# This python script will describe shallow or Deep Copy functions on string, List, Tuple and Dict

import copy

# String Operations, Strings are immutable and both Shallow and Deep copy behave in same way.

# This applies to Tuple as well

# Shallow copy operations on String

old_str = "Python"

new_str = old_str # Shallow Copy of string

print("ShallowCopy Before: ", old_str, new_str)

old_str = 'Hello' # Strings are immutable hence does not support item assignment.

print("ShallowCopy After: ", old_str, new_str)

# Deep copy operations on String

first_str = "John"

second_str = copy.copy(first_str) # Copy of string

third_str = copy.deepcopy(first_str) # Copy of string

print("Deep Copy Before: ", first_str, second_str, third_str)

first_str = 'Snow' # Strings are immutable hence does not support item assignment.

print("Deep Copy After: ", first_str, second_str, third_str)

# List Operations

# List Shallow Copy operations

old_list = ["Jon", "Vicky", "Tom", "Aish"]

new_list = old_list # Shallow Copy of List

print("ShallowCopy Before: ", old_list, new_list)

old_list[3] = 'Wright' # List are mutable

print("ShallowCopy After: ", old_list, new_list) # Both lists should show changed index value in shallow copy

# List Deep Copy operations

first_list = ["Tony", ["Jon", "Vicky"], ["Tom", "Aish"]] # Nester list

second_list = copy.copy(first_list) # Copy will create deep copy in outer list only

third_list = copy.deepcopy(first_list) # Deep copy will create Deep copy in both inner and outer lists.

fourth_list = first_list[:] # This syntax will also create deep copy of list

print("DeepCopy Before: ", "First_List: ", first_list, "Second_List: ", second_list, "Third_List: ", third_list)

first_list[1][1] = 'Wright' # List are mutable

first_list[0] = "Robert"

print("Copy After: ", "First_List: ", first_list, "Second_List: ",

second_list) # Copy command performs deep copy at outer layer only

print("DeepCopy After: ", "First_List: ", first_list, "Third_List: ",

third_list) # Deep Copy will do deep copy at both inner and puter layers

# Above Shallow and Deep Rules will be applied to Dict as well. The Conclusion is that String and Tuple will behave

# same in Shallow and Deep copy whereas List and Dict will behave in similar way.