diff --git a/doc/api/next_api_changes/behavior/23550-OG.rst b/doc/api/next_api_changes/behavior/23550-OG.rst
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..6f7420e431ff
--- /dev/null
+++ b/doc/api/next_api_changes/behavior/23550-OG.rst
@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+Specified exception types in Grid
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+In a few cases an `Exception` was thrown when an incorrect argument value
+was set in the `mpl_toolkits.axes_grid1.axes_grid.Grid`
+(= `mpl_toolkits.axisartist.axes_grid.Grid`) constructor. These are replaced
+as follows:
+
+* Providing an incorrect value for *ngrids* now raises a `ValueError`
+* Providing an incorrect type for *rect* now raises a `TypeError`
diff --git a/lib/mpl_toolkits/axes_grid1/axes_divider.py b/lib/mpl_toolkits/axes_grid1/axes_divider.py
index bf4a4d35dcdd..251fa44b14bf 100644
--- a/lib/mpl_toolkits/axes_grid1/axes_divider.py
+++ b/lib/mpl_toolkits/axes_grid1/axes_divider.py
@@ -39,7 +39,8 @@ def __init__(self, fig, pos, horizontal, vertical,
         aspect : bool
             Whether overall rectangular area is reduced so that the relative
             part of the horizontal and vertical scales have the same scale.
-        anchor : {'C', 'SW', 'S', 'SE', 'E', 'NE', 'N', 'NW', 'W'}
+        anchor : (float, float) or {'C', 'SW', 'S', 'SE', 'E', 'NE', 'N', \
+'NW', 'W'}
             Placement of the reduced rectangle, when *aspect* is True.
         """
 
@@ -48,6 +49,7 @@ def __init__(self, fig, pos, horizontal, vertical,
         self._horizontal = horizontal
         self._vertical = vertical
         self._anchor = anchor
+        self.set_anchor(anchor)
         self._aspect = aspect
         self._xrefindex = 0
         self._yrefindex = 0
@@ -106,7 +108,8 @@ def set_anchor(self, anchor):
         """
         Parameters
         ----------
-        anchor : (float, float) or {'C', 'SW', 'S', 'SE', 'E', 'NE', ...}
+        anchor : (float, float) or {'C', 'SW', 'S', 'SE', 'E', 'NE', 'N', \
+'NW', 'W'}
             Either an (*x*, *y*) pair of relative coordinates (0 is left or
             bottom, 1 is right or top), 'C' (center), or a cardinal direction
             ('SW', southwest, is bottom left, etc.).
@@ -115,8 +118,10 @@ def set_anchor(self, anchor):
         --------
         .Axes.set_anchor
         """
-        if len(anchor) != 2:
+        if isinstance(anchor, str):
             _api.check_in_list(mtransforms.Bbox.coefs, anchor=anchor)
+        elif not isinstance(anchor, (tuple, list)) or len(anchor) != 2:
+            raise TypeError("anchor must be str or 2-tuple")
         self._anchor = anchor
 
     def get_anchor(self):
@@ -250,6 +255,8 @@ def new_locator(self, nx, ny, nx1=None, ny1=None):
             ny1 if ny1 is not None else ny + 1)
 
     def append_size(self, position, size):
+        _api.check_in_list(["left", "right", "bottom", "top"],
+                           position=position)
         if position == "left":
             self._horizontal.insert(0, size)
             self._xrefindex += 1
@@ -258,11 +265,8 @@ def append_size(self, position, size):
         elif position == "bottom":
             self._vertical.insert(0, size)
             self._yrefindex += 1
-        elif position == "top":
+        else:  # 'top'
             self._vertical.append(size)
-        else:
-            _api.check_in_list(["left", "right", "bottom", "top"],
-                               position=position)
 
     def add_auto_adjustable_area(self, use_axes, pad=0.1, adjust_dirs=None):
         """
@@ -512,21 +516,14 @@ def append_axes(self, position, size, pad=None, add_to_figure=True, *,
         **kwargs
             All extra keywords arguments are passed to the created axes.
         """
-        if position == "left":
-            ax = self.new_horizontal(
-                size, pad, pack_start=True, axes_class=axes_class, **kwargs)
-        elif position == "right":
-            ax = self.new_horizontal(
-                size, pad, pack_start=False, axes_class=axes_class, **kwargs)
-        elif position == "bottom":
-            ax = self.new_vertical(
-                size, pad, pack_start=True, axes_class=axes_class, **kwargs)
-        elif position == "top":
-            ax = self.new_vertical(
-                size, pad, pack_start=False, axes_class=axes_class, **kwargs)
-        else:
-            _api.check_in_list(["left", "right", "bottom", "top"],
-                               position=position)
+        create_axes, pack_start = _api.check_getitem({
+            "left": (self.new_horizontal, True),
+            "right": (self.new_horizontal, False),
+            "bottom": (self.new_vertical, True),
+            "top": (self.new_vertical, False),
+        }, position=position)
+        ax = create_axes(
+            size, pad, pack_start=pack_start, axes_class=axes_class, **kwargs)
         if add_to_figure:
             self._fig.add_axes(ax)
         return ax
diff --git a/lib/mpl_toolkits/axes_grid1/axes_grid.py b/lib/mpl_toolkits/axes_grid1/axes_grid.py
index 3198ab2b3bdf..ad97ec6a232b 100644
--- a/lib/mpl_toolkits/axes_grid1/axes_grid.py
+++ b/lib/mpl_toolkits/axes_grid1/axes_grid.py
@@ -123,7 +123,8 @@ def __init__(self, fig,
             ngrids = self._nrows * self._ncols
         else:
             if not 0 < ngrids <= self._nrows * self._ncols:
-                raise Exception("")
+                raise ValueError(
+                    "ngrids must be positive and not larger than nrows*ncols")
 
         self.ngrids = ngrids
 
@@ -147,7 +148,7 @@ def __init__(self, fig,
         elif len(rect) == 4:
             self._divider = Divider(fig, rect, **kw)
         else:
-            raise Exception("")
+            raise TypeError("Incorrect rect format")
 
         rect = self._divider.get_position()
 
@@ -270,6 +271,7 @@ def set_label_mode(self, mode):
             - "1": Only the bottom left axes is labelled.
             - "all": all axes are labelled.
         """
+        _api.check_in_list(["all", "L", "1"], mode=mode)
         if mode == "all":
             for ax in self.axes_all:
                 _tick_only(ax, False, False)
@@ -290,7 +292,7 @@ def set_label_mode(self, mode):
                 ax = col[-1]
                 _tick_only(ax, bottom_on=False, left_on=True)
 
-        elif mode == "1":
+        else:  # "1"
             for ax in self.axes_all:
                 _tick_only(ax, bottom_on=True, left_on=True)
 
@@ -378,6 +380,10 @@ def __init__(self, fig,
             to associated *cbar_axes*.
         axes_class : subclass of `matplotlib.axes.Axes`, default: None
         """
+        _api.check_in_list(["each", "single", "edge", None],
+                           cbar_mode=cbar_mode)
+        _api.check_in_list(["left", "right", "bottom", "top"],
+                           cbar_location=cbar_location)
         self._colorbar_mode = cbar_mode
         self._colorbar_location = cbar_location
         self._colorbar_pad = cbar_pad
diff --git a/lib/mpl_toolkits/mplot3d/axes3d.py b/lib/mpl_toolkits/mplot3d/axes3d.py
index 857fa72b9d57..05df0c16f220 100644
--- a/lib/mpl_toolkits/mplot3d/axes3d.py
+++ b/lib/mpl_toolkits/mplot3d/axes3d.py
@@ -813,7 +813,7 @@ def set_proj_type(self, proj_type, focal_length=None):
                 raise ValueError(f"focal_length = {focal_length} must be "
                                  "greater than 0")
             self._focal_length = focal_length
-        elif proj_type == 'ortho':
+        else:  # 'ortho':
             if focal_length not in (None, np.inf):
                 raise ValueError(f"focal_length = {focal_length} must be "
                                  f"None for proj_type = {proj_type}")
diff --git a/lib/mpl_toolkits/tests/test_axes_grid1.py b/lib/mpl_toolkits/tests/test_axes_grid1.py
index 24b492ea4e51..09779df91a7e 100644
--- a/lib/mpl_toolkits/tests/test_axes_grid1.py
+++ b/lib/mpl_toolkits/tests/test_axes_grid1.py
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@
 from mpl_toolkits.axes_grid1.anchored_artists import (
     AnchoredSizeBar, AnchoredDirectionArrows)
 from mpl_toolkits.axes_grid1.axes_divider import (
-    HBoxDivider, make_axes_area_auto_adjustable)
+    Divider, HBoxDivider, make_axes_area_auto_adjustable)
 from mpl_toolkits.axes_grid1.axes_rgb import RGBAxes
 from mpl_toolkits.axes_grid1.inset_locator import (
     zoomed_inset_axes, mark_inset, inset_axes, BboxConnectorPatch)
@@ -376,10 +376,9 @@ def test_image_grid():
 
     fig = plt.figure(1, (4, 4))
     grid = ImageGrid(fig, 111, nrows_ncols=(2, 2), axes_pad=0.1)
-
+    assert grid.get_axes_pad() == (0.1, 0.1)
     for i in range(4):
         grid[i].imshow(im, interpolation='nearest')
-        grid[i].set_title('test {0}{0}'.format(i))
 
 
 def test_gettightbbox():
@@ -492,6 +491,7 @@ def test_grid_axes_lists():
     assert_array_equal(grid, grid.axes_all)
     assert_array_equal(grid.axes_row, np.transpose(grid.axes_column))
     assert_array_equal(grid, np.ravel(grid.axes_row), "row")
+    assert grid.get_geometry() == (2, 3)
     grid = Grid(fig, 111, (2, 3), direction="column")
     assert_array_equal(grid, np.ravel(grid.axes_column), "column")
 
@@ -507,6 +507,29 @@ def test_grid_axes_position(direction):
     assert loc[3]._nx == loc[1]._nx and loc[3]._ny == loc[2]._ny
 
 
+@pytest.mark.parametrize('rect, ngrids, error, message', (
+    ((1, 1), None, TypeError, "Incorrect rect format"),
+    (111, -1, ValueError, "ngrids must be positive"),
+    (111, 7, ValueError, "ngrids must be positive"),
+))
+def test_grid_errors(rect, ngrids, error, message):
+    fig = plt.figure()
+    with pytest.raises(error, match=message):
+        Grid(fig, rect, (2, 3), ngrids=ngrids)
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize('anchor, error, message', (
+    (None, TypeError, "anchor must be str"),
+    ("CC", ValueError, "'CC' is not a valid value for anchor"),
+    ((1, 1, 1), TypeError, "anchor must be str"),
+))
+def test_divider_errors(anchor, error, message):
+    fig = plt.figure()
+    with pytest.raises(error, match=message):
+        Divider(fig, [0, 0, 1, 1], [Size.Fixed(1)], [Size.Fixed(1)],
+                anchor=anchor)
+
+
 @check_figures_equal(extensions=["png"])
 def test_mark_inset_unstales_viewlim(fig_test, fig_ref):
     inset, full = fig_test.subplots(1, 2)