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</script><!-- hexo injector head_end end --><meta name="generator" content="Hexo 6.0.0"></head><body class="is-3-column"><nav class="navbar navbar-main"><div class="container"><div class="navbar-brand justify-content-center"><a class="navbar-item navbar-logo" href="/"><img src="/img/logo.svg" alt="面向问题编程" height="28"></a></div><div class="navbar-menu"><div class="navbar-start"><a class="navbar-item is-active" href="/">首页</a><a class="navbar-item" href="/categories/%E9%97%AE%E9%A2%98/">问题</a><a class="navbar-item" href="/categories/%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF%E6%9E%B6%E6%9E%84/">技术架构</a><a class="navbar-item" href="/categories/%E4%B8%80%E6%96%87%E4%BA%86%E8%A7%A3/">一文了解</a></div><div class="navbar-end"><a class="navbar-item" rel="noopener" title="分类" href="/categories">分类</a><a class="navbar-item" rel="noopener" title="标签" href="/tags">标签</a><a class="navbar-item" rel="noopener" title="归档" href="/archives">归档</a><a class="navbar-item" rel="noopener" title="Knative中文网" href="https://www.heapoverflow.cn/knative/">Knative中文网</a><a class="navbar-item" rel="noopener" title="时间序列分析中文网" href="https://www.heapoverflow.cn/timeseries/">时间序列分析中文网</a><a class="navbar-item search" title="搜索" href="javascript:;"><i class="fas fa-search"></i></a></div></div></div></nav><section class="section"><div class="container"><div class="columns"><div class="column order-2 column-main is-8-tablet is-8-desktop is-6-widescreen"><div class="card"><div class="card-image"><a class="image is-7by3" href="/pages/youdao-k8s-1/"><img class="fill" src="/img/youdao-k8s-1/1.jpg" alt="有道Kubernetes容器API监控系统设计和实践"></a></div><article class="card-content article" role="article"><div class="article-meta is-size-7 is-uppercase level is-mobile"><div class="level-left"><span class="level-item"><time dateTime="2022-04-14T14:34:11.103Z" title="2022/4/14 下午10:34:11">2022-04-14</time>发表</span><span class="level-item"><time dateTime="2022-04-14T14:38:03.600Z" title="2022/4/14 下午10:38:03">2022-04-14</time>更新</span><span class="level-item"><a class="link-muted" href="/categories/%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF%E5%AE%9E%E8%B7%B5/">技术实践</a></span><span class="level-item">27 分钟读完 (大约4071个字)</span></div></div><h1 class="title is-3 is-size-4-mobile"><a class="link-muted" href="/pages/youdao-k8s-1/">有道Kubernetes容器API监控系统设计和实践</a></h1><div class="content"><p>本篇文章，将给大家分享有道容器服务API监控方案，这个方案同时具有轻量级和灵活性的特点，很好地体现了Kubernetes集群化管理的优势，解决了静态配置的监控不满足容器服务监控的需求。并做了易用性和误报消减、可视化面板等一系列优化，目前已经超过80%的容器服务已经接入了该监控系统。</p></div><a class="article-more button is-small is-size-7" href="/pages/youdao-k8s-1/#more">阅读更多</a></article></div><div class="card"><div class="card-image"><a class="image is-7by3" href="/pages/k8s-operator-2/"><img class="fill" src="/img/k8s-operator-2/0.jpg" alt="Kubernetes API 与 Operator：不为人知的开发者战争（二）"></a></div><article class="card-content article" role="article"><div class="article-meta is-size-7 is-uppercase level is-mobile"><div class="level-left"><span class="level-item"><time dateTime="2022-04-12T15:13:01.436Z" title="2022/4/12 下午11:13:01">2022-04-12</time>发表</span><span class="level-item"><time dateTime="2022-04-12T15:15:56.985Z" title="2022/4/12 下午11:15:56">2022-04-12</time>更新</span><span class="level-item">32 分钟读完 (大约4745个字)</span></div></div><h1 class="title is-3 is-size-4-mobile"><a class="link-muted" href="/pages/k8s-operator-2/">Kubernetes API 与 Operator：不为人知的开发者战争（二）</a></h1><div class="content"><p>前情回顾：《<a href="/pages/k8s-operator/">Kubernetes API 与 Operator：不为人知的开发者战争（上）</a></p>
<p>2016 年秋天，原 CoreOS 公司的工程师邓洪超像往常一样，来到了同事位于福斯特城（Foster City）的公寓进行结对编程。每周四相约在这里结对，是这两位工程师多年来约定俗成的惯例。</p></div><a class="article-more button is-small is-size-7" href="/pages/k8s-operator-2/#more">阅读更多</a></article></div><div class="card"><div class="card-image"><a class="image is-7by3" href="/pages/k8s-operator/"><img class="fill" src="/img/k8s-operator-2/0.jpg" alt="Kubernetes API 与 Operator：不为人知的开发者战争（一）"></a></div><article class="card-content article" role="article"><div class="article-meta is-size-7 is-uppercase level is-mobile"><div class="level-left"><span class="level-item"><time dateTime="2022-04-12T15:04:10.697Z" title="2022/4/12 下午11:04:10">2022-04-12</time>发表</span><span class="level-item"><time dateTime="2022-04-12T15:16:35.298Z" title="2022/4/12 下午11:16:35">2022-04-12</time>更新</span><span class="level-item">23 分钟读完 (大约3495个字)</span></div></div><h1 class="title is-3 is-size-4-mobile"><a class="link-muted" href="/pages/k8s-operator/">Kubernetes API 与 Operator：不为人知的开发者战争（一）</a></h1><div class="content"><p>如果我问你，如何把一个 etcd 集群部署在 Google Cloud 或者阿里云上，你一定会不假思索的给出答案：当然是用 etcd Operator！</p></div><a class="article-more button is-small is-size-7" href="/pages/k8s-operator/#more">阅读更多</a></article></div><div class="card"><div class="card-image"><a class="image is-7by3" href="/pages/wiki-nginx-network/"><img class="fill" src="/img/wiki-nginx-network/0.jpg" alt="一文了解 Nginx 高性能网络工作原理"></a></div><article class="card-content article" role="article"><div class="article-meta is-size-7 is-uppercase level is-mobile"><div class="level-left"><span class="level-item"><time dateTime="2022-04-11T01:59:39.204Z" title="2022/4/11 上午9:59:39">2022-04-11</time>发表</span><span class="level-item"><time dateTime="2022-04-11T02:02:47.189Z" title="2022/4/11 上午10:02:47">2022-04-11</time>更新</span><span class="level-item"><a class="link-muted" href="/categories/%E4%B8%80%E6%96%87%E4%BA%86%E8%A7%A3/">一文了解</a></span><span class="level-item">33 分钟读完 (大约4895个字)</span></div></div><h1 class="title is-3 is-size-4-mobile"><a class="link-muted" href="/pages/wiki-nginx-network/">一文了解 Nginx 高性能网络工作原理</a></h1><div class="content"><p>大家好，我是飞哥! </p>
<p>在单进程的网络编程模型中。所有的网络相关的动作都是在一个进程里完成的，如监听 socket 的创建， bind、listen。再比如 epoll 的创建、要监听事件的添加，以及 epoll_wait 等待时间发生。这些统统都是在一个进程里搞定。</p>
<p>一个客户端和使用了 epoll 的服务端的交互过程如下图所示。</p></div><a class="article-more button is-small is-size-7" href="/pages/wiki-nginx-network/#more">阅读更多</a></article></div><div class="card"><div class="card-image"><a class="image is-7by3" href="/pages/wiki-cache/"><img class="fill" src="/img/wiki-cache/0.jpg" alt="一文了解缓存"></a></div><article class="card-content article" role="article"><div class="article-meta is-size-7 is-uppercase level is-mobile"><div class="level-left"><span class="level-item"><time dateTime="2022-04-08T15:20:41.336Z" title="2022/4/8 下午11:20:41">2022-04-08</time>发表</span><span class="level-item"><time dateTime="2022-04-08T15:31:07.957Z" title="2022/4/8 下午11:31:07">2022-04-08</time>更新</span><span class="level-item"><a class="link-muted" href="/categories/%E4%B8%80%E6%96%87%E4%BA%86%E8%A7%A3/">一文了解</a></span><span class="level-item">1 小时读完 (大约10985个字)</span></div></div><h1 class="title is-3 is-size-4-mobile"><a class="link-muted" href="/pages/wiki-cache/">一文了解缓存</a></h1><div class="content"><blockquote>
<p>作者：vivo互联网服务器团队-Zhang Peng</p>
</blockquote>
<h2 id="一、缓存简介"><a href="#一、缓存简介" class="headerlink" title="一、缓存简介"></a>一、缓存简介</h2><p>1.1 什么是缓存</p>
<p>缓存就是数据交换的缓冲区。缓存的本质是一个内存 Hash。缓存是一种利用空间换时间的设计，其目标就是更快、更近：极大的提高。</p></div><a class="article-more button is-small is-size-7" href="/pages/wiki-cache/#more">阅读更多</a></article></div><div class="card"><div class="card-image"><a class="image is-7by3" href="/pages/wiki-cache-db-consistent/"><img class="fill" src="/img/wiki-cache-db-consistent/1.jpg" alt="一文了解如何保证缓存和数据库的最终一致性"></a></div><article class="card-content article" role="article"><div class="article-meta is-size-7 is-uppercase level is-mobile"><div class="level-left"><span class="level-item"><time dateTime="2022-04-07T14:28:39.934Z" title="2022/4/7 下午10:28:39">2022-04-07</time>发表</span><span class="level-item"><time dateTime="2022-04-07T14:59:41.614Z" title="2022/4/7 下午10:59:41">2022-04-07</time>更新</span><span class="level-item"><a class="link-muted" href="/categories/%E4%B8%80%E6%96%87%E4%BA%86%E8%A7%A3/">一文了解</a></span><span class="level-item">38 分钟读完 (大约5665个字)</span></div></div><h1 class="title is-3 is-size-4-mobile"><a class="link-muted" href="/pages/wiki-cache-db-consistent/">一文了解如何保证缓存和数据库的最终一致性</a></h1><div class="content"><blockquote>
<p>到底是更新缓存还是删除缓存? 到底是先更新数据库，再删除缓存，还是先删除缓存，再更新数据库？本文主要介绍了在不同场景下保证数据缓存一致性的相关策略。</p>
</blockquote></div><a class="article-more button is-small is-size-7" href="/pages/wiki-cache-db-consistent/#more">阅读更多</a></article></div><div class="card"><div class="card-image"><a class="image is-7by3" href="/pages/wiki-rpc-call/"><img class="fill" src="/img/wiki-rpc-call/0.jpg" alt="一文了解RPC同步调用和异步调用"></a></div><article class="card-content article" role="article"><div class="article-meta is-size-7 is-uppercase level is-mobile"><div class="level-left"><span class="level-item"><time dateTime="2022-04-07T12:09:57.730Z" title="2022/4/7 下午8:09:57">2022-04-07</time>发表</span><span class="level-item"><time dateTime="2022-04-07T15:31:12.234Z" title="2022/4/7 下午11:31:12">2022-04-07</time>更新</span><span class="level-item"><a class="link-muted" href="/categories/%E4%B8%80%E6%96%87%E4%BA%86%E8%A7%A3/">一文了解</a></span><span class="level-item">19 分钟读完 (大约2777个字)</span></div></div><h1 class="title is-3 is-size-4-mobile"><a class="link-muted" href="/pages/wiki-rpc-call/">一文了解RPC同步调用和异步调用</a></h1><div class="content"><p>要搞定RPC框架，RPC框架分为客户端部分与服务端部分。</p>
<p>RPC-client的部分又分为：</p>
<p>（1）序列化反序列化的部分（上图中的1、4）</p>
<p>（2）发送字节流与接收字节流的部分（上图中的2、3）</p></div><a class="article-more button is-small is-size-7" href="/pages/wiki-rpc-call/#more">阅读更多</a></article></div><div class="card"><div class="card-image"><a class="image is-7by3" href="/pages/practice-tx-k8s-2/"><img class="fill" src="/img/practice-tx-k8s-2/1.jpg" alt="性能提升40%: 腾讯 TKE 用 eBPF绕过 conntrack 优化K8s Service"></a></div><article class="card-content article" role="article"><div class="article-meta is-size-7 is-uppercase level is-mobile"><div class="level-left"><span class="level-item"><time dateTime="2022-04-06T15:02:02.635Z" title="2022/4/6 下午11:02:02">2022-04-06</time>发表</span><span class="level-item"><time dateTime="2022-04-06T15:06:03.323Z" title="2022/4/6 下午11:06:03">2022-04-06</time>更新</span><span class="level-item"><a class="link-muted" href="/categories/%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF%E5%AE%9E%E8%B7%B5/">技术实践</a></span><span class="level-item">20 分钟读完 (大约2976个字)</span></div></div><h1 class="title is-3 is-size-4-mobile"><a class="link-muted" href="/pages/practice-tx-k8s-2/">性能提升40%: 腾讯 TKE 用 eBPF绕过 conntrack 优化K8s Service</a></h1><div class="content"><p>作者范建明、洪志国、张浩，均为腾讯云容器产品中心高级工程师，负责容器网络和Service Mesh，容器Runtime，调度等相关研发工作。</p>
<p><strong>Kubernetes Service</strong>[1] 用于实现集群中业务之间的互相调用和负载均衡，目前社区的实现主要有userspace，iptables和IPVS三种模式。IPVS模式的性能最好，但依然有优化的空间。该模式利用IPVS内核模块实现DNAT，利用nf_conntrack/iptables实现SNAT。nf_conntrack是为通用目的设计的，其内部的状态和流程都比较复杂，带来很大的性能损耗。</p>
<p>腾讯TKE团队[2] 开发了新的IPVS-BPF模式，完全绕过nf_conntrack的处理逻辑，使用eBPF完成SNAT功能。对最常用的Pod访问ClusterIP场景，短连接性能提升**40%<strong>，p99时延降低</strong>31%**；NodePort场景提升，详情见下表和<code>性能测量</code>章节。</p></div><a class="article-more button is-small is-size-7" href="/pages/practice-tx-k8s-2/#more">阅读更多</a></article></div><div class="card"><div class="card-image"><a class="image is-7by3" href="/pages/how-create-pod-with-cri/"><img class="fill" src="/img/how-create-pod-with-cri/1.jpg" alt="一文了解CRI通过Containerd创建Pod的过程"></a></div><article class="card-content article" role="article"><div class="article-meta is-size-7 is-uppercase level is-mobile"><div class="level-left"><span class="level-item"><time dateTime="2022-04-06T14:48:48.410Z" title="2022/4/6 下午10:48:48">2022-04-06</time>发表</span><span class="level-item"><time dateTime="2022-04-06T14:57:28.191Z" title="2022/4/6 下午10:57:28">2022-04-06</time>更新</span><span class="level-item"><a class="link-muted" href="/categories/%E4%B8%80%E6%96%87%E4%BA%86%E8%A7%A3/">一文了解</a></span><span class="level-item">23 分钟读完 (大约3447个字)</span></div></div><h1 class="title is-3 is-size-4-mobile"><a class="link-muted" href="/pages/how-create-pod-with-cri/">一文了解CRI通过Containerd创建Pod的过程</a></h1><div class="content"><h2 id="前言"><a href="#前言" class="headerlink" title="前言"></a><strong>前言</strong></h2><p>Containerd在某些场景下已经替代docker成为了kubernetes的首选容器运行时。比如边缘端场景k8s的衍生项目k3s则使用containerd代替docker作为默认运行时；比如安全容器场景kata、gVisor项目都直接使用containerd来与k8s对接（并非通过docker）。k8s将对容器的操作抽象成了CRI接口来支持多种容器运行时，针对containerd，k8s社区为其开发了cri-plugin内置在containerd中来支持k8s。本文将针对CRI接口通过containerd创建k8s Pod的详细过程进行介绍。</p></div><a class="article-more button is-small is-size-7" href="/pages/how-create-pod-with-cri/#more">阅读更多</a></article></div><div class="card"><div class="card-image"><a class="image is-7by3" href="/pages/arch-taobao/"><img class="fill" src="/img/arch-taobao/0.jpg" alt="大型网站架构演进"></a></div><article class="card-content article" role="article"><div class="article-meta is-size-7 is-uppercase level is-mobile"><div class="level-left"><span class="level-item"><time dateTime="2022-04-06T14:40:22.760Z" title="2022/4/6 下午10:40:22">2022-04-06</time>发表</span><span class="level-item"><time dateTime="2022-04-06T15:10:23.427Z" title="2022/4/6 下午11:10:23">2022-04-06</time>更新</span><span class="level-item"><a class="link-muted" href="/categories/%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF%E6%9E%B6%E6%9E%84/">技术架构</a></span><span class="level-item">44 分钟读完 (大约6608个字)</span></div></div><h1 class="title is-3 is-size-4-mobile"><a class="link-muted" href="/pages/arch-taobao/">大型网站架构演进</a></h1><div class="content"><ul>
<li>单机架构</li>
<li>第一次演进：Tomcat与数据库分开部署</li>
<li>第二次演进：引入本地缓存和分布式缓存</li>
<li>第三次演进：引入反向代理实现负载均衡</li>
<li>第四次演进：数据库读写分离</li>
<li>第五次演进：数据库按业务分库</li>
<li>第六次演进：把大表拆分为小表</li>
<li>第七次演进：使用LVS或F5来使多个Nginx负载均衡</li>
<li>第八次演进：通过DNS轮询实现机房间的负载均衡</li>
<li>第九次演进：引入NoSQL数据库和搜索引擎等技术</li>
<li>第十次演进：大应用拆分为小应用</li>
<li>第十一次演进：复用的功能抽离成微服务</li>
<li>第十二次演进：引入企业服务总线ESB屏蔽服务接口的访问差异</li>
<li>第十三次演进：引入容器化技术实现运行环境隔离与动态服务管理</li>
<li>第十四次演进：以云平台承载系统</li>
</ul></div><a class="article-more button is-small is-size-7" href="/pages/arch-taobao/#more">阅读更多</a></article></div><nav class="pagination" role="navigation" aria-label="pagination"><div class="pagination-previous is-invisible is-hidden-mobile"><a href="/page/0/">上一页</a></div><div class="pagination-next"><a href="/page/2/">下一页</a></div><ul class="pagination-list is-hidden-mobile"><li><a class="pagination-link is-current" href="/">1</a></li><li><a class="pagination-link" href="/page/2/">2</a></li><li><span class="pagination-ellipsis">…</span></li><li><a class="pagination-link" href="/page/8/">8</a></li></ul></nav></div><div class="column column-left is-4-tablet is-4-desktop is-3-widescreen order-1"><div class="card widget" data-type="recent-posts"><div class="card-content"><h3 class="menu-label">最新文章</h3><article class="media"><figure class="media-left"><a class="image" href="/pages/youdao-k8s-1/"><img src="/img/youdao-k8s-1/1.jpg" alt="有道Kubernetes容器API监控系统设计和实践"></a></figure><div 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