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<header data-kunai-mdinfo="{&#34;meta&#34;: {&#34;cpp&#34;: [&#34;cpp17&#34;]}, &#34;sources&#34;: [{&#34;id&#34;: &#34;7f29793c27039d139bc6c2e85f5d11f821fdb69e&#34;, &#34;source&#34;: &#34;//inline_variable.hpp\n#include &lt;iostream&gt;\n\nnamespace N {\n\n  // \u5916\u90e8\u30ea\u30f3\u30b1\u30fc\u30b8 &amp; \u975e\u30a4\u30f3\u30e9\u30a4\u30f3\n  // \u2192ODR\u9055\u53cd\u306b\u3088\u308a\u4e0d\u9069\u683c\n  /*\n  int var = 0;\n  int func() {\n    return 0;\n  }\n  */\n\n  // \u5916\u90e8\u30ea\u30f3\u30b1\u30fc\u30b8 &amp; \u30a4\u30f3\u30e9\u30a4\u30f3(inline\u6307\u5b9a)\n  // \u2192\u5168\u7ffb\u8a33\u5358\u4f4d\u3067\u30a2\u30c9\u30ec\u30b9\u306f\u540c\u4e00\n  inline int inline_var = 10;\n  inline int inline_func() {\n    return 20;\n  }\n\n  // \u5185\u90e8\u30ea\u30f3\u30b1\u30fc\u30b8(static\u6307\u5b9a) &amp; \u975e\u30a4\u30f3\u30e9\u30a4\u30f3\n  // \u2192\u7ffb\u8a33\u5358\u4f4d\u6bce\u306b\u7570\u306a\u308b\u30a2\u30c9\u30ec\u30b9\n  static int static_var = 30;\n  static int static_func() {\n    return 40;\n  }\n\n  // \u5185\u90e8\u30ea\u30f3\u30b1\u30fc\u30b8(static\u6307\u5b9a) &amp; \u30a4\u30f3\u30e9\u30a4\u30f3(inline\u6307\u5b9a)\n  // \u2192\u5916\u90e8\u30ea\u30f3\u30b1\u30fc\u30b8\u3067\u306f\u306a\u3044\u306e\u3067\u30a4\u30f3\u30e9\u30a4\u30f3\u6307\u5b9a\u306f\u30a2\u30c9\u30ec\u30b9\u306b\u5f71\u97ff\u3057\u306a\u3044\u3002\n  //   static \u306e\u307f\u6307\u5b9a\u3057\u305f\u3068\u304d\u3068\u540c\u69d8\u306b\u3001\u7ffb\u8a33\u5358\u4f4d\u6bce\u306b\u7570\u306a\u308b\u30a2\u30c9\u30ec\u30b9\u306b\u306a\u308b\u3002\n  static inline int static_inline_var = 50;\n  static inline int static_inline_func() {\n    return 60;\n  }\n\n  // \u5916\u90e8\u30ea\u30f3\u30b1\u30fc\u30b8 &amp; \u975e\u30a4\u30f3\u30e9\u30a4\u30f3(constexpr\u5909\u6570\u306f\u6697\u9ed9\u306binline\u306b\u306f\u306a\u3089\u306a\u3044)\n  constexpr int constexpr_var = 70;\n  // \u5916\u90e8\u30ea\u30f3\u30b1\u30fc\u30b8 &amp; \u30a4\u30f3\u30e9\u30a4\u30f3(constexpr\u95a2\u6570\u306f\u6697\u9ed9\u306binline\u3068\u306a\u308b)\n  constexpr int constexpr_func() {\n    return 80;\n  }\n}\n\nstruct A {\n  // inline\u6307\u5b9a(\u5168\u7ffb\u8a33\u5358\u4f4d\u3067\u30a2\u30c9\u30ec\u30b9\u306f\u540c\u4e00)\n  static inline int inline_var = 100;\n  static inline int inline_func() {\n    return 200;\n  }\n\n  // static\u30e1\u30f3\u30d0\u5909\u6570\u304b\u3064constexpr\u306a\u306e\u3067\n  // \u6697\u9ed9\u306e\u3046\u3061\u306binline\u304c\u6307\u5b9a\u3055\u308c\u308b\n  static constexpr int constexpr_var = 300;\n  // \u95a2\u6570\u304b\u3064constexpr\u306a\u306e\u3067\n  // \u6697\u9ed9\u306e\u3046\u3061\u306binline\u304c\u6307\u5b9a\u3055\u308c\u308b\n  static constexpr int constexpr_func() {\n    return 400;\n  }\n};\n\nvoid func();\n\n\n//inline_variable1.cpp\n\n#include &lt;iostream&gt;\n#include \&#34;inline_variable.hpp\&#34;\n\nint main()\n{\n  std::cout &lt;&lt; __func__ &lt;&lt; std::endl\n    &lt;&lt; \&#34;  N::inline_var        :\&#34; &lt;&lt; &amp;N::inline_var &lt;&lt; std::endl\n    &lt;&lt; \&#34;  N::inline_func       :\&#34; &lt;&lt; reinterpret_cast&lt;void *&gt;(N::inline_func) &lt;&lt; std::endl\n    &lt;&lt; \&#34;  N::static_var        :\&#34; &lt;&lt; &amp;N::static_var &lt;&lt; std::endl\n    &lt;&lt; \&#34;  N::static_func       :\&#34; &lt;&lt; reinterpret_cast&lt;void *&gt;(N::static_func) &lt;&lt; std::endl\n    &lt;&lt; \&#34;  N::static_inline_var :\&#34; &lt;&lt; &amp;N::static_inline_var &lt;&lt; std::endl\n    &lt;&lt; \&#34;  N::static_inline_func:\&#34; &lt;&lt; reinterpret_cast&lt;void *&gt;(N::static_inline_func) &lt;&lt; std::endl\n    &lt;&lt; \&#34;  N::constexpr_var     :\&#34; &lt;&lt; &amp;N::constexpr_var &lt;&lt; std::endl\n    &lt;&lt; \&#34;  N::constexpr_func    :\&#34; &lt;&lt; reinterpret_cast&lt;void *&gt;(N::constexpr_func) &lt;&lt; std::endl\n    &lt;&lt; std::endl\n    &lt;&lt; \&#34;  A::inline_var        :\&#34; &lt;&lt; &amp;A::inline_var &lt;&lt; std::endl\n    &lt;&lt; \&#34;  A::inline_func       :\&#34; &lt;&lt; reinterpret_cast&lt;void *&gt;(A::inline_func) &lt;&lt; std::endl\n    &lt;&lt; \&#34;  A::constexpr_var     :\&#34; &lt;&lt; &amp;A::constexpr_var &lt;&lt; std::endl\n    &lt;&lt; \&#34;  A::constexpr_func    :\&#34; &lt;&lt; reinterpret_cast&lt;void *&gt;(A::constexpr_func) &lt;&lt; std::endl\n    &lt;&lt; std::endl;\n\n  func();\n\n  return 0;\n}\n\n\n//inline_variable2.cpp\n\n#include &lt;iostream&gt;\n#include \&#34;inline_variable.hpp\&#34;\n\nvoid func()\n{\n  std::cout &lt;&lt; __func__ &lt;&lt; std::endl\n    &lt;&lt; \&#34;  N::inline_var        :\&#34; &lt;&lt; &amp;N::inline_var &lt;&lt; std::endl\n    &lt;&lt; \&#34;  N::inline_func       :\&#34; &lt;&lt; reinterpret_cast&lt;void *&gt;(N::inline_func) &lt;&lt; std::endl\n    &lt;&lt; \&#34;  N::static_var        :\&#34; &lt;&lt; &amp;N::static_var &lt;&lt; std::endl\n    &lt;&lt; \&#34;  N::static_func       :\&#34; &lt;&lt; reinterpret_cast&lt;void *&gt;(N::static_func) &lt;&lt; std::endl\n    &lt;&lt; \&#34;  N::static_inline_var :\&#34; &lt;&lt; &amp;N::static_inline_var &lt;&lt; std::endl\n    &lt;&lt; \&#34;  N::static_inline_func:\&#34; &lt;&lt; reinterpret_cast&lt;void *&gt;(N::static_inline_func) &lt;&lt; std::endl\n    &lt;&lt; \&#34;  N::constexpr_var     :\&#34; &lt;&lt; &amp;N::constexpr_var &lt;&lt; std::endl\n    &lt;&lt; \&#34;  N::constexpr_func    :\&#34; &lt;&lt; reinterpret_cast&lt;void *&gt;(N::constexpr_func) &lt;&lt; std::endl\n    &lt;&lt; std::endl\n    &lt;&lt; \&#34;  A::inline_var        :\&#34; &lt;&lt; &amp;A::inline_var &lt;&lt; std::endl\n    &lt;&lt; \&#34;  A::inline_func       :\&#34; &lt;&lt; reinterpret_cast&lt;void *&gt;(A::inline_func) &lt;&lt; std::endl\n    &lt;&lt; \&#34;  A::constexpr_var     :\&#34; &lt;&lt; &amp;A::constexpr_var &lt;&lt; std::endl\n    &lt;&lt; \&#34;  A::constexpr_func    :\&#34; &lt;&lt; reinterpret_cast&lt;void *&gt;(A::constexpr_func) &lt;&lt; std::endl\n    &lt;&lt; std::endl;\n}\n&#34;}], &#34;page_id&#34;: [&#34;lang&#34;, &#34;cpp17&#34;, &#34;inline_variables&#34;]}">
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  <h1 itemprop="name"><span class="token">インライン変数 [P0386R2]</span><span class="cpp cpp17" title="C++17で追加">(C++17)</span></h1>
<div itemprop="articleBody"><p></p>
<p>このページはC++17に採用された言語機能の変更を解説しています。</p>
<p>のちのC++規格でさらに変更される場合があるため<a href="#relative-page">関連項目</a>を参照してください。</p>
<h2>概要</h2>
<p>外部リンケージを持つ変数に対しインライン<code>inline</code>を指定することで、複数の翻訳単位で同じ変数を定義できるようになり、変数の実体はただ一つとすることができる。</p>
<p>C++14までは関数のみインライン指定ができたが、C++17では関数、変数ともにインライン指定が可能になった。</p>
<p>これによりヘッダのみで変数の定義を行うことができるようになり、従来のようにヘッダで変数を宣言しソースで変数の実体を定義する必要がなくなった。</p>
<p><div class="codehilite"><pre><span></span><code><span class="c1">// C++17以降 -----</span>
<span class="c1">// ヘッダ</span>
<span class="k">struct</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">X</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// ソースで変数fooを定義する必要がない</span>
<span class="w">  </span><span class="k">static</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kr">inline</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">foo</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="p">};</span>
<span class="c1">// C++14以前 -----</span>
<span class="c1">// ヘッダ</span>
<span class="k">struct</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">X</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// ヘッダでは変数の宣言のみを行い</span>
<span class="w">  </span><span class="k">static</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">foo</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="p">};</span>
<span class="c1">// ソース</span>
<span class="c1">// 変数fooを定義する</span>
<span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">X</span><span class="o">::</span><span class="n">foo</span><span class="p">;</span>
</code></pre></div>
<h2>仕様</h2>
<p><code>inline</code>は関数または変数の宣言、定義に対して指定できる。外部リンケージを持つ関数、変数がどこか一つの翻訳単位で<code>inline</code>指定された場合、同名の変数が宣言されている全ての翻訳単位で<code>inline</code>指定を行う必要がある。<code>inline</code>指定された関数、変数は全ての翻訳単位で同じアドレスに配置される。</p>
<p>変数定義のあとに後付けで初めての<code>inline</code>指定を行うのは<a class="cpprefjp-defined-word" data-desc="プログラムが適格でないこと。コンパイルエラーなどになる" href="../../implementation-compliance.html#dfn-ill-formed">不適格</a>である。</p>
<p><div class="codehilite"><pre><span></span><code><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">100</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="c1">// 不適格につきコンパイルエラー</span>
<span class="k">extern</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kr">inline</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">a</span><span class="p">;</span>
</code></pre></div>
<p><code>inline</code>指定した同名の変数は全て同じ定義にすべきである。翻訳単位によって異なる型、初期値で変数を定義すると、プログラムは正常に動作しない可能性がある (<a class="cpprefjp-defined-word" data-desc="プログラムが適格でないこと。コンパイルエラーなどになる" href="../../implementation-compliance.html#dfn-ill-formed">不適格</a>(<a class="cpprefjp-defined-word" data-desc="問題が発生したときに、現在実行位置を過去に通過・記録した位置に戻し、文脈情報を添えて紐づけられた処理(例外ハンドラー)を呼び出す仕組み。またはその事態">例外</a>付き<a class="cpprefjp-defined-word" data-desc="処理系は規則違反に対してエラーメッセージや警告を出さないかもしれない" href="../../implementation-compliance.html#dfn-no-diagnostic-required">診断不要</a>))。</p>
<p>異なる型を指定した場合の例：</p>
<p><div class="codehilite"><pre><span></span><code><span class="c1">// b.cpp</span>
<span class="c1">// 無名クラスのオブジェクトはそれぞれ異なる型となる</span>
<span class="kr">inline</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">struct</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">x</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">y</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="c1">// a.cpp</span>
<span class="c1">// 不適格 (診断不要)</span>
<span class="c1">// コンパイルエラーにならないかもしれないが、正常に動作しない可能性がある</span>
<span class="c1">// (実装によっては、それぞれ異なる実体のオブジェクトとなる場合がある)</span>
<span class="kr">inline</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">struct</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">x</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">y</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">main</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{}</span>
</code></pre></div>
<p>異なる初期値を指定した場合の例：</p>
<p><div class="codehilite"><pre><span></span><code><span class="c1">// b.cpp</span>
<span class="kr">inline</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">hoge</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">10</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="c1">// a.cpp</span>
<span class="kr">inline</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">hoge</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">100</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">main</span><span class="p">()</span>
<span class="p">{</span>
<span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 不適格(診断不要)</span>
<span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// コンパイルエラーにならないかもしれないが、正常に動作しない可能性がある</span>
<span class="w">  </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">hoge</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="p">}</span>
</code></pre></div>
<p><code>constexpr</code>を指定した関数または静的メンバ変数は、暗黙のうちに<code>inline</code>を指定したことになる。逆に言えばグローバルな<code>constexpr</code>変数の場合だけ、明示的に<code>inline</code>指定する必要がある。</p>
<p><code>inline</code>の文法上の変化としては、C++14では<code>function-specifier</code>つまり関数専用のキーワードに属していたが、C++17では関数、変数どちらにも指定できる<code>decl-specifier</code>に移動している。</p>
<p><pre><code>//関数の場合
function-definition:
  attribute-specifier-seq opt decl-specifier-seq opt declarator virt-specifier-seq opt function-body
simple-declaration:
  decl-specifier-seq opt init-declarator-list opt ;
  attribute-specifier-seq decl-specifier-seq opt init-declarator-list ;
member-declaration:
  attribute-specifier-seq opt decl-specifier-seq opt member-declarator-list opt ;
decl-specifier:
  storage-class-specifier
  type-specifier
  function-specifier
  constexpr
  inline  //C++17で追加
function-specifier:
  inline  //C++17で削除
</code></pre></p>
<p><div class="yata" id="7f29793c27039d139bc6c2e85f5d11f821fdb69e"><div class="codehilite"><pre><span></span><code><span class="c1">//inline_variable.hpp</span>
<span class="cp">#include <a href="../../reference/iostream.html">&lt;iostream&gt;</a></span>
<span class="k">namespace</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nn">N</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 外部リンケージ &amp; 非インライン</span>
<span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// →ODR違反により不適格</span>
<span class="w">  </span><span class="cm">/*</span>
<span class="cm">  int var = 0;</span>
<span class="cm">  int func() {</span>
<span class="cm">    return 0;</span>
<span class="cm">  }</span>
<span class="cm">  */</span>
<span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 外部リンケージ &amp; インライン(inline指定)</span>
<span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// →全翻訳単位でアドレスは同一</span>
<span class="w">  </span><span class="kr">inline</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">inline_var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">10</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="w">  </span><span class="kr">inline</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">inline_func</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">20</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span>
<span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 内部リンケージ(static指定) &amp; 非インライン</span>
<span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// →翻訳単位毎に異なるアドレス</span>
<span class="w">  </span><span class="k">static</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">static_var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">30</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="w">  </span><span class="k">static</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">static_func</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">40</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span>
<span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 内部リンケージ(static指定) &amp; インライン(inline指定)</span>
<span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// →外部リンケージではないのでインライン指定はアドレスに影響しない。</span>
<span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">//   static のみ指定したときと同様に、翻訳単位毎に異なるアドレスになる。</span>
<span class="w">  </span><span class="k">static</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kr">inline</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">static_inline_var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">50</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="w">  </span><span class="k">static</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kr">inline</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">static_inline_func</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">60</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span>
<span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 外部リンケージ &amp; 非インライン(constexpr変数は暗黙にinlineにはならない)</span>
<span class="w">  </span><span class="k">constexpr</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">constexpr_var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">70</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 外部リンケージ &amp; インライン(constexpr関数は暗黙にinlineとなる)</span>
<span class="w">  </span><span class="k">constexpr</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">constexpr_func</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">80</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span>
<span class="p">}</span>
<span class="k">struct</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">A</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// inline指定(全翻訳単位でアドレスは同一)</span>
<span class="w">  </span><span class="k">static</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kr">inline</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">inline_var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">100</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="w">  </span><span class="k">static</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kr">inline</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">inline_func</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">200</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span>
<span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// staticメンバ変数かつconstexprなので</span>
<span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 暗黙のうちにinlineが指定される</span>
<span class="w">  </span><span class="k">static</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">constexpr</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">constexpr_var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">300</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 関数かつconstexprなので</span>
<span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// 暗黙のうちにinlineが指定される</span>
<span class="w">  </span><span class="k">static</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">constexpr</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">constexpr_func</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
<span class="w">    </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">400</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span>
<span class="p">};</span>
<span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">func</span><span class="p">();</span>
<span class="c1">//inline_variable1.cpp</span>
<span class="cp">#include <a href="../../reference/iostream.html">&lt;iostream&gt;</a></span>
<span class="cp">#include</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="cpf">"inline_variable.hpp"</span>
<span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">main</span><span class="p">()</span>
<span class="p">{</span>
<span class="w">  </span><span class="n"><a href="../../reference/iostream/cout.html">std::cout</a></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">__func__</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n"><a href="../../reference/ostream/endl.html">std::endl</a></span>
<span class="w">    </span><span class="o">&lt;&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">"  N::inline_var        :"</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">N</span><span class="o">::</span><span class="n">inline_var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n"><a href="../../reference/ostream/endl.html">std::endl</a></span>
<span class="w">    </span><span class="o">&lt;&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">"  N::inline_func       :"</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">reinterpret_cast</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*&gt;</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">N</span><span class="o">::</span><span class="n">inline_func</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n"><a href="../../reference/ostream/endl.html">std::endl</a></span>
<span class="w">    </span><span class="o">&lt;&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">"  N::static_var        :"</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">N</span><span class="o">::</span><span class="n">static_var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n"><a href="../../reference/ostream/endl.html">std::endl</a></span>
<span class="w">    </span><span class="o">&lt;&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">"  N::static_func       :"</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">reinterpret_cast</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*&gt;</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">N</span><span class="o">::</span><span class="n">static_func</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n"><a href="../../reference/ostream/endl.html">std::endl</a></span>
<span class="w">    </span><span class="o">&lt;&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">"  N::static_inline_var :"</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">N</span><span class="o">::</span><span class="n">static_inline_var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n"><a href="../../reference/ostream/endl.html">std::endl</a></span>
<span class="w">    </span><span class="o">&lt;&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">"  N::static_inline_func:"</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">reinterpret_cast</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*&gt;</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">N</span><span class="o">::</span><span class="n">static_inline_func</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n"><a href="../../reference/ostream/endl.html">std::endl</a></span>
<span class="w">    </span><span class="o">&lt;&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">"  N::constexpr_var     :"</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">N</span><span class="o">::</span><span class="n">constexpr_var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n"><a href="../../reference/ostream/endl.html">std::endl</a></span>
<span class="w">    </span><span class="o">&lt;&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">"  N::constexpr_func    :"</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">reinterpret_cast</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*&gt;</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">N</span><span class="o">::</span><span class="n">constexpr_func</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n"><a href="../../reference/ostream/endl.html">std::endl</a></span>
<span class="w">    </span><span class="o">&lt;&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n"><a href="../../reference/ostream/endl.html">std::endl</a></span>
<span class="w">    </span><span class="o">&lt;&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">"  A::inline_var        :"</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">A</span><span class="o">::</span><span class="n">inline_var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n"><a href="../../reference/ostream/endl.html">std::endl</a></span>
<span class="w">    </span><span class="o">&lt;&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">"  A::inline_func       :"</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">reinterpret_cast</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*&gt;</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">A</span><span class="o">::</span><span class="n">inline_func</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n"><a href="../../reference/ostream/endl.html">std::endl</a></span>
<span class="w">    </span><span class="o">&lt;&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">"  A::constexpr_var     :"</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">A</span><span class="o">::</span><span class="n">constexpr_var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n"><a href="../../reference/ostream/endl.html">std::endl</a></span>
<span class="w">    </span><span class="o">&lt;&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">"  A::constexpr_func    :"</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">reinterpret_cast</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*&gt;</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">A</span><span class="o">::</span><span class="n">constexpr_func</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n"><a href="../../reference/ostream/endl.html">std::endl</a></span>
<span class="w">    </span><span class="o">&lt;&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n"><a href="../../reference/ostream/endl.html">std::endl</a></span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="w">  </span><span class="n">func</span><span class="p">();</span>
<span class="w">  </span><span class="k">return</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="p">}</span>
<span class="c1">//inline_variable2.cpp</span>
<span class="cp">#include <a href="../../reference/iostream.html">&lt;iostream&gt;</a></span>
<span class="cp">#include</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="cpf">"inline_variable.hpp"</span>
<span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">func</span><span class="p">()</span>
<span class="p">{</span>
<span class="w">  </span><span class="n"><a href="../../reference/iostream/cout.html">std::cout</a></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">__func__</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n"><a href="../../reference/ostream/endl.html">std::endl</a></span>
<span class="w">    </span><span class="o">&lt;&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">"  N::inline_var        :"</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">N</span><span class="o">::</span><span class="n">inline_var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n"><a href="../../reference/ostream/endl.html">std::endl</a></span>
<span class="w">    </span><span class="o">&lt;&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">"  N::inline_func       :"</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">reinterpret_cast</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*&gt;</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">N</span><span class="o">::</span><span class="n">inline_func</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n"><a href="../../reference/ostream/endl.html">std::endl</a></span>
<span class="w">    </span><span class="o">&lt;&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">"  N::static_var        :"</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">N</span><span class="o">::</span><span class="n">static_var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n"><a href="../../reference/ostream/endl.html">std::endl</a></span>
<span class="w">    </span><span class="o">&lt;&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">"  N::static_func       :"</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">reinterpret_cast</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*&gt;</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">N</span><span class="o">::</span><span class="n">static_func</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n"><a href="../../reference/ostream/endl.html">std::endl</a></span>
<span class="w">    </span><span class="o">&lt;&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">"  N::static_inline_var :"</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">N</span><span class="o">::</span><span class="n">static_inline_var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n"><a href="../../reference/ostream/endl.html">std::endl</a></span>
<span class="w">    </span><span class="o">&lt;&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">"  N::static_inline_func:"</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">reinterpret_cast</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*&gt;</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">N</span><span class="o">::</span><span class="n">static_inline_func</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n"><a href="../../reference/ostream/endl.html">std::endl</a></span>
<span class="w">    </span><span class="o">&lt;&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">"  N::constexpr_var     :"</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">N</span><span class="o">::</span><span class="n">constexpr_var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n"><a href="../../reference/ostream/endl.html">std::endl</a></span>
<span class="w">    </span><span class="o">&lt;&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">"  N::constexpr_func    :"</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">reinterpret_cast</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*&gt;</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">N</span><span class="o">::</span><span class="n">constexpr_func</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n"><a href="../../reference/ostream/endl.html">std::endl</a></span>
<span class="w">    </span><span class="o">&lt;&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n"><a href="../../reference/ostream/endl.html">std::endl</a></span>
<span class="w">    </span><span class="o">&lt;&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">"  A::inline_var        :"</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">A</span><span class="o">::</span><span class="n">inline_var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n"><a href="../../reference/ostream/endl.html">std::endl</a></span>
<span class="w">    </span><span class="o">&lt;&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">"  A::inline_func       :"</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">reinterpret_cast</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*&gt;</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">A</span><span class="o">::</span><span class="n">inline_func</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n"><a href="../../reference/ostream/endl.html">std::endl</a></span>
<span class="w">    </span><span class="o">&lt;&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">"  A::constexpr_var     :"</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">A</span><span class="o">::</span><span class="n">constexpr_var</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n"><a href="../../reference/ostream/endl.html">std::endl</a></span>
<span class="w">    </span><span class="o">&lt;&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s">"  A::constexpr_func    :"</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">reinterpret_cast</span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="kt">void</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*&gt;</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">A</span><span class="o">::</span><span class="n">constexpr_func</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n"><a href="../../reference/ostream/endl.html">std::endl</a></span>
<span class="w">    </span><span class="o">&lt;&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n"><a href="../../reference/ostream/endl.html">std::endl</a></span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="p">}</span>
</code></pre></div>
<h3>出力</h3>
<p>clang++ 14.0.0 (Fedora 14.0.0-1.fc36) にて amd64 向けにコンパイル、実行した場合。</p>
<p><pre><code>main
  N::inline_var        :0x404054
  N::inline_func       :0x401550
  N::static_var        :0x404058
  N::static_func       :0x401530
  N::static_inline_var :0x40405c
  N::static_inline_func:0x401540
  N::constexpr_var     :0x402144
  N::constexpr_func    :0x401560
  A::inline_var        :0x404060
  A::inline_func       :0x401570
  A::constexpr_var     :0x402148
  A::constexpr_func    :0x401580
  N::inline_var        :0x404054
  N::inline_func       :0x401550
  N::static_var        :0x404064
  N::static_func       :0x401870
  N::static_inline_var :0x404068
  N::static_inline_func:0x401880
  N::constexpr_var     :0x402154
  N::constexpr_func    :0x401560
  A::inline_var        :0x404060
  A::inline_func       :0x401570
  A::constexpr_var     :0x402148
  A::constexpr_func    :0x401580
</code></pre></p>
<p>表示されるアドレスは環境によって異なる可能性がある。</p>
<h2><a href="#relative-page" id="relative-page">関連項目</a></h2>
<li><a href="../cpp11/constexpr.html">C++11 constexpr</a></li>
<h2>参照</h2>
<li><a href="https://isocpp.org/files/papers/n4147.pdf" target="_blank">N4147 - Inline variables, or encapsulated expressions?</a>, 2014-09-25</li>
<li><a href="http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2015/n4424.pdf" target="_blank">N4424 - Inline Variables</a>, 2015-04-07</li>
<li><a href="https://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2016/p0386r0.pdf" target="_blank">P0386R0 - Inline Variables</a>, 2016-05-30</li>
<li><a href="http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2016/p0386r2.pdf" target="_blank">P0386R2 - Inline Variables</a>, 2016-06-24</li>
<li><a href="https://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2017/p0607r0.html" target="_blank">P0607R0 - Inline Variables for the Standard Library</a>, 2017-02-27</li>
<li><a href="https://faithandbrave.hateblo.jp/entry/2016/11/11/172954" target="_blank">C++1z インライン変数 - Faith and Brave - C++で遊ぼう</a></li>
<li><a href="https://ja.stackoverflow.com/questions/93046/" target="_blank">インライン変数が翻訳単位毎に別々の実体となってしまう - Stackoverflow</a></li>
</ul></div>
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