Code reading

Question 1

Take a look at the following code:

1    let x = 1;
2    function f1()
3    {
4        let x = 2;
5        console.log(x);
6    }
7    f1();
8    console.log(x);

Explain why line 5 and line 8 output different numbers.

Question 2

Take a look at the following code:

let x = 10;

function f1() {
  console.log(x);
  let y = 20;
}

console.log(f1());
console.log(y);

What will be the output of this code. Explain your answer in 50 words or less.

Question 3

Take a look at the following code:

const x = 9;

function f1(val) {
  val = val + 1;
  return val;
}

f1(x);
console.log(x);

const y = { x: 9 };

function f2(val) {
  val.x = val.x + 1;
  return val;
}

f2(y);
console.log(y);

What will be the output of this code. Explain your answer in 50 words or less.