Tracking issue: compile cache #52696

Follow up to #47472 . Some items that can be investigated:

• Initial implementation, enabled via NODE_COMPILE_CACHE environment variable: module: implement NODE_COMPILE_CACHE for automatic on-disk code caching #52535
• Exposing an API for user code to control the caching src: add JS APIs for compile cache and NODE_DISABLE_COMPILE_CACHE #54501
• An API for flushing the cache: module: implement flushCompileCache()  #54971
• Support relative/portable cache: src: add an option to make compile cache path relative #58797
• Embedder API for configuring the storage
• Support reading a list of files to generate cache ahead of time: Generating Compile Cache Ahead of Runtime #58482
• Idle-time cache serialization like what Blink does, to avoid penalizing the first load
• Other hashing algorithm (CRC32 may be good enough for our use case. In the initial implementation, it was chosen because it can be used on no-crypto builds and fast enough. For reference, ccache has used md4 and later BLAKE2b -> BLAKE3)
• Other directory layout (splitting the cache for each file and read on the fly seems to be fast enough and I don't really see I/O showing up in the profile anyway) or using a db (if/when we implement Web Storage?)
• Inode caching like Inode cache for file hashes ccache/ccache#577 (note that CRC32 also barely shows up in the profile, it may not worth the complexity).
• Avoid UTF8 transcoding by directly reading the source code as buffer from disk (this needs to dance with CJS loader monkey patching)
• Move the flushing operations off-thread so that they can be done as soon as the code cache is ready and can be done concurrently https://github.com/joyeecheung/node/tree/parallel-compile-cache (this likely tanks the performance for simpler use cases)
• Implement TS -> JS caching Use the compilation cache when running typescript files through --experimental-transform-types #54741