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<div class="section" id="module-curses">
<span id="curses-terminal-handling-for-character-cell-displays"></span><h1>16.10. <a class="reference internal" href="#module-curses" title="curses: An interface to the curses library, providing portable terminal handling. (Unix)"><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">curses</span></code></a> — Terminal handling for character-cell displays<a class="headerlink" href="#module-curses" title="本標題的永久連結">¶</a></h1>
<hr class="docutils" />
<p>The <a class="reference internal" href="#module-curses" title="curses: An interface to the curses library, providing portable terminal handling. (Unix)"><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">curses</span></code></a> module provides an interface to the curses library, the
de-facto standard for portable advanced terminal handling.</p>
<p>While curses is most widely used in the Unix environment, versions are available
for Windows, DOS, and possibly other systems as well. This extension module is
designed to match the API of ncurses, an open-source curses library hosted on
Linux and the BSD variants of Unix.</p>
<div class="admonition note">
<p class="first admonition-title">備註</p>
<p>Whenever the documentation mentions a <em>character</em> it can be specified
as an integer, a one-character Unicode string or a one-byte byte string.</p>
<p class="last">Whenever the documentation mentions a <em>character string</em> it can be specified
as a Unicode string or a byte string.</p>
</div>
<div class="admonition note">
<p class="first admonition-title">備註</p>
<p>Since version 5.4, the ncurses library decides how to interpret non-ASCII data
using the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">nl_langinfo</span></code> function. That means that you have to call
<a class="reference internal" href="locale.html#locale.setlocale" title="locale.setlocale"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">locale.setlocale()</span></code></a> in the application and encode Unicode strings
using one of the system’s available encodings. This example uses the
system’s default encoding:</p>
<div class="highlight-python3 notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="kn">import</span> <span class="nn">locale</span>
<span class="n">locale</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">setlocale</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">locale</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">LC_ALL</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s1">''</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">code</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">locale</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">getpreferredencoding</span><span class="p">()</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p class="last">Then use <em>code</em> as the encoding for <a class="reference internal" href="stdtypes.html#str.encode" title="str.encode"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">str.encode()</span></code></a> calls.</p>
</div>
<div class="admonition seealso">
<p class="first admonition-title">也參考</p>
<dl class="docutils">
<dt>Module <a class="reference internal" href="curses.ascii.html#module-curses.ascii" title="curses.ascii: Constants and set-membership functions for ASCII characters."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">curses.ascii</span></code></a></dt>
<dd>Utilities for working with ASCII characters, regardless of your locale settings.</dd>
<dt>Module <a class="reference internal" href="curses.panel.html#module-curses.panel" title="curses.panel: A panel stack extension that adds depth to curses windows."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">curses.panel</span></code></a></dt>
<dd>A panel stack extension that adds depth to curses windows.</dd>
<dt>Module <a class="reference internal" href="#module-curses.textpad" title="curses.textpad: Emacs-like input editing in a curses window."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">curses.textpad</span></code></a></dt>
<dd>Editable text widget for curses supporting <strong class="program">Emacs</strong>-like bindings.</dd>
<dt><a class="reference internal" href="../howto/curses.html#curses-howto"><span class="std std-ref">Curses Programming with Python</span></a></dt>
<dd>Tutorial material on using curses with Python, by Andrew Kuchling and Eric
Raymond.</dd>
</dl>
<p class="last">The <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/tree/3.7/Tools/demo/">Tools/demo/</a> directory in the Python source distribution contains
some example programs using the curses bindings provided by this module.</p>
</div>
<div class="section" id="functions">
<span id="curses-functions"></span><h2>16.10.1. Functions<a class="headerlink" href="#functions" title="本標題的永久連結">¶</a></h2>
<p>The module <a class="reference internal" href="#module-curses" title="curses: An interface to the curses library, providing portable terminal handling. (Unix)"><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">curses</span></code></a> defines the following exception:</p>
<dl class="exception">
<dt id="curses.error">
<em class="property">exception </em><code class="descclassname">curses.</code><code class="descname">error</code><a class="headerlink" href="#curses.error" title="本定義的永久連結">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>Exception raised when a curses library function returns an error.</p>
</dd></dl>
<div class="admonition note">
<p class="first admonition-title">備註</p>
<p class="last">Whenever <em>x</em> or <em>y</em> arguments to a function or a method are optional, they
default to the current cursor location. Whenever <em>attr</em> is optional, it defaults
to <code class="xref py py-const docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">A_NORMAL</span></code>.</p>
</div>
<p>The module <a class="reference internal" href="#module-curses" title="curses: An interface to the curses library, providing portable terminal handling. (Unix)"><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">curses</span></code></a> defines the following functions:</p>
<dl class="function">
<dt id="curses.baudrate">
<code class="descclassname">curses.</code><code class="descname">baudrate</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#curses.baudrate" title="本定義的永久連結">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>Return the output speed of the terminal in bits per second. On software
terminal emulators it will have a fixed high value. Included for historical
reasons; in former times, it was used to write output loops for time delays and
occasionally to change interfaces depending on the line speed.</p>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="function">
<dt id="curses.beep">
<code class="descclassname">curses.</code><code class="descname">beep</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#curses.beep" title="本定義的永久連結">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>Emit a short attention sound.</p>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="function">
<dt id="curses.can_change_color">
<code class="descclassname">curses.</code><code class="descname">can_change_color</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#curses.can_change_color" title="本定義的永久連結">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>Return <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">True</span></code> or <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">False</span></code>, depending on whether the programmer can change the colors
displayed by the terminal.</p>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="function">
<dt id="curses.cbreak">
<code class="descclassname">curses.</code><code class="descname">cbreak</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#curses.cbreak" title="本定義的永久連結">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>Enter cbreak mode. In cbreak mode (sometimes called 「rare」 mode) normal tty
line buffering is turned off and characters are available to be read one by one.
However, unlike raw mode, special characters (interrupt, quit, suspend, and flow
control) retain their effects on the tty driver and calling program. Calling
first <a class="reference internal" href="#curses.raw" title="curses.raw"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">raw()</span></code></a> then <a class="reference internal" href="#curses.cbreak" title="curses.cbreak"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">cbreak()</span></code></a> leaves the terminal in cbreak mode.</p>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="function">
<dt id="curses.color_content">
<code class="descclassname">curses.</code><code class="descname">color_content</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>color_number</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#curses.color_content" title="本定義的永久連結">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>Return the intensity of the red, green, and blue (RGB) components in the color
<em>color_number</em>, which must be between <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">0</span></code> and <code class="xref py py-const docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">COLORS</span></code>. Return a 3-tuple,
containing the R,G,B values for the given color, which will be between
<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">0</span></code> (no component) and <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">1000</span></code> (maximum amount of component).</p>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="function">
<dt id="curses.color_pair">
<code class="descclassname">curses.</code><code class="descname">color_pair</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>color_number</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#curses.color_pair" title="本定義的永久連結">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>Return the attribute value for displaying text in the specified color. This
attribute value can be combined with <code class="xref py py-const docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">A_STANDOUT</span></code>, <code class="xref py py-const docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">A_REVERSE</span></code>,
and the other <code class="xref py py-const docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">A_*</span></code> attributes. <a class="reference internal" href="#curses.pair_number" title="curses.pair_number"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">pair_number()</span></code></a> is the counterpart
to this function.</p>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="function">
<dt id="curses.curs_set">
<code class="descclassname">curses.</code><code class="descname">curs_set</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>visibility</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#curses.curs_set" title="本定義的永久連結">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>Set the cursor state. <em>visibility</em> can be set to <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">0</span></code>, <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">1</span></code>, or <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">2</span></code>, for invisible,
normal, or very visible. If the terminal supports the visibility requested, return the
previous cursor state; otherwise raise an exception. On many
terminals, the 「visible」 mode is an underline cursor and the 「very visible」 mode
is a block cursor.</p>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="function">
<dt id="curses.def_prog_mode">
<code class="descclassname">curses.</code><code class="descname">def_prog_mode</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#curses.def_prog_mode" title="本定義的永久連結">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>Save the current terminal mode as the 「program」 mode, the mode when the running
program is using curses. (Its counterpart is the 「shell」 mode, for when the
program is not in curses.) Subsequent calls to <a class="reference internal" href="#curses.reset_prog_mode" title="curses.reset_prog_mode"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">reset_prog_mode()</span></code></a> will
restore this mode.</p>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="function">
<dt id="curses.def_shell_mode">
<code class="descclassname">curses.</code><code class="descname">def_shell_mode</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#curses.def_shell_mode" title="本定義的永久連結">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>Save the current terminal mode as the 「shell」 mode, the mode when the running
program is not using curses. (Its counterpart is the 「program」 mode, when the
program is using curses capabilities.) Subsequent calls to
<a class="reference internal" href="#curses.reset_shell_mode" title="curses.reset_shell_mode"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">reset_shell_mode()</span></code></a> will restore this mode.</p>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="function">
<dt id="curses.delay_output">
<code class="descclassname">curses.</code><code class="descname">delay_output</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>ms</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#curses.delay_output" title="本定義的永久連結">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>Insert an <em>ms</em> millisecond pause in output.</p>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="function">
<dt id="curses.doupdate">
<code class="descclassname">curses.</code><code class="descname">doupdate</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#curses.doupdate" title="本定義的永久連結">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>Update the physical screen. The curses library keeps two data structures, one
representing the current physical screen contents and a virtual screen
representing the desired next state. The <a class="reference internal" href="#curses.doupdate" title="curses.doupdate"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">doupdate()</span></code></a> ground updates the
physical screen to match the virtual screen.</p>
<p>The virtual screen may be updated by a <a class="reference internal" href="#curses.window.noutrefresh" title="curses.window.noutrefresh"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">noutrefresh()</span></code></a> call after write
operations such as <a class="reference internal" href="#curses.window.addstr" title="curses.window.addstr"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">addstr()</span></code></a> have been performed on a window. The normal
<a class="reference internal" href="#curses.window.refresh" title="curses.window.refresh"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">refresh()</span></code></a> call is simply <code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">noutrefresh()</span></code> followed by <code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">doupdate()</span></code>;
if you have to update multiple windows, you can speed performance and perhaps
reduce screen flicker by issuing <code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">noutrefresh()</span></code> calls on all windows,
followed by a single <code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">doupdate()</span></code>.</p>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="function">
<dt id="curses.echo">
<code class="descclassname">curses.</code><code class="descname">echo</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#curses.echo" title="本定義的永久連結">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>Enter echo mode. In echo mode, each character input is echoed to the screen as
it is entered.</p>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="function">
<dt id="curses.endwin">
<code class="descclassname">curses.</code><code class="descname">endwin</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#curses.endwin" title="本定義的永久連結">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>De-initialize the library, and return terminal to normal status.</p>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="function">
<dt id="curses.erasechar">
<code class="descclassname">curses.</code><code class="descname">erasechar</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#curses.erasechar" title="本定義的永久連結">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>Return the user’s current erase character as a one-byte bytes object. Under Unix operating systems this
is a property of the controlling tty of the curses program, and is not set by
the curses library itself.</p>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="function">
<dt id="curses.filter">
<code class="descclassname">curses.</code><code class="descname">filter</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#curses.filter" title="本定義的永久連結">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>The <a class="reference internal" href="#curses.filter" title="curses.filter"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">filter()</span></code></a> routine, if used, must be called before <a class="reference internal" href="#curses.initscr" title="curses.initscr"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">initscr()</span></code></a> is
called. The effect is that, during those calls, <span class="target" id="index-0"></span><code class="xref std std-envvar docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">LINES</span></code> is set to <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">1</span></code>; the
capabilities <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">clear</span></code>, <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">cup</span></code>, <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">cud</span></code>, <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">cud1</span></code>, <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">cuu1</span></code>, <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">cuu</span></code>, <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">vpa</span></code> are disabled; and the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">home</span></code>
string is set to the value of <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">cr</span></code>. The effect is that the cursor is confined to
the current line, and so are screen updates. This may be used for enabling
character-at-a-time line editing without touching the rest of the screen.</p>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="function">
<dt id="curses.flash">
<code class="descclassname">curses.</code><code class="descname">flash</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#curses.flash" title="本定義的永久連結">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>Flash the screen. That is, change it to reverse-video and then change it back
in a short interval. Some people prefer such as 『visible bell』 to the audible
attention signal produced by <a class="reference internal" href="#curses.beep" title="curses.beep"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">beep()</span></code></a>.</p>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="function">
<dt id="curses.flushinp">
<code class="descclassname">curses.</code><code class="descname">flushinp</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#curses.flushinp" title="本定義的永久連結">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>Flush all input buffers. This throws away any typeahead that has been typed
by the user and has not yet been processed by the program.</p>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="function">
<dt id="curses.getmouse">
<code class="descclassname">curses.</code><code class="descname">getmouse</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#curses.getmouse" title="本定義的永久連結">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>After <a class="reference internal" href="#curses.window.getch" title="curses.window.getch"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">getch()</span></code></a> returns <code class="xref py py-const docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">KEY_MOUSE</span></code> to signal a mouse event, this
method should be call to retrieve the queued mouse event, represented as a
5-tuple <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">(id,</span> <span class="pre">x,</span> <span class="pre">y,</span> <span class="pre">z,</span> <span class="pre">bstate)</span></code>. <em>id</em> is an ID value used to distinguish
multiple devices, and <em>x</em>, <em>y</em>, <em>z</em> are the event’s coordinates. (<em>z</em> is
currently unused.) <em>bstate</em> is an integer value whose bits will be set to
indicate the type of event, and will be the bitwise OR of one or more of the
following constants, where <em>n</em> is the button number from 1 to 4:
<code class="xref py py-const docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">BUTTONn_PRESSED</span></code>, <code class="xref py py-const docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">BUTTONn_RELEASED</span></code>, <code class="xref py py-const docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">BUTTONn_CLICKED</span></code>,
<code class="xref py py-const docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">BUTTONn_DOUBLE_CLICKED</span></code>, <code class="xref py py-const docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">BUTTONn_TRIPLE_CLICKED</span></code>,
<code class="xref py py-const docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">BUTTON_SHIFT</span></code>, <code class="xref py py-const docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">BUTTON_CTRL</span></code>, <code class="xref py py-const docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">BUTTON_ALT</span></code>.</p>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="function">
<dt id="curses.getsyx">
<code class="descclassname">curses.</code><code class="descname">getsyx</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#curses.getsyx" title="本定義的永久連結">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>Return the current coordinates of the virtual screen cursor as a tuple
<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">(y,</span> <span class="pre">x)</span></code>. If <a class="reference internal" href="#curses.window.leaveok" title="curses.window.leaveok"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">leaveok</span></code></a> is currently <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">True</span></code>, then return <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">(-1,</span> <span class="pre">-1)</span></code>.</p>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="function">
<dt id="curses.getwin">
<code class="descclassname">curses.</code><code class="descname">getwin</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>file</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#curses.getwin" title="本定義的永久連結">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>Read window related data stored in the file by an earlier <code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">putwin()</span></code> call.
The routine then creates and initializes a new window using that data, returning
the new window object.</p>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="function">
<dt id="curses.has_colors">
<code class="descclassname">curses.</code><code class="descname">has_colors</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#curses.has_colors" title="本定義的永久連結">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>Return <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">True</span></code> if the terminal can display colors; otherwise, return <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">False</span></code>.</p>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="function">
<dt id="curses.has_ic">
<code class="descclassname">curses.</code><code class="descname">has_ic</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#curses.has_ic" title="本定義的永久連結">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>Return <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">True</span></code> if the terminal has insert- and delete-character capabilities.
This function is included for historical reasons only, as all modern software
terminal emulators have such capabilities.</p>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="function">
<dt id="curses.has_il">
<code class="descclassname">curses.</code><code class="descname">has_il</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#curses.has_il" title="本定義的永久連結">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>Return <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">True</span></code> if the terminal has insert- and delete-line capabilities, or can
simulate them using scrolling regions. This function is included for
historical reasons only, as all modern software terminal emulators have such
capabilities.</p>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="function">
<dt id="curses.has_key">
<code class="descclassname">curses.</code><code class="descname">has_key</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>ch</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#curses.has_key" title="本定義的永久連結">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>Take a key value <em>ch</em>, and return <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">True</span></code> if the current terminal type recognizes
a key with that value.</p>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="function">
<dt id="curses.halfdelay">
<code class="descclassname">curses.</code><code class="descname">halfdelay</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>tenths</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#curses.halfdelay" title="本定義的永久連結">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>Used for half-delay mode, which is similar to cbreak mode in that characters
typed by the user are immediately available to the program. However, after
blocking for <em>tenths</em> tenths of seconds, raise an exception if nothing has
been typed. The value of <em>tenths</em> must be a number between <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">1</span></code> and <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">255</span></code>. Use
<a class="reference internal" href="#curses.nocbreak" title="curses.nocbreak"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">nocbreak()</span></code></a> to leave half-delay mode.</p>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="function">
<dt id="curses.init_color">
<code class="descclassname">curses.</code><code class="descname">init_color</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>color_number</em>, <em>r</em>, <em>g</em>, <em>b</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#curses.init_color" title="本定義的永久連結">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>Change the definition of a color, taking the number of the color to be changed
followed by three RGB values (for the amounts of red, green, and blue
components). The value of <em>color_number</em> must be between <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">0</span></code> and
<code class="xref py py-const docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">COLORS</span></code>. Each of <em>r</em>, <em>g</em>, <em>b</em>, must be a value between <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">0</span></code> and
<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">1000</span></code>. When <a class="reference internal" href="#curses.init_color" title="curses.init_color"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">init_color()</span></code></a> is used, all occurrences of that color on the
screen immediately change to the new definition. This function is a no-op on
most terminals; it is active only if <a class="reference internal" href="#curses.can_change_color" title="curses.can_change_color"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">can_change_color()</span></code></a> returns <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">True</span></code>.</p>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="function">
<dt id="curses.init_pair">
<code class="descclassname">curses.</code><code class="descname">init_pair</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>pair_number</em>, <em>fg</em>, <em>bg</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#curses.init_pair" title="本定義的永久連結">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>Change the definition of a color-pair. It takes three arguments: the number of
the color-pair to be changed, the foreground color number, and the background
color number. The value of <em>pair_number</em> must be between <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">1</span></code> and
<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">COLOR_PAIRS</span> <span class="pre">-</span> <span class="pre">1</span></code> (the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">0</span></code> color pair is wired to white on black and cannot
be changed). The value of <em>fg</em> and <em>bg</em> arguments must be between <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">0</span></code> and
<code class="xref py py-const docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">COLORS</span></code>. If the color-pair was previously initialized, the screen is
refreshed and all occurrences of that color-pair are changed to the new
definition.</p>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="function">
<dt id="curses.initscr">
<code class="descclassname">curses.</code><code class="descname">initscr</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#curses.initscr" title="本定義的永久連結">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>Initialize the library. Return a <a class="reference internal" href="#curses-window-objects"><span class="std std-ref">window</span></a> object
which represents the whole screen.</p>
<div class="admonition note">
<p class="first admonition-title">備註</p>
<p class="last">If there is an error opening the terminal, the underlying curses library may
cause the interpreter to exit.</p>
</div>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="function">
<dt id="curses.is_term_resized">
<code class="descclassname">curses.</code><code class="descname">is_term_resized</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>nlines</em>, <em>ncols</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#curses.is_term_resized" title="本定義的永久連結">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>Return <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">True</span></code> if <a class="reference internal" href="#curses.resize_term" title="curses.resize_term"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">resize_term()</span></code></a> would modify the window structure,
<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">False</span></code> otherwise.</p>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="function">
<dt id="curses.isendwin">
<code class="descclassname">curses.</code><code class="descname">isendwin</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#curses.isendwin" title="本定義的永久連結">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>Return <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">True</span></code> if <a class="reference internal" href="#curses.endwin" title="curses.endwin"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">endwin()</span></code></a> has been called (that is, the curses library has
been deinitialized).</p>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="function">
<dt id="curses.keyname">
<code class="descclassname">curses.</code><code class="descname">keyname</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>k</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#curses.keyname" title="本定義的永久連結">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>Return the name of the key numbered <em>k</em> as a bytes object. The name of a key generating printable
ASCII character is the key’s character. The name of a control-key combination
is a two-byte bytes object consisting of a caret (<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">b'^'</span></code>) followed by the corresponding
printable ASCII character. The name of an alt-key combination (128–255) is a
bytes object consisting of the prefix <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">b'M-'</span></code> followed by the name of the corresponding
ASCII character.</p>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="function">
<dt id="curses.killchar">
<code class="descclassname">curses.</code><code class="descname">killchar</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#curses.killchar" title="本定義的永久連結">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>Return the user’s current line kill character as a one-byte bytes object. Under Unix operating systems
this is a property of the controlling tty of the curses program, and is not set
by the curses library itself.</p>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="function">
<dt id="curses.longname">
<code class="descclassname">curses.</code><code class="descname">longname</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#curses.longname" title="本定義的永久連結">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>Return a bytes object containing the terminfo long name field describing the current
terminal. The maximum length of a verbose description is 128 characters. It is
defined only after the call to <a class="reference internal" href="#curses.initscr" title="curses.initscr"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">initscr()</span></code></a>.</p>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="function">
<dt id="curses.meta">
<code class="descclassname">curses.</code><code class="descname">meta</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>flag</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#curses.meta" title="本定義的永久連結">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>If <em>flag</em> is <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">True</span></code>, allow 8-bit characters to be input. If
<em>flag</em> is <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">False</span></code>, allow only 7-bit chars.</p>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="function">
<dt id="curses.mouseinterval">
<code class="descclassname">curses.</code><code class="descname">mouseinterval</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>interval</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#curses.mouseinterval" title="本定義的永久連結">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>Set the maximum time in milliseconds that can elapse between press and release
events in order for them to be recognized as a click, and return the previous
interval value. The default value is 200 msec, or one fifth of a second.</p>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="function">
<dt id="curses.mousemask">
<code class="descclassname">curses.</code><code class="descname">mousemask</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>mousemask</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#curses.mousemask" title="本定義的永久連結">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>Set the mouse events to be reported, and return a tuple <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">(availmask,</span>
<span class="pre">oldmask)</span></code>. <em>availmask</em> indicates which of the specified mouse events can be
reported; on complete failure it returns <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">0</span></code>. <em>oldmask</em> is the previous value of
the given window’s mouse event mask. If this function is never called, no mouse
events are ever reported.</p>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="function">
<dt id="curses.napms">
<code class="descclassname">curses.</code><code class="descname">napms</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>ms</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#curses.napms" title="本定義的永久連結">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>Sleep for <em>ms</em> milliseconds.</p>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="function">
<dt id="curses.newpad">
<code class="descclassname">curses.</code><code class="descname">newpad</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>nlines</em>, <em>ncols</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#curses.newpad" title="本定義的永久連結">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>Create and return a pointer to a new pad data structure with the given number
of lines and columns. Return a pad as a window object.</p>
<p>A pad is like a window, except that it is not restricted by the screen size, and
is not necessarily associated with a particular part of the screen. Pads can be
used when a large window is needed, and only a part of the window will be on the
screen at one time. Automatic refreshes of pads (such as from scrolling or
echoing of input) do not occur. The <a class="reference internal" href="#curses.window.refresh" title="curses.window.refresh"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">refresh()</span></code></a> and <a class="reference internal" href="#curses.window.noutrefresh" title="curses.window.noutrefresh"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">noutrefresh()</span></code></a>
methods of a pad require 6 arguments to specify the part of the pad to be
displayed and the location on the screen to be used for the display. The
arguments are <em>pminrow</em>, <em>pmincol</em>, <em>sminrow</em>, <em>smincol</em>, <em>smaxrow</em>, <em>smaxcol</em>; the <em>p</em>
arguments refer to the upper left corner of the pad region to be displayed and
the <em>s</em> arguments define a clipping box on the screen within which the pad region
is to be displayed.</p>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="function">
<dt id="curses.newwin">
<code class="descclassname">curses.</code><code class="descname">newwin</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>nlines</em>, <em>ncols</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#curses.newwin" title="本定義的永久連結">¶</a></dt>
<dt>
<code class="descclassname">curses.</code><code class="descname">newwin</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>nlines</em>, <em>ncols</em>, <em>begin_y</em>, <em>begin_x</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span></dt>
<dd><p>Return a new <a class="reference internal" href="#curses-window-objects"><span class="std std-ref">window</span></a>, whose left-upper corner
is at <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">(begin_y,</span> <span class="pre">begin_x)</span></code>, and whose height/width is <em>nlines</em>/<em>ncols</em>.</p>
<p>By default, the window will extend from the specified position to the lower
right corner of the screen.</p>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="function">
<dt id="curses.nl">
<code class="descclassname">curses.</code><code class="descname">nl</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#curses.nl" title="本定義的永久連結">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>Enter newline mode. This mode translates the return key into newline on input,
and translates newline into return and line-feed on output. Newline mode is
initially on.</p>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="function">
<dt id="curses.nocbreak">
<code class="descclassname">curses.</code><code class="descname">nocbreak</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#curses.nocbreak" title="本定義的永久連結">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>Leave cbreak mode. Return to normal 「cooked」 mode with line buffering.</p>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="function">
<dt id="curses.noecho">
<code class="descclassname">curses.</code><code class="descname">noecho</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#curses.noecho" title="本定義的永久連結">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>Leave echo mode. Echoing of input characters is turned off.</p>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="function">
<dt id="curses.nonl">
<code class="descclassname">curses.</code><code class="descname">nonl</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#curses.nonl" title="本定義的永久連結">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>Leave newline mode. Disable translation of return into newline on input, and
disable low-level translation of newline into newline/return on output (but this
does not change the behavior of <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">addch('\n')</span></code>, which always does the
equivalent of return and line feed on the virtual screen). With translation
off, curses can sometimes speed up vertical motion a little; also, it will be
able to detect the return key on input.</p>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="function">
<dt id="curses.noqiflush">
<code class="descclassname">curses.</code><code class="descname">noqiflush</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#curses.noqiflush" title="本定義的永久連結">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>When the <code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">noqiflush()</span></code> routine is used, normal flush of input and output queues
associated with the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">INTR</span></code>, <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">QUIT</span></code> and <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">SUSP</span></code> characters will not be done. You may
want to call <code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">noqiflush()</span></code> in a signal handler if you want output to
continue as though the interrupt had not occurred, after the handler exits.</p>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="function">
<dt id="curses.noraw">
<code class="descclassname">curses.</code><code class="descname">noraw</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#curses.noraw" title="本定義的永久連結">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>Leave raw mode. Return to normal 「cooked」 mode with line buffering.</p>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="function">
<dt id="curses.pair_content">
<code class="descclassname">curses.</code><code class="descname">pair_content</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>pair_number</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#curses.pair_content" title="本定義的永久連結">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>Return a tuple <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">(fg,</span> <span class="pre">bg)</span></code> containing the colors for the requested color pair.
The value of <em>pair_number</em> must be between <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">1</span></code> and <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">COLOR_PAIRS</span> <span class="pre">-</span> <span class="pre">1</span></code>.</p>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="function">
<dt id="curses.pair_number">
<code class="descclassname">curses.</code><code class="descname">pair_number</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>attr</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#curses.pair_number" title="本定義的永久連結">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>Return the number of the color-pair set by the attribute value <em>attr</em>.
<a class="reference internal" href="#curses.color_pair" title="curses.color_pair"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">color_pair()</span></code></a> is the counterpart to this function.</p>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="function">
<dt id="curses.putp">
<code class="descclassname">curses.</code><code class="descname">putp</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>str</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#curses.putp" title="本定義的永久連結">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>Equivalent to <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">tputs(str,</span> <span class="pre">1,</span> <span class="pre">putchar)</span></code>; emit the value of a specified
terminfo capability for the current terminal. Note that the output of <a class="reference internal" href="#curses.putp" title="curses.putp"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">putp()</span></code></a>
always goes to standard output.</p>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="function">
<dt id="curses.qiflush">
<code class="descclassname">curses.</code><code class="descname">qiflush</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><span class="optional">[</span><em>flag</em><span class="optional">]</span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#curses.qiflush" title="本定義的永久連結">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>If <em>flag</em> is <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">False</span></code>, the effect is the same as calling <a class="reference internal" href="#curses.noqiflush" title="curses.noqiflush"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">noqiflush()</span></code></a>. If
<em>flag</em> is <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">True</span></code>, or no argument is provided, the queues will be flushed when
these control characters are read.</p>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="function">
<dt id="curses.raw">
<code class="descclassname">curses.</code><code class="descname">raw</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#curses.raw" title="本定義的永久連結">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>Enter raw mode. In raw mode, normal line buffering and processing of
interrupt, quit, suspend, and flow control keys are turned off; characters are
presented to curses input functions one by one.</p>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="function">
<dt id="curses.reset_prog_mode">
<code class="descclassname">curses.</code><code class="descname">reset_prog_mode</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#curses.reset_prog_mode" title="本定義的永久連結">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>Restore the terminal to 「program」 mode, as previously saved by
<a class="reference internal" href="#curses.def_prog_mode" title="curses.def_prog_mode"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">def_prog_mode()</span></code></a>.</p>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="function">
<dt id="curses.reset_shell_mode">
<code class="descclassname">curses.</code><code class="descname">reset_shell_mode</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#curses.reset_shell_mode" title="本定義的永久連結">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>Restore the terminal to 「shell」 mode, as previously saved by
<a class="reference internal" href="#curses.def_shell_mode" title="curses.def_shell_mode"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">def_shell_mode()</span></code></a>.</p>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="function">
<dt id="curses.resetty">
<code class="descclassname">curses.</code><code class="descname">resetty</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#curses.resetty" title="本定義的永久連結">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>Restore the state of the terminal modes to what it was at the last call to
<a class="reference internal" href="#curses.savetty" title="curses.savetty"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">savetty()</span></code></a>.</p>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="function">
<dt id="curses.resize_term">
<code class="descclassname">curses.</code><code class="descname">resize_term</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>nlines</em>, <em>ncols</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#curses.resize_term" title="本定義的永久連結">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>Backend function used by <a class="reference internal" href="#curses.resizeterm" title="curses.resizeterm"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">resizeterm()</span></code></a>, performing most of the work;
when resizing the windows, <a class="reference internal" href="#curses.resize_term" title="curses.resize_term"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">resize_term()</span></code></a> blank-fills the areas that are
extended. The calling application should fill in these areas with
appropriate data. The <code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">resize_term()</span></code> function attempts to resize all
windows. However, due to the calling convention of pads, it is not possible
to resize these without additional interaction with the application.</p>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="function">
<dt id="curses.resizeterm">
<code class="descclassname">curses.</code><code class="descname">resizeterm</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>nlines</em>, <em>ncols</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#curses.resizeterm" title="本定義的永久連結">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>Resize the standard and current windows to the specified dimensions, and
adjusts other bookkeeping data used by the curses library that record the
window dimensions (in particular the SIGWINCH handler).</p>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="function">
<dt id="curses.savetty">
<code class="descclassname">curses.</code><code class="descname">savetty</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#curses.savetty" title="本定義的永久連結">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>Save the current state of the terminal modes in a buffer, usable by
<a class="reference internal" href="#curses.resetty" title="curses.resetty"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">resetty()</span></code></a>.</p>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="function">
<dt id="curses.setsyx">
<code class="descclassname">curses.</code><code class="descname">setsyx</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>y</em>, <em>x</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#curses.setsyx" title="本定義的永久連結">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>Set the virtual screen cursor to <em>y</em>, <em>x</em>. If <em>y</em> and <em>x</em> are both <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">-1</span></code>, then
<a class="reference internal" href="#curses.window.leaveok" title="curses.window.leaveok"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">leaveok</span></code></a> is set <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">True</span></code>.</p>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="function">
<dt id="curses.setupterm">
<code class="descclassname">curses.</code><code class="descname">setupterm</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>term=None</em>, <em>fd=-1</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#curses.setupterm" title="本定義的永久連結">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>Initialize the terminal. <em>term</em> is a string giving
the terminal name, or <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">None</span></code>; if omitted or <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">None</span></code>, the value of the
<span class="target" id="index-1"></span><code class="xref std std-envvar docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">TERM</span></code> environment variable will be used. <em>fd</em> is the
file descriptor to which any initialization sequences will be sent; if not
supplied or <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">-1</span></code>, the file descriptor for <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">sys.stdout</span></code> will be used.</p>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="function">
<dt id="curses.start_color">
<code class="descclassname">curses.</code><code class="descname">start_color</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#curses.start_color" title="本定義的永久連結">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>Must be called if the programmer wants to use colors, and before any other color
manipulation routine is called. It is good practice to call this routine right
after <a class="reference internal" href="#curses.initscr" title="curses.initscr"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">initscr()</span></code></a>.</p>
<p><a class="reference internal" href="#curses.start_color" title="curses.start_color"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">start_color()</span></code></a> initializes eight basic colors (black, red, green, yellow,
blue, magenta, cyan, and white), and two global variables in the <a class="reference internal" href="#module-curses" title="curses: An interface to the curses library, providing portable terminal handling. (Unix)"><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">curses</span></code></a>
module, <code class="xref py py-const docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">COLORS</span></code> and <code class="xref py py-const docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">COLOR_PAIRS</span></code>, containing the maximum number
of colors and color-pairs the terminal can support. It also restores the colors
on the terminal to the values they had when the terminal was just turned on.</p>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="function">
<dt id="curses.termattrs">
<code class="descclassname">curses.</code><code class="descname">termattrs</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#curses.termattrs" title="本定義的永久連結">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>Return a logical OR of all video attributes supported by the terminal. This
information is useful when a curses program needs complete control over the
appearance of the screen.</p>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="function">
<dt id="curses.termname">
<code class="descclassname">curses.</code><code class="descname">termname</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#curses.termname" title="本定義的永久連結">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>Return the value of the environment variable <span class="target" id="index-2"></span><code class="xref std std-envvar docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">TERM</span></code>, as a bytes object,
truncated to 14 characters.</p>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="function">
<dt id="curses.tigetflag">
<code class="descclassname">curses.</code><code class="descname">tigetflag</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>capname</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#curses.tigetflag" title="本定義的永久連結">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>Return the value of the Boolean capability corresponding to the terminfo
capability name <em>capname</em> as an integer. Return the value <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">-1</span></code> if <em>capname</em> is not a
Boolean capability, or <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">0</span></code> if it is canceled or absent from the terminal
description.</p>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="function">
<dt id="curses.tigetnum">
<code class="descclassname">curses.</code><code class="descname">tigetnum</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>capname</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#curses.tigetnum" title="本定義的永久連結">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>Return the value of the numeric capability corresponding to the terminfo
capability name <em>capname</em> as an integer. Return the value <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">-2</span></code> if <em>capname</em> is not a
numeric capability, or <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">-1</span></code> if it is canceled or absent from the terminal
description.</p>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="function">
<dt id="curses.tigetstr">
<code class="descclassname">curses.</code><code class="descname">tigetstr</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>capname</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#curses.tigetstr" title="本定義的永久連結">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>Return the value of the string capability corresponding to the terminfo
capability name <em>capname</em> as a bytes object. Return <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">None</span></code> if <em>capname</em>
is not a terminfo 「string capability」, or is canceled or absent from the
terminal description.</p>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="function">
<dt id="curses.tparm">
<code class="descclassname">curses.</code><code class="descname">tparm</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>str</em><span class="optional">[</span>, <em>...</em><span class="optional">]</span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#curses.tparm" title="本定義的永久連結">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>Instantiate the bytes object <em>str</em> with the supplied parameters, where <em>str</em> should
be a parameterized string obtained from the terminfo database. E.g.
<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">tparm(tigetstr("cup"),</span> <span class="pre">5,</span> <span class="pre">3)</span></code> could result in <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">b'\033[6;4H'</span></code>, the exact
result depending on terminal type.</p>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="function">
<dt id="curses.typeahead">
<code class="descclassname">curses.</code><code class="descname">typeahead</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>fd</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#curses.typeahead" title="本定義的永久連結">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>Specify that the file descriptor <em>fd</em> be used for typeahead checking. If <em>fd</em>
is <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">-1</span></code>, then no typeahead checking is done.</p>
<p>The curses library does 「line-breakout optimization」 by looking for typeahead
periodically while updating the screen. If input is found, and it is coming
from a tty, the current update is postponed until refresh or doupdate is called
again, allowing faster response to commands typed in advance. This function
allows specifying a different file descriptor for typeahead checking.</p>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="function">
<dt id="curses.unctrl">
<code class="descclassname">curses.</code><code class="descname">unctrl</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>ch</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#curses.unctrl" title="本定義的永久連結">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>Return a bytes object which is a printable representation of the character <em>ch</em>.
Control characters are represented as a caret followed by the character, for
example as <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">b'^C'</span></code>. Printing characters are left as they are.</p>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="function">
<dt id="curses.ungetch">
<code class="descclassname">curses.</code><code class="descname">ungetch</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>ch</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#curses.ungetch" title="本定義的永久連結">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>Push <em>ch</em> so the next <a class="reference internal" href="#curses.window.getch" title="curses.window.getch"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">getch()</span></code></a> will return it.</p>
<div class="admonition note">
<p class="first admonition-title">備註</p>
<p class="last">Only one <em>ch</em> can be pushed before <code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">getch()</span></code> is called.</p>
</div>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="function">
<dt id="curses.update_lines_cols">
<code class="descclassname">curses.</code><code class="descname">update_lines_cols</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#curses.update_lines_cols" title="本定義的永久連結">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>Update <span class="target" id="index-3"></span><code class="xref std std-envvar docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">LINES</span></code> and <span class="target" id="index-4"></span><code class="xref std std-envvar docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">COLS</span></code>. Useful for detecting manual screen resize.</p>
<div class="versionadded">
<p><span class="versionmodified">3.5 版新加入.</span></p>
</div>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="function">
<dt id="curses.unget_wch">
<code class="descclassname">curses.</code><code class="descname">unget_wch</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>ch</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#curses.unget_wch" title="本定義的永久連結">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>Push <em>ch</em> so the next <a class="reference internal" href="#curses.window.get_wch" title="curses.window.get_wch"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">get_wch()</span></code></a> will return it.</p>
<div class="admonition note">
<p class="first admonition-title">備註</p>
<p class="last">Only one <em>ch</em> can be pushed before <code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">get_wch()</span></code> is called.</p>
</div>
<div class="versionadded">
<p><span class="versionmodified">3.3 版新加入.</span></p>
</div>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="function">
<dt id="curses.ungetmouse">
<code class="descclassname">curses.</code><code class="descname">ungetmouse</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>id</em>, <em>x</em>, <em>y</em>, <em>z</em>, <em>bstate</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#curses.ungetmouse" title="本定義的永久連結">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>Push a <code class="xref py py-const docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">KEY_MOUSE</span></code> event onto the input queue, associating the given
state data with it.</p>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="function">
<dt id="curses.use_env">
<code class="descclassname">curses.</code><code class="descname">use_env</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>flag</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#curses.use_env" title="本定義的永久連結">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>If used, this function should be called before <a class="reference internal" href="#curses.initscr" title="curses.initscr"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">initscr()</span></code></a> or newterm are
called. When <em>flag</em> is <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">False</span></code>, the values of lines and columns specified in the
terminfo database will be used, even if environment variables <span class="target" id="index-5"></span><code class="xref std std-envvar docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">LINES</span></code>
and <span class="target" id="index-6"></span><code class="xref std std-envvar docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">COLUMNS</span></code> (used by default) are set, or if curses is running in a
window (in which case default behavior would be to use the window size if
<span class="target" id="index-7"></span><code class="xref std std-envvar docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">LINES</span></code> and <span class="target" id="index-8"></span><code class="xref std std-envvar docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">COLUMNS</span></code> are not set).</p>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="function">
<dt id="curses.use_default_colors">
<code class="descclassname">curses.</code><code class="descname">use_default_colors</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#curses.use_default_colors" title="本定義的永久連結">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>Allow use of default values for colors on terminals supporting this feature. Use
this to support transparency in your application. The default color is assigned
to the color number <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">-1</span></code>. After calling this function, <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">init_pair(x,</span>
<span class="pre">curses.COLOR_RED,</span> <span class="pre">-1)</span></code> initializes, for instance, color pair <em>x</em> to a red
foreground color on the default background.</p>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="function">
<dt id="curses.wrapper">
<code class="descclassname">curses.</code><code class="descname">wrapper</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>func</em>, <em>...</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#curses.wrapper" title="本定義的永久連結">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>Initialize curses and call another callable object, <em>func</em>, which should be the
rest of your curses-using application. If the application raises an exception,
this function will restore the terminal to a sane state before re-raising the
exception and generating a traceback. The callable object <em>func</em> is then passed
the main window 『stdscr』 as its first argument, followed by any other arguments
passed to <code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">wrapper()</span></code>. Before calling <em>func</em>, <code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">wrapper()</span></code> turns on
cbreak mode, turns off echo, enables the terminal keypad, and initializes colors
if the terminal has color support. On exit (whether normally or by exception)
it restores cooked mode, turns on echo, and disables the terminal keypad.</p>
</dd></dl>
</div>
<div class="section" id="window-objects">
<span id="curses-window-objects"></span><h2>16.10.2. Window Objects<a class="headerlink" href="#window-objects" title="本標題的永久連結">¶</a></h2>
<p>Window objects, as returned by <a class="reference internal" href="#curses.initscr" title="curses.initscr"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">initscr()</span></code></a> and <a class="reference internal" href="#curses.newwin" title="curses.newwin"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">newwin()</span></code></a> above, have
the following methods and attributes:</p>
<dl class="method">
<dt id="curses.window.addch">
<code class="descclassname">window.</code><code class="descname">addch</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>ch</em><span class="optional">[</span>, <em>attr</em><span class="optional">]</span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#curses.window.addch" title="本定義的永久連結">¶</a></dt>
<dt>
<code class="descclassname">window.</code><code class="descname">addch</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>y</em>, <em>x</em>, <em>ch</em><span class="optional">[</span>, <em>attr</em><span class="optional">]</span><span class="sig-paren">)</span></dt>
<dd><p>Paint character <em>ch</em> at <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">(y,</span> <span class="pre">x)</span></code> with attributes <em>attr</em>, overwriting any
character previously painter at that location. By default, the character
position and attributes are the current settings for the window object.</p>
<div class="admonition note">
<p class="first admonition-title">備註</p>
<p class="last">Writing outside the window, subwindow, or pad raises a <a class="reference internal" href="#curses.error" title="curses.error"><code class="xref py py-exc docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">curses.error</span></code></a>.
Attempting to write to the lower right corner of a window, subwindow,
or pad will cause an exception to be raised after the character is printed.</p>
</div>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="method">
<dt id="curses.window.addnstr">
<code class="descclassname">window.</code><code class="descname">addnstr</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>str</em>, <em>n</em><span class="optional">[</span>, <em>attr</em><span class="optional">]</span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#curses.window.addnstr" title="本定義的永久連結">¶</a></dt>
<dt>
<code class="descclassname">window.</code><code class="descname">addnstr</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>y</em>, <em>x</em>, <em>str</em>, <em>n</em><span class="optional">[</span>, <em>attr</em><span class="optional">]</span><span class="sig-paren">)</span></dt>
<dd><p>Paint at most <em>n</em> characters of the character string <em>str</em> at
<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">(y,</span> <span class="pre">x)</span></code> with attributes
<em>attr</em>, overwriting anything previously on the display.</p>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="method">
<dt id="curses.window.addstr">
<code class="descclassname">window.</code><code class="descname">addstr</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>str</em><span class="optional">[</span>, <em>attr</em><span class="optional">]</span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#curses.window.addstr" title="本定義的永久連結">¶</a></dt>
<dt>
<code class="descclassname">window.</code><code class="descname">addstr</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>y</em>, <em>x</em>, <em>str</em><span class="optional">[</span>, <em>attr</em><span class="optional">]</span><span class="sig-paren">)</span></dt>
<dd><p>Paint the character string <em>str</em> at <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">(y,</span> <span class="pre">x)</span></code> with attributes
<em>attr</em>, overwriting anything previously on the display.</p>
<div class="admonition note">
<p class="first admonition-title">備註</p>
<p class="last">Writing outside the window, subwindow, or pad raises <a class="reference internal" href="#curses.error" title="curses.error"><code class="xref py py-exc docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">curses.error</span></code></a>.
Attempting to write to the lower right corner of a window, subwindow,
or pad will cause an exception to be raised after the string is printed.</p>
</div>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="method">
<dt id="curses.window.attroff">
<code class="descclassname">window.</code><code class="descname">attroff</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>attr</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#curses.window.attroff" title="本定義的永久連結">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>Remove attribute <em>attr</em> from the 「background」 set applied to all writes to the
current window.</p>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="method">
<dt id="curses.window.attron">
<code class="descclassname">window.</code><code class="descname">attron</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>attr</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#curses.window.attron" title="本定義的永久連結">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>Add attribute <em>attr</em> from the 「background」 set applied to all writes to the
current window.</p>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="method">
<dt id="curses.window.attrset">
<code class="descclassname">window.</code><code class="descname">attrset</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>attr</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#curses.window.attrset" title="本定義的永久連結">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>Set the 「background」 set of attributes to <em>attr</em>. This set is initially
<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">0</span></code> (no attributes).</p>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="method">
<dt id="curses.window.bkgd">
<code class="descclassname">window.</code><code class="descname">bkgd</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>ch</em><span class="optional">[</span>, <em>attr</em><span class="optional">]</span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#curses.window.bkgd" title="本定義的永久連結">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>Set the background property of the window to the character <em>ch</em>, with
attributes <em>attr</em>. The change is then applied to every character position in
that window:</p>
<ul class="simple">
<li>The attribute of every character in the window is changed to the new
background attribute.</li>
<li>Wherever the former background character appears, it is changed to the new
background character.</li>
</ul>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="method">
<dt id="curses.window.bkgdset">
<code class="descclassname">window.</code><code class="descname">bkgdset</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>ch</em><span class="optional">[</span>, <em>attr</em><span class="optional">]</span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#curses.window.bkgdset" title="本定義的永久連結">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>Set the window’s background. A window’s background consists of a character and
any combination of attributes. The attribute part of the background is combined
(OR’ed) with all non-blank characters that are written into the window. Both
the character and attribute parts of the background are combined with the blank
characters. The background becomes a property of the character and moves with
the character through any scrolling and insert/delete line/character operations.</p>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="method">
<dt id="curses.window.border">
<code class="descclassname">window.</code><code class="descname">border</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><span class="optional">[</span><em>ls</em><span class="optional">[</span>, <em>rs</em><span class="optional">[</span>, <em>ts</em><span class="optional">[</span>, <em>bs</em><span class="optional">[</span>, <em>tl</em><span class="optional">[</span>, <em>tr</em><span class="optional">[</span>, <em>bl</em><span class="optional">[</span>, <em>br</em><span class="optional">]</span><span class="optional">]</span><span class="optional">]</span><span class="optional">]</span><span class="optional">]</span><span class="optional">]</span><span class="optional">]</span><span class="optional">]</span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#curses.window.border" title="本定義的永久連結">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>Draw a border around the edges of the window. Each parameter specifies the
character to use for a specific part of the border; see the table below for more
details.</p>
<div class="admonition note">
<p class="first admonition-title">備註</p>
<p class="last">A <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">0</span></code> value for any parameter will cause the default character to be used for
that parameter. Keyword parameters can <em>not</em> be used. The defaults are listed
in this table:</p>
</div>
<table border="1" class="docutils">
<colgroup>
<col width="20%" />
<col width="38%" />
<col width="42%" />
</colgroup>
<thead valign="bottom">
<tr class="row-odd"><th class="head">Parameter</th>
<th class="head">描述</th>
<th class="head">Default value</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody valign="top">
<tr class="row-even"><td><em>ls</em></td>
<td>Left side</td>
<td><code class="xref py py-const docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">ACS_VLINE</span></code></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><em>rs</em></td>
<td>Right side</td>
<td><code class="xref py py-const docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">ACS_VLINE</span></code></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><em>ts</em></td>
<td>Top</td>
<td><code class="xref py py-const docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">ACS_HLINE</span></code></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><em>bs</em></td>
<td>Bottom</td>
<td><code class="xref py py-const docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">ACS_HLINE</span></code></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><em>tl</em></td>
<td>Upper-left corner</td>
<td><code class="xref py py-const docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">ACS_ULCORNER</span></code></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><em>tr</em></td>
<td>Upper-right corner</td>
<td><code class="xref py py-const docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">ACS_URCORNER</span></code></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-even"><td><em>bl</em></td>
<td>Bottom-left corner</td>
<td><code class="xref py py-const docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">ACS_LLCORNER</span></code></td>
</tr>
<tr class="row-odd"><td><em>br</em></td>
<td>Bottom-right corner</td>
<td><code class="xref py py-const docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">ACS_LRCORNER</span></code></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="method">
<dt id="curses.window.box">
<code class="descclassname">window.</code><code class="descname">box</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><span class="optional">[</span><em>vertch</em>, <em>horch</em><span class="optional">]</span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#curses.window.box" title="本定義的永久連結">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>Similar to <a class="reference internal" href="#curses.window.border" title="curses.window.border"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">border()</span></code></a>, but both <em>ls</em> and <em>rs</em> are <em>vertch</em> and both <em>ts</em> and
<em>bs</em> are <em>horch</em>. The default corner characters are always used by this function.</p>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="method">
<dt id="curses.window.chgat">
<code class="descclassname">window.</code><code class="descname">chgat</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>attr</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#curses.window.chgat" title="本定義的永久連結">¶</a></dt>
<dt>
<code class="descclassname">window.</code><code class="descname">chgat</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>num</em>, <em>attr</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span></dt>
<dt>
<code class="descclassname">window.</code><code class="descname">chgat</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>y</em>, <em>x</em>, <em>attr</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span></dt>
<dt>
<code class="descclassname">window.</code><code class="descname">chgat</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>y</em>, <em>x</em>, <em>num</em>, <em>attr</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span></dt>
<dd><p>Set the attributes of <em>num</em> characters at the current cursor position, or at
position <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">(y,</span> <span class="pre">x)</span></code> if supplied. If <em>num</em> is not given or is <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">-1</span></code>,
the attribute will be set on all the characters to the end of the line. This
function moves cursor to position <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">(y,</span> <span class="pre">x)</span></code> if supplied. The changed line
will be touched using the <a class="reference internal" href="#curses.window.touchline" title="curses.window.touchline"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">touchline()</span></code></a> method so that the contents will
be redisplayed by the next window refresh.</p>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="method">
<dt id="curses.window.clear">
<code class="descclassname">window.</code><code class="descname">clear</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#curses.window.clear" title="本定義的永久連結">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>Like <a class="reference internal" href="#curses.window.erase" title="curses.window.erase"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">erase()</span></code></a>, but also cause the whole window to be repainted upon next
call to <a class="reference internal" href="#curses.window.refresh" title="curses.window.refresh"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">refresh()</span></code></a>.</p>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="method">
<dt id="curses.window.clearok">
<code class="descclassname">window.</code><code class="descname">clearok</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>flag</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#curses.window.clearok" title="本定義的永久連結">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>If <em>flag</em> is <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">True</span></code>, the next call to <a class="reference internal" href="#curses.window.refresh" title="curses.window.refresh"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">refresh()</span></code></a> will clear the window
completely.</p>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="method">
<dt id="curses.window.clrtobot">