOptions": {
+    "lib": ["es2018"],
+    "target": "es2018",
+    "module": "commonjs",
+    "skipLibCheck": true,
+    "strict": true,
+    "noEmit": true,
+    "moduleResolution": "node10"
+  },
+  "exclude": ["**/errors.ts"]
+}