#include <fstream>

#include <iostream>

#include <map>

#include <set>

#include <memory>

#include <string>

#include <cmath>

#include <vector>

#include <bitset>

#include <complex>

#include <sstream>

#include <iterator>

#include <libasr/asr.h>

#include <libasr/asr_utils.h>

#include <libasr/asr_verify.h>

#include <libasr/config.h>

#include <libasr/string_utils.h>

#include <libasr/utils.h>

#include <libasr/pass/instantiate_template.h>

#include <libasr/pass/wrap_global_stmts.h>

#include <libasr/pass/intrinsic_function_registry.h>

#include <libasr/pass/intrinsic_array_function_registry.h>

#include <libasr/modfile.h>

#include <lpython/python_ast.h>

#include <lpython/semantics/python_ast_to_asr.h>

#include <lpython/utils.h>

#include <lpython/semantics/semantic_exception.h>

#include <lpython/python_serialization.h>

#include <lpython/semantics/python_comptime_eval.h>

#include <lpython/semantics/python_attribute_eval.h>

#include <lpython/semantics/python_intrinsic_eval.h>

#include <lpython/parser/parser.h>

#include <libasr/serialization.h>

namespace LCompilers::LPython {

namespace CastingUtil {

// Data structure which contains priorities for

// intrinsic types defined in ASR

const std::map<ASR::ttypeType, int>& type2weight = {

{ASR::ttypeType::Complex, 4},

{ASR::ttypeType::Real, 3},

{ASR::ttypeType::Integer, 2},

{ASR::ttypeType::Logical, 1}

};

// Data structure which contains casting rules for non-equal

// intrinsic types defined in ASR

const std::map<std::pair<ASR::ttypeType, ASR::ttypeType>, ASR::cast_kindType>& type_rules = {

{std::make_pair(ASR::ttypeType::Complex, ASR::ttypeType::Real), ASR::cast_kindType::ComplexToReal},

{std::make_pair(ASR::ttypeType::Complex, ASR::ttypeType::Logical), ASR::cast_kindType::ComplexToLogical},

{std::make_pair(ASR::ttypeType::Real, ASR::ttypeType::Complex), ASR::cast_kindType::RealToComplex},

{std::make_pair(ASR::ttypeType::Real, ASR::ttypeType::Integer), ASR::cast_kindType::RealToInteger},

{std::make_pair(ASR::ttypeType::Real, ASR::ttypeType::Logical), ASR::cast_kindType::RealToLogical},

{std::make_pair(ASR::ttypeType::Real, ASR::ttypeType::UnsignedInteger), ASR::cast_kindType::RealToUnsignedInteger},

{std::make_pair(ASR::ttypeType::Integer, ASR::ttypeType::Complex), ASR::cast_kindType::IntegerToComplex},

{std::make_pair(ASR::ttypeType::Integer, ASR::ttypeType::Real), ASR::cast_kindType::IntegerToReal},

{std::make_pair(ASR::ttypeType::Integer, ASR::ttypeType::Logical), ASR::cast_kindType::IntegerToLogical},

{std::make_pair(ASR::ttypeType::Integer, ASR::ttypeType::UnsignedInteger), ASR::cast_kindType::IntegerToUnsignedInteger},

{std::make_pair(ASR::ttypeType::Logical, ASR::ttypeType::Real), ASR::cast_kindType::LogicalToReal},

{std::make_pair(ASR::ttypeType::Logical, ASR::ttypeType::Integer), ASR::cast_kindType::LogicalToInteger},

{std::make_pair(ASR::ttypeType::UnsignedInteger, ASR::ttypeType::Integer), ASR::cast_kindType::UnsignedIntegerToInteger},

{std::make_pair(ASR::ttypeType::UnsignedInteger, ASR::ttypeType::Real), ASR::cast_kindType::UnsignedIntegerToReal},

{std::make_pair(ASR::ttypeType::Integer, ASR::ttypeType::SymbolicExpression), ASR::cast_kindType::IntegerToSymbolicExpression}

};

// Data structure which contains casting rules for equal intrinsic

// types but with different kinds.

const std::map<ASR::ttypeType, ASR::cast_kindType>& kind_rules = {

{ASR::ttypeType::Complex, ASR::cast_kindType::ComplexToComplex},

{ASR::ttypeType::Real, ASR::cast_kindType::RealToReal},

{ASR::ttypeType::Integer, ASR::cast_kindType::IntegerToInteger},

{ASR::ttypeType::UnsignedInteger, ASR::cast_kindType::UnsignedIntegerToUnsignedInteger}

};

int get_type_priority(ASR::ttypeType type) {

if( type2weight.find(type) == type2weight.end() ) {

return -1;

}

return type2weight.at(type);

}

int get_src_dest(ASR::expr_t* left_expr, ASR::expr_t* right_expr,

ASR::expr_t*& src_expr, ASR::expr_t*& dest_expr,

ASR::ttype_t*& src_type, ASR::ttype_t*& dest_type,

bool is_assign) {

ASR::ttype_t* left_type = ASRUtils::expr_type(left_expr);

ASR::ttype_t* right_type = ASRUtils::expr_type(right_expr);

if( ASR::is_a<ASR::Const_t>(*left_type) ) {

left_type = ASRUtils::get_contained_type(left_type);

}

if( ASR::is_a<ASR::Const_t>(*right_type) ) {

right_type = ASRUtils::get_contained_type(right_type);

}

left_type = ASRUtils::type_get_past_pointer(left_type);

right_type = ASRUtils::type_get_past_pointer(right_type);

if( ASRUtils::check_equal_type(left_type, right_type) ||

ASRUtils::is_character(*left_type) || ASRUtils::is_character(*right_type) ) {

return 2;

}

if( is_assign ) {

if( ASRUtils::is_real(*left_type) && ASRUtils::is_integer(*right_type)) {

throw SemanticError("Assigning integer to float is not supported",

right_expr->base.loc);

}

if ( ASRUtils::is_complex(*left_type) && !ASRUtils::is_complex(*right_type)) {

throw SemanticError("Assigning non-complex to complex is not supported",

right_expr->base.loc);

}

dest_expr = left_expr, dest_type = left_type;

src_expr = right_expr, src_type = right_type;

return 1;

}

int casted_expr_signal = 2;

ASR::ttypeType left_Type = left_type->type, right_Type = right_type->type;

int left_kind = ASRUtils::extract_kind_from_ttype_t(left_type);

int right_kind = ASRUtils::extract_kind_from_ttype_t(right_type);

int left_priority = get_type_priority(left_Type);

int right_priority = get_type_priority(right_Type);

if( left_priority > right_priority ) {

src_expr = right_expr, src_type = right_type;

dest_expr = left_expr, dest_type = left_type;

casted_expr_signal = 1;

} else if( left_priority < right_priority ) {

src_expr = left_expr, src_type = left_type;

dest_expr = right_expr, dest_type = right_type;

casted_expr_signal = 0;

} else {

if( left_kind > right_kind ) {

src_expr = right_expr, src_type = right_type;

dest_expr = left_expr, dest_type = left_type;

casted_expr_signal = 1;

} else if( left_kind < right_kind ) {

src_expr = left_expr, src_type = left_type;

dest_expr = right_expr, dest_type = right_type;

casted_expr_signal = 0;

} else {

return 2;

}

}

return casted_expr_signal;

}

ASR::expr_t* perform_casting(ASR::expr_t* expr, ASR::ttype_t* src,

ASR::ttype_t* dest, Allocator& al,

const Location& loc) {

ASR::ttypeType src_type = src->type;

ASR::ttypeType dest_type = dest->type;

ASR::cast_kindType cast_kind;

if( src_type == dest_type ) {

if( kind_rules.find(src_type) == kind_rules.end() ) {

return expr;

}

cast_kind = kind_rules.at(src_type);

} else {

std::pair<ASR::ttypeType, ASR::ttypeType> cast_key = std::make_pair(src_type, dest_type);

if( type_rules.find(cast_key) == type_rules.end() ) {

return expr;

}

cast_kind = type_rules.at(cast_key);

}

if( ASRUtils::check_equal_type(src, dest, true) ) {

return expr;

}

// TODO: Fix loc

return ASRUtils::EXPR(ASRUtils::make_Cast_t_value(al, loc, expr,

cast_kind, dest));

}

}

int save_pyc_files(const ASR::TranslationUnit_t &u,

std::string infile) {

diag::Diagnostics diagnostics;

LCOMPILERS_ASSERT(asr_verify(u, true, diagnostics));

std::string modfile_binary = save_pycfile(u);

while( infile.back() != '.' ) {

infile.pop_back();

}

std::string modfile = infile + "pyc";

{

std::ofstream out;

out.open(modfile, std::ofstream::out | std::ofstream::binary);

out << modfile_binary;

}

return 0;

}

// Does a CPython style lookup for a module:

// * First the current directory (this is incorrect, we need to do it relative to the current file)

// * Then the LPython runtime directory

Result<std::string> get_full_path(const std::string &filename,

const std::string &runtime_library_dir, std::string& input,

bool &lpython, bool& enum_py) {

lpython = false;

enum_py = false;

std::string file_path;

if( *(runtime_library_dir.rbegin()) == '/' ) {

file_path = runtime_library_dir + filename;

} else {

file_path = runtime_library_dir + "/" + filename;

}

bool status = read_file(file_path, input);

if (status) {

return file_path;

} else {

// If this is `lpython`, do a special lookup

if (filename == "lpython.py") {

file_path = runtime_library_dir + "/lpython/" + filename;

status = read_file(file_path, input);

if (status) {

lpython = true;

return file_path;

} else {

return Error();

}

} else if (startswith(filename, "numpy.py")) {

file_path = runtime_library_dir + "/lpython_intrinsic_" + filename;

status = read_file(file_path, input);

if (status) {

return file_path;

} else {

return Error();

}

} else if (startswith(filename, "enum.py")) {

enum_py = true;

return Error();

} else {

return Error();

}

}

}

bool set_module_path(std::string infile0, std::vector<std::string> &rl_path,

std::string& infile, std::string& path_used, std::string& input,

bool& lpython, bool& enum_py) {

for (auto path: rl_path) {

Result<std::string> rinfile = get_full_path(infile0, path, input, lpython, enum_py);

if (rinfile.ok) {

infile = rinfile.result;

path_used = path;

return true;

}

}

return false;

}

ASR::TranslationUnit_t* compile_module_till_asr(

Allocator& al, SymbolTable* symtab, std::string module_name,

std::vector<std::string> &rl_path, std::string infile,

const Location &loc, diag::Diagnostics &diagnostics, LocationManager &lm,

const std::function<void (const std::string &, const Location &)> err,

bool allow_implicit_casting) {

{

LocationManager::FileLocations fl;

fl.in_filename = infile;

lm.files.push_back(fl);

std::string input = read_file(infile);

lm.file_ends.push_back(lm.file_ends.back() + input.size());

lm.init_simple(input);

}

Result<AST::ast_t*> r = parse_python_file(al, rl_path[0], infile,

diagnostics, lm.file_ends.end()[-2], false);

if (!r.ok) {

err("The file '" + infile + "' failed to parse", loc);

}

LCompilers::LPython::AST::ast_t* ast = r.result;

// Convert the module from AST to ASR

CompilerOptions compiler_options;

compiler_options.disable_main = true;

compiler_options.symtab_only = false;

Result<ASR::TranslationUnit_t*> r2 = python_ast_to_asr(al, lm, symtab, *ast,

diagnostics, compiler_options, false, module_name, infile, allow_implicit_casting);

// TODO: Uncomment once a check is added for ensuring

// that module.py file hasn't changed between

// builds.

// save_pyc_files(*r2.result, infile + "c");

if (!r2.ok) {

LCOMPILERS_ASSERT(diagnostics.has_error())

return nullptr; // Error

}

return r2.result;

}

void fill_module_dependencies(SymbolTable* symtab, SetChar& mod_deps,

Allocator& al) {

if( symtab == nullptr ) {

return ;

}

for( auto& itr: symtab->get_scope() ) {

if( ASR::is_a<ASR::ExternalSymbol_t>(*itr.second) ) {

ASR::ExternalSymbol_t* ext_sym = ASR::down_cast<ASR::ExternalSymbol_t>(itr.second);

mod_deps.push_back(al, ext_sym->m_module_name);

} else {

SymbolTable* sym_symtab = ASRUtils::symbol_symtab(itr.second);

fill_module_dependencies(sym_symtab, mod_deps, al);

}

}

}

ASR::Module_t* load_module(Allocator &al, SymbolTable *symtab,

const std::string &module_name,

const Location &loc, diag::Diagnostics &diagnostics,

LocationManager &lm, bool intrinsic,

std::vector<std::string> &rl_path,

bool &lpython, bool& enum_py, bool& copy, bool& sympy,

const std::function<void (const std::string &, const Location &)> err,

bool allow_implicit_casting) {

lpython = false;

enum_py = false;

copy = false;

sympy = false;

if( module_name == "copy" ) {

copy = true;

return nullptr;

}

if (module_name == "sympy") {

sympy = true;

return nullptr;

}

LCOMPILERS_ASSERT(symtab);

if (symtab->get_scope().find(module_name) != symtab->get_scope().end()) {

ASR::symbol_t *m = symtab->get_symbol(module_name);

if (ASR::is_a<ASR::Module_t>(*m)) {

return ASR::down_cast<ASR::Module_t>(m);

} else {

err("The symbol '" + module_name + "' is not a module", loc);

}

}

LCOMPILERS_ASSERT(symtab->parent == nullptr);

// Parse the module `module_name`.py to AST

std::string infile0 = module_name + ".py";

std::string infile0c = infile0 + "c";

std::string path_used = "", infile;

bool compile_module = true;

ASR::TranslationUnit_t* mod1 = nullptr;

std::string input;

std::string mod1_name = "";

bool found = set_module_path(infile0c, rl_path, infile,

path_used, input, lpython, enum_py);

if( !found ) {

input.clear();

found = set_module_path(infile0, rl_path, infile,

path_used, input, lpython, enum_py);

} else {

mod1 = load_pycfile(al, input, false);

fix_external_symbols(*mod1, *ASRUtils::get_tu_symtab(symtab));

diag::Diagnostics diagnostics;

LCOMPILERS_ASSERT(asr_verify(*mod1, true, diagnostics));

compile_module = false;

}

if( enum_py ) {

return nullptr;

}

if (!found) {

err("Could not find the module '" + module_name + "'. If an import path "

"is available, please use the `-I` option to specify it", loc);

}

if (lpython) return nullptr;

if( compile_module ) {

diagnostics.add(diag::Diagnostic(

"The module '" + module_name + "' located in " + infile +" cannot be loaded",

diag::Level::Warning, diag::Stage::Semantic, {

diag::Label("imported here", {loc})

})

);

if (module_name == "__init__") {

std::string module_dir_name = infile.substr(0, infile.find_last_of('/'));

// assign module directory name

mod1_name = module_dir_name.substr(module_dir_name.find_last_of('/') + 1);

} else {

mod1_name = module_name;

}

mod1 = compile_module_till_asr(al, symtab, mod1_name, rl_path, infile, loc, diagnostics,

lm, err, allow_implicit_casting);

if (mod1 == nullptr) {

throw SemanticAbort();

} else {

diagnostics.diagnostics.pop_back();

}

}

ASR::symbol_t* mod1_sym = symtab->resolve_symbol(mod1_name);

if (!mod1_sym) {

throw SemanticError("Module `" + module_name + "` not found", loc);

}

ASR::Module_t* mod1_mod = ASR::down_cast<ASR::Module_t>(mod1_sym);

if (intrinsic) {

mod1_mod->m_intrinsic = true;

// TODO: I think we should just store intrinsic once, in the module

// itself

// Mark each function as intrinsic also

for (auto &item : mod1_mod->m_symtab->get_scope()) {

if (ASR::is_a<ASR::Function_t>(*item.second)) {

ASR::Function_t *s = ASR::down_cast<ASR::Function_t>(item.second);

if (ASRUtils::get_FunctionType(s)->m_abi == ASR::abiType::Source) {

ASRUtils::get_FunctionType(s)->m_abi = ASR::abiType::Intrinsic;

}

if (s->n_body == 0) {

std::string name = s->m_name;

if (name == "ubound" || name == "lbound") {

ASRUtils::get_FunctionType(s)->m_deftype = ASR::deftypeType::Interface;

}

}

}

}

}

// and return it

return mod1_mod;

}

// Here, we call the global_initializer & global_statements to

// initialize and execute the global symbols

void get_calls_to_global_init_and_stmts(Allocator &al, const Location &loc, SymbolTable* scope,

ASR::Module_t* mod, std::vector<ASR::asr_t *> &tmp_vec) {

std::string mod_name = mod->m_name;

std::string g_func_name = mod_name + "global_init";

ASR::symbol_t *g_func = mod->m_symtab->get_symbol(g_func_name);

if (g_func && !scope->get_symbol(g_func_name)) {

ASR::symbol_t *es = ASR::down_cast<ASR::symbol_t>(

ASR::make_ExternalSymbol_t(al, mod->base.base.loc,

scope, s2c(al, g_func_name), g_func,

s2c(al, mod_name), nullptr, 0, s2c(al, g_func_name),

ASR::accessType::Public));

scope->add_symbol(g_func_name, es);

tmp_vec.push_back(ASRUtils::make_SubroutineCall_t_util(al, loc,

es, g_func, nullptr, 0, nullptr, nullptr, false));

}

g_func_name = mod_name + "global_stmts";

g_func = mod->m_symtab->get_symbol(g_func_name);

if (g_func && !scope->get_symbol(g_func_name)) {

ASR::symbol_t *es = ASR::down_cast<ASR::symbol_t>(

ASR::make_ExternalSymbol_t(al, mod->base.base.loc,

scope, s2c(al, g_func_name), g_func,

s2c(al, mod_name), nullptr, 0, s2c(al, g_func_name),

ASR::accessType::Public));

scope->add_symbol(g_func_name, es);

tmp_vec.push_back(ASRUtils::make_SubroutineCall_t_util(al, loc,

es, g_func, nullptr, 0, nullptr, nullptr, false));

}

}

template <class Struct>

class CommonVisitor : public AST::BaseVisitor<Struct> {

public:

diag::Diagnostics &diag;

ASR::asr_t *tmp;

/*

If `tmp` is not null, then `tmp_vec` is ignored and `tmp` is used as the only result (statement or

expression). If `tmp` is null, then `tmp_vec` is used to return any number of statements:

0 (no statement returned), 1 (redundant, one should use `tmp` for that), 2, 3, ... etc.

*/

std::vector<ASR::asr_t *> tmp_vec;

// Used to store the initializer for the global variables like list, ...

Vec<ASR::asr_t *> global_init;

Allocator &al;

LocationManager &lm;

SymbolTable *current_scope;

SetChar current_module_dependencies;

// True for the main module, false for every other one

// The main module is stored directly in TranslationUnit, other modules are Modules

bool main_module;

// This is the current module name that we are compiling from AST to ASR

// It is an empty string for main_module

std::string module_name;

PythonIntrinsicProcedures intrinsic_procedures;

ProceduresDatabase procedures_db;

AttributeHandler attr_handler;

IntrinsicNodeHandler intrinsic_node_handler;

std::map<int, ASR::symbol_t*> &ast_overload;

std::string parent_dir;

std::vector<std::string> import_paths;

/*

current_body exists only for Functions, For, If (& its Else part), While.

current_body does not exist for Modules, ClassDef/Structs.

*/

Vec<ASR::stmt_t*> *current_body;

ASR::expr_t* assign_asr_target;

std::map<std::string, int> generic_func_nums;

std::map<std::string, std::map<std::string, ASR::ttype_t*>> generic_func_subs;

std::vector<ASR::symbol_t*> rt_vec;

std::map<std::string, std::string> context_map;

SetChar dependencies;

bool allow_implicit_casting;

// Stores the name of imported functions and the modules they are imported from

std::map<std::string, std::string> imported_functions;

std::map<std::string, std::string> numpy2lpythontypes = {

{"bool", "bool"},

{"bool_", "bool"},

{"int8", "i8"},

{"int16", "i16"},

{"int32", "i32"},

{"int64", "i64"},

{"uint8", "u8"},

{"uint16", "u16"},

{"uint32", "u32"},

{"uint64", "u64"},

{"float32", "f32"},

{"float64", "f64"},

{"float_", "f64"},

{"complex64", "c32"},

{"complex128", "c64"},

{"complex_", "c64"},

{"object", "T"}

};

CommonVisitor(Allocator &al, LocationManager &lm, SymbolTable *symbol_table,

diag::Diagnostics &diagnostics, bool main_module, std::string module_name,

std::map<int, ASR::symbol_t*> &ast_overload, std::string parent_dir,

std::vector<std::string> import_paths, bool allow_implicit_casting_)

: diag{diagnostics}, al{al}, lm{lm}, current_scope{symbol_table}, main_module{main_module}, module_name{module_name},

ast_overload{ast_overload}, parent_dir{parent_dir}, import_paths{import_paths},

current_body{nullptr}, assign_asr_target{nullptr}, allow_implicit_casting{allow_implicit_casting_} {

current_module_dependencies.reserve(al, 4);

global_init.reserve(al, 1);

}

ASR::asr_t* resolve_variable(const Location &loc, const std::string &var_name) {

SymbolTable *scope = current_scope;

ASR::symbol_t *v = scope->resolve_symbol(var_name);

if (!v) {

diag.semantic_error_label("Variable '" + var_name

+ "' is not declared", {loc},

"'" + var_name + "' is undeclared");

throw SemanticAbort();

}

return ASR::make_Var_t(al, loc, v);

}

ASR::symbol_t* resolve_intrinsic_function(const Location &loc, const std::string &remote_sym) {

LCOMPILERS_ASSERT(intrinsic_procedures.is_intrinsic(remote_sym));

std::string module_name = intrinsic_procedures.get_module(remote_sym, loc);

SymbolTable *tu_symtab = ASRUtils::get_tu_symtab(current_scope);

std::string rl_path = get_runtime_library_dir();

std::vector<std::string> paths = {rl_path, parent_dir};

bool lpython, enum_py, copy, sympy;

ASR::Module_t *m = load_module(al, tu_symtab, module_name,

loc, diag, lm, true, paths,

lpython, enum_py, copy, sympy,

[&](const std::string &msg, const Location &loc) { throw SemanticError(msg, loc); },

allow_implicit_casting);

LCOMPILERS_ASSERT(!lpython && !enum_py)

ASR::symbol_t *t = m->m_symtab->resolve_symbol(remote_sym);

if (!t) {

throw SemanticError("The symbol '" + remote_sym

+ "' not found in the module '" + module_name + "'",

loc);

} else if (! (ASR::is_a<ASR::GenericProcedure_t>(*t)

|| ASR::is_a<ASR::Function_t>(*t)

)) {

throw SemanticError("The symbol '" + remote_sym

+ "' found in the module '" + module_name + "', "

+ "but it is not a function, subroutine or a generic procedure.",

loc);

}

char *fn_name = ASRUtils::symbol_name(t);

std::string sym = fn_name;

ASR::symbol_t *v = nullptr;

if( current_scope->get_symbol(sym) == nullptr ) {

ASR::asr_t *fn = ASR::make_ExternalSymbol_t(

al, t->base.loc,

/* a_symtab */ current_scope,

/* a_name */ fn_name,

t,

m->m_name, nullptr, 0, fn_name,

ASR::accessType::Private

);

current_scope->add_symbol(sym, ASR::down_cast<ASR::symbol_t>(fn));

v = ASR::down_cast<ASR::symbol_t>(fn);

} else {

v = current_scope->get_symbol(sym);

}

current_module_dependencies.push_back(al, m->m_name);

return v;

}

void handle_builtin_attribute(ASR::expr_t *s, std::string attr_name,

const Location &loc, Vec<ASR::expr_t*> &args) {

tmp = attr_handler.get_attribute(s, attr_name, al, loc, args, diag);

return;

}

void handle_symbolic_attribute(ASR::expr_t *s, std::string attr_name,

const Location &loc, Vec<ASR::expr_t*> &args) {

tmp = attr_handler.get_symbolic_attribute(s, attr_name, al, loc, args, diag);

return;

}

void fill_expr_in_ttype_t(std::vector<ASR::expr_t*>& exprs, ASR::dimension_t* dims, size_t n_dims) {

for( size_t i = 0; i < n_dims; i++ ) {

exprs.push_back(dims[i].m_start);

exprs.push_back(dims[i].m_length);

}

}

void fix_exprs_ttype_t(std::vector<ASR::expr_t*>& exprs,

Vec<ASR::call_arg_t>& orig_args,

ASR::Function_t* orig_func=nullptr) {

ASRUtils::ExprStmtDuplicator expr_duplicator(al);

expr_duplicator.allow_procedure_calls = true;

ASRUtils::ReplaceArgVisitor arg_replacer(al, current_scope, orig_func,

orig_args, dependencies,

current_module_dependencies);

for( size_t i = 0; i < exprs.size(); i++ ) {

ASR::expr_t* expri = exprs[i];

if (expri) {

expr_duplicator.success = true;

ASR::expr_t* expri_copy = expr_duplicator.duplicate_expr(expri);

LCOMPILERS_ASSERT(expr_duplicator.success);

arg_replacer.current_expr = &expri_copy;

arg_replacer.replace_expr(expri_copy);

exprs[i] = expri_copy;

}

}

}

void fill_new_dims(ASR::Array_t* t, const std::vector<ASR::expr_t*>& func_calls,

Vec<ASR::dimension_t>& new_dims) {

new_dims.reserve(al, t->n_dims);

for( size_t i = 0, j = 0; i < func_calls.size(); i += 2, j++ ) {

ASR::dimension_t new_dim;

if (func_calls[i] != nullptr) {

new_dim.loc = func_calls[i]->base.loc;

new_dim.m_start = func_calls[i];

new_dim.m_length = func_calls[i + 1];

new_dims.push_back(al, new_dim);

} else {

new_dims.push_back(al, t->m_dims[j]);

}

}

}

ASR::ttype_t* handle_return_type(ASR::ttype_t *return_type, const Location &loc,

Vec<ASR::call_arg_t>& args,

ASR::Function_t* f=nullptr) {

// Rebuild the return type if needed and make FunctionCalls use ExternalSymbol

std::vector<ASR::expr_t*> func_calls;

switch( return_type->type ) {

case ASR::ttypeType::Allocatable: {

ASR::Allocatable_t* allocatable_t = ASR::down_cast<ASR::Allocatable_t>(return_type);

return ASRUtils::TYPE(ASR::make_Allocatable_t(al, loc,

ASRUtils::type_get_past_allocatable(

ASRUtils::type_get_past_pointer(

handle_return_type(allocatable_t->m_type, loc, args, f)))));

}

case ASR::ttypeType::Pointer: {

ASR::Pointer_t* pointer_t = ASR::down_cast<ASR::Pointer_t>(return_type);

return ASRUtils::TYPE(ASR::make_Pointer_t(al, loc,

ASRUtils::type_get_past_allocatable(

ASRUtils::type_get_past_pointer(

handle_return_type(pointer_t->m_type, loc, args, f)))));

}

case ASR::ttypeType::Array: {

ASR::Array_t* t = ASR::down_cast<ASR::Array_t>(return_type);

ASR::ttype_t* t_m_type = handle_return_type(t->m_type, loc, args, f);

fill_expr_in_ttype_t(func_calls, t->m_dims, t->n_dims);

fix_exprs_ttype_t(func_calls, args, f);

Vec<ASR::dimension_t> new_dims;

fill_new_dims(t, func_calls, new_dims);

return ASRUtils::make_Array_t_util(al, loc, t_m_type, new_dims.p, new_dims.size());

}

case ASR::ttypeType::Character: {

ASR::Character_t *t = ASR::down_cast<ASR::Character_t>(return_type);

func_calls.push_back(t->m_len_expr);

fix_exprs_ttype_t(func_calls, args, f);

int64_t a_len = t->m_len;

if( func_calls[0] ) {

a_len = ASRUtils::extract_len<SemanticError>(func_calls[0], loc);

}

return ASRUtils::TYPE(ASR::make_Character_t(al, loc, t->m_kind, a_len, func_calls[0]));

}

case ASR::ttypeType::Struct: {

ASR::Struct_t* struct_t_type = ASR::down_cast<ASR::Struct_t>(return_type);

ASR::symbol_t *sym = struct_t_type->m_derived_type;

ASR::symbol_t *es_s = current_scope->resolve_symbol(

ASRUtils::symbol_name(sym));

if (es_s == nullptr) {

ASR::StructType_t *st = ASR::down_cast<ASR::StructType_t>(sym);

ASR::Module_t* sym_module = ASRUtils::get_sym_module(sym);

LCOMPILERS_ASSERT(sym_module != nullptr);

std::string st_name = "1_" + std::string(st->m_name);

if (current_scope->get_symbol(st_name)) {

sym = current_scope->get_symbol(st_name);

} else {

sym = ASR::down_cast<ASR::symbol_t>(ASR::make_ExternalSymbol_t(

al, st->base.base.loc, current_scope, s2c(al, st_name),

sym, sym_module->m_name, nullptr, 0, st->m_name,

ASR::accessType::Public));

current_scope->add_symbol(st_name, sym);

}

} else {

sym = es_s;

}

return ASRUtils::TYPE(ASR::make_Struct_t(al, loc, sym));

}

default: {

return return_type;

}

}

return nullptr;

}

void visit_expr_list(AST::expr_t** exprs, size_t n,

Vec<ASR::expr_t*>& exprs_vec) {

LCOMPILERS_ASSERT(exprs_vec.reserve_called);

for( size_t i = 0; i < n; i++ ) {

this->visit_expr(*exprs[i]);

exprs_vec.push_back(al, ASRUtils::EXPR(tmp));

}

}

void visit_expr_list(AST::expr_t** exprs, size_t n,

Vec<ASR::call_arg_t>& call_args_vec) {

LCOMPILERS_ASSERT(call_args_vec.reserve_called);

for( size_t i = 0; i < n; i++ ) {

this->visit_expr(*exprs[i]);

ASR::expr_t* expr = nullptr;

ASR::call_arg_t arg;

arg.loc.first = -1;

arg.loc.last = -1;

if (tmp) {

expr = ASRUtils::EXPR(tmp);

arg.loc = expr->base.loc;

}

arg.m_value = expr;

call_args_vec.push_back(al, arg);

}

}

int64_t find_argument_position_from_name(ASR::Function_t* orig_func, std::string arg_name,

const Location& call_loc, bool raise_error) {

int64_t arg_position = -1;

for( size_t i = 0; i < orig_func->n_args; i++ ) {

ASR::Var_t* arg_Var = ASR::down_cast<ASR::Var_t>(orig_func->m_args[i]);

std::string original_arg_name = ASRUtils::symbol_name(arg_Var->m_v);

if( original_arg_name == arg_name ) {

return i;

}

}

for ( size_t i = 0; i < ASRUtils::get_FunctionType(orig_func)->n_restrictions; i++ ) {

ASR::symbol_t* rt = ASRUtils::get_FunctionType(orig_func)->m_restrictions[i];

std::string rt_name = ASRUtils::symbol_name(rt);

if ( rt_name == arg_name ) {

return -2;

}

}

if( raise_error && arg_position == -1 ) {

throw SemanticError("Function " + std::string(orig_func->m_name) +

" doesn't have an argument named '" + arg_name + "'",

call_loc);

}

return arg_position;

}

bool visit_expr_list(AST::expr_t** pos_args, size_t n_pos_args,

AST::keyword_t* kwargs, size_t n_kwargs,

Vec<ASR::call_arg_t>& call_args_vec,

std::map<std::string, ASR::symbol_t*>& rt_subs,

ASR::Function_t* orig_func, const Location& call_loc,

bool raise_error=true) {

LCOMPILERS_ASSERT(call_args_vec.reserve_called);

// Fill the whole call_args_vec with nullptr

// This is for error handling later on.

for( size_t i = 0; i < n_pos_args + n_kwargs; i++ ) {

ASR::call_arg_t call_arg;

Location loc;

loc.first = loc.last = 1;

call_arg.m_value = nullptr;

call_arg.loc = loc;

call_args_vec.push_back(al, call_arg);

}

// Now handle positional arguments in the following loop

for( size_t i = 0; i < n_pos_args; i++ ) {

this->visit_expr(*pos_args[i]);

ASR::expr_t* expr = ASRUtils::EXPR(tmp);

call_args_vec.p[i].loc = expr->base.loc;

call_args_vec.p[i].m_value = expr;

}

// Now handle keyword arguments in the following loop

for( size_t i = 0; i < n_kwargs; i++ ) {

this->visit_expr(*kwargs[i].m_value);

ASR::expr_t* expr = ASRUtils::EXPR(tmp);

std::string arg_name = std::string(kwargs[i].m_arg);

int64_t arg_pos = find_argument_position_from_name(orig_func, arg_name, call_loc, raise_error);

if( arg_pos == -1 ) {

return false;

}

// Special treatment for argument to generic function's restriction

if (arg_pos == -2) {

if (ASR::is_a<ASR::Var_t>(*expr)) {

ASR::Var_t* var = ASR::down_cast<ASR::Var_t>(expr);

rt_subs[arg_name] = var->m_v;

}

continue;

}

if( call_args_vec[arg_pos].m_value != nullptr ) {

if( !raise_error ) {

return false;

}

throw SemanticError(std::string(orig_func->m_name) + "() got multiple values for argument '"

+ arg_name + "'",

call_loc);

}

call_args_vec.p[arg_pos].loc = expr->base.loc;

call_args_vec.p[arg_pos].m_value = expr;

}

return true;

}

int64_t find_argument_position_from_name(ASR::StructType_t* orig_struct, std::string arg_name) {

for( size_t i = 0; i < orig_struct->n_members; i++ ) {

std::string original_arg_name = std::string(orig_struct->m_members[i]);

if( original_arg_name == arg_name ) {

return i;

}

}

return -1;

}

void visit_expr_list(AST::expr_t** pos_args, size_t n_pos_args,

AST::keyword_t* kwargs, size_t n_kwargs,

Vec<ASR::call_arg_t>& call_args_vec,

ASR::StructType_t* orig_struct, const Location &loc) {

LCOMPILERS_ASSERT(call_args_vec.reserve_called);

// Fill the whole call_args_vec with nullptr

// This is for error handling later on.

for( size_t i = 0; i < n_pos_args + n_kwargs; i++ ) {

ASR::call_arg_t call_arg;

Location loc;

loc.first = loc.last = 1;

call_arg.m_value = nullptr;

call_arg.loc = loc;

call_args_vec.push_back(al, call_arg);

}

// Now handle positional arguments in the following loop

for( size_t i = 0; i < n_pos_args; i++ ) {

this->visit_expr(*pos_args[i]);

ASR::expr_t* expr = ASRUtils::EXPR(tmp);

call_args_vec.p[i].loc = expr->base.loc;

call_args_vec.p[i].m_value = expr;

}

// Now handle keyword arguments in the following loop

for( size_t i = 0; i < n_kwargs; i++ ) {

this->visit_expr(*kwargs[i].m_value);

ASR::expr_t* expr = ASRUtils::EXPR(tmp);

std::string arg_name = std::string(kwargs[i].m_arg);

int64_t arg_pos = find_argument_position_from_name(orig_struct, arg_name);

if( arg_pos == -1 ) {

throw SemanticError("Member '" + arg_name + "' not found in struct", kwargs[i].loc);

} else if (arg_pos >= (int64_t)call_args_vec.size()) {

throw SemanticError("Not enough arguments to " + std::string(orig_struct->m_name)

+ "(), expected " + std::to_string(orig_struct->n_members), loc);

}

if( call_args_vec[arg_pos].m_value != nullptr ) {

throw SemanticError(std::string(orig_struct->m_name) + "() got multiple values for argument '"

+ arg_name + "'", kwargs[i].loc);

}

call_args_vec.p[arg_pos].loc = expr->base.loc;

call_args_vec.p[arg_pos].m_value = expr;

}

}

void visit_expr_list_with_cast(ASR::expr_t** m_args, size_t n_args,

Vec<ASR::call_arg_t>& call_args_vec,

Vec<ASR::call_arg_t>& args,

bool check_type_equality=true) {

LCOMPILERS_ASSERT(call_args_vec.reserve_called);

for (size_t i = 0; i < n_args; i++) {

ASR::call_arg_t c_arg;

c_arg.loc = args[i].loc;

c_arg.m_value = args[i].m_value;

cast_helper(m_args[i], c_arg.m_value, true);

ASR::ttype_t* left_type = ASRUtils::expr_type(m_args[i]);

ASR::ttype_t* right_type = ASRUtils::expr_type(c_arg.m_value);

if( check_type_equality && !ASRUtils::check_equal_type(left_type, right_type) ) {

std::string ltype = ASRUtils::type_to_str_python(left_type);

std::string rtype = ASRUtils::type_to_str_python(right_type);

diag.add(diag::Diagnostic(

"Type mismatch in procedure call; the types must be compatible",

diag::Level::Error, diag::Stage::Semantic, {

diag::Label("type mismatch (passed argument type is " + rtype + " but required type is " + ltype + ")",

{ c_arg.loc, left_type->base.loc})

})

);

throw SemanticAbort();

}

call_args_vec.push_back(al, c_arg);

}

}

ASR::ttype_t* get_type_from_var_annotation(std::string var_annotation,

const Location& loc, Vec<ASR::dimension_t>& dims,

AST::expr_t** m_args=nullptr, [[maybe_unused]] size_t n_args=0,

bool raise_error=true, ASR::abiType abi=ASR::abiType::Source,

bool is_argument=false) {

ASR::ttype_t* type = nullptr;

ASR::symbol_t *s = current_scope->resolve_symbol(var_annotation);

if (s) {

if (ASR::is_a<ASR::Variable_t>(*s)) {

ASR::Variable_t *var_sym = ASR::down_cast<ASR::Variable_t>(s);

if (var_sym->m_type->type == ASR::ttypeType::TypeParameter) {

ASR::TypeParameter_t *type_param = ASR::down_cast<ASR::TypeParameter_t>(var_sym->m_type);

type = ASRUtils::TYPE(ASR::make_TypeParameter_t(al, loc, type_param->m_param));

type = ASRUtils::make_Array_t_util(al, loc, type, dims.p, dims.size(), abi, is_argument);

}

} else {

ASR::symbol_t *der_sym = ASRUtils::symbol_get_past_external(s);

if( der_sym ) {

if ( ASR::is_a<ASR::StructType_t>(*der_sym) ) {

type = ASRUtils::TYPE(ASR::make_Struct_t(al, loc, s));

type = ASRUtils::make_Array_t_util(al, loc, type, dims.p, dims.size(), abi, is_argument);

} else if( ASR::is_a<ASR::EnumType_t>(*der_sym) ) {

type = ASRUtils::TYPE(ASR::make_Enum_t(al, loc, s));

type = ASRUtils::make_Array_t_util(al, loc, type, dims.p, dims.size(), abi, is_argument);

} else if( ASR::is_a<ASR::UnionType_t>(*der_sym) ) {

type = ASRUtils::TYPE(ASR::make_Union_t(al, loc, s));

type = ASRUtils::make_Array_t_util(al, loc, type, dims.p, dims.size(), abi, is_argument);

}

}

}

} else if (var_annotation == "i8") {

type = ASRUtils::TYPE(ASR::make_Integer_t(al, loc, 1));

type = ASRUtils::make_Array_t_util(al, loc, type, dims.p, dims.size(), abi, is_argument);

} else if (var_annotation == "i16") {

type = ASRUtils::TYPE(ASR::make_Integer_t(al, loc, 2));

type = ASRUtils::make_Array_t_util(al, loc, type, dims.p, dims.size(), abi, is_argument);

} else if (var_annotation == "i32") {

type = ASRUtils::TYPE(ASR::make_Integer_t(al, loc, 4));

type = ASRUtils::make_Array_t_util(al, loc, type, dims.p, dims.size(), abi, is_argument);

} else if (var_annotation == "i64") {

type = ASRUtils::TYPE(ASR::make_Integer_t(al, loc, 8));

type = ASRUtils::make_Array_t_util(al, loc, type, dims.p, dims.size(), abi, is_argument);

} else if (var_annotation == "u8") {

type = ASRUtils::TYPE(ASR::make_UnsignedInteger_t(al, loc, 1));

type = ASRUtils::make_Array_t_util(al, loc, type, dims.p, dims.size(), abi, is_argument);

} else if (var_annotation == "u16") {

type = ASRUtils::TYPE(ASR::make_UnsignedInteger_t(al, loc, 2));

type = ASRUtils::make_Array_t_util(al, loc, type, dims.p, dims.size(), abi, is_argument);

} else if (var_annotation == "u32") {

type = ASRUtils::TYPE(ASR::make_UnsignedInteger_t(al, loc, 4));

type = ASRUtils::make_Array_t_util(al, loc, type, dims.p, dims.size(), abi, is_argument);

} else if (var_annotation == "u64") {

type = ASRUtils::TYPE(ASR::make_UnsignedInteger_t(al, loc, 8));

type = ASRUtils::make_Array_t_util(al, loc, type, dims.p, dims.size(), abi, is_argument);

} else if (var_annotation == "f32") {

type = ASRUtils::TYPE(ASR::make_Real_t(al, loc, 4));

type = ASRUtils::make_Array_t_util(al, loc, type, dims.p, dims.size(), abi, is_argument);

} else if (var_annotation == "f64") {

type = ASRUtils::TYPE(ASR::make_Real_t(al, loc, 8));

type = ASRUtils::make_Array_t_util(al, loc, type, dims.p, dims.size(), abi, is_argument);

} else if (var_annotation == "c32") {

type = ASRUtils::TYPE(ASR::make_Complex_t(al, loc, 4));

type = ASRUtils::make_Array_t_util(al, loc, type, dims.p, dims.size(), abi, is_argument);

} else if (var_annotation == "c64") {

type = ASRUtils::TYPE(ASR::make_Complex_t(al, loc, 8));

type = ASRUtils::make_Array_t_util(al, loc, type, dims.p, dims.size(), abi, is_argument);

} else if (var_annotation == "str") {

type = ASRUtils::TYPE(ASR::make_Character_t(al, loc, 1, -2, nullptr));

type = ASRUtils::make_Array_t_util(al, loc, type, dims.p, dims.size(), abi, is_argument);

} else if (var_annotation == "bool" || var_annotation == "i1") {

type = ASRUtils::TYPE(ASR::make_Logical_t(al, loc, 4));

type = ASRUtils::make_Array_t_util(al, loc, type, dims.p, dims.size(), abi, is_argument);

} else if (var_annotation == "CPtr") {

type = ASRUtils::TYPE(ASR::make_CPtr_t(al, loc));

} else if (var_annotation == "pointer") {

LCOMPILERS_ASSERT(n_args == 1);

AST::expr_t* underlying_type = m_args[0];

bool is_allocatable = false;