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add translated for 'How a template engine works'
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‎Others/README.md‎

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- [中断两个循环](./中断两个循环.md)
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一个常见的问题是，我如何一次性跳出两个嵌套的循环？例如，如何我才能检查字符串中的字符对，然后在我找到一对相等的字符对时停止？
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一个常见的问题是，我如何一次性跳出两个嵌套的循环？例如，如何我才能检查字符串中的字符对，然后在我找到一对相等的字符对时停止？
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- [一个模板引擎是如何工作的？](./一个模板引擎是如何工作的？.md)
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在这里，我们要通过深入tornado web框架的template模块，找出一个模板引擎是如何工作的，这是一个简单的系统，这样我们就可以专注于过程的基本思路。

raw/How a template engine works.md renamed to Others/一个模板引擎是如何工作的？.md

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```
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The `compile` will compile the _source_ into a code object. We can execute it
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later with an `exec` statement. Now let's build the `parse_template` function,
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firstly we need to parse our template string into a list of nodes that knows
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how to generate Python code, we need a function called `_parse`, we will see
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the function later, we need some helpers now, to help with reading through the
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template file, we have the `_TemplateReader` class, which handles the reading
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for us as we consume the template file. We need to start from the begining and
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keep going ahead to find some special notations, the `_TemplateReader` will
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keep the current position and give us ways to do it:
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`compile`会将_source_编译成一个code对象。稍后，我们可以使用一个`exec`语句来执行它。现在，构建`parse_template`函数，首先，我们需要将模板字符串解析成节点(node)列表，它清楚如何生成Python代码，我们需要一个名为`_parse`的函数，稍后我们将看到这个函数，我们现在需要一些辅助器，用以读取整个模板文件，我们有`_TemplateReader`类，在我们处理模板文件的时候，它为我们处理读取。我们需要从头开始，找到一些特殊的标记，`_TemplateReader`将会记录当前位置，并为我们提供执行方法：
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```python
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```
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To help with generating the Python code, we need the `_CodeWriter` class, this
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class writes lines of codes and manages indentation, also it is one Python
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context manager:
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为了生成Python代码，我们需要`_CodeWriter`类，这个类编写代码行，并管理缩进，另外，它还是一个Python上下文管理器：
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```python
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```
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Then we pass the reader to the `_parse` function and produces a list of nodes.
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All of there nodes are the child nodes of the template file node. We create
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one CodeWriter object, the file node writes Python code into the CodeWriter,
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and we return the generated Python code. The `_Node` class would handle the
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Python code generation for a specific case, we will see it later. Now let's go
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back to our `_parse` function:
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然后，我们将读取器传递给`_parse`函数，并生成节点列表。所有这些节点都是模板文件节点的子节点。我们创建一个CodeWriter对象，文件节点将Python代码写入到CodeWriter中，然后返回生成的Python代码。`_Node`类将会处理特殊情况下的Python代码生成，稍后我们会看到。现在，回到`_parse`函数：
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```python
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```
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We loop forever to find a template directive in the remaining file, if we
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reach the end of the file, we append the text node and exit, otherwise, we
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have found one template directive.
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进入无限循环以查找剩余文件中的模板指令，如果抵达文件末端，则附加文本节点并退出，否则，说明找到了一个模板指令。
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```python
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```
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We have a block here, normally we would get the block body recursively and
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append a `_ControlBlock` node, the block body should be a list of nodes. If we
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encounter an `{% end %}`, the block ends and we exit the function.
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这里，有一个块，通常，我们会递归获得块体，并附加一个`_ControlBlock`节点，而块体应该是一个节点列表。如果遇到一个`{% end %}`，则说明块结束了，退出该函数。
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It is time to find out the secrets of `_Node` class, it is quite simple:
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是时候找出`_Node`类的秘密了，它非常简单：
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```python
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```
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The `_Text` and `_Expression` node are also really simple, just append what
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you get from the template source.
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`_Text`和`_Expression`节点也相当简单，只是附加从模板源获得的东西。
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```python
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```
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For a `_ControlBlock` node, we need to indent and write our child node list
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with the indentation.
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对于一个`_ControlBlock`节点，我们需要缩进并带缩进编写子节点列表。
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Now let's get back to the rendering part, we render a context by using the
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`generate` method of `Template` object, the `generate` function just call the
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compiled Python code:
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现在，让我们回到渲染部分，通过使用`Template`对象的`generate`方法，我们渲染一个上下文，`generate`方法仅仅是调用编译好了的Python代码：
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```python
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