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<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN"

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<div id="unreleased-message"> You are reading an old version of the documentation (v2.1.2). For the latest version see <a href="https://matplotlib.org/stable/api/dates_api.html">https://matplotlib.org/stable/api/dates_api.html</a></div>

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<h3><a href="../contents.html">Table Of Contents</a></h3>

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<li><a class="reference internal" href="#">dates</a><ul>

<li><a class="reference internal" href="#module-matplotlib.dates"><code class="docutils literal">matplotlib.dates</code></a><ul>

<li><a class="reference internal" href="#matplotlib-date-format">Matplotlib date format</a></li>

<li><a class="reference internal" href="#date-tickers">Date tickers</a></li>

<li><a class="reference internal" href="#date-formatters">Date formatters</a></li>

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<h1>dates<a class="headerlink" href="#dates" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h1>

</map><div class="section" id="module-matplotlib.dates">

<h2><a class="reference internal" href="#module-matplotlib.dates" title="matplotlib.dates"><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal">matplotlib.dates</code></a><a class="headerlink" href="#module-matplotlib.dates" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>

Matplotlib provides sophisticated date plotting capabilities, standing on the

shoulders of python <a class="reference external" href="https://docs.python.org/3/library/datetime.html#module-datetime" title="(in Python v3.6)"><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal">datetime</code></a>, the add-on modules <code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal">pytz</code> and

<code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal">dateutil</code>.

<h3>Matplotlib date format<a class="headerlink" href="#matplotlib-date-format" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>

Matplotlib represents dates using floating point numbers specifying the number

of days since 0001-01-01 UTC, plus 1. For example, 0001-01-01, 06:00 is 1.25,

not 0.25. Values < 1, i.e. dates before 0001-01-01 UTC are not supported.

There are a number of helper functions to convert between <a class="reference external" href="https://docs.python.org/3/library/datetime.html#module-datetime" title="(in Python v3.6)"><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal">datetime</code></a>

objects and Matplotlib dates:

</colgroup>

<td>Convert datetime objects to Matplotlib dates.</td>

</tr>

<td>Convert Matplotlib dates to <a class="reference external" href="https://docs.python.org/3/library/datetime.html#datetime.datetime" title="(in Python v3.6)"><code class="xref py py-obj docutils literal">datetime</code></a> objects.</td>

</tr>

<tr class="row-odd"><td><a class="reference internal" href="#matplotlib.dates.num2timedelta" title="matplotlib.dates.num2timedelta"><code class="xref py py-obj docutils literal">num2timedelta</code></a></td>

<td>Convert number of days to a <a class="reference external" href="https://docs.python.org/3/library/datetime.html#datetime.timedelta" title="(in Python v3.6)"><code class="xref py py-obj docutils literal">timedelta</code></a> object.</td>

</tr>

<tr class="row-even"><td><a class="reference internal" href="#matplotlib.dates.epoch2num" title="matplotlib.dates.epoch2num"><code class="xref py py-obj docutils literal">epoch2num</code></a></td>

<td>Convert an epoch or sequence of epochs to the new date format, that is days since 0001.</td>

</tr>

<tr class="row-odd"><td><a class="reference internal" href="#matplotlib.dates.num2epoch" title="matplotlib.dates.num2epoch"><code class="xref py py-obj docutils literal">num2epoch</code></a></td>

<td>Convert days since 0001 to epoch.</td>

</tr>

<td>Convert mx <code class="xref py py-class docutils literal">datetime</code> instance (or sequence of mx instances) to the new date format.</td>

</tr>

<tr class="row-odd"><td><a class="reference internal" href="#matplotlib.dates.drange" title="matplotlib.dates.drange"><code class="xref py py-obj docutils literal">drange</code></a></td>

<td>Return a sequence of equally spaced Matplotlib dates.</td>

</tr>

</tbody>

</table>

Note

Like Python’s datetime, mpl uses the Gregorian calendar for all

conversions between dates and floating point numbers. This practice

is not universal, and calendar differences can cause confusing

differences between what Python and mpl give as the number of days

since 0001-01-01 and what other software and databases yield. For

example, the US Naval Observatory uses a calendar that switches

from Julian to Gregorian in October, 1582. Hence, using their

calculator, the number of days between 0001-01-01 and 2006-04-01 is

732403, whereas using the Gregorian calendar via the datetime

module we find:

<div class="last highlight-default"><div class="highlight"><pre>In [1]: date(2006, 4, 1).toordinal() - date(1, 1, 1).toordinal()

Out[1]: 732401

</pre></div>

</div>

All the Matplotlib date converters, tickers and formatters are timezone aware.

If no explicit timezone is provided, the rcParam <code class="docutils literal">timezone</code> is assumend. If

you want to use a custom time zone, pass a <code class="xref py py-class docutils literal">pytz.timezone</code> instance

with the tz keyword argument to <a class="reference internal" href="#matplotlib.dates.num2date" title="matplotlib.dates.num2date"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal">num2date()</code></a>, <a class="reference internal" href="_as_gen/matplotlib.pyplot.plot_date.html#matplotlib.pyplot.plot_date" title="matplotlib.pyplot.plot_date"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal">plot_date()</code></a>, and any

custom date tickers or locators you create.

See <a class="reference external" href="http://pythonhosted.org/pytz/">pytz</a> for information on <code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal">pytz</code> and

timezone handling.

A wide range of specific and general purpose date tick locators and

formatters are provided in this module. See

<a class="reference internal" href="ticker_api.html#module-matplotlib.ticker" title="matplotlib.ticker"><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal">matplotlib.ticker</code></a> for general information on tick locators

and formatters. These are described below.

The <a class="reference external" href="https://dateutil.readthedocs.io/en/stable/">dateutil module</a> provides

additional code to handle date ticking, making it easy to place ticks

on any kinds of dates. See examples below.

</div>

<h3>Date tickers<a class="headerlink" href="#date-tickers" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>

Most of the date tickers can locate single or multiple values. For

example:

<div class="highlight-default"><div class="highlight"><pre># import constants for the days of the week

from matplotlib.dates import MO, TU, WE, TH, FR, SA, SU

# tick on mondays every week

loc = WeekdayLocator(byweekday=MO, tz=tz)

# tick on mondays and saturdays

loc = WeekdayLocator(byweekday=(MO, SA))

</pre></div>

</div>

In addition, most of the constructors take an interval argument:

<div class="highlight-default"><div class="highlight"><pre># tick on mondays every second week

loc = WeekdayLocator(byweekday=MO, interval=2)

</pre></div>

</div>

The rrule locator allows completely general date ticking:

<div class="highlight-default"><div class="highlight"><pre># tick every 5th easter

rule = rrulewrapper(YEARLY, byeaster=1, interval=5)

loc = RRuleLocator(rule)

</pre></div>

</div>

Here are all the date tickers:

<li><a class="reference internal" href="#matplotlib.dates.MicrosecondLocator" title="matplotlib.dates.MicrosecondLocator"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal">MicrosecondLocator</code></a>: locate microseconds</li>

<li><a class="reference internal" href="#matplotlib.dates.SecondLocator" title="matplotlib.dates.SecondLocator"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal">SecondLocator</code></a>: locate seconds</li>

<li><a class="reference internal" href="#matplotlib.dates.MinuteLocator" title="matplotlib.dates.MinuteLocator"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal">MinuteLocator</code></a>: locate minutes</li>

<li><a class="reference internal" href="#matplotlib.dates.HourLocator" title="matplotlib.dates.HourLocator"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal">HourLocator</code></a>: locate hours</li>

<li><a class="reference internal" href="#matplotlib.dates.DayLocator" title="matplotlib.dates.DayLocator"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal">DayLocator</code></a>: locate specified days of the month</li>

<li><a class="reference internal" href="#matplotlib.dates.WeekdayLocator" title="matplotlib.dates.WeekdayLocator"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal">WeekdayLocator</code></a>: Locate days of the week, e.g., MO, TU</li>

<li><a class="reference internal" href="#matplotlib.dates.MonthLocator" title="matplotlib.dates.MonthLocator"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal">MonthLocator</code></a>: locate months, e.g., 7 for july</li>

<li><a class="reference internal" href="#matplotlib.dates.YearLocator" title="matplotlib.dates.YearLocator"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal">YearLocator</code></a>: locate years that are multiples of base</li>

<li><a class="reference internal" href="#matplotlib.dates.RRuleLocator" title="matplotlib.dates.RRuleLocator"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal">RRuleLocator</code></a>: locate using a

<code class="xref py py-class docutils literal">matplotlib.dates.rrulewrapper</code>. The

<code class="xref py py-class docutils literal">rrulewrapper</code> is a simple wrapper around a

<code class="xref py py-class docutils literal">dateutil.rrule</code> (<a class="reference external" href="https://dateutil.readthedocs.io/en/stable/">dateutil</a>) which allow almost

arbitrary date tick specifications. See <a class="reference external" href="../gallery/ticks_and_spines/date_demo_rrule.html">rrule example</a>.</li>

<li><a class="reference internal" href="#matplotlib.dates.AutoDateLocator" title="matplotlib.dates.AutoDateLocator"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal">AutoDateLocator</code></a>: On autoscale, this class picks the best

<code class="xref py py-class docutils literal">MultipleDateLocator</code> to set the view limits and the tick

locations.</li>

</ul>

</div></blockquote>

</div>

<h3>Date formatters<a class="headerlink" href="#date-formatters" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>

Here all all the date formatters:

<li><a class="reference internal" href="#matplotlib.dates.AutoDateFormatter" title="matplotlib.dates.AutoDateFormatter"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal">AutoDateFormatter</code></a>: attempts to figure out the best format

to use. This is most useful when used with the <a class="reference internal" href="#matplotlib.dates.AutoDateLocator" title="matplotlib.dates.AutoDateLocator"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal">AutoDateLocator</code></a>.</li>

<li><a class="reference internal" href="#matplotlib.dates.DateFormatter" title="matplotlib.dates.DateFormatter"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal">DateFormatter</code></a>: use <code class="xref py py-func docutils literal">strftime()</code> format strings</li>

<li><a class="reference internal" href="#matplotlib.dates.IndexDateFormatter" title="matplotlib.dates.IndexDateFormatter"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal">IndexDateFormatter</code></a>: date plots with implicit x

indexing.</li>

</ul>

</div></blockquote>

<code class="descclassname">matplotlib.dates.</code><code class="descname">date2num</code>(d)<a class="headerlink" href="#matplotlib.dates.date2num" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>

<dd>Convert datetime objects to Matplotlib dates.

<tr class="field-odd field"><th class="field-name">Parameters:</th><td class="field-body">d : <a class="reference external" href="https://docs.python.org/3/library/datetime.html#datetime.datetime" title="(in Python v3.6)"><code class="xref py py-obj docutils literal">datetime.datetime</code></a> or <code class="xref py py-obj docutils literal">numpy.datetime64</code> or sequences of these

</td>

</tr>

<tr class="field-even field"><th class="field-name">Returns:</th><td class="field-body">float or sequence of floats

<div>Number of days (fraction part represents hours, minutes, seconds)

since 0001-01-01 00:00:00 UTC, plus one.

</div></blockquote>

</td>

</tr>

</tbody>

</table>

Notes

The addition of one here is a historical artifact. Also, note that the

Gregorian calendar is assumed; this is not universal practice.

For details see the module docstring.

</dd></dl>

<code class="descclassname">matplotlib.dates.</code><code class="descname">num2date</code>(x, tz=None)<a class="headerlink" href="#matplotlib.dates.num2date" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>

<dd>Convert Matplotlib dates to <a class="reference external" href="https://docs.python.org/3/library/datetime.html#datetime.datetime" title="(in Python v3.6)"><code class="xref py py-obj docutils literal">datetime</code></a> objects.

<tr class="field-odd field"><th class="field-name">Parameters:</th><td class="field-body">x : float or sequence of floats

<div>Number of days (fraction part represents hours, minutes, seconds)

since 0001-01-01 00:00:00 UTC, plus one.

</div></blockquote>

tz : string, optional

<div>Timezone of x (defaults to rcparams <code class="docutils literal">timezone</code>).

</div></blockquote>

</td>

</tr>

<tr class="field-even field"><th class="field-name">Returns:</th><td class="field-body"><a class="reference external" href="https://docs.python.org/3/library/datetime.html#datetime.datetime" title="(in Python v3.6)"><code class="xref py py-obj docutils literal">datetime</code></a> or sequence of <a class="reference external" href="https://docs.python.org/3/library/datetime.html#datetime.datetime" title="(in Python v3.6)"><code class="xref py py-obj docutils literal">datetime</code></a>

<div>Dates are returned in timezone tz.

If x is a sequence, a sequence of <code class="xref py py-class docutils literal">datetime</code> objects will

be returned.

</div></blockquote>

</td>

</tr>

</tbody>

</table>

Notes

The addition of one here is a historical artifact. Also, note that the

Gregorian calendar is assumed; this is not universal practice.

For details, see the module docstring.

</dd></dl>

<code class="descclassname">matplotlib.dates.</code><code class="descname">num2timedelta</code>(x)<a class="headerlink" href="#matplotlib.dates.num2timedelta" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>

<dd>Convert number of days to a <a class="reference external" href="https://docs.python.org/3/library/datetime.html#datetime.timedelta" title="(in Python v3.6)"><code class="xref py py-obj docutils literal">timedelta</code></a> object.

If x is a sequence, a sequence of <a class="reference external" href="https://docs.python.org/3/library/datetime.html#datetime.timedelta" title="(in Python v3.6)"><code class="xref py py-obj docutils literal">timedelta</code></a> objects will

be returned.

<tr class="field-odd field"><th class="field-name">Parameters:</th><td class="field-body">x : float, sequence of floats

<div>Number of days. The fraction part represents hours, minutes, seconds.

</div></blockquote>

</td>

</tr>

<tr class="field-even field"><th class="field-name">Returns:</th><td class="field-body"><a class="reference external" href="https://docs.python.org/3/library/datetime.html#datetime.timedelta" title="(in Python v3.6)"><code class="xref py py-obj docutils literal">datetime.timedelta</code></a> or list[<a class="reference external" href="https://docs.python.org/3/library/datetime.html#datetime.timedelta" title="(in Python v3.6)"><code class="xref py py-obj docutils literal">datetime.timedelta</code></a>]

</td>

</tr>

</tbody>

</table>

</dd></dl>

<code class="descclassname">matplotlib.dates.</code><code class="descname">drange</code>(dstart, dend, delta)<a class="headerlink" href="#matplotlib.dates.drange" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>

<dd>Return a sequence of equally spaced Matplotlib dates.

The dates start at dstart and reach up to, but not including dend.

They are spaced by delta.

<tr class="field-odd field"><th class="field-name">Parameters:</th><td class="field-body">dstart, dend : <a class="reference external" href="https://docs.python.org/3/library/datetime.html#datetime.datetime" title="(in Python v3.6)"><code class="xref py py-obj docutils literal">datetime</code></a>

<div>The date limits.

</div></blockquote>

delta : <a class="reference external" href="https://docs.python.org/3/library/datetime.html#datetime.timedelta" title="(in Python v3.6)"><code class="xref py py-obj docutils literal">datetime.timedelta</code></a>

<div>Spacing of the dates.

</div></blockquote>

</td>

</tr>

<tr class="field-even field"><th class="field-name">Returns:</th><td class="field-body">drange : <a class="reference external" href="https://docs.scipy.org/doc/numpy/reference/generated/numpy.array.html#numpy.array" title="(in NumPy v1.14)"><code class="xref py py-obj docutils literal">numpy.array</code></a>

<div>A list floats representing Matplotlib dates.

</div></blockquote>

</td>

</tr>

</tbody>

</table>

</dd></dl>

<code class="descclassname">matplotlib.dates.</code><code class="descname">epoch2num</code>(e)<a class="headerlink" href="#matplotlib.dates.epoch2num" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>

<dd>Convert an epoch or sequence of epochs to the new date format,

that is days since 0001.

</dd></dl>

<code class="descclassname">matplotlib.dates.</code><code class="descname">num2epoch</code>(d)<a class="headerlink" href="#matplotlib.dates.num2epoch" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>

<dd>Convert days since 0001 to epoch. d can be a number or sequence.

</dd></dl>

<code class="descclassname">matplotlib.dates.</code><code class="descname">mx2num</code>(mxdates)<a class="headerlink" href="#matplotlib.dates.mx2num" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>

<dd>Convert mx <code class="xref py py-class docutils literal">datetime</code> instance (or sequence of mx

instances) to the new date format.

</dd></dl>

class <code class="descclassname">matplotlib.dates.</code><code class="descname">DateFormatter</code>(fmt, tz=None)<a class="headerlink" href="#matplotlib.dates.DateFormatter" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>

<dd>Bases: <a class="reference internal" href="ticker_api.html#matplotlib.ticker.Formatter" title="matplotlib.ticker.Formatter"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal">matplotlib.ticker.Formatter</code></a>

Tick location is seconds since the epoch. Use a <a class="reference internal" href="#matplotlib.dates.DateFormatter.strftime" title="matplotlib.dates.DateFormatter.strftime"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal">strftime()</code></a>

format string.

Python only supports <a class="reference external" href="https://docs.python.org/3/library/datetime.html#module-datetime" title="(in Python v3.6)"><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal">datetime</code></a> <a class="reference internal" href="#matplotlib.dates.DateFormatter.strftime" title="matplotlib.dates.DateFormatter.strftime"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal">strftime()</code></a> formatting

for years greater than 1900. Thanks to Andrew Dalke, Dalke

Scientific Software who contributed the <a class="reference internal" href="#matplotlib.dates.DateFormatter.strftime" title="matplotlib.dates.DateFormatter.strftime"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal">strftime()</code></a> code

below to include dates earlier than this year.

<dt>fmt is a <a class="reference internal" href="#matplotlib.dates.DateFormatter.strftime" title="matplotlib.dates.DateFormatter.strftime"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal">strftime()</code></a> format string; tz is the</dt>

<dd><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal">tzinfo</code> instance.</dd>

</dl>

<code class="descname">illegal_s</code> = re.compile('((^|[^%])(%%)*%s)')<a class="headerlink" href="#matplotlib.dates.DateFormatter.illegal_s" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>

<code class="descname">set_tzinfo</code>(tz)<a class="headerlink" href="#matplotlib.dates.DateFormatter.set_tzinfo" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>

<code class="descname">strftime</code>(dt, fmt=None)<a class="headerlink" href="#matplotlib.dates.DateFormatter.strftime" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>

<dd>Refer to documentation for datetime.strftime.

fmt is a <a class="reference internal" href="#matplotlib.dates.DateFormatter.strftime" title="matplotlib.dates.DateFormatter.strftime"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal">strftime()</code></a> format string.

Warning: For years before 1900, depending upon the current

locale it is possible that the year displayed with %x might

be incorrect. For years before 100, %y and %Y will yield

zero-padded strings.

</dd></dl>

<code class="descname">strftime_pre_1900</code>(dt, fmt=None)<a class="headerlink" href="#matplotlib.dates.DateFormatter.strftime_pre_1900" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>

<dd>Call time.strftime for years before 1900 by rolling

forward a multiple of 28 years.

Dalke: I hope I did this math right. Every 28 years the

calendar repeats, except through century leap years excepting

the 400 year leap years. But only if you’re using the Gregorian

calendar.

</dd></dl>

class <code class="descclassname">matplotlib.dates.</code><code class="descname">IndexDateFormatter</code>(t, fmt, tz=None)<a class="headerlink" href="#matplotlib.dates.IndexDateFormatter" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>

Use with <a class="reference internal" href="ticker_api.html#matplotlib.ticker.IndexLocator" title="matplotlib.ticker.IndexLocator"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal">IndexLocator</code></a> to cycle format

strings by index.

t is a sequence of dates (floating point days). fmt is a

<code class="xref py py-func docutils literal">strftime()</code> format string.

</dd></dl>

class <code class="descclassname">matplotlib.dates.</code><code class="descname">AutoDateFormatter</code>(locator, tz=None, defaultfmt='%Y-%m-%d')<a class="headerlink" href="#matplotlib.dates.AutoDateFormatter" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>

This class attempts to figure out the best format to use. This is

most useful when used with the <a class="reference internal" href="#matplotlib.dates.AutoDateLocator" title="matplotlib.dates.AutoDateLocator"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal">AutoDateLocator</code></a>.

The AutoDateFormatter has a scale dictionary that maps the scale

of the tick (the distance in days between one major tick) and a

format string. The default looks like this:

<div class="highlight-default"><div class="highlight"><pre>self.scaled = {

DAYS_PER_YEAR: rcParams['date.autoformat.year'],

DAYS_PER_MONTH: rcParams['date.autoformat.month'],

1.0: rcParams['date.autoformat.day'],

1. / HOURS_PER_DAY: rcParams['date.autoformat.hour'],

1. / (MINUTES_PER_DAY): rcParams['date.autoformat.minute'],

1. / (SEC_PER_DAY): rcParams['date.autoformat.second'],

1. / (MUSECONDS_PER_DAY): rcParams['date.autoformat.microsecond'],

}

</pre></div>

</div>

The algorithm picks the key in the dictionary that is >= the

current scale and uses that format string. You can customize this

dictionary by doing:

<div class="highlight-default"><div class="highlight"><pre>>>> locator = AutoDateLocator()

>>> formatter = AutoDateFormatter(locator)

>>> formatter.scaled[1/(24.*60.)] = '%M:%S' # only show min and sec

</pre></div>

</div>

A custom <a class="reference internal" href="ticker_api.html#matplotlib.ticker.FuncFormatter" title="matplotlib.ticker.FuncFormatter"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal">FuncFormatter</code></a> can also be used.

The following example shows how to use a custom format function to strip

trailing zeros from decimal seconds and adds the date to the first

ticklabel:

<div class="highlight-default"><div class="highlight"><pre>>>> def my_format_function(x, pos=None):

... x = matplotlib.dates.num2date(x)

... if pos == 0:

... fmt = '%D %H:%M:%S.%f'

... else:

... fmt = '%H:%M:%S.%f'

... label = x.strftime(fmt)

... label = label.rstrip("0")

... return label

>>> from matplotlib.ticker import FuncFormatter

>>> formatter.scaled[1/(24.*60.)] = FuncFormatter(my_format_function)

</pre></div>

</div>

Autoformat the date labels. The default format is the one to use

if none of the values in <code class="docutils literal">self.scaled</code> are greater than the unit

returned by <code class="docutils literal">locator._get_unit()</code>.

</dd></dl>

class <code class="descclassname">matplotlib.dates.</code><code class="descname">DateLocator</code>(tz=None)<a class="headerlink" href="#matplotlib.dates.DateLocator" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>

<dd>Bases: <a class="reference internal" href="ticker_api.html#matplotlib.ticker.Locator" title="matplotlib.ticker.Locator"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal">matplotlib.ticker.Locator</code></a>

Determines the tick locations when plotting dates.

This class is subclassed by other Locators and

is not meant to be used on its own.

tz is a <code class="xref py py-class docutils literal">tzinfo</code> instance.

<code class="descname">datalim_to_dt</code>()<a class="headerlink" href="#matplotlib.dates.DateLocator.datalim_to_dt" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>

<dd>Convert axis data interval to datetime objects.

</dd></dl>

<code class="descname">hms0d</code> = {'byhour': 0, 'byminute': 0, 'bysecond': 0}<a class="headerlink" href="#matplotlib.dates.DateLocator.hms0d" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>

<code class="descname">nonsingular</code>(vmin, vmax)<a class="headerlink" href="#matplotlib.dates.DateLocator.nonsingular" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>

<dd>Given the proposed upper and lower extent, adjust the range

if it is too close to being singular (i.e. a range of ~0).

</dd></dl>

<code class="descname">set_tzinfo</code>(tz)<a class="headerlink" href="#matplotlib.dates.DateLocator.set_tzinfo" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>

<dd>Set time zone info.

</dd></dl>

<code class="descname">viewlim_to_dt</code>()<a class="headerlink" href="#matplotlib.dates.DateLocator.viewlim_to_dt" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>

<dd>Converts the view interval to datetime objects.

</dd></dl>

class <code class="descclassname">matplotlib.dates.</code><code class="descname">RRuleLocator</code>(o, tz=None)<a class="headerlink" href="#matplotlib.dates.RRuleLocator" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>

<dd>Bases: <a class="reference internal" href="#matplotlib.dates.DateLocator" title="matplotlib.dates.DateLocator"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal">matplotlib.dates.DateLocator</code></a>

<code class="descname">autoscale</code>()<a class="headerlink" href="#matplotlib.dates.RRuleLocator.autoscale" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>

<dd>Set the view limits to include the data range.

</dd></dl>

static <code class="descname">get_unit_generic</code>(freq)<a class="headerlink" href="#matplotlib.dates.RRuleLocator.get_unit_generic" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>

<code class="descname">tick_values</code>(vmin, vmax)<a class="headerlink" href="#matplotlib.dates.RRuleLocator.tick_values" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>

</dd></dl>

class <code class="descclassname">matplotlib.dates.</code><code class="descname">AutoDateLocator</code>(tz=None, minticks=5, maxticks=None, interval_multiples=False)<a class="headerlink" href="#matplotlib.dates.AutoDateLocator" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>

On autoscale, this class picks the best

<a class="reference internal" href="#matplotlib.dates.DateLocator" title="matplotlib.dates.DateLocator"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal">DateLocator</code></a> to set the view limits and the tick

locations.

minticks is the minimum number of ticks desired, which is used to

select the type of ticking (yearly, monthly, etc.).

maxticks is the maximum number of ticks desired, which controls

any interval between ticks (ticking every other, every 3, etc.).

For really fine-grained control, this can be a dictionary mapping

individual rrule frequency constants (YEARLY, MONTHLY, etc.)

to their own maximum number of ticks. This can be used to keep

the number of ticks appropriate to the format chosen in

<a class="reference internal" href="#matplotlib.dates.AutoDateFormatter" title="matplotlib.dates.AutoDateFormatter"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal">AutoDateFormatter</code></a>. Any frequency not specified in this

dictionary is given a default value.

tz is a <code class="xref py py-class docutils literal">tzinfo</code> instance.

interval_multiples is a boolean that indicates whether ticks

should be chosen to be multiple of the interval. This will lock

ticks to ‘nicer’ locations. For example, this will force the

ticks to be at hours 0,6,12,18 when hourly ticking is done at

6 hour intervals.

The AutoDateLocator has an interval dictionary that maps the

frequency of the tick (a constant from dateutil.rrule) and a

multiple allowed for that ticking. The default looks like this:

<div class="highlight-default"><div class="highlight"><pre>self.intervald = {

YEARLY : [1, 2, 4, 5, 10, 20, 40, 50, 100, 200, 400, 500,

1000, 2000, 4000, 5000, 10000],

MONTHLY : [1, 2, 3, 4, 6],

DAILY : [1, 2, 3, 7, 14],

HOURLY : [1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 12],

MINUTELY: [1, 5, 10, 15, 30],

SECONDLY: [1, 5, 10, 15, 30],

MICROSECONDLY: [1, 2, 5, 10, 20, 50, 100, 200, 500, 1000, 2000,

5000, 10000, 20000, 50000, 100000, 200000, 500000,

1000000],

}

</pre></div>

</div>

The interval is used to specify multiples that are appropriate for

the frequency of ticking. For instance, every 7 days is sensible

for daily ticks, but for minutes/seconds, 15 or 30 make sense.

You can customize this dictionary by doing:

<div class="highlight-default"><div class="highlight"><pre>locator = AutoDateLocator()

locator.intervald[HOURLY] = [3] # only show every 3 hours

</pre></div>

</div>

<code class="descname">autoscale</code>()<a class="headerlink" href="#matplotlib.dates.AutoDateLocator.autoscale" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>

<dd>Try to choose the view limits intelligently.

</dd></dl>

<code class="descname">get_locator</code>(dmin, dmax)<a class="headerlink" href="#matplotlib.dates.AutoDateLocator.get_locator" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>

<dd>Pick the best locator based on a distance.

</dd></dl>

<code class="descname">nonsingular</code>(vmin, vmax)<a class="headerlink" href="#matplotlib.dates.AutoDateLocator.nonsingular" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>

<code class="descname">refresh</code>()<a class="headerlink" href="#matplotlib.dates.AutoDateLocator.refresh" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>

<dd>Refresh internal information based on current limits.

</dd></dl>

<code class="descname">tick_values</code>(vmin, vmax)<a class="headerlink" href="#matplotlib.dates.AutoDateLocator.tick_values" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>

</dd></dl>

class <code class="descclassname">matplotlib.dates.</code><code class="descname">YearLocator</code>(base=1, month=1, day=1, tz=None)<a class="headerlink" href="#matplotlib.dates.YearLocator" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>

Make ticks on a given day of each year that is a multiple of base.

Examples:

<div class="highlight-default"><div class="highlight"><pre># Tick every year on Jan 1st

locator = YearLocator()

# Tick every 5 years on July 4th

locator = YearLocator(5, month=7, day=4)

</pre></div>

</div>

Mark years that are multiple of base on a given month and day

(default jan 1).

<code class="descname">autoscale</code>()<a class="headerlink" href="#matplotlib.dates.YearLocator.autoscale" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>

<dd>Set the view limits to include the data range.

</dd></dl>

<code class="descname">tick_values</code>(vmin, vmax)<a class="headerlink" href="#matplotlib.dates.YearLocator.tick_values" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>

</dd></dl>

class <code class="descclassname">matplotlib.dates.</code><code class="descname">MonthLocator</code>(bymonth=None, bymonthday=1, interval=1, tz=None)<a class="headerlink" href="#matplotlib.dates.MonthLocator" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>

<dd>Bases: <a class="reference internal" href="#matplotlib.dates.RRuleLocator" title="matplotlib.dates.RRuleLocator"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal">matplotlib.dates.RRuleLocator</code></a>

Make ticks on occurances of each month month, e.g., 1, 3, 12.

Mark every month in bymonth; bymonth can be an int or

sequence. Default is <code class="docutils literal">range(1,13)</code>, i.e. every month.

interval is the interval between each iteration. For

example, if <code class="docutils literal">interval=2</code>, mark every second occurance.

</dd></dl>

class <code class="descclassname">matplotlib.dates.</code><code class="descname">WeekdayLocator</code>(byweekday=1, interval=1, tz=None)<a class="headerlink" href="#matplotlib.dates.WeekdayLocator" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>

Make ticks on occurances of each weekday.

Mark every weekday in byweekday; byweekday can be a number or

sequence.

Elements of byweekday must be one of MO, TU, WE, TH, FR, SA,

SU, the constants from <code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal">dateutil.rrule</code>, which have been

imported into the <a class="reference internal" href="#module-matplotlib.dates" title="matplotlib.dates"><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal">matplotlib.dates</code></a> namespace.

interval specifies the number of weeks to skip. For example,

<code class="docutils literal">interval=2</code> plots every second week.

</dd></dl>

class <code class="descclassname">matplotlib.dates.</code><code class="descname">DayLocator</code>(bymonthday=None, interval=1, tz=None)<a class="headerlink" href="#matplotlib.dates.DayLocator" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>

Make ticks on occurances of each day of the month. For example,

1, 15, 30.

Mark every day in bymonthday; bymonthday can be an int or

sequence.

Default is to tick every day of the month: <code class="docutils literal">bymonthday=range(1,32)</code>

</dd></dl>

class <code class="descclassname">matplotlib.dates.</code><code class="descname">HourLocator</code>(byhour=None, interval=1, tz=None)<a class="headerlink" href="#matplotlib.dates.HourLocator" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>

Make ticks on occurances of each hour.

Mark every hour in byhour; byhour can be an int or sequence.

Default is to tick every hour: <code class="docutils literal">byhour=range(24)</code>

interval is the interval between each iteration. For

example, if <code class="docutils literal">interval=2</code>, mark every second occurrence.

</dd></dl>

class <code class="descclassname">matplotlib.dates.</code><code class="descname">MinuteLocator</code>(byminute=None, interval=1, tz=None)<a class="headerlink" href="#matplotlib.dates.MinuteLocator" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>

Make ticks on occurances of each minute.

Mark every minute in byminute; byminute can be an int or

sequence. Default is to tick every minute: <code class="docutils literal">byminute=range(60)</code>

interval is the interval between each iteration. For

example, if <code class="docutils literal">interval=2</code>, mark every second occurrence.

</dd></dl>

class <code class="descclassname">matplotlib.dates.</code><code class="descname">SecondLocator</code>(bysecond=None, interval=1, tz=None)<a class="headerlink" href="#matplotlib.dates.SecondLocator" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>

Make ticks on occurances of each second.

Mark every second in bysecond; bysecond can be an int or

sequence. Default is to tick every second: <code class="docutils literal">bysecond = range(60)</code>

interval is the interval between each iteration. For

example, if <code class="docutils literal">interval=2</code>, mark every second occurrence.

</dd></dl>

class <code class="descclassname">matplotlib.dates.</code><code class="descname">MicrosecondLocator</code>(interval=1, tz=None)<a class="headerlink" href="#matplotlib.dates.MicrosecondLocator" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>

Make ticks on occurances of each microsecond.

interval is the interval between each iteration. For

example, if <code class="docutils literal">interval=2</code>, mark every second microsecond.

<code class="descname">set_data_interval</code>(vmin, vmax)<a class="headerlink" href="#matplotlib.dates.MicrosecondLocator.set_data_interval" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>

<code class="descname">set_view_interval</code>(vmin, vmax)<a class="headerlink" href="#matplotlib.dates.MicrosecondLocator.set_view_interval" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>

<code class="descname">tick_values</code>(vmin, vmax)<a class="headerlink" href="#matplotlib.dates.MicrosecondLocator.tick_values" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>

</dd></dl>

class <code class="descclassname">matplotlib.dates.</code><code class="descname">rrule</code>(freq, dtstart=None, interval=1, wkst=None, count=None, until=None, bysetpos=None, bymonth=None, bymonthday=None, byyearday=None, byeaster=None, byweekno=None, byweekday=None, byhour=None, byminute=None, bysecond=None, cache=False)<a class="headerlink" href="#matplotlib.dates.rrule" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>

<dd>Bases: <code class="xref py py-class docutils literal">dateutil.rrule.rrulebase</code>

That’s the base of the rrule operation. It accepts all the keywords

defined in the RFC as its constructor parameters (except byday,

which was renamed to byweekday) and more. The constructor prototype is:

<div class="highlight-default"><div class="highlight"><pre>rrule(freq)

</pre></div>

</div>

Where freq must be one of YEARLY, MONTHLY, WEEKLY, DAILY, HOURLY, MINUTELY,

or SECONDLY.

Note

Per RFC section 3.3.10, recurrence instances falling on invalid dates

and times are ignored rather than coerced:

<div>Recurrence rules may generate recurrence instances with an invalid

date (e.g., February 30) or nonexistent local time (e.g., 1:30 AM

on a day where the local time is moved forward by an hour at 1:00

AM). Such recurrence instances MUST be ignored and MUST NOT be

counted as part of the recurrence set.</div></blockquote>

This can lead to possibly surprising behavior when, for example, the

start date occurs at the end of the month:

<div class="last highlight-default"><div class="highlight"><pre>>>> from dateutil.rrule import rrule, MONTHLY

>>> from datetime import datetime

>>> start_date = datetime(2014, 12, 31)

>>> list(rrule(freq=MONTHLY, count=4, dtstart=start_date))

...

[datetime.datetime(2014, 12, 31, 0, 0),

datetime.datetime(2015, 1, 31, 0, 0),

datetime.datetime(2015, 3, 31, 0, 0),

datetime.datetime(2015, 5, 31, 0, 0)]

</pre></div>

</div>

Additionally, it supports the following keyword arguments:

<tr class="field-odd field"><th class="field-name">Parameters:</th><td class="field-body"><ul class="first last simple">

<li>cache – If given, it must be a boolean value specifying to enable or disable

caching of results. If you will use the same rrule instance multiple

times, enabling caching will improve the performance considerably.</li>

<li>dtstart – The recurrence start. Besides being the base for the recurrence,

missing parameters in the final recurrence instances will also be

extracted from this date. If not given, datetime.now() will be used

instead.</li>

<li>interval – The interval between each freq iteration. For example, when using

YEARLY, an interval of 2 means once every two years, but with HOURLY,

it means once every two hours. The default interval is 1.</li>

<li>wkst – The week start day. Must be one of the MO, TU, WE constants, or an

integer, specifying the first day of the week. This will affect

recurrences based on weekly periods. The default week start is got

from calendar.firstweekday(), and may be modified by

calendar.setfirstweekday().</li>

<li>count – How many occurrences will be generated.

Note

As of version 2.5.0, the use of the <code class="docutils literal">until</code> keyword together

with the <code class="docutils literal">count</code> keyword is deprecated per RFC-2445 Sec. 4.3.10.

</div>

</li>

<li>until – If given, this must be a datetime instance, that will specify the

limit of the recurrence. The last recurrence in the rule is the greatest

datetime that is less than or equal to the value specified in the

<code class="docutils literal">until</code> parameter.

Note

As of version 2.5.0, the use of the <code class="docutils literal">until</code> keyword together

with the <code class="docutils literal">count</code> keyword is deprecated per RFC-2445 Sec. 4.3.10.

</div>

</li>

<li>bysetpos – If given, it must be either an integer, or a sequence of integers,

positive or negative. Each given integer will specify an occurrence

number, corresponding to the nth occurrence of the rule inside the

frequency period. For example, a bysetpos of -1 if combined with a

MONTHLY frequency, and a byweekday of (MO, TU, WE, TH, FR), will

result in the last work day of every month.</li>

<li>bymonth – If given, it must be either an integer, or a sequence of integers,

meaning the months to apply the recurrence to.</li>

<li>bymonthday – If given, it must be either an integer, or a sequence of integers,

meaning the month days to apply the recurrence to.</li>

<li>byyearday – If given, it must be either an integer, or a sequence of integers,

meaning the year days to apply the recurrence to.</li>

<li>byweekno – If given, it must be either an integer, or a sequence of integers,

meaning the week numbers to apply the recurrence to. Week numbers

have the meaning described in ISO8601, that is, the first week of

the year is that containing at least four days of the new year.</li>

<li>byweekday – If given, it must be either an integer (0 == MO), a sequence of

integers, one of the weekday constants (MO, TU, etc), or a sequence

of these constants. When given, these variables will define the

weekdays where the recurrence will be applied. It’s also possible to

use an argument n for the weekday instances, which will mean the nth

occurrence of this weekday in the period. For example, with MONTHLY,

or with YEARLY and BYMONTH, using FR(+1) in byweekday will specify the

first friday of the month where the recurrence happens. Notice that in

the RFC documentation, this is specified as BYDAY, but was renamed to

avoid the ambiguity of that keyword.</li>

<li>byhour – If given, it must be either an integer, or a sequence of integers,

meaning the hours to apply the recurrence to.</li>

<li>byminute – If given, it must be either an integer, or a sequence of integers,

meaning the minutes to apply the recurrence to.</li>

<li>bysecond – If given, it must be either an integer, or a sequence of integers,

meaning the seconds to apply the recurrence to.</li>

<li>byeaster – If given, it must be either an integer, or a sequence of integers,

positive or negative. Each integer will define an offset from the

Easter Sunday. Passing the offset 0 to byeaster will yield the Easter

Sunday itself. This is an extension to the RFC specification.</li>

</ul>

</td>

</tr>

</tbody>

</table>

<code class="descname">replace</code>(**kwargs)<a class="headerlink" href="#matplotlib.dates.rrule.replace" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>

<dd>Return new rrule with same attributes except for those attributes given new

values by whichever keyword arguments are specified.

</dd></dl>

class <code class="descclassname">matplotlib.dates.</code><code class="descname">relativedelta</code>(dt1=None, dt2=None, years=0, months=0, days=0, leapdays=0, weeks=0, hours=0, minutes=0, seconds=0, microseconds=0, year=None, month=None, day=None, weekday=None, yearday=None, nlyearday=None, hour=None, minute=None, second=None, microsecond=None)<a class="headerlink" href="#matplotlib.dates.relativedelta" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>

<dd>Bases: <a class="reference external" href="https://docs.python.org/3/library/functions.html#object" title="(in Python v3.6)"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal">object</code></a>

The relativedelta type is based on the specification of the excellent

work done by M.-A. Lemburg in his

<a class="reference external" href="http://www.egenix.com/files/python/mxDateTime.html">mx.DateTime</a> extension.

However, notice that this type does NOT implement the same algorithm as

his work. Do NOT expect it to behave like mx.DateTime’s counterpart.

There are two different ways to build a relativedelta instance. The

first one is passing it two date/datetime classes:

<div class="highlight-default"><div class="highlight"><pre>relativedelta(datetime1, datetime2)

</pre></div>

</div>

The second one is passing it any number of the following keyword arguments:

<div class="highlight-default"><div class="highlight"><pre>relativedelta(arg1=x,arg2=y,arg3=z...)

year, month, day, hour, minute, second, microsecond:

Absolute information (argument is singular); adding or subtracting a

relativedelta with absolute information does not perform an aritmetic

operation, but rather REPLACES the corresponding value in the

original datetime with the value(s) in relativedelta.

years, months, weeks, days, hours, minutes, seconds, microseconds:

Relative information, may be negative (argument is plural); adding

or subtracting a relativedelta with relative information performs

the corresponding aritmetic operation on the original datetime value

with the information in the relativedelta.

weekday:

One of the weekday instances (MO, TU, etc). These instances may

receive a parameter N, specifying the Nth weekday, which could

be positive or negative (like MO(+1) or MO(-2). Not specifying

it is the same as specifying +1. You can also use an integer,

where 0=MO.

leapdays:

Will add given days to the date found, if year is a leap

year, and the date found is post 28 of february.

yearday, nlyearday:

Set the yearday or the non-leap year day (jump leap days).

These are converted to day/month/leapdays information.

</pre></div>

</div>

Here is the behavior of operations with relativedelta:

<li>Calculate the absolute year, using the ‘year’ argument, or the

original datetime year, if the argument is not present.</li>

<li>Add the relative ‘years’ argument to the absolute year.</li>

<li>Do steps 1 and 2 for month/months.</li>

<li>Calculate the absolute day, using the ‘day’ argument, or the

original datetime day, if the argument is not present. Then,

subtract from the day until it fits in the year and month

found after their operations.</li>

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